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August 15, 1914 THE PANAMA CANAL August 15, 1939 Of the main routes the most important is that between the Atlantic and Pacific coasts of the United States. It was anticipated long before the Canal was opened that the traffic over this route would be heavy. The trade between the two coasts did not reach the higher levels until several years after the World War when idle tonnage of vessels built by the Government and intercoastal vessels which had transferred to the more profitable European trade were returned to their regular runs. These factors, coupled with of cargo, passed through the Canal. Since that time there has been a general improvement in world trade which has been reflected in a greater movement of shipping through the Canal. During the fiscal year 1939 there were .),903 vessels, carrying 27,866,627 tons of cargo, both figures approaching the records established just ten years before. Although there is a wide variety of comp10dities shipped from the west coast to the e&. ...tern seaboard ports, the great bulk of the shipments Traffic did not reach a norrnallevel through the Canal nntil more th:Lil jiue years after it was opene:1, chiefly bJcause of the disrup· t'ion of trade routes during the World War, However, landslides kept the Canal closed for more than half thejiscal yea.r 1916, This picture of a disastrous slide in Gaillard Cut was taken on October 5, 1915. the large shipments of oil from the California fields, were the principal factors in bringing the traffic to the high levels reached between 1923 and 1930 reaching the highest point in the fiscal year 1924 when there were 1,704 transits of tankers. Tanker traffic was an important component of the cargo shipments through the Canal during that period, but there has since been a gradual decline and during the past Escal year there were only 580 transits of tankers. During the ten-year period just. ended there was a great decline in the movement of ships and commodities on all trade routes through the Canal; the lowest point being reached in 1933 when only 4,162 vessels, carrying 18,161,165 tons Page seventy is made up of mineral oil, wheat and other cereals, lumber, canned food products, food products in cold storage, and fresh and dried f.·uits. Of these one of the most important items is the lumber shipped from the great forests of the Pacific slope. The tonnage of cargo shipped from the west to the east coast of the United States is approximately twice as great as that which moved from the Atlantic to the Pacific seaboard. This is also generally true of all the other trade routes; however, the value of the cargoes is more nearly equal, as most of the westbound cargo is made up of finished manufactures. Manufactures of iron and steel constitute the greatest part of the commodities shipped from the Atlan-
August 15, 1914 THE CANAL AND WORLD TRADE August 15, 1939 tic to the Pacif.c coast of the ~~ited St.ates via the Canal. Other commodities whlch are shipj:ed in large quantities over this route from east tll west include automobiles, machinery, paper ~ll1d p~per products, coal and coke, and variou, chemicals. An uutstanding example of the fluctuation in the movement of commodities over the various trade routes caused by changing economic conditionE. is found on the important route between European ports and the west coast of North America. There was a sudden rise in the amount of shipping over this route during the fiscal year 1939,
Page 1 and 2: The opening of the Panama Canal had
Page 3: August 15, 1914 THE CANAL AND WORLD
Page 7 and 8: tgust 15, 1914 THE CANAL AND WORLD
Page 9 and 10: ·(~;~~~~~~~~~~ -~~ . Ṡome World
Page 11 and 12: August 15, 1914 SOME WORLD FAMOUS V
Page 13 and 14: August 15, 1914 SOME WORLD FAMOUS V
Page 15 and 16: A Trip Through the CanaJ I The effi
Page 17 and 18: August 15, 1914 A TRIP THROUGH THE
Page 19 and 20: A1tgUst 15, 1914 A TRIP THROUGH THE
Page 21 and 22: The Third Set of Locks The faciliti
Page 23 and 24: August 15, 1914 THE THIRD SET OF LO
Page 25 and 26: August 15, 1914 THE THIRD SET OF LO
Page 27 and 28: The Army and Navy The military and
Page 29 and 30: August 15,1914 THE ARMY AND NAVY Au
Page 31 and 32: Historic Sites and Legends No place
Page 33 and 34: August 15, 1914 HISTORIC SITES AND
Page 35 and 36: August 15, 1914 HISTORIC SITES AND
Page 37 and 38: The Republic of Panama A remarkable
Page 39 and 40: August 15, 1914 THE REPUBLIC OF PAN
Page 41 and 42: August 15, 1914 THE REPUBLIC OF PAN
Page 43 and 44: Historical Calendar 1501.-The Isthm
Page 45 and 46: August 15, 1914 HISTORICAL CALENDAR

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