CHAPTER RESULTS

CHAPTER
RESULTS

125
CIIAPTER 4
RESTJLTS
II,O BIOI-OCICAL ACTTVITIES OF NATURAL PRODUCTS'
Tt 6dc srirtr'fidiols of Ardit@tua isnca l@ttFLt dioicq Rl@N sElcta'
Sateadotu pcrsi@ utd Cwm rrtSd w!! $bjcicd foi tt v,to !d i' vlfu bioe$av'
iEluding Cyiotoric. Altit i$Eoitl, Attrib-ari.l. lE clicidd AllifnC ttrd
ar. li dr cyaot r|c litdy. Tb bdG CdmF bi6sv plc'due E rbpnd to
@lrdud dE cylo.toxicity nudr.
la.ltftrra i^.!i@ .tt/E .}itul.td it! Astio|! i! ditr rdn $l*nt3 E! 'glljcd
ro
brift sllinF b^e io d.l.miF D virfu qvrobxic ..dvili6. Crudc qr!!d a wll a
mE ofd. ttcrid s foud ql.bxic ctc.pt clrton ffidtldi& TlE Ftt6mg'
rbrr.lity otcltton clr*hldid..l hisnd doe s 03.33% TlE low srd upF dic
@n6rttic w€4.5E0 sxl36.08 |lg/DL E3pccnElv ( IiDL C't
irdJr rr'r'.r, cludc dtst dd firdond.d spl6 wF tl$
'tttploycd
fd th't "
tto crlotoxi. cfFc! tgrinn bric ltlitnF l'*. NoDc ofoF qlid 3ltoxEd 3i8'ifi6m
*tivity dept ie$rml ne Frcdtltg.
noftslitv of m.tl|llDl f'aclon w 73 33%at
0r higltBr @clEaior (Itbtc C4l lttc'nii,ll fif,iBotc!,!l@ lo'at' T@tt
Dloica sd Sdw.latu p.ttlca @ studicd *!.rdclv. NoE of 6c plet
'xt6c1
3noqtd
!i8!i66n -dviy (t!bl6 c-5. C-6 !d C_7).

126
T.blc C-l BnN shribps kndiv biogv olcdL etui/6'chsof1'zdtetl
rilnz in diftffir $lvod
Noof {aivod in tah.ni Sroup
P,E ccti cHcLr
l0 l0 I9 30 l0
30 t0 0l l0
02
@chtaikt:
*i"". u;on v"t' t, nnu@dd.,.dlanrd
iiii r-irj-tit, ii',,tt^^
Llor.tLM
tr' !r:'d*N:t4.ttu
'ha,n tu etdei4 sc'pt c@hoh td"cttdtd'
T.bL C-2 Bn'e shrimgs l.lbdilv bios*! ol 42di@l@ iftlia (CCla Ftt''jol
Ga;#;a;pit @-k
@M wtd, L.to 16365 d'tl
T!bl. C., Bnnc shrirps btulitv bi@v of @dc q@/Fodim of l,dE s!ti'r4
iiiT-wivm in tttrsl gouP
P,E EIO,AC M.OH
l0 !0 l0 2A 3o
l0 30 26 26 ll
t00o 20 22 u
Wld
b't'wd'tsnttd elbhl
7.$25 .]0 0

t21
T.bh C-4 &i@ lhddD. ldtdfty biry ol 818r. tttLla lli&H Ft't6)
l0
l0
l.r
t7
22
r7.109 7t135
SN-k "t*"d "@'ffd "ytutrr etlh Lct| t7 309 F/81
Tlhle C-5 Brin slrinps totnlli9 bi@y of md. dradnrdoB C'ero /o'ga
Noof oPivc i. tr..rn rt gdP
P,E
cHcL.
t0 t0 2C 10 l0 l0
JO ]0
l0 zt 2A
ss* shMlt rc ./e'iti'v.
1-1625 0
Tdbl. C-6 Bnne shinDs lelhalitv bi65av of crud. .$&'frulids ol TMqX Diti'L
No of 3ldivN in lEll@t @!P
P,E cc! cHcL4 ErOAc M.OH
t0 30 l0 l0 l0 2a l0 30
100 t0 30 l0 30 29 30 30
t000 l0 l0 30 .t0 l0 30 29
so,pk n'N

t28
Trbl. C.? Brim dnnp. hrh.lily bioet of cn d. cxtut4idi.ns Sdvad.d AEna
Noof swivw i. trdE Stqp
P.E cct cch
l0 .,0 30 l0 JO 29
tm ,0 l0 30 30 30 30
r0o0 !0 ,0 t0 l0 to ,0 79
sa'* ni'Nda.ru6bty.
1,425 ]0
12. L tlttu.rrl.bh'd&/ .et h ibo amil.tsh@ial &'ivir, ot crutb
'fier
&i fslio@.d @D\!3 of,lztd,@td indL. re t s.d !gti8 L "tqd
(MHOM/PX./SE) ttwing 5r tdP'odrigol.t /nl). Cnlc cxtr d sd cston Lrshlotid'
frsti@ JsN

129
f't]hLl In elt0 td.ttlturrol d$v oa.ldt|ha Nb qe
qnrcfi,.crid le.ind Ldjd (Pd(ir.ni isltL) 6ii8 Arpl$t ri.it'B
sd. Drug
?t.al too 0
1,.t3 6194 t0t
cctr r5.t6 lt37 IXt
cHcLi ?o.62 15.,1 l||0 0
EOC r3t8l ll.0l t||o 0
2t6.14 10.56 tm 0
ie"A!.tdn,!{ sta sc&i'tu I th!.u-.dtldtrt:
lAt. Ld td btmre dh*v: Ntll: Nolad.'d-'tdabtt: P E Padt
-citi ciiidw-, ctt, cnaitd** ttut W t@. tt'ott: rt:dtnt:
iimhat
bb. rdd {Et b loro thd t0 rghl
taak tlw.dtgt@,r "auwca kkhdlddt tY.
Ttbbu2. tn tito ,tn4tt,,,6i.t ',ifliry
ol f@ix .llob q@haid
.gri6t Lmjd (*irrd ioLr.) uinr An olqiciFB o.2Dslnl a d!n!d
-t,
t11.U 29,t0
|l0.4t 45.51 t@ 0
ctr. r''.tt 2515 lo0
CHCLJ tm,9l t0o 0
t!!.5r t7.5
l]t.q ttt? t00

130
T,l,LLS L rt o qdLn'ttu lal divivof&9lttidlasrddtdim
ra.iic Ld.jd Oidd&i i.old.) Eing AmPbortniFB 0.2n!,'l G drd"d
.3.16
ll.tt 6.4
cct4 9t.tt 25.11 t@
cHc|-r t5.:t5 at31 t(D
217.62 t8.ot t00 o
r5.tJ t2.51
S6tL |b'*d det kddbry.
Atdt e.l, . ps. ooF@d % dlo inwniged fo. iB ,t tw rtdt 4rbn
,rirrm,i, FBic! n @[at liotr! of 0.5,0l' t.5 td 02t6 *. t!3p'cliElv Amn!
ib. tlt. tdcr t$o shdiN storlld .iifctlt @rr.&,t@t t' &tivilic! sith lh'ir
D.rccnt.gr ir$ib,ritr of &2 17 .rd 869? %. ElFlirclv. Th' fon|er im elutoB
lho\Gd Dod.rd. &,!ivity qitt tlFir Fttai.ge inbibitio ofst.E !d 6ryq F tctiElv
(flt,l L4t At @n4t ro ltzdtr@tua Mca tlE tEa @Ibojd tza'thact'lin w
droE ctuiE by 3lwiig 86.9x idtibilid (T.bL L{)
rfrFLA tn rltu d,tiLitttmtd divtv of$rva&Ep.Erae addli..tis
.g.h{ Lujd (PLi,r!i i$lr.) qinr Anlh.Gric B olosr'dl a 3bdttd
ro9.tl 100
tt2at
cct4 126,11 10.52
clrcL, 100.93 s.@ t(D
t26.71 19.52 t00 0
t4t.20 35,4t Ito 0

l3t
Mdr,?or var $bjd€d to. tt v,to lebhmdicidd mtdv .glinn lzishtuia ldsites or
Palisrui ielai€. An€r 72 ton, di 05% dd 0t% w& $sFaiotr of lhe 3md6
sho*€

D2
Te .V1 h ritre dtti!.tsls.ttial yJiivnv of A4$ico4 a''ol. I s ttl2%wtt
sFBids !€rid L.s.jd (P.ti!ei iellL) 6i.e anphorricin_B 0 2ngml a
100
t00
71.41 100
82.6r
rdpt rho4d tipfi.tu Nhxr.
,1.3. /, rina utibt t tf.f .crMlr Crud. *ner ot Tzadnachlt tn.lica ltC
ilcridded @pl6 ir diff@t elv.it3 !rcb 6 p.r etts cdoDfonr. @bon
teirachldide, cthyl &et tc ed Dclhlnol qG subj-lcd for it
'it
otibacterial &tivitv
amng dF .xlr&tfilcli@ chloofom A-dot slFved significitl dtivitv tgabn
stapu.l@ds Mrc sd Shis.Ua lewi
*nib mlnaDl freriotr showed
sieDifi@t lclivig ari!!1 ,galtll,'l:l.''m @tu un Pe4L@ MgiM4 aa
nod.rd *tiitr a|4ii9' 9,1g.Ia t6.@t mp.divelv- oth€t lietio6 slD\r€d
EeligibL drivitie ari.4 0Es dg!.in3 Glblc A-l).
The crude dcacr d wll s diff'.tn ff,.tiqs of Ttuit diotcd w'E spplied for
dtibetei.l sntdy noft oflh. fr&tiq showd etib..ldis! lctivitv ('rabk A 2)
Cnde *ract//fFcnons obtrin d tom ih. !.tial Pln ofl/tdla sttcra \@ al$ sludied
against tht alove m€ntioned otgsilmg rh chloofom fi&rion showed siili@t
eiivity aCni.sl all the o€siss included in te lesi excepi Midrcor8 luttu (ftble
A'3)

t3l
T!bf. A- | /n rito rddD..r.ridf -riviry of q& dblvtuiBot 'ltdt'@hto
,dn clffibd* EftllG !r!dd dls Ervtld'tin (lo(,u/nl).
Din i.. ofdE ofit0ibtid i! nD
P.E
CHCLJ
ccr.
t2+ | t.5
2tr I.5
t5+ 1.5
TJL A-2rt r&elrit cril..tn ity of o!d.qttt/itciGof fffn D&id.a
sdtrF.rt dE Efqqe r-d!d du! E tltMt i. ( loorg/ml}
ttdl.-orag ofiil Mhin m.
PE
cltc|-,
cct
t(El
lt +0J

Tlr mctllml'nd w'!.r fi&liodt of x^@r{ tt.ra tu
t34
3i8lific{t eiilc Pd dlE'
crton t6..tldi4. lDd.i6y' @ 6.cli@ 3!oq!d Egli8ibl. *riviti'6 tglilr n'd
ofth olstni.d (I!bl. A-3).
Ch& crrrr'r s rtl tt chld orE dxittDl rld erdr i!.li@ of el@tu pqsra
showd liglljfic. anih..lairl !.1iviri6 !s.id difEnd orsailo! (f.blc A4)
Cw
lor',qj,d€.tflaJd A*:!io|a.d 3!dpl6 in diftttd slv.na re sbj"Ld
for etb..tn.l sliviliB indg lhd. cnd. Gxti.' chl@fornl mcdunol 3nd mtlr
ns6c slo$td ligDificll slivilB .g.id tr. ltoE Eotiod dg.tdor qhib Fr
.rlEr. crtor ctlchldidc.d ctltyl et c rhowd o.siiSibL e ih"lqi'l rclivili6
Tr6L A-3 L v/@ nrib..ltit -rivnv of6i. ad.t rfttci@ o'X'4vrtrz
MD.E to |h. aacGE rdd.d drug Eryrlnnttn! (loOICnl)
I)i.n r- of
's oa ilhititin in 4.
TE
cltcu
ccl.
2t4l 30* tJ JI
2lal
t2t t.5
do&-idnryqls/N et,,,s*, slta P eB Ear'tttdtdffit
-sd.tlnd

B5
Ilble A-4 /n |t1@ diibd.will cln iD ul rud. .fu'fdiob
"f lr'uld A'r&
cm'm lo Lfie Ef€e studrd drus Er}{hNnJ cin I I00u/ml)
ffi.of-*ri*iui-r..
II+I
231 | z2 lo3
t31l
07+ |
t2+ t.5
2t40-5 )l4 l
)8 + 0.5 J241.5
' ---
sMpl. l@ M^'tt osot"tE an
dnwed eetiltd rctbbt .qont a t@ ; tt*r dtuz. JeF
-
1 ibk A-5 /, vitu dibdtirl divity ols* slttd/tdiG of Che '4o
@n!.8 to rh< Elffi rnddl &ug kt'rhmrin ( I mtt!/nl)
DLn idofdGof i ibhid i. m
PE
cc!
l9t I 2t + 0.5 20a I
20+r
t0+ I 28 * 0.5 Jl a 0.t .llrl .l)+0.1
atrt' M;. Mj'-,,].. d6; tu'dAieM
i|*'d ds"thcd dbltt asaid hat

l16
.1.4, /, rto l$etlcid.l .dnity: tbr it t/to iosliciiltl sludv thc Eoe comon
iB.rs ltibolfua .dta@un. Rhvzopenha dontntca atn Calloobtuchu Mlis werc
snbjectql lo .tl plmls .xr6ct!4ia.tioa individu.llv
)adwcl,la i,.lica 6r& at.4t@rbon Lt! chldide ed ndniml teljons of slFsEd
signiicdn im$ricidd a.rivitis tgltrtsrltlboliun cast@M. RhJtoPc ha Nd
'bnini'd
aflosobwht Mlis. st le p€t ethd. chtorefom ad ethvl acctltc ffttio$ sho*€d
low dd ne-qligible adivni€s Onbb Ll) rbntix diolca crud' dt@tfBtionaled
sd€ }* siu

131
T!br. I-2 h vito i@ticlLrl aoriviry ol ctui'.fretttuion T@w:rdbnL
Pmdnrin 235.71Elo' u*d 6 tud.ld dntl.
P.E
n @!*r rsLliN
0
25 0
,0 20
xrd)E rticrd crud. .t'el qnd ndiot{.d @pl6 9d sntdi€d agaiin the abov€
ndlioEd theo itMli cidc de- @!o! Lt! ctl@do chlmf@ ad n'lh'ml
frlqtiois shosrd siSnificul activilies .gpr$i ditrwd insdt whilc pcl ethd ard e$yl
@t{. showd rerli8ibl. lnd oo activilv f3pdi*lv (Tabl€ l-l)
tulvo.k'ro E si@ 8d CMa l@aa exts|v ticli@ ** nudi€d agtiis rb' abov'
netni@.d itr$t. &lwdnd?t'rtca sho*ld no efect d dll (IabL l-4). *lile b ct!' or
c/.!ua /o,sa only meiheol fraciion shosd 3ig'ificdt eiivitv (Table l_5)
T.bb l-3 In ,ri@ i@liciLl divitv of dud..{r.r/is&N olllzx on&
P.mdrin 235.?l ttg/ori $.d s {td!n dus
Pc@t eeI9!4L_
P.E cc14 cHcL)
20
l0
t0
i;E tuii6;
0
@^fr;A;;i;'tfuii,t sctt 'a.1
tk'to4 lho'ed !?'dkd Nttoxt$

1t8
Tablo l-4.r, vitu i@licidal aotivitv of qud€.xtlodn*ions ofla&'d"a paic!
Pennelhrin 215.? | uCcF': used s sbndltd drus.
P,E ccr. cHcLr
l5 25
20 0 o 0 100
0
Tl'Ll-51'tlbinsricddrtiYtrv olc &6@t/fidjo$C@to'to
P.m.lhrin 23t 71lrg/cm: usd 6 sltd.d ddg
cHcfl
ffii.d.,n;;das'indeh4
.|J. ft tlt udn .g.t .cihitv: Crude extlct fiactod of the aboYe nention€d plmls
'!G $bjeicd fo. i, vito t inDgtl stldi6 tgaiGr tutgi st'I\ a lilhowo"
lonEijsis, AsPeryi\E JlM Cadidd olhtcM Midosporun c@is atd |wriw
sdldr,, Esp@tirely. flF .dte €xta.t s wll 6 all offte tactioa of Azadir@hta lndica
3howd tiifidt e$vni.s asliDsl difcnt tuDgi (Iable F_ r ,'

ll9
Taturi. dioiu cude .xt&r dtd filction.Ld wples wde siudi'd dgainsi difierent
turgi s me.IioEd t!ov.. Tne @de qtrd. pel. ethd dd neth@l filttions sbowd
siSni6@l 4ti!ili6 aSrjn$ Dosl oflhe oBoiss Chloofom *dd od elhvl acdale
riictiotu shos€d ncslieibL o. no adivig d tll (Table r_2) Rh4ta stticta shov'6
sieriticd! &livitis againn diff@t orgdisns. while cNd' *tod !€t
ether' csbon
&tE hldi.t , ctbyl der't. a!.1 *zl€r t!.tio6 oflbe eid plttt 3lbqld FSlisibl' tnd @
@rilitis. Bletiwty 6 @npor.d wilh lhc !t!td!d dru-! Oabl' F-l)'
Trbbr'l ,' v@ Antfulglt erivirt of c.dc e|tuvfidiN ol rz&r"c
,",*- -* o rr* -ti.*- r-,Ll 'ius
Anptddicin B 0 2'l'r
Di.mdd of d6 or i.h'biiid in 44
P.E
22+1-5 29!l
]0 +0.t
08+ l t.t
:lrl
;; ;;;sa'Ft=:;-'n;;amtm sd wa F df'Bdd,ur:
i7q ii6,- w*" t n-' krolrk rz\4 c !! t:"dtd'
e^ y:!f
'iiil&iiTii; il"iii;;d;'a;: iid; "t*"dlsfi
d dni@ "s'tu
dt

T.bk F-,2 ln v,tu anlitulC dirny olcd& escvliE im or rtud
d'od @m@F b d. cre;oc Mndttd Jrus \hphoFilin B a2dl''
i.hib'd.4!4!
P.E
cHcLr
cc!
It +01.5
-h.@Idoof
2311
ffi;ffiaiifr..s di6.z.hda aE'kffii"4t r'to"zilnsL' di cab@
T.bl. f-l /' v,m A ifu.s.l &livi! of dud. c'fu,''lcltod or R'a! rtidr'
@n@ ro the ref.m@ sbdtrd A nPnot*icin B 0 2nx/nr
Ditr@ or d6 of innibitim in !!
P,E
CHCLJ 2l *0.51
ccr.
26+l
sMPh lh^ed ry'ad @^'v
2Jrl
l3 + t_5
Sdiad@ pe'i.t e*ttlft*im *w sobjc{.d for
'i'
t'to elitung't edviti6 Tte
chloofom ed nein&ot ftt iios sho*.d ligtifiod a.liviri6 ar;!i'sl ndi of ll)e nrSi'
$tile crud. dlr..1 Det .ihd. carhon i.nlchtond' sGr dd €rhvl acrde showd
reCligibtc !d d &livily. cperiv.lv (I!!L !'a).

C,,tt@ i,red *t€ d$ nudi€d ,r'a aglrnn &e ahoE trmtiot|cd fiDgi Nd' oflh'
eiEsv8&lic snowd sigtriEqm &dtugrl &livitv lgtitui uv tvF of orgtds
(l!bl. F-5)
T'hlc f-4 .t irv Arlif'dFt diyn' otsu& dn-t&did ofs'ur'z
Pdd cdEoF b rh Ffqw r;'dtd dls Anptdiih B 42ap'i"
P.E
-i.|6orzffiolinnibi.imiq!!
19+ 1.5
It r l.t
r@'pt. 'h.q.d
,snqbd adatY
f.bl. F_5 /t 4?E AntiuEal divit ofcod' 'xfrct6-&rios
ofcffi4u
/oa@ com@ @ th. rfRne 'llndld
dflE AnphtrnciD B 42"f tr
Di|t|erof aFof inhibirim in mm
PI
CHCLI
cclj
I+I
08a l 07+15
t2 ! 0-5
Itrl.5
l]*1.5

t42
,.6 /r rrlD plrrototic .ctlvity: All ofthc above mendoned pllnls extlcis/ fiadios
q6 dplord fo. itrGliedi@ rlen tt t D phltobnc poFri6
Cntde extrad^?cdon t d sdples of A.odl@hta tu6ca i ln ditrftnr sohqrs showd
sigri,icdt phrtotqic etivitid !t hi8*t co.cnilltiotu, Tn€ p€rcc'rsse activili's d
hio.n @ndtlrions {1000 Pslnl)
ofcrudc .xtEc1. €tt'n ttnchtdd' chl@rm cnd
n|clndol frdic of w t-J, r.5. 90 md 87 5 %. Bpetiwlv (T!bl6 P-2 P- l P- 4' !!d
P- 5). Whil€ ,et. €lba ed .lhvl a.ebte filctioB showd nesligibl' &tivin6
T.bre Pr /, vrt phlotoxic altitr Atli^t ta i'Ll,, @& "rtu'ta'tiotu
r8rin
L.tuniw sinqgt4!^u0t16 |0/nl B std dDr-
N;or ffisfli4
i. lEt|ml sroup
ccL
l0 ll l2 t0 25 0
29 l3 l0
0l & 05
T.bfe P-2 /' ,rp Ddyrddn atvity /'ni,shb btlt:a @e.fi,al €NBTI,m
rrn' 6ins Pu{ul 0 0176 |t8/nl B slddn4:
27 t2.5
t00 2t 425
0l
su'ph d(^na onivia
'hot.d

t43
T.blc P-, tt vrD phy@n( Erivitv.rrer'tu&a ud" (Cthon coaliofl&l 4diNr
l?ro dtl utinB P!44d 0 01 76 ICml 6 srd d e
o0r76
sdl thdN.n
'ituitud tutub.
Tabk r- 4 h vltu pfittctuic &rivv ,zntuhb bdiu \Cmo6te6\^Edulr I@
6!{ P3!4u!r 0 0176 tlCnl s Sd drul"
"d
l0 !2 20
l0o l0
s&pk rhor.A rip4ld ..ti'rr
TrblcP-5 /I vtpDlylobn @dti9,4,alr@,t' hr'id {M'lh@l n&tiotr){8ti"rl
]tu niw rsa^gPdz{@t 0 0116 FgDl d Srd drue
ssPh she.t! 'tpt4icd
@tui
25
t7
57.'
05 87.5

TM& tlioica crud. €ttE t and tn toded sPtd wr! subj@l6d for r rtto
phytotonc ndu.& NoE of th. dt*tfrt lid shos.d phrr'rioxic
'tu d erv
@ncrtralio. (Tlbtc P-6). Crude extld 6 wcll s tsdm of xldtg rttt'd i' ditreF l
solrcnb n@ dudicd .r;u81 lelu nircr l, vlto phttotoxic &tiutv An@8 th*
cnrdc qrnc! orbd icta chldide ed tn oDd tn tod showd sislifitu! phyotoxic
!.livity d bend .ottmldid virh rbcir F@!t ge divilid E5' 77-5 'A t0%'
Gspeclively (Tabl.s P'8. P_9 Md P' l0)
T$LP5fi tu phylololic acliv ig TMit dtui.r 'tu& 'xtrctltuioN
tgdii{ /dm
rr@ Giis Pldaurr 0 OU6 us/nl a Sld- dtug'
No6f nldsgriE i. tt t"ei srut
.]8
ccl cHcLl McOH
0.0176
0
36
T$f. P-? /r ,,1rc phybroxic eii ftt Rhdto fitctd crud'z anldJfa(ri@ Wnnsi
/e'ro rt@ Bing PlEqulr 0,01?6 |r8/n! a Stddru&
Noof iitrrdtmir. ii tqtn..t eNP
t0
|^i-"fr
cf!
CHCLJ
2a
20 26
l5 2l 23
;;6;'tu*N*-'d""ddiiotbttio''hNed\knnd&h6

45
T!6L P-s /, r,,ro ph''i.roxic !.tvnt tu4.t ltrt tu (@tu.tttturr,{Iirlrl@ ni@
uss ltdrqulr 0.0t 76 lrgfnl a srdrtlg
t0 21.5
t(x)
t00o 3r,00
sNpI.:tnva.! stE lled dtutY
N
T.Dk Pa tI y@ tlvbroxic *!ivi9 Ardw tt@ (C!6on rdrahkti'L Ddid)
.srinsr i.d, ',;
6irs P!"Aud 0 0l?6 uynl 6 Sld dus,
IO ?T
t00
ta
suPk tlwd '4'41@
@tutd
T.bL P'lo In ,iog Diyr.rolic eliviy fl@re sti, (Mdhml tdiod) t€'insl L@
,rrm' sine Po!.q!.1 0.0175 rrdml G Sld dos
ll
to00 OE E0.m
s@pk sh.sad shnwd 'di'tr

!116
Sdlradora pe$ica e\r@ts w sfidted agdnsr lema hint tor phtloldic activ'lB
Neithcrth. crul€ dir&t noi&y ffacri@ 3ho$!d sie flcam activitv (-l alle P-l I)
T.bL Pl Lr vih ptrytororic &1i it S.nvubtu p.Bi@ cn'& 'x'lrcl/ftutim
agridt
/d,,, ,i,o' using Pudqut 0 0176 llCml s std dtug
Noof iodssaiv. in lt!.indt gmuP
P-E cct CHCLl
l0 18 33
\2 l5
3o
3I
calcna lo,gt ctt1. .xbact sd ftaciioEtcd sPles \{G subj4led fot i' r'to
phtlotoxic studies, Crude qt&l 6 wll $ chloofod ed d'thNl fietions shovtd
lisnift@l phytoroiic *livitid (1abt6 P'14. P- l5 ard P- l6)
T.bL Pl2 ,r tih ph'4olonc divilv Ced ldle cn dc cxo&/f'$$dr 4titur
lm niM sia9Pd'4luto-o116 ug/ml 6 Sd-&ue!
No of n$

t47
T.bL Pl t /r tto pn'rotxi divny C4tw ,"i!sq Gnne dEl) '*ltd
lem
ri@ 6ins Pn{ul 0.0176 ll{r'd s Stdrnug
t0 0
29 21.5
I00o t0 7t.00
seet dffid
'8,141@
dituv
r lbh P- l a l, v'1@ phyr.lqi diviq Ccfir /dsz (ctloofm as'iNr
,.,@ cin! Pn{u10 0 | 76 F!r'd d sld ltrllE. 'Erid)
'd
sqd. stw.d ttsnlid dbtY
T,bL Pl5 ,, vtz DhrLloric dlivD Ct,ld r/vas (Me{!El falrd) +tird
t tu riw @ingPuado 0176 FCml6 Siddrug
sert 'tE
.d'r?Vaa4
l] t1,5
t5 62.5
06

t48
1.1. Is itu a llekhwhlal ettdigr in ntc.l
tt riw dtileishn@idl *ndi6 ot tn€ aborc @nlioded pldts exn! is wr Frfomed in
30 bie vnch ** divi(M itr si\ ercup3. ceh goup m codpri*d ol fiYe nie
alFdy infsr.d d Gll h@ eirh Ool'n! leittnni1t cultuE hwing 3'ld
pronNtigoteslnl. Fot 35 d^vs all the mi* Ft'ioed uEealzrl th€n d'dlfd Oe l6io6
sire of all ni..4d detemined the nes. 'lhe p@heatFenl m€d ldiom 3id orthe
Grcw l.2, l.4, 5 md 6
'l@ 15.5 211.lJ2 2l8' r91 {\d 13l Eh Gpecl1v€tv
Anr 35 dlys ofinfe.tio. nie gtuup 1.2 3 sd 4 l@ tre6led {ith 01 02 03 and
't
04"/0w/$ of Aadiffhta ltdid @d€ dtn't ointndn dFcrivelv Orcup 5 6 it'al.:d
with slanddd dru8 (15% Pmoonv€i. oi me + 12% M€rhvl bedoth'niw chlorid€)
Cnu! 6 M Elld.d c @gatiE 6nt!t tsr'rt Pith bla't ointn'nt (lable V l)-
T@hF teord of .tl th* greup6 ed l6iot sis R* norcd e*ry 6k duing
tRtn@r !p to 30 dtys. @dinued tne rhc sludv in irEd em{F up to 120 dlvs uiil
conpletely cu.d, $!ile in ilE negative conirol grolp the 6dr *6 eorded up to 130
dals. AAer 30 days it arnenl wit\lr '42adituclta indita crnde eitad ointnd1s tn€
6A€.tiE m.m t6io$ si6 ofg$p 1.2.3 dd 4 9@ Edued lioh l5 5lo 7 6' 217
b5.7. ll.2lo 1.8 mald218 io2.5
'n Gpedv'lv rhe pet'nttg' cui'd rd' i!
gmp 1.2,1ed4 Et 50.96. ?5.9t. E6'36 4d s8 53oz dFclieely (Table v_l)- Mice
h Croup 5 wed iFal.d with standard ointn€nr @ult rcdtre $e m@ lsion siE Aon
l9.7lo L7 6m lbowi4 91 37% €ltd die ln o'Sdtive ontrol (grcup 6) nice ireated
vih pl@to oiftnot ({iihour dng) tftd 30 dqs Lqlnmt r!' lesroG ofdl die i!
Mtd goup wr netsuEd tnd dclmincd rhc nrd l6io! sia omped wft tne

l't9
nd l6id size of prltndmst md MIded th. rdutls Th@ I signjn'dlr ift'Ee in
thc l6ion sift sh s tDm l3.l lo 69 ? m ftc peNntsse Fc in rbis sol4 wa
'!Ed
zcb pena . Co inwd th€ s$dv drihetlv one nose ou1 ofnve *s di'd on dlv 45 md
lwo dEl@ di.d tdga 60A..d d.t!t5 duilglttd'oi rBletiElv (l-able V l)-
|rhL\-t EPtdrol lzaliwhta ind,z obm d &!AmE MFr in Albino n'*
- v{h' t h."-th.nium chldidc r' ! sdrd 'inlmoi
",iicp*...r"i"
Md l6id 3ir. r (m)
5
,5 5/5
1t.,147.5
86.36
5 3t.51 515
02 217+1.2
0l
t20
515
5 19.7 4.5
9t_t7
5
rHn,i,bnr',s4oottsadtdtutzMnt'd'edbe-'ltEe'1a'noda
'ini,liii-"i* t tc,*qda 4:t'rced*
@a Ytue N m' d'2du 'tq
ttiiai., n" aoa *.-,6a th o^d o0 k
"*" 'tat'
TIE @bptelely cud of.ll oe in grcup' I w uP 10 120 tLF $iil€ in groul!2' 3 dd
4 re sith in 90 d.F Gable v' I) ln s'!ur 5 (posiri* co'tFl) all mice lr*
cmlLr.ty cutd villt in 6lt ddF h c4 of th' Egdile gretp slatcd win Pl4bo
oinrrn€d {witlFlt dmg) th€ lr1@ t*ion siz' s dtldged md ultiMtelv casine he
deat ofa Gt nicc $tilc l[e .uEd de w0! ztlo p€Eert (Table v_ l )
't. daiD:rt.rlE i, rt@ sttteish@b! etjriry ot Rfu4a \hkta 'NAe
exrE r oErncnl
in nie. slc pdtaot of sludv sid DetodoLogv w tdopted- ]tu oirhdls s$osed
nodede io significani aciivitiG an t 30 dsys t!stn@l' bv t€ducing ih' 6peiv€ neD

150
t6ion sie fid. I ?-l to 6 5. 2t.? ro 4.6 ard 15 2 ro ? 5 &d 25 ? nn to I 5 m itr e$up
l.2.3 dd 4,GF.tirctv (l.ble v_2) llF Frnitc€ cd€d rd6 tnd ]0 tLvs wc
62.42. ?8.80, 83-55%. dd 84 86% in gtulF]. 2. 3 sd 4 Bp€'tircly s @npared wilh
0r. pdretMl 6d l4io! si* Obbt. V_2) lre'tnmt m @ntinud to nie in ttl
grou!6 till @mpl€rcly cued dd e$tts 9ft E orded d dlr 30' 60' 120' ed lEo'
6I..titty. h grouFt ald erou+2 nie *F Mpl€r'lv cEtd uP lo 120 ald 90 dty3'
rcspectively. Whit. nicc i. Ctoup l. dd 4 conpterclv curtd with in 60 Gablev_2)
'l$5
Mie cmup 5 !!ded with standard oinln@t conrajlina lt% pdrcmoqtin s'n6rc
pls t2% {Ar ne|hylb.!4rhoaiu chlotid' sho$td Frcnraee c@d Ere 95-12%
dolded jlBl aft.t lo d.vs r.c'het( bv r'duing $e ttr6 l6ion sia in mic fiom 20'5
ro Loo m. vhile mice l6io6 in dis goup *€ onpletelv cuFd wirn in 60 davr
iEameit (table v_2) Mic is gtuup 6 we t!'ted with plrclbo ointned (*nnool
drud whicb show€

t5l
T^b:t V -2 Efrerol Rt@w lnxh ojnlmnl on lgiJ,tu'l mjor in Albino ni€ urng
psonomlcin + Medryl btuthenium d 0 {lndctd o'nlmot
No of qur.d hic.
90 120 t30
or 62,42 515
78.81)
2.5 +0J 81.55
84.86
20.5 !43 95.12 5/5
Edq4a utdw 4'' r'trF
ii:i;k i*;;i;;an;fi6
*.ii i ii* ,;;"a i.'p *.i,/ htu6 ttf @ d't' d*'e "d "M
0/3 0/.1
l2adt@kin (t'te @69.rrn) w .te subjcd'd for it liM sn'dv in
'rtiteri'Mi'l
mie ehictr sho*ed sie 6@t sdtt in FiG S@ Pret@l of sdv B sppli'd urd'r
tn. sinild ondirim. Bul ditr enl oEntFlioN of ointurs *e used Mi@ in
Iroupn Ir* t@ted sirh 0j% ,'t ddiro.i'nt oitt cn! the petdlage c@l 6re a
50.73% (Table VJ), Grcup_2, 3 sd 4 seF leiild wjth 0l r'5 ard 0270s/* ointncnl'
d@tiv€lv. Ans 30 dlvs r..l6.d ih.n Frcdtlge cuF{t Fles wrc 79 69 83!0 dd
93.58%, Esp.€dvely Tbe Fdnilge cord 6t' of iand'd oilhdt Bd in gro!p_5
w 95.12% (table v-3) GmF6 r.st d *ith pls'bo obhd lhe lltd l6oc siz' of
nic. in ths stoup 6 iNM!.d s comptrd wilh pFttueDl Dd lsid 3id dd
slbqils zre Fre.t cur.d d. Cqninuc

l5l
4A, Id ti@ Artit k,t@ial $rdis in hrDr! b.irB:
Flnlr doubl. blitd ddoniz.t @ntDil.d ttials weF perfodd iD hm'n b'iug3 lo
ehtul€ ihc.fr*tivoe$ of oidnefi co tini^g keiituchtd indicu crude ext6ct {l€31
sple) veBE rcelmire drinodile (Gluatnire) injeiion (slandsd/Ffdence) in |tE
ndrment of culrleoE leishnnisis A. iolal oI 600 patists *€ refcftd to the
chsdt! M.dical Clblteca H@pir.t. r.ltrnt sindh for ioid'l diagMis od ol fie 200
pdi.nis mel $e indNid ctireri! tui dd.':t'rut@l rraldst lltc Patiors wF
divid.d @ddnly ilto fou souF rh6 ttltnsn go'4F td m ont'll arcut 50
Dariems in @h croup (llble v4) DEog tn' nd visl PFireaEndt l6ion of d'h
pati.nt in sll thee erouF w€re mesur.d PholoeBpbr w€ dtwn befoF ard *tcr
tEalJn.nl in all tne .6*. lbe ned omb€r o{ l6ion per patidl M l 3 ed |h' n'd
ldion sia oftn€ pafdts in gmup 1 2.3 ed 4 wG 12' l5 l-l and 12 cn"
Bpe.liEtY ( l.ble v4)
Pbriors in Ooulr 86 ftded wnn tk sde oinrdsr dc; CouF2 widr rle
cmbih.tion of injecdon @daining ln. nsdltd dtus (Gl@tine) pls die pl'cebo
oi.tm.nii in couF3 sit! conbination of both the inje'ti@ mntaidng ihe 3t'r&rd dDg
plus ihc ssnple ointn€nq dd in crcup-4 lco'rot) *ilh lhe plaebo ointnenr 6lon' fo!
2l consudve days in @h c4- lte c@ rlr€ s6 84% (the birlcn) in GJsuFs
(trd.d w$ sddard drue plu len enplc). fouo*ed bv 760Z in Oreuel(trai'd qiitt
spt. oiltm.nl aloE). 66% in GreuPz ltd oltv 6% in Greup a (@!toD GF{iwv
Lll€r on th. patienls wm followd ad chct'd dcry ml duing th€ 661 di6 weks
ed ih.i foltosed by ch6k ups anlr l. 3.5. ed 12 60 hs ft€ lsions sd indudlloE
ar4 w.re ndsurd ed calculat€d sepsdiclv fo! o( @rd

154
lrbLvaIn uo sttdt s t'ulrdu Ad ttu& ilrug oinl|Mr m Fli''
t;;;;-''" cl*di" hn) *cictr *s u!€d s {'.nd!'d druu
--No
"f o.i-b rn .i;m
':o'c^E
ffi#:'tr!
50 !!
1.3
l3 ]L
11
l_l
1!_
3
",#,Tl:,I:H;I:'&;il;#;,Tiiiii;Ln;*" ^* zadsre b'dv * sh!
'rd
'ii"itilii-ii
',*-.*
i"*' o,'" ofud @n\r oinmdt Id :t '1,'
6nq a
'6 Rtua "h
- "a. "*: n 4 @iL Elr s'dd o drzto Ltdtd tudadd'v
'alw
Similary !, vt studv w&s els pdfootd i' hum b€ins on "!:ail'ia"di'
(pG
compoud) oidrftnt on pdient3 *ith.ur4@6 /ets"d'6b- S8' pFt$ol ofstudid
@ applied d in thc pEvios studv. Duita |hc f6l Yisil patFarrhcnr l*ion of dh
paii.nt in oll $6e gouF w@ d6$'d Phobgnlhs r* dnM b'foF ad ind
iEaioent in all lhe css.s |ne b@ no of l.sion pd patimrs M' I 5 dd lhe nem lesion
sizc of tl€ patis$ in grelFl, 2. I dd fou *@ 1 5' r'2 1 4 sd l lcm dFcl'vcrv
u
!
L
Pan$ts i! c@Pl s@ tEr.d wil! thc s4ple oilhdt (01%vw t2dirrcltin) atorci
OouF2 silh th. conbinaiion of ini.ciiot conlliMs the st$dard drue (c!&stine)
ds the plc$o oinftcd; in GouP3 wilh combiMdon of bofi th' i'i€ctiod coftrin'ne
th. sddard tttus ptB Oe @Ple oiturettt ed in onra (n's'tiw wid thc
'ontol)
ptebo ointnerf alo... for 2l coljgutis ttlvs in eeh @T 'llE cN Ere *6 86% (ih'
highest) in GrcupJ (treaied with sl@dad drug pls le$ sanph) followed bv 80% in

155
GtuuF(reaicd wifi sple ointnetrt olonc). 78'10 in GrcuF2 md o'lv {J4% in cmup 4
{mgEtiE co'itrel), dpcliwlv (lhble V'5) t'c' on ilE palidrs lw folloEd s'd
ctleked *ry ret durine t[. 6rn $e wlc. ed rb'n folloqe