082098 Staphylococcus aureus Infections - Goodsamim.com

MEDICAL PROGRESS
fibrin or fibrinogen in promoting Staphylococcus aureus adherence to inserted
intravascular catheters. J Infect Dis 1993;167:633-41.
50. Tsao MM, Katz D. Central venous catheter-induced endocarditis: human
correlate of the animal experimental model of endocarditis. Rev Infect
Dis 1984;6:783-90.
51. Vercellotti GM, Lussenhop D, Peterson PK, et al. Bacterial adherence
to fibronectin and endothelial cells: a possible mechanism for bacterial tissue
tropism. J Lab Clin Med 1984;103:34-43.
52. Ogawa SK, Yurberg ER, Hatcher VB, Levitt MA, Lowy FD. Bacterial
adherence to human endothelial cells in vitro. Infect Immun 1985;50:218-24.
53. Tompkins DC, Hatcher VB, Patel D, Orr GA, Higgins LL, Lowy FD.
A human endothelial cell membrane protein that binds Staphylococcus aureus
in vitro. J Clin Invest 1990;85:1248-54.
54. Lowy FD, Fant J, Higgins LL, Ogawa SK, Hatcher VB. Staphylococcus
aureus — human endothelial cell interactions. J Ultrastruct Mol Struct Res
1988;98:137-46.
55. Hamill RJ, Vann JM, Proctor RA. Phagocytosis of Staphylococcus aureus
by cultured bovine aortic endothelial cells: model for postadherence
events in endovascular infections. Infect Immun 1986;54:833-6.
56. Vesga O, Groeschel MC, Otten MF, Brar DW, Vann JM, Proctor RA.
Staphylococcus aureus small colony variants are induced by the endothelial
cell intracellular milieu. J Infect Dis 1996;173:739-42.
57. Proctor RA, van Langevelde P, Kristjansson M, Maslow JN, Arbeit
RD. Persistent and relapsing infections associated with small-colony variants
of Staphylococcus aureus. Clin Infect Dis 1995;20:95-102.
58. Wu T, Yeaman MR, Bayer AS. In vitro resistance to platelet microbicidal
protein correlates with endocarditis source among bacteremic staphylococcal
and streptococcal isolates. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1994;
38:729-32.
59. Alston WK, Elliott DA, Epstein ME, Hatcher VB, Tang M, Lowy FD.
Extracellular matrix heparan sulfate modulates endothelial cell susceptibility
to Staphylococcus aureus. J Cell Physiol 1997;173:102-9.
60. Drake TA, Pang M. Staphylococcus aureus induces tissue factor expression
in cultured human cardiac valve endothelium. J Infect Dis 1988;157:749-56.
61. Ing MB, Baddour LM, Bayer AS. Bacteremia and infective endocarditis:
pathogenesis, diagnosis, and complications. In: Crossley KB, Archer
GL, eds. The staphylococci in human disease. New York: Churchill Livingstone,
1997:331-54.
62. Patti JM, Bremell T, Krajewska-Pietrasik D, et al. The Staphylococcus
aureus collagen adhesin is a virulence determinant in experimental septic
arthritis. Infect Immun 1994;62:152-61.
63. Timmerman CP, Mattsson E, Martinez-Martinez L, et al. Induction
of release of tumor necrosis factor from human monocytes by staphylococci
and staphylococcal peptidoglycans. Infect Immun 1993;61:4167-72.
64. Heumann D, Barras C, Severin A, Glauser MP, Tomasz A. Grampositive
cell walls stimulate synthesis of tumor necrosis factor alpha and
interleukin-6 by human monocytes. Infect Immun 1994;62:2715-21.
65. Yao L, Bengualid V, Lowy FD, Gibbons JJ, Hatcher VB, Berman JW.
Internalization of Staphylococcus aureus by endothelial cells induces cytokine
gene expression. Infect Immun 1995;63:1835-9.
66. Bone RC. Gram-positive organisms and sepsis. Arch Intern Med 1994;
154:26-34.
67. Spika JS, Peterson PK, Wilkinson BJ, et al. Role of peptidoglycan from
Staphylococcus aureus in leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, and complement
activation associated with bacteremia. J Infect Dis 1982;146:227-34.
68. De Kimpe SJ, Kengatharan M, Thiemermann C, Vane JR. The cell
wall components peptidoglycan and lipoteichoic acid from Staphylococcus
aureus act in synergy to cause shock and multiple organ failure. Proc Natl
Acad Sci U S A 1995;92:10359-63.
69. Bohach GA, Fast DJ, Nelson RD, Schlievert PM. Staphylococcal and
streptococcal pyrogenic toxins involved in toxic shock syndrome and related
illnesses. Crit Rev Microbiol 1990;17:251-72.
70. Verdrengh M, Tarkowski A. Role of neutrophils in experimental septicemia
and septic arthritis induced by Staphylococcus aureus. Infect Immun
1997;65:2517-21.
71. Yao L, Berman JW, Factor SM, Lowy FD. Correlation of histopathologic
and bacteriologic changes with cytokine expression in an experimental
murine model of bacteremic Staphylococcus aureus infection. Infect Immun
1997;65:3889-95.
72. Beekhuizen H, van de Gevel JS, Olsson B, van Benten IJ, van Furth
R. Infection of human vascular endothelial cells with Staphylococcus aureus
induces hyperadhesiveness for human monocytes and granulocytes. J Immunol
1997;158:774-82.
73. Verdrengh M, Springer TA, Gutierrez-Ramos J-C, Tarkowski A. Role
of intercellular adhesion molecule 1 in pathogenesis of staphylococcal arthritis
and in host defense against staphylococcal bacteremia. Infect Immun
1996;64:2804-7.
74. Peterson PK, Wilkinson BJ, Kim Y, et al. The key role of peptidoglycan
in the opsonization of Staphylococcus aureus. J Clin Invest 1978;61:597-
609.
75. Karakawa WW, Sutton A, Schneerson R, Karpas A, Vann WF. Capsular
antibodies induce type-specific phagocytosis of capsulated Staphylococcus
aureus by human polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Infect Immun 1988;56:
1090-5.
76. Wergeland HI, Haaheim LR, Natås OB, Wesenberg F, Oeding P. Antibodies
to staphylococcal peptidoglycan and its peptide epitopes, teichoic
acid, and lipoteichoic acid in sera from blood donors and patients with
staphylococcal infections. J Clin Microbiol 1989;27:1286-91.
77. Freedman JD, Beer DJ. Expanding perspectives on the toxic shock syndrome.
Adv Intern Med 1991;36:363-97.
78. Musher DM, Lamm N, Darouiche RO, Young EJ, Hamill RJ, Landon
GC. The current spectrum of Staphylococcus aureus infection in a tertiary
care hospital. Medicine (Baltimore) 1994;73:186-208.
79. Mylotte JM, McDermott C, Spooner JA. Prospective study of 114
consecutive episodes of Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia. Rev Infect Dis
1987;9:891-907.
80. Yzerman EPF, Boelens HAM, Tjhie JHT, Kluytmans JAJW, Mouton
JW, Verbrugh HA. DAPACHE II for predicting course and outcome of
nosocomial Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia and its relation to host defense.
J Infect Dis 1996;173:914-9.
81. Sanabria TJ, Alpert JS, Goldberg R, Pape LA, Cheeseman SH. Increasing
frequency of staphylococcal infective endocarditis: experience at a university
hospital, 1981 through 1988. Arch Intern Med 1990;150:1305-9.
82. Libman H, Arbeit RD. Complications associated with Staphylococcus
aureus bacteremia. Arch Intern Med 1984;144:541-5.
83. Jernigan JA, Farr BM. Short-course therapy of catheter-related Staphylococcus
aureus bacteremia: a meta-analysis. Ann Intern Med 1993;119:
304-11.
84. Raad II, Sabbagh MF. Optimal duration of therapy of catheter-related
Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia: a study of 55 cases and review. Clin Infect
Dis 1992;14:75-82.
85. Espersen F, Frimodt-Møller N. Staphylococcus aureus endocarditis: a
review of 119 cases. Arch Intern Med 1986;146:1118-21.
86. Fowler VG Jr, Li J, Corey GR, et al. Role of echocardiography in evaluation
of patients with Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia: experience in 103
patients. J Am Coll Cardiol 1997;30:1072-8.
87. Sandre RM, Shafran SD. Infective endocarditis: review of 135 cases
over 9 years. Clin Infect Dis 1996;22:276-86.
88. Chambers HF, Korzeniowski OM, Sande MA. Staphylococcus aureus
endocarditis: clinical manifestations in addicts and nonaddicts. Medicine
(Baltimore) 1983;62:170-7.
89. Marantz PR, Linzer M, Feiner CJ, Feinstein SA, Kozin AM, Friedland
GH. Inability to predict diagnosis in febrile intravenous drug abusers. Ann
Intern Med 1987;106:823-8.
90. Pulvirenti JJ, Kerns E, Benson C, Lisowski J, Demarais P, Weinstein
RA. Infective endocarditis in injection drug users: importance of human
immunodeficiency virus serostatus and degree of immunosuppression.
J Infect Dis 1996;22:40-5.
91. Fernández-Guerrero ML, Verdejo C, Azofra J, de Górgolas M. Hospital-acquired
infectious endocarditis not associated with cardiac surgery:
an emerging problem. Clin Infect Dis 1995;20:16-23.
92. Fang G, Keys TF, Gentry LO, et al. Prosthetic valve endocarditis resulting
from nosocomial bacteremia: a prospective, multicenter study. Ann
Intern Med 1993;119:560-7.
93. Casey LC, Balk RA, Bone RC. Plasma cytokine and endotoxin levels
correlate with survival in patients with the sepsis syndrome. Ann Intern
Med 1993;119:771-8.
94. Chesney PJ, Davis JP, Purdy WK, Wand PJ, Chesney RW. Clinical
manifestations of toxic shock syndrome. JAMA 1981;246:741-8.
95. Chambers HF. Methicillin resistance in staphylococci: molecular and
biochemical basis and clinical implications. Clin Microbiol Rev 1997;10:
781-91.
96. Archer GL, Niemeyer DM. Origin and evolution of DNA associated
with resistance to methicillin in staphylococci. Trends Microbiol 1994;2:
343-7.
97. Kreiswirth B, Kornblum J, Arbeit RD, et al. Evidence for a clonal origin
of methicillin resistance in Staphylococcus aureus. Science 1993;259:227-30.
98. Musser JM, Kapur V. Clonal analysis of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus
aureus strains from intercontinental sources: association of the mec
gene with divergent phylogenetic lineages implies dissemination by horizontal
transfer and recombination. J Clin Microbiol 1992;30:2058-63.
99. Schwalbe RS, Stapleton JT, Gilligan PH. Emergence of vancomycin resistance
in coagulase-negative staphylococci. N Engl J Med 1987;316:927-31.
100. Noble WC, Virani Z, Cree RG. Co-transfer of vancomycin and other
resistance genes from Enterococcus faecalis NCTC 12201 to Staphylococcus
aureus. FEMS Microbiol Lett 1992;72:195-8.
101. Update: Staphylococcus aureus with reduced susceptibility to vancomycin
— United States, 1997. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 1997;46:
813-5. [Erratum, MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 1997;46:851.]
102. Sieradzki K, Tomasz A. Inhibition of cell wall turnover and autolysis
Volume 339 Number 8 · 531
Downloaded from www.nejm.org at ARIZONA HEALTH INFORMATION NETWORK on December 7, 2009 .
Copyright © 1998 Massachusetts Medical Society. All rights reserved.