Wamberal Lagoon Catchment Aquatic Survey Final Report (PDF ...

Australian Aquac Biological 

Wamberal Lagoon 

Freshwater Aquatic 

Biodiversity Survey 2010 

Project 100056 

Sub Report 100056 - 1 

30th June 2010 

ROBERT B McCORMACK 

© Australian Aquatic Biological Pty Ltd 2010


Freshwater Aquatic 

Biodiversity Survey 2010 

© Australian Aquatic Biological Pty Ltd, 

PO Box 3, Karuah, NSW, 2324 

Email Correspondence: info@aabio.com.au www.aabio.com.au 

Reference Project:100056 Aquatic Biodiversity Survey and Baseline Mapping 

of Freshwater Crayfish & Aquatic Species of the Gosford LGA - A Subset of the 

Australian Crayfish Project No.:100001 & Australian Aquatic Biodiversity Survey 

No.:100038 

About This Project. Australian Aquatic Biological Pty. Ltd. conducts aquatic research around 

Australia. Two of the major projects currently being conducted are Project No. 100001, the Australian 

Crayfish Project (ACP) & Project No. 100038, the Australian Aquatic Biodiversity Survey (AABS). 

The aims of these Projects are to survey the whole of Australia, to record and identify every species 

of freshwater fauna & their distributions. The present report embodies the findings for a subset of 

the ACP, Project No. 100056 Aquatic Biodiversity Survey and Baseline Mapping of Freshwater 

Crayfish & Aquatic Species of the Gosford LGA. Project 10056 is major sponsored by Gosford City 

Council under their Ecological Research Grants Program 2010. 

Disclaimer: 

Every effort has been taken to provide accurate information and taxonomic determinations, and to 

use names that are current at the time of report preparation. The Australian Aquatic Biological 

Company has exercised due care and skill in the preparation and compilation of the information and 

data set out in this publication. Notwithstanding, Australian Aquatic Biological, its employees and 

advisers disclaim all liability, including liability for negligence, for any loss, damage, injury, expense 

or cost incurred by any person as a result of accessing, using or relying upon any of the information 

or data set out in this publication to the maximum extent permitted by law. The authors accept no 

liability for errors and omissions. 

Preferred way to cite this publication: 

McCormack, R.B, 2010. Wamberal Lagoon, Aquatic Biological Survey 2010. Australian Aquatic 

Biological for Gosford City Council, Gosford NSW. 

Cover: Wamberal Lagoon Nature Reserve 

Wamberal Lagoon Catchment Report Australian Aquatic Biological P/L 2

Report Summary 

Biological surveys were undertaken as part of both the broad Australian Crayfish Project 

(ACP) & Australian Aquatic Biological Survey (AABS) and a targeted sub-project on Gosford 

LGA (Project #100056, Australian Aquatic Biological 2010). The main sponsors for this 

project were Australian Aquatic Biological and Gosford City Council under their Ecological 

Research Grants Program 2010 that was assisting with biological research projects for 

the whole Gosford LGA. Surveys of the Gosford LGA are completed on a catchment/ 

drainage basis and Wamberal Lagoon is the first catchment surveyed completely as part 

of the larger Gosford LGA project. 

Wamberal Lagoon was surveyed in late May and early June 2010 and the findings are 

presented in this report. The late May surveys were conducted during flood conditions 

when all the ephemeral creeks were flowing and the ephemeral swamps in the process 

of filling. Much of the wetland areas were inundated, all inflows flowing and the lagoon 

was at its flood height. 

The early June surveys was entirely different and floodwaters were receding, inflows 

not flowing and additionally Gosford Council had opened the lagoon to the sea to limit 

flooding and the lagoon height was now lower than it normally would be. This was very 

beneficial as it concentrated the upstream waters and reduced habitat area allowing 

more concentrated biological surveys. A number of native fish species were recorded 

(particularly large numbers of Gudgeons) as well as exotic Gambusia. We draw particular 

attention to one new native species of Gramastacus crayfish discovered and an invasive 

Cherax freshwater crayfish species also proliferating in the catchment. Land crabs and 

other freshwater crabs were unable to be located, although they are expected to occur 

in the catchment. Other crustaceans such as amphipods were confirmed in the catchment. 

Freshwater snails were present and we also draw attention to the size of specimens 

collected representing the largest ever recorded in Australia by the ACP & AABS. Overall 

the catchment was in very good condition for a high population suburban and recreational 

area and the full results of this aquatic biodiversity survey are presented in this paper. 

Key words: Wamberal Lagoon, crayfish, shrimp, crab, Gambusia, amphipod, gudgeon. 

Figure 1. Wamberal Lagoon 


Table of Contents 

Report Summary 3 

Table of Contents 4 

1. Background 6 

2. Introduction 6 

3. Aim of This Study 7 

4. Research Methods 9 

4.1. Methods 9 

5. Results & Discussion 10 

5.1. Crustaceans 10 

5.1.1. Freshwater Crayfish 10 

5.1.2. Euastacus Crayfish 15 

5.1.3. Gramastacus Crayfish 15 

5.1.4. Cherax Crayfish 19 

5.1.5. Atyidae Shrimp 21 

5.2. Fish Species 22 

5.2.1 Poeciliidae 22 

5.2.2 Pseudomugilidae 23 

5.2.3. Anguillidae 23 

5.2.4. Eleotridae 24 

5.3. Mollusca 26 

5.3.1. Hyriidae 26 

5.3.2. Planorbidae 26 

5.4. Insect Larvae 27 

5.5. Birds 27 

5.6. Vegetation 28 

6. Field Notes 29 

7. Conclusion 33 

8. Recommendations 33 

9. Acknowledgements 34 

10. References 35 

List of Maps 

Map 1. Aerial Map of Wamberal Lagoon Catchment 11 

Map 2. Wamberal GPS Sites 12 

Map3. GPS Survey Sites 13 

List of Figures 

Figure 1. Wamberal Lagoon. 3 

Figure 2. Forresters Creek in flood May 2010. 7 

Figure 3. Upper Forresters Creek after lagoon opening June 2010. 8 

Figure 4. Euastacus spinifer. 10 

Figure 5. Euastacus australasiensis. 10 

Figure 6. Lower Forresters Creek after lagoon opening. 12 

Figure 7. Ephemeral Swamps Wamberal Lagoon Nature Reserve. 15 

Figure 8. Paperbark swamp - Crystal St. 16 

Figure 9. Gramastacus burrows. 16 

Figure 10. Wetlands north of the Entrance Road. 16 

Figure 11. Common rush swamps - north of the Entrance Road. 17 


Figure 12. Common rush swamps - north of the Entrance Road. 17 

Figure 13. Gramastacus sp Wamberal Lagoon catchment. 18 

Figure 14. The yabby Cherax destructor north of the Entrance Road. 19 

Figure 15. Cherax destructor. 20 

Figure 16. The cooked yabbies. 20 

Figure 17. A Cherax destructor and Gramastacus sp captured 

together in the same trap. 20 

Figure 18. Atyidae shrimp. 21 

Figure 19. Female with eggs Atyidae shrimp. 21 

Figure 20. Gambusia holbrooki “a typical scoop”. 22 

Figure 21. Pacific blue-eyes Pseudomugil signifier. 23 

Figure 22. Longfin eel. 23 

Figure 23. Box trap with 99 flathead gudgeons. 24 

Figure 24. Flathead gudgeon Philypnodon grandiceps. 24 

Figure 25. Flathead gudgeon Philypnodon grandiceps. 24 

Figure 26. 2 x striped gudgeons Gobiomorphus australis very 

dark colourations in Forresters Creek. 25 

Figure 27. Striped gudgeons Gobiomorphus australis. 25 

Figure 28. Freshwater snails Glyptophysa gibbosa. 26 

Figure 29. Wamberal Lagoon bird life. 27 

Figure 30. Wamberal Lagoon birds. 27 

Figure 31. AABio survey site data sheet. 28 

Figure 32. Forresters Creek in June after the opening to 

sea - lower water levels than normal. 30 

Figure 33. Forresters Creek - flowing into Wamberal Lagoon 

through Wamberal Nature Reserve. 31 

Figure 34. Bullrush/Cumbungi lined drains along Crystal Street 

between Achibold Park and road. 31 

Figure 35. Cumbungi and duck weed Carbeen Road. 32 

Figure 36. Duck weed Carbeen Road. 32 

List of Tables 

Table 1. Proposed Surveys Gosford LGA. 8 

Table 2. Cherax destructor captured in June survey. 20 

Table 3. Aquatic biological survey sites 

Project 100056-1 Wamberal Lagoon Catchment-Central Coast NSW 2010. 28 

Appendix 

A. AABio Voucher Data Base - Wamberal 37 


1. Background 

The Gosford LGA is experiencing rapid growth and development. This high population 

coastal area represents a significant environmental asset that is fundamentally important 

to our lifestyle and economy. Implementing the infrastructure needed to support the 

increased population, agriculture and tourism must be undertaken so as to minimize or 

avoid ecological impacts on coastal vegetation, wetlands and threatened species. It is 

essential that management agencies have the information on hand to wisely plan the 

development and future of these fragile coastal regions. Additionally, the Gosford coastal 

region will be increasingly affected by global warming and climate change. Any decisions 

made today could have lasting effects on the biodiversity of this coastal area. Currently, 

however, management agencies do not have access to all the appropriate information 

to enable the protection of our coastal crustacean and fish species and their fragile 

aquatic habitats. 

Over the last few years the Australian Crayfish Project (ACP) & Australian Aquatic 

Biodiversity Survey (AABS) has been surveying eastern Australia for freshwater crayfish 

and aquatic fauna. Over $300,000 has been expended in private funding sponsoring 

these projects resulting in numerous important discoveries. In addition to recording 

and describing several new species of crayfish in the region, the survey has also revealed 

that an alarming proportion of the region’s endemic species appear to be facing serious 

threats. 

With the support of Gosford City Council the whole of the Gosford LGA will be surveyed 

on a catchment by catchment basis and the results collected will greatly increase the 

knowledge base and allow better management of these fragile coastal ecosystems, 

helping the conservation of our aquatic species. 

2. Introduction 

Wamberal Lagoon is a small coastal lagoon located on the NSW Central Coast. It is a 

growing residential area located between the major towns of Gosford to the south and 

Wyong to the north. Being only 85 km or 90 minutes from the Sydney Central business 

district, it is also a popular recreation area for both Sydney and local residents. 

The lagoon has a surface area of approximately 0.57 km² and a catchment area of 6.6 

km² (Map 1) with only one main tributary stream, Forresters Creek. Wamberal Lagoon 

itself is substantially protected by the Wamberal Lagoon Nature Reserve. On the seaward 

side of the lagoon, the nature reserve encloses the whole of the coastal barrier, whilst 

at other locations around the waterway the nature reserve covers land of a variable 

width affording some protective separation from other land uses. The existence of the 

nature reserve increases the protection from stormwater runoff from the surrounding 

catchment into the lagoon. (Gosford Factsheet W11(1/05)). 


Wamberal Lagoon Nature Reserve is south of the Entrance Road and covers an area of 

132.2 ha and contains Wamberal Lagoon, Forresters Creek and associated coastal dune 

system. 

Freshwater biological surveys were conducted in Forresters creek and all inflow lines 

and drains. Additionally, all the wetland and ephemeral habitats were also surveyed. 

The survey area is roughly divided by “The Entrance Road” that divides the catchment 

into a northern and southern section, with much of the low-lying ephemeral area within 

the Nature Reserve or surrounding Archibold Park area to the south of the road and a 

large proportion of the catchment to the north consists of undeveloped rural land with 

a large central wetland area. 

Note: The Gosford LGA for the purpose of AABio biological surveying is divided into 

Grids. This Wamberal Lagoon catchment survey represents Grids: 79, 80, 89 & 90. 

3. Aim of This Study 

The primary aim of Project No. 100056 is to determine what freshwater crayfish occur 

where in the Gosford LGA. Primarily freshwater crayfish are the priority and the Gosford 

LGA represents a significant area for crayfish distributions, yet little is known on the 

distribution of crayfish in this area. Only two species have recorded distributions within 

the LGA; (Euastacus australasiensis & Euastacus spinifer) yet the extent of their 

distributions are unknown. Additionally, the Gosford area includes a number of coastal 

lagoons, lakes and streams, all with independent catchments draining directly to the 

Tasman Sea that have been isolated from each other for millions of years and many 

containing unrecorded crayfish species. 

The project also records information on all the other aquatic fauna found in the LGA as 

well as information on landforms and vegetation. All this is in order to facilitate the 

better conservation and management of the aquatic ecosystems of the Gosford LGA. 

Figure 2. Forresters Creek in flood May 2010 

Wamberal Lagoon Catchment Report Australian Aquatic Biological P/L 7 

7

Figure 3. Upper Forresters Creek after lagoon opening June 2010 

Note: For environmental and hygiene reasons (transfer of pests, diseases & weeds, etc.) 

each of the catchments are treated as individual systems and are surveyed separately 

with materials and personnel being sterilized between catchments. A copy of our Hygiene 

Protocol and Code of Practice is available online at www.aabio.com.au. 

Table 1. 

Proposed Catchment Surveys Gosford LGA 

PROJECT 100056 SURVEY LIST 

No Catchment Project No. Status Grid 

1 Wamberal Lagoon 100056-1 Completed 79, 80, 89, 90. 

2 Terrigal Lagoon 100056-2 In Prep 79, 89. 

3 Avoca Lagoon 100056-3 In Prep 

4 Cockrone Lake 100056-4 In Prep 

5 Kincumber to Kilcare & Bouddi NP – 

Coastal Streams 

100056-5 Completed 87, 88, 97, 98, 

107, 108, 117 

& 118. 

6 Erina Creek 100056-6 In Prep 

7 Narara Creek 100056-7 

8 Brisbane Water –western side streams 100056-8 

9 Mullet Creek 100056-9 

10 Mooney Mooney Creek 100056-10 

11 Mangrove Creek 100056-11 


4. Research Methods 

A large proportion of the Wamberal Lagoon catchment was surveyed (Map 1) to identify 

potential habitat areas. The survey was relatively unobtrusive and consisted of various 

methods: 

4.1 Methods 

Site co-ordinates and altitude were recorded using a Magellan Explorist 600 handheld 

GPS. Specimens were collected using a variety of methods to suit the conditions at each 

survey site. 

• Visual observation of crayfish presence/activity. Generally burrowing activity is 

the most common indication of crayfish in the area, although visual observation 

is also often a useful technique to record the presence of crayfish that are active 

on the forest floor or stream bed during sampling. 

• Visual search for shell fragments and remnants of crayfish or molluscs. Crayfish 

moult their shells to grow a new larger shell, discarding the old shell, they lose 

claws due to fighting or claws are left from animal predation. Snail and mussel 

shells are often stranded as water recedes or carried onshore by predators. 

Searching for shell remnants can give a good indication of the species present, 

the numbers of animals in the population and an indication of the predators in 

the area feeding on the crayfish/molluscs as each predator has its own signature 

re shell remains. 

• Active netting. Scoop nets were used to scoop the bottom sediments, under logs, 

through leaf litter, under banks or through reedy sections, etc. This is a particularly 

important method to detect species that do not respond to baits or traps and 

particularly effective in muddy/turbid water. Three scoop nets were utilized: 

Small- 300mm dia hand held scoop. Medium- rectangular rake with 600mm x 

200mm opening. Large – 600mm x 700mm scoop net. 

• Cast Net. 3m diameter cast net. 

• Structure removal and probing. Crayfish and molluscs shelter under rocks and 

logs, etc. and time was allocated to lifting such shelter objects and searching by 

hand for fauna. This is another particularly important method to detect species 

that do not respond to traps or nets. 

• Burrow excavation by hand. Most crayfish species construct burrows and thus an 

integral part of the survey involved careful excavation of burrows by hand to 

search for crayfish. This is a particularly important method to detect species 

that do not respond to traps or nets. 

Most animals were examined at the collection site and released after identification. 

Some voucher material was retained where appropriate and all retained specimens 

were placed in transport containers with a small amount of water and some vegetation 

from the site and returned to the laboratory. Selected specimens were placed in glass 


aquaria and photographed. Crustacean specimens were then euthanized by freezing for 

at least 24 hours and subsequently stored in clear, labelled specimen jars containing 70% 

ethanol. Tissue samples were retained in cell lysis buffer from selected specimens for 

subsequent DNA analysis, as part of the broader ACP. 

These simple methods were used to find and capture freshwater aquatic animals for 

identification in Wamberal Lagoon Catchment. However, AABio employs a code of practice 

that is designed to limit the transfer of any pests and diseases from one catchment to 

another. For each catchment separate traps/nets are utilized and boots, etc. of field 

workers are sterilized between catchments. 

Use of traps in eastern drainages is prohibited under the Fisheries Management Act and 

all methods and collection was authorized under special scientific collection permits. 

All collections were authorized by the NSW Department of Industry and Investment 

under Scientific Collection Permit P05/0077-4.1. All collections were authorized by the 

National Parks and Wildlife Service, under Scientific Licence S13112. 

5. Results and Discussion 

Please note that results listed here reflect the species at that site at that time. Over 

time during different conditions different species or numbers may be present. 

5.1. Crustaceans 

5.1.1. Freshwater Crayfish. 

Only Euastacus australasiensis and Euastacus spinifer are recorded from the Gosford 

LGA, neither were known to occur within Wamberal Lagoon catchment and these two 

species were specifically searched for. Additionally, recent research indicates that many 

coastal habitats in NSW may contain two undescribed species of freshwater crayfish of 

genus Tenuibranchiurus and Gramastacus and these were also targeted. 

Figure 4. Euastacus spinifer Somersby 

Figure 5. Euastacus australasiensis Patonga 


Erina Creek Catchment 

Tuggerah Lakes Catchment 



Catchment 


Terrigal Lagoon Catchment 

Map 1 

Aerial Map 

Wamberal Lagoon Catchment 


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51°26' 151°27' 151°28' 

-33°24' 

-33°25' 

500 m 

MapSend Lite v.2.00e Beta (build 1303). Copyright © 2006 Thales Navigation, Inc. All rights reserved. 


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151°26' 151°27' 151°28' 

-33°24' 

-33°25' 

-33°26' 

1 km 

MapSend Lite v.2.00e Beta (build 1303). Copyright © 2006 Thales Navigation, Inc. All rights reserved. 


Figure 6. Lower Forresters Creek after lagoon opening. 

Both Wyong LGA to the north and Gosford LGA to the south represent a significant 

freshwater crayfish distribution area. Though the knowledge base is small there seems 

to be a cut off line, roughly running from Bateau Bay, through Narara and then up 

through Central Mangrove that represents a species distribution line with one species 

(Euastacus spinifer) occurring on both sides, two species (Cherax setosus & Gramastacus 

sp) only north of the line and one species (Euastacus australasiensis) only south of the 

line. This project will map that line and the distribution of these crayfish species along 

the line, and the surrounding region. A scientific manuscript on those findings is proposed. 

No crayfish were found close to the lake or in the lowland wetlands that flood periods 

may inundate with brackish water. Crayfish were discovered in the higher wetland 

areas that are never inundated with brackish water and this may be a concern with 

rising salt water levels due to climate change. 


5.1.2. Euastacus Crayfish 

Despite our best efforts we were unable to confirm the presence of either E. spinifer or 

E. australasiensis. It would be our conclusion that the area is unsuitable for both species 

as the tributary creek system is too small and without sufficient highland catchment to 

support the clean, clear permanently flowing creek systems preferred by these species. 

5.1.3. Gramastacus Crayfish 

Within the Wamberal Lagoon Nature Reserve an area of ephemeral swamp was surveyed 

both with scoop nets and baited traps (1POI004 & 1POI005). This area south of the 

Entrance & Crystal Roads had habitat areas (ephemeral swamps) that looked ideal for 

Gramastacus crayfish however for reasons unknown, crayfish were not present. 

Figure 7. Ephemeral Swamps Wamberal Lagoon Nature Reserve 


No Gramastacus crayfish were collected within any of the waterways, the first indications 

of crayfish activity was found in a small area of paperbark swamp along the western 

edge of Achibold Park (northern side Crystal St-southern side The Entrance Road)(Figure 

8). This area approximately 50m x 50m had scattered burrows through the forest floor 

that conformed to the “bore hole’ type known to be created by Gramastacus crayfish. 

However, despite extensive excavation of 3 burrow systems to a depth of 1m we were 

unable to confirm their presence in this area south of The Entrance Road (POI030, 

POI031 & POI032). This finding, however, inspired us to intensify our efforts in the 

surrounding area to find Gramastacus crayfish. 

Figure 8. Paperbark swamp - Crystal St 

Figure 9. Gramastacus burrows 

North of The Entrance Road is a low-lying wetland area and as it was flooded in 

May, scoop netting surveys of the flooded reeds were conducted. Initially, small 

juvenile crayfish were captured that indicated two separate species in the 

area. Further sampling finally captured adult specimens from only one small 

area 50m diameter and identification was confirmed. Two species of crayfish 

were in residence both in relatively small numbers. 

Figure 10. Wetlands north of the Entrance Road 


Figure 11. Flooded Wetlands 

Common Rush Swamps - North of the Entrance Road. 

Both Cherax destructor and Gramastacus sp inhabit the wetlands 

No Gambusia or other fish or eel species were in theses ephemeral swamps, 

massive numbers of frogs and tadpoles also share this area. 

Figure 12. Flooded Common Rush 


Firstly, Gramastacus sp was confirmed in the May survey (ACP Specimens 2924, 2925, 

2926, 2927 & 2928) (WT001, WT002 & WT003). Until recently Gramastacus crayfish were 

not known to occur in NSW, as the only described species Gramastacus insolitus is found 

900km away around the Grampian Region of Victoria and into South Australia. The 

Australian Crayfish Project has identified Gramastacus in NSW and is currently undertaking 

research on this species. To date Gramastacus species have been found from Tuggerah 

Lakes to Wallis Lake. This new population discovered in Wamberal Lagoon catchment 

represents a significant increase in the knowledge base for this species. This distribution 

represents the most southern distribution for this species. The habitat area consists of 

only two small areas less than 50m diameter each with low population densities in each. 

These two small remnant populations are extremely vulnerable and increasingly threatened 

as they occur on private land (currently undeveloped) and divided by the Entrance Road 

(a main arterial road). 

Figure 13. Gramastacus sp Wamberal Lagoon Catchment 

A follow-up survey utilizing baited traps was conducted in early June. This survey 

confirmed the presence of Gramastacus crayfish restricted to the one small area north 

of the Entrance Road (ACP Specimen 2983 & 2984). Two Gramastacus crayfish were 

captured in baited box traps, one was alive and well (1POI020), the other was killed by 

aggressive interactions with another species of Cherax crayfish also captured in the 

trap (1POI016). Additionally, another Gramastacus crayfish was seen outside one of the 

traps. (1POI019). 

This new species of Gramastacus crayfish is currently being described by Robert B 

McCormack (Research & Aquaculture Director, Australian Aquatic Biological P/L) and 

Professor Pierre Horwitz (Edith Cowan University, Western Australia). The significant 

information discovered in this survey will be included in that scientific manuscript. 


5.1.4. Cherax 

The Setose Yabby Cherax setosus is known to occur in the Tuggerah Lakes catchment in 

the Wyong LGA north of the survey area. Cherax setosus was not identified in this 

survey, confirming that the distribution of this species is restricted to Tuggerah drainage 

and drainages further north. 

Yabbies (Cherax destructor) were captured north of the Entrance Road in the low-lying 

wetland area. Yabbies were widely dispersed throughout this area, they are well 

entrenched and there to stay. The Yabby Cherax destructor is an invasive species that 

should not be east of the Great Divide and has been introduced to the area. This 

wetland area is private land with a huge population of tadpoles and frogs. The yabbies 

represent a direct threat to these species. Of more concern is that the yabbies are 

infesting the Gramastacus habitat areas and this larger, predatory and aggressive species 

has the potential to exterminate the remnant Gramastacus population. 

Yabbies were identified by their large burrow systems scattered throughout the area. 

Specimens were also captured in the May survey by scoop netting the deeper ponds, 

only one specimen was vouchered (ACP Specimen 2930). 

Figure 14. The Yabby Cherax destructor north of the Entrance Road 


In early June a trap survey was conducted over a 24 hour period. Being winter with cold 

water temperatures, catch numbers were small, however, results are a good indication 

of the distribution and size of animals in residence. Only two larger specimens were 

vouchered (ACP Specimen 2982 & 2985), however, another 18 crayfish were captured. 

Refer to Table 2. 

Cherax destructor 

Number Sex Weight 

Grams 

1. Male 38 

2. Male 80 

3. Male 54 

4. Aberrant 50 


6. Male 71 

7. Male 82 

8. Male 59 

9. Male 77 

10. Male 42 

11. Male 67 

12. Male 71 

13. Female 34 

14. Male 32 

15. Male 25 

16. Female 14 

17. Female 29 


Figure 15. Cherax destructor 

Figure 16. The cooked yabbies 

Table 2. Cherax destructor 

captured in June survey. 

These crayfish were removed from the environment and destroyed. (We cooked them 

up and they made a tasty treat). 

Figure 17. A Cherax destructor and Gramastacus sp captured together in the same trap. 


Figure 18. Atyidae shrimp 

5.1.5. Atyidae 

Shrimp (Paratya australiensis) were present, however, only exceptionally small numbers 

of Atyidae shrimp were captured in the May survey and this was surprising (only two 

specimens from one location ACP 2916). The number and distribution of this species I 

would consider exceptionally low. The reasons for this may be that the wetlands were 

flooded and shrimp may be distributed throughout the flooded grasses or it may well 

reflect the high numbers of fish and birds in the region that have dramatically consumed 

the available shrimp populations. This low number was considered an area of concern. 

In the June survey conducted after the opening of the Lagoon to the sea the water 

levels were dramatically reduced and a better indication of shrimp numbers could be 

ascertained. In June greater numbers of shrimp were present and well distributed along 

Forresters Creek. This may have been due to the reduced water levels or maybe due to 

restocking of shrimp directly from the Tasman Sea when the Lagoon was opened. Either 

way in June shrimp numbers were closer towards what we would expect to find. (ACP 

Specimens 2945, 2966, 2968, 2969, 2980 & 2989). 

Figure 19. Female with eggs Atyidae shrimp 


5.2. Fish Species 

5.2.1. Poeciliidae 

Large numbers of Mosquito Fish Gambusia holbrooki were captured at most sites and 

this species represents the main species with the widest distribution and largest biomass 

in the catchment. Gambusia holbrooki are an introduced species that is a major pest 

and is having devastating repercussions on our native species. They are live bearers 

protecting their eggs and young and an exceptionally robust species, surviving in 

conditions that will kill most native species. They eat the eggs and larvae of our native 

species and survive in both fresh and marine environments. 

Gambusia were captured along the full length of Forresters creek from the lake to the 

upper most regions and from all drains and feeder streams. Gambusia numbers were 

exceptionally high with densities of 12 to 112 per cubic mtr of water. In May as a flood 

conditions survey, inflowing water from roadside drains were common and this obviously 

attracted Gambusia and other native species. 

In June with reduced water levels and flows, the Gambusia numbers were still 

exceptionally high. One small box trap capturing 108 Gambusia, a frighteningly high 

number. The overwhelming numbers of Gambusia is considered a concern, though they 

are a food source for native species like the Flatheaded Gudgeons (stomach contents 

indicated Gambusia and shrimp as the main foodsource) and birds, etc., they do eat 

native fish eggs and larvae, dramatically reducing native species numbers in the area. 

Other pest and exotic fish species like swordtails, guppies, mollies, carp & goldfish were 

all absent from the catchment. Much of eastern NSW is impacted by these pest 

species and their absence in the catchment was fantastic news and very encouraging for 

the future health of the local environment and prosperity of the native aquatic fauna. 

Figure 20. Gambusia holbrooki “a typical scoop” 


5.2.2. Pseudomugilidae 

Pacific Blue-eyes (Pseudomugil signifier) were captured from Forresters Creek in the 

main stream bed along the edges, numbers were not high, however, the effort involved 

in collecting specimens was small and specimens were captured from different locations 

(ACP Specimens 2913, 2915, 2962 & 2970). 

Pacific Blue eyes are a native species and generally confused with Gambusia which are 

a similar size and shape. They are a coastal native species with colouration in their fins 

and a blue background to their eyes. 

Figure 21. Pacific Blue-eyes Pseudomugil signifer 

5.2.3. Anguilladae 

Freshwater Eels (Anguilla reinhardtii) were present along the full length of Forresters 

creek. A total of three traps were destroyed by eels during our 24 hour trap survey. Eels 

are common in coastal drainages and are expected in all permanent water areas. 

Figure 22. Longfin eel 


Figure 23. Box trap with 

99 Flathead Gudgeons 

Figure 24. Flathead Gudgeon Philypnodon grandiceps 

5.2.4. Eleotridae 

Flathead Gudgeons (Philypnodon grandiceps) were captured along the inflow drains and 

the main Creek. In May during flood conditions only a large gudgeon was captured in 

Forresters Creek, (ACP Specimen 2914) the gudgeon was very healthy and was captured 

in a scoop of 1m³ of water with 112 Gambusia captured in the same scoop. 

In June with reduced water levels the Gudgeon numbers were phenomenal. This was 

exceptionally encouraging to see so many large healthy gudgeons in the system. 

Flathead Gudgeons are a native species that tend to stay around the lower sections of 

streams, not penetrating far upstream. These Gudgeons were captured the full length 

of Forresters Creek from towards the Lagoon, to the creek crossing at the Entrance Road 

(1POI001, 1POI002, 1POI003, 1POI007, 1POI009, 1POI0010, 1POI011). They are a predatory 

species and will consume Gambusia and shrimp and just about anything they can fit into 

their large mouths. In one small box trap a total of 99 flathead gudgeon were captured 

(1POI003), this huge number represents another new record catch for the ACP and AABS 

and reflects the exceptionally good environmental condition of Forresters Creek and 

Wamberal Lagoon. A total of 124 flathead gudgeons were captured, seven were vouchered 

to examine stomach contents, etc, the balance released. 

Figure 25. Flathead Gudgeon Philypnodon grandiceps 


Striped Gudgeons (Gobiomorphus australis) were also captured in Forresters Creek. 

These Gudgeons were very large and very healthy with good numbers in the stream. 

The specimens captured were very dark in colouration and this was unusual as generally 

the species has a lighter body colour. 

Figure 26. 2 x Striped Gudgeons Gobiomorphus australis very dark colourations in Forresters Creek 

Figure 27. Striped Gudgeons Gobiomorphus australis 


5.3. Mollusca 

5.3.1. Hyriidae 

Freshwater mussels were not identified from the Wamberal catchment. Despite our 

best efforts we were unable to confirm the presence of any freshwater bi valves. We 

expect the small catchment and intermittent flow rates of feeder creeks is unsuitable 

for these species. 

5.3.2. Planorbidae 

Freshwater Snails Glyptophysa gibbosa were common at most sites and the shear numbers 

available were very exciting. These snails are a common native Australian species 

recorded widely from the eastern states. They can be distinguished from the similar 

planorbid species, Isidorella newcombi by possessing a columellar twist on the aperture. 

The shells of G. gibbosa are generally also more elongate than those of I. newcombi. 

Snails were most common within the bulrush and reed systems in the drains and the size 

of the specimens collected represent the largest ever recorded by the ACP & AABS from 

all sites across Australia to date (30mm long). Conditions for the snails must be exceptional 

for the numbers and size of the specimens. 

Additionally, no exotic freshwater snails were found within the system which was also 

a very good sign. 

Figure 28. Freshwater Snails Glyptophysa gibbosa 


5.4. Insect Larvae 

Mud eyes, beetles and bugs were common at most sites especially within the bulrush 

areas. 

5.5. Birds 

Birds were not a part of this survey, however, the shear number of bird and species 

utilizing the area is significant and deserves a mention. The whole area is a bird paradise 

and birds were active at all sites surveyed throughout the catchment. Huge numbers of 

ducks of various species were in the catchment. Pied Cormorants (Phalacrocorax 

melanoleucos) & Dusky Moorhens (Gallinula tenebrosa) were also common. Great Egrets 

(Ardea pacifica) & Little Bitterns (Ixobrychus minutus) Royal Spoonbills (Platalea regia) 

& White Faced Herons (Ardea novaehollandiae) were all seen along the waters edge to 

name just a few. Duck divers, pelicans, swans and sea gulls were common on the lagoon 

proper. 

Figure 29. Wamberal Lagoon bird life 

Figure 30. Wamberal Lagoon birds 


5.6. Vegetation 

Generally the catchment of Wamberal Lagoon was in a relatively healthy state without 

any large aquatic weed outbreaks. The roadside drains and tributary creeks are dominated 

by native Bulrush/Cumbungi (Typha spp.) with some small soft reeds, grasses and 

Nasturtium (Tropaeolum majus). 

The main stream Forresters Creek, south of the entrance road is within the Wamberal 

Lagoon Nature Reserve and the foreshores are dominated by Swamp Oak (Casuarina 

glauca) and Paperbarks (Melaleuca linariifolia and M. styphelioides). 

The catchment south of the Entrance road is further divided by Crystal Street with 

Residential land to the south and parkland (Archibold Park) and undeveloped land to the 

north. This undeveloped land is a swampy area comprising thick Paperbark forests with 

an understorey of saw grass and sedges Gahnia spp. This area represents a significant 

environmental area with Gramastacus burrows indicated in a 1.5 ha area adjacent to 

Archibold Park. 

The northern section of Wamberal catchment north of the entrance road consist of a 

low lying flat wetland area, dominated by sections of paperbark forest, reeds, tall saw 

sedges and long grasses. This area has numerous small drainage lines, ponds and 

depressions that pond and pool water, creating numerous ephemeral habitats. This 

section also has a small area approximately 1 ha in size comprising mostly common rush 

(Juncus sp) and surrounded by a mixture of various melaleucas that contains a population 

of Gramastacus crayfish. 

Feeding into this northern catchment area are a number of small creeks and drains 

mostly in residential areas that feed into the central wetland zone. Most of these 

smaller creeks and drains have Cumbungi growing in the shallow stream beds. This 

native species is beneficial in that it will slow flow rates, filter the water, trap nutrients, 

create habitat and its root system will hold the stream bed together limiting erosion if 

flash flood flows. 

At the end of Carbeen Road, was an outbreak of duckweed with scattered azolla thrown 

in, this was the only sign of duckweed in this catchment. Beside Carbeen Road on the 

northern side is a concrete drain that basically runs the full length of the road discharging 

water at the end of the road where the duckweed outbreak occurred. We commonly see 

this type of weed outbreak under these conditions; concrete drains tend to channel 

nutrients directly to the end of the drain without any filtering or nutrient absorption 

occurring along the way generating nutrient rich water at the end of the drain conducive 

to duckweed and azolla proliferation. 

No noxious or nasty aquatic weeds were identified from this catchment. Milfoil, Canadian 

pondweed, Salvinia, Alligator Weed & Water Hyacinth, etc., were all absent which was 

another exceptionally good news story. 


6. Field Notes. 

Survey sites were recorded on a Magellan 600 GPS. Additionally, at each survey site a 

survey sheet was filled in which recorded the following: 

1. Date. 

2. Grid reference. 

3. Location-Street address. 

4. GSP location (digital Longitude & Latitude). 

5. Height. 

6. Time. 

7. Mileage. 

8. Habitat description. 

9. Land use. 

10. Water flow/clarity/condition, etc. 

11. Aquatic plants. 

12. Species/collection methods. 

The following is the survey site information brief. 

Table 3 

Aquatic Biological Survey Sites 

Project 100056-1 

Wamberal Lagoon Catchment-Central Coast NSW 2010 

Creator Lati Longi Specimens Vegetation 

MapSend 

Lite -33.415933 151.455833 

MapSend 

Lite -33.4139 151.456917 

1-1 Spec 

2946,2945,2914,2913, 

2-1 signifer, gambus,shrimp, 

2915,2916,2917 

MapSend 

Lite -33.41265 151.4579 3-1 gam 2918,2919 

Height 

metres Name Symbol 

Side Creek drain, banks flooded grasses, mud 

banks & tre roots. Swamp Oaks, Paperbarks 

and tea trees- 0 POI001 

Forresters Crk, flooded grasses, mainly 

swamp oaks(signs of landcare/replanting in 

area) 0 POI002 

Side Creek drain, banks flooded grasses & 

nasturtiums bulrush in creek/drain. Swamp 

Oaks, Paperbarks with some lantana. 1 POI003 

Roadside drain, predominant bulrush, small 

soft reeds and nettles, nasturtiums along 

sides. 7 POI004 

Paper bark forest, saw grass and odd puddle 

otherwise dry 7 POI005 

Paper bark forest, saw grass and odd puddle 

otherwise dry 7 POI006 

Paper bark forest, grasses, remnents dope 

cultuvation. 7 POI007 

Shallow dirty drain, sediments & refuse, 

bullrush. 3 POI008 

Crossed 

Square 

Crossed 

Square 

Crossed 

Square 

MapSend 

Lite -33.412117 151.461333 

4-1DRAIN Gam 2920, snail 

2921,2922 

Crossed 

Square 

MapSend 

Gramastacus burrows in 

Crossed 

Lite -33.411717 151.460867 paperbark forest 

Square 

MapSend 

Gramastacus burrows in 

Crossed 

Lite -33.409617 151.460267 paperbark forest 

Square 

MapSend 

No sign burrows, dope 

Crossed 

Lite -33.41195 151.455983 cultivation area 

Square 

MapSend 

Crossed 

Lite -33.418167 151.447733 7-1 snail 2932, 2931 

Square 

MapSend 

Crossed 

Lite -33.424833 151.443133 8-1 Gambusia 2933 Flooded Grasses, some reeds 0 POI009 Square 

MapSend 

Crossed 

Lite -33.420733 151.44525 9-1 Gambusia 2934 Bullrushe at roadside 5 POI010 Square 

MapSend 

Gambusia (Few) Duck weed End concrete drain, bull rush with thick duck 

Crossed 

Lite -33.4111 151.454517 and bullrush 

weed plume 9 POI011 Square 

MapSend 

10-I Gambus-snail 

Crossed 

Lite -33.40685 151.45575 2935,2936 Drain, grass and nasrurtium 9 POI012 Square 

MapSend 

Crossed 

Lite -33.409417 151.4467 Nothing/suberbia Grazing paddocks-grass-fenced off 35 POI013 Square 

MapSend 

Gramastacus burrow system Paper bark forest, saw grass and odd puddle 

Crossed 

Lite -33.41135 151.460733 Dig 1m/nothing/need deeper otherwise dry 8 POI030 Square 

MapSend 


Crossed 

Lite -33.410933 151.460617 Excavate 1.2m/no go. otherwise dry 7 POI031 Square 

MapSend 


Crossed 

Lite -33.410083 151.460667 

otherwise dry 7 POI032 Square 

MapSend 

Destructor 2930 + Gram 

Crossed 

Lite -33.409548 151.459554 2925 Wetland, reeds, paperparks 9.8 WPT001 Square 

MapSend 

Crossed 

Lite -33.409597 151.459246 Gram 2924 2927 Wetland, reeds, paperparks 9.4 WPT002 Square 

MapSend 

Crossed 

Lite -33.409302 151.459128 Gram 2926 Wetland, reeds, paperparks 9.6 WPT003 Square 

MapSend 

Crossed 

Lite -33.408612 151.458658 snail 2923 Wetland, reeds, paperparks 9 WPT004 Square 

MapSend 

Crossed 

Lite -33.408046 151.458027 Destructor Wetland, reeds, paperparks 7 WPT005 Square 

MapSend 

Crossed 

Lite -33.407504 151.457792 Destructor Wetland, reeds, paperparks 7 WPT006 Square 

MapSend 

T1-Box trap ck 15xflathd 

Crossed 

Lite -33.415833 151.455817 guds, 108xGam, 1xBl spec Swamp Oaks, paperbarks scattered banksia. 2 1POI001 Square 

MapSend 

Crossed 

Lite -33.41595 151.455517 T2-Box Ck, 2xFlathd, 1xEel. Swamp Oaks, paperbarks scattered banksia. 6 1POI002 Square 


MapSend 

Lite -33.41585 151.4552 T3-99 x Flathd Gudgeons Swamp Oaks, paperbarks scattered banksia. 11 1POI003 

MapSend 

Lite -33.411967 151.458383 2T1-swamp nothing Swamp oaks, blady grass, normal grass 2 1POI004 

MapSend 

Lite -33.411617 151.458333 2T2-swamp nothing Swamp oaks, blady grass, normal grass 2 1POI005 

MapSend 

2T3-3xlarge stripped, gudg, 

Lite -33.41095 151.458683 17x gambusia Swamp Oaks, paperbarks scattered banksia. 2 1POI006 

MapSend 

2T4-Flathead gudgeon Spec 

Lite -33.411017 151.458533 2977 Swamp Oaks, paperbarks scattered banksia. 2 1POI007 

MapSend 

Lite -33.41105 151.458467 2T5-nothing-no reason Swamp Oaks, paperbarks scattered banksia. 10 1POI008 

MapSend 

Lite -33.4111 151.458517 2T6-2xFlathead gudgeons Swamp Oaks, paperbarks scattered banksia. 14 1POI009 

MapSend 

Lite -33.4112 151.458417 2T7-1xflathead gudgeon Swamp Oaks, paperbarks scattered banksia. 8 1POI010 

MapSend 

2T8-1large strip, 6 flathd, 

Lite -33.411417 151.458233 2xgam,shrimp, eel. Swamp Oaks, paperbarks scattered banksia. 1.5 1POI011 

MapSend 

Lite -33.41215 151.458 Gambusia in pond Ponds base Swamp Oaks/needle bottom 12 1POI012 

MapSend 

Lite -33.412467 151.457933 Gambusia drain Ponds base Swamp Oaks 9 1POI013 

MapSend 

Lite -33.4092 151.459567 3T1-O-2yabbs Wetland, reeds, common rush, paperparks 5 1POI014 

MapSend 

3T2-B-4 yabbs,1 gram dead 

Lite -33.40915 151.4594 eaten by yabbs. Wetland, reeds, common rush, paperparks 7 1POI016 

MapSend 

Lite -33.409183 151.459217 3T3-O-2xyabbs Wetland, reeds, common rush, paperparks 7 1POI017 

MapSend 

Lite -33.409183 151.459217 3T4-O-2 x yabbs Wetland, reeds, common rush, paperparks 9 1POI018 

MapSend 

3T5-B-4 x yabbs-saw 

Lite -33.409133 151.4592 gramastacus swim away Wetland, reeds, common rush, paperparks 10 1POI019 

MapSend 

3T6-B-4 x Destructor-gram 

Lite -33.409267 151.4589 2982, 2983 Wetland, reeds, common rush, paperparks 7 1POI020 

MapSend 

Lite -33.408383 151.458583 Destructor burrows Wetland, reeds, common rush, paperparks 0 1POI021 

MapSend 

Lite -33.4082 151.458367 Destructor burrows Wetland, reeds, common rush, paperparks 2 1POI022 

MapSend 

3T7-O-CREEK-destructor- 

Lite -33.4084 151.45805 2985 Wetland, reeds, common rush, paperparks 5 1POI023 

MapSend 

Lite -33.40815 151.4578 3T8-O- nothing Wetland, reeds, common rush, paperparks 0 1POI024 

MapSend 

Lite -33.408083 151.4578 3T9-O-nothing Wetland, reeds, common rush, paperparks 2 1POI025 

MapSend 

Lite -33.408 151.457817 3T10-O-1 x yabbs Wetland, reeds, common rush, paperparks 6 1POI026 

MapSend 

Lite -33.402083 151.461633 Gambusia-3xShrimp Cumbungi, soft reeds 6 1POI034 

MapSend 

Lite -33.40035 151.467583 CREEK/DRAIN Rock and grass 22 1POI035 

MapSend 

Flathead Gudgeon, inside 

Lite -33.415909 151.45582 towel in crk Mud/rock banks with discarded towel in crk 5.5 1WPT001 

MapSend 

Lite -33.412584 151.458023 Scoop drain 26 x Gambusia Grass, cumbungi, nasturtiums 8.5 1WPT002 

MapSend 

Side drain-soft reed 

Lite -33.410798 151.458867 gambusis, snails Soft reed, cumbungi-rock retain walls 7.9 1WPT003 

MapSend 

scoop crk, 13xshrimp below 

Lite -33.410952 151.458566 rock weir Swamp oaks, earthen banks, grass 7.5 1WPT004 

MapSend 

Scoop crk, 5xGambusia, 

Lite -33.411278 151.458353 2xShrimp Swamp oaks, earthen banks, grass 7.3 1WPT005 

Crossed 

Square 

Crossed 

Square 

Crossed 

Square 

Crossed 

Square 

Crossed 

Square 

Crossed 

Square 

Crossed 

Square 

Crossed 

Square 

Crossed 

Square 

Crossed 

Square 

Crossed 

Square 

Crossed 

Square 

Crossed 

Square 

Crossed 

Square 

Crossed 

Square 

Crossed 

Square 

Crossed 

Square 

Crossed 

Square 

Crossed 

Square 

Crossed 

Square 

Crossed 

Square 

Crossed 

Square 

Crossed 

Square 

Crossed 

Square 

Crossed 

Square 

Crossed 

Square 

Crossed 

Square 

Crossed 

Square 

Crossed 

Square 

Crossed 

Square 

Figure 32. Forresters Creek in June after the opening to Sea - lower water levels than normal 


Figure 33. Forresters Creek - flowing into Wamberal Lagoon through Wamberal Nature Reserve 

Figure 34. Bulrush/Cumbungi lined drains along Crystal Street between Achibold Park and road. 


Figure 35. Cumbungi & Duckweed Carbeen Road 

Figure 36. Duckweed Carbeen Road 


7. Conclusion 

The presence of Gramastacus crayfish is a good thing and the protection of this species 

must be a priority. Additionally, the presence of Cherax destructor an invasive species 

must be considered a serious threat to the whole ecology of Wamberal Lagoon catchment 

and serious attention needs to be dedicated to this alarming threat. Across NSW the 

translocation of invasive Cherax crayfish is having damaging affects to the endemic 

species. Tadpoles and frogs are specifically susceptible to Cherax crayfish invasions and 

the outbreak area is an established frog habitat area so considerable damage is expected 

to the frog populations in this area. 

For a small lagoon in an increasingly urban setting, Wamberal Lagoon is presently in 

very good ecological condition. Across the board, all specimens of all species sampled 

were large, fat and healthy with excellent population numbers. As a whole the catchment 

was very good with significantly noticeable work being completed in the area by local 

environmental/landcare/bushcare groups. Not sure who is doing the work but they 

must be congradulated as they are doing an excellent job. Lantana and weeds in most 

of the catchment where absent or when present under control or being removed. Large 

numbers of new native plantings were noticeable and the whole area south of the 

Entrance Road was clean, neat, tidy and a showcase for other areas in the LGA. 

Aquatic noxious weeds were absent and the water in all tributaries, ponds and streams 

was not noticeably polluted or carrying high nutrient loads. At no time was I concerned 

about sampling the waters of this catchment, it was a pleasure to work in this scenic 

and serene location. 

8. Recommendations 

A more intensive survey to ascertain the full distribution of Gramastacus crayfish in the 

area should be instigated. If this survey confirms that these 2 small 50 m diameter sites 

are the only habitat areas, then action should be implemented immediately to investigate 

the possibility to include these areas with the Wamberal Lagoon Nature Reserve or 

create other conservation reserve areas. 

The same survey should identify the distribution of the invasive Cherax destructor in 

the areas and a program instigated to limit or remove the infestation. The instigation 

of a control or elimination program for the invasive Cherax crayfish must be a priority 

before the problem spreads throughout the surrounding area to the detriment of the 

local ecology. 

The numbers of exotic Gambusia in the area could also be easily tackled by local 

community, conservation or landcare groups. Gambusia specific traps that are low cost 

can be set, tens of thousands of Gambusia captured and humanely disposed of. 


There are aquatic species in NSW that have yet to be described that could be at serious 

risk from the spreading of Cherax destructor and urgent funding & research for both 

taxonomy and exotic species interactions is required. 

9. Acknowledgements 

Unless otherwise referenced, information presented on Wamberal Lagoon NSW has arisen 

from recent biological surveys undertaken as part of the broader Australian Crayfish 

Project & Australian Aquatic Biological Survey and we are thankful to Australian Aquatic 

Biological Pty Ltd for sponsoring that work and for providing access to laboratory and 

field equipment. 

Sponsorship for the Wamberal Lagoon project was supported by Gosford City Council 

under the Ecological Research Grants Program 2010 and we are thankful to Gosford City 

Council and Michael Ebert, Environment Officer | Education and Compliance. 

Our thanks to Dr Stephen Keable, Collection Manager, Marine Invertebrates (Natural 

Science Collections) Australian Museum, for his help, support and assistance with making 

the Australia Museum collection available for study. Also Helen and Rodger for all the 

work I keep creating for them, I really do appreciate all your efforts, much thanks. 

Thanks also to Janet Waterhouse, Australian Museum for assistance with the 

confirmation of identification of the freshwater snails in the Gosford LGA. 

All collections were authorized by the NSW Department of Industry and Investment 

under Scientific Collection Permit P05/0077-4.1. Special thanks to Bill Talbot (Director, 

Fisheries and Aquaculture) for organizing our permit. 

All collections were authorized by the National Parks and Wildlife Service, under Scientific 

Licence S13112. 


10. References: 

Allen, G.R., Midgley, S.H., Allen, M., “Field Guide to the Freshwater Fishes of 

Australia”. Western Australian Museum, Perth, WA. ISBN 0-7307-5486-3. 

Australian Crayfish Project, 2005 – 2010. Collection records c/- Australian Aquatic Biological 

Pty Ltd, Karuah NSW Australia. 

Coughran, J., McCormack, R.B., Daly, G. 2009. Translocation of the Yabby, Cherax 

destructor, into eastern drainages of New South Wales, Australia. Australian Zoologist. 

Vol 35 (1). 

Hawking, J.H., Smith, F.J., “Colour Guide to Invertebrates of Australian Inland Waters”. 

Co-operative Research Centre for Freshwater Ecology, Albury, NSW. ISBN 1-876144-09-2. 

McCormack, R.B. Horwitz, P. (in prep). Gramastacus n. sp. (Decapoda: Parastacidae): A 

new species of freshwater crayfish from coastal New South Wales, Australia. (Peerreviewed 

scientific journal article). 

McCormack, R.B. Horwitz, P. Coughran, J. (in prep). Conservation of Imperilled Crayfish 

– Gramastacus sp. nov. (decapoda: parastacidae), a lowland coastal crayfish from the 

central & mid north coast, New South Wales, Australia. (Peer-reviewed scientific journal 

article). 

McCormack, RB. 2008 “The Freshwater Crayfish of NSW Australia” Australian Aquatic 

Biological Pty Ltd, Karuah, NSW. ISBN 978-0-9805144-1-4 

Merrick, J.R., Schmida, G.E., “Australian Freshwater Fishes, Biology & Management”. 

ISBN 0-9591908-0-5. 

Robinson, L., “Field Guide to the Native Plants of Sydney”. Kangaroo Press, Kenthurst, 

NSW. ISBN 0-86417-639-2. 

Wamberal Lagoon, Factsheet W11(1/05), Gosford City Council, Natural Resources Unit, 

9th Floor - Administration Building, 49 Mann Street (PO Box 21), GOSFORD NSW 2250. 

© Australian Aquatic Biological Pty Ltd 2010 


This Report Prepared 

for 

Gosford City Council 

By 

Robert B McCormack 

……………………………………………………………………………….. 

30/06/2010 

……………………………………………. 

Research Director 

Australian Aquatic Biological Pty Ltd 

30 th June 2010 


Collecti 

Weight 

STATE or 

Family Genus Species Collector's ID Note Sex 

OCL (mm) 

on ID # 

(g) 

TERRITORY 

COUNTRY LOCALITY LATITUDE LONGITUDE ALTITUDE COLLECTION DATE COLLECTOR(S) Vouchered OTHER NOTES 

2913 Psuedomugilidae Psuedomugil signifer pacific blue eye mix NSW Australia Forresters Creek, end Lavina Ave (Wamberal Lagoon Catchment) 33.41594 151.45584 0 26‐May‐2010 RB McCormack Yes Large scoop 

2914 Eleotridae Philypnodon grandiceps flat headed gudgeon mix NSW Australia Forresters Creek, end Lavina Ave (Wamberal Lagoon Catchment) 33.41594 151.45584 0 26‐May‐2010 RB McCormack Yes Large scoop 

2915 Psuedomugilidae Psuedomugil signifer pacific blue eye mix NSW Australia Forresters Creek, Malkana St, opp Binang Ave (Wamberal Lagoon Catchment) 33.41390 151.45691 0 26‐May‐2010 RB McCormack Yes rake 

2916 Atyidae Paratya australiensis shrimp mix x 2 NSW Australia Forresters Creek, Malkana St, opp Binang Ave (Wamberal Lagoon Catchment) 33.41390 151.45691 0 26‐May‐2010 RB McCormack Yes rake 

2917 Poeciliidae Gambusia holbrooki mosquito fish mix x 41 NSW Australia Forresters Creek, Malkana St, opp Binang Ave (Wamberal Lagoon Catchment) 33.41390 151.45691 0 26‐May‐2010 RB McCormack Yes rake 

2918 Poeciliidae Gambusia holbrooki mosquito fish mix x 68 NSW Australia Forresters Creek, Malkana St, (Wamberal Lagoon Catchment) 33.41265 151.45790 1 26‐May‐2010 RB McCormack Yes scoop 

2919 Lymnaedae Austropeplea tomentosa snail mix x 2 NSW Australia Forresters Creek, Malkana St, (Wamberal Lagoon Catchment) 33.41265 151.45790 1 26‐May‐2010 RB McCormack Yes scoop 

2920 Poeciliidae Gambusia holbrooki mosquito fish mix x 25 NSW Australia Roadside drain between Crystal st & Archibold Park(Wamberal Lagoon Catchment) 33.41211 151.46134 7 26‐May‐2010 RB McCormack Yes rake 

2921 Lymnaedae Austropeplea tomentosa snail mix x 6 NSW Australia Roadside drain between Crystal st & Archibold Park(Wamberal Lagoon Catchment) 33.41211 151.46134 7 26‐May‐2010 RB McCormack Yes scoop 

2922 Lymnaedae Austropeplea tomentosa snail mix x 5 NSW Australia Roadside drain between Crystal st & Archibold Park(Wamberal Lagoon Catchment) 33.41211 151.46134 7 26‐May‐2010 RB McCormack Yes scoop 

2923 Lymnaedae Austropeplea tomentosa snail mix x 5 NSW Australia Wetland west of Bakali Rd,(Wamberal Lagoon Catchment) 33.40862 151.45867 9 26‐May‐2010 RB McCormack Yes scoop 

2924 Parastacidae Gramastacus sp freshwater crayfish mix x 3 NSW Australia Wetland west of Bakali Rd,(Wamberal Lagoon Catchment) 33.40960 151.45925 9 26‐May‐2010 RB McCormack Yes scoop 

2925 Parastacidae Gramastacus sp freshwater crayfish mix x 2 NSW Australia Wetland west of Bakali Rd,(Wamberal Lagoon Catchment) 33.40955 151.45955 10 26‐May‐2010 RB McCormack Yes scoop 

2926 Parastacidae Gramastacus sp freshwater crayfish m 4 15.57 NSW Australia Wetland west of Bakali Rd,(Wamberal Lagoon Catchment) 33.40930 151.45913 10 26‐May‐2010 RB McCormack Yes scoop 

2927 Parastacidae Gramastacus sp freshwater crayfish m 1.5 8.7 NSW Australia Wetland west of Bakali Rd,(Wamberal Lagoon Catchment) 33.40960 151.45925 9 26‐May‐2010 RB McCormack Yes scoop 

2928 Parastacidae Gramastacus sp freshwater crayfish m 3 14.35 NSW Australia Wetland west of Bakali Rd,(Wamberal Lagoon Catchment) 33.40930 151.45913 10 26‐May‐2010 RB McCormack Yes scoop 

2930 Parastacidae Cherax destructor yabby m 7 23.14 NSW Australia Wetland west of Bakali Rd,(Wamberal Lagoon Catchment) 33.40955 151.45955 10 26‐May‐2010 RB McCormack Yes 

2931 mudeye NSW Australia Drain Tall Timbers Road, (Wamberal Lagoon Catchment) 33.41817 151.44773 3 26‐May‐2010 RB McCormack Yes rake 

2932 Lymnaedae Austropeplea tomentosa snail mix x 9 NSW Australia Drain Tall Timbers Road, (Wamberal Lagoon Catchment) 33.41817 151.44773 3 26‐May‐2010 RB McCormack Yes rake 

2933 Poeciliidae Gambusia holbrooki mosquito fish mix x 62 NSW Australia Drain Ocean View Drv, (Wamberal Lagoon Catchment) 33.42484 151.44314 0 26‐May‐2010 RB McCormack Yes rake 

2934 Poeciliidae Gambusia holbrooki mosquito fish mix x 9 NSW Australia Drain/Crk Blue Bell Drv, (Wamberal Lagoon Catchment) 33.42073 151.44525 5 26‐May‐2010 RB McCormack Yes scoop 

2935 Poeciliidae Gambusia holbrooki mosquito fish mix x 1 NSW Australia Drain end Warranbool St, (Wamberal Lagoon Catchment) 33.40685 151.45574 9 26‐May‐2010 RB McCormack Yes scoop 

2936 Lymnaedae Austropeplea tomentosa snail mix x 4 NSW Australia Drain end Warranbool St, (Wamberal Lagoon Catchment) 33.40685 151.45574 9 26‐May‐2010 RB McCormack Yes scoop 

2945 Atyidae Paratya australiensis shrimp 1 NSW Australia Forresters Creek, end Lavina Ave (Wamberal Lagoon Catchment) 33.41594 151.45584 0 26‐May‐2010 RB McCormack Yes Large scoop 

2946 Poeciliidae Gambusia holbrooki mosquito fish mix x 112 NSW Australia Forresters Creek, end Lavina Ave (Wamberal Lagoon Catchment) 33.41594 151.45584 0 26‐May‐2010 RB McCormack Yes Large scoop 

2959 Eleotridae Philypnodon grandiceps flat headed gudgeon mix NSW Australia Forresters Creek, end Lavina Ave (Wamberal Lagoon Catchment) 33.41592 151.45582 0 9‐Jun‐2010 RB McCormack Yes hand 

2960 Poeciliidae Gambusia holbrooki mosquito fish mix x 108 NSW Australia Forresters Creek, end Lavina Ave (Wamberal Lagoon Catchment) 33.41583 151.45582 0 10‐Jun‐2010 RB McCormack Yes trap 

2961 Eleotridae Philypnodon grandiceps flat headed gudgeon mix x 2 NSW Australia Forresters Creek, end Lavina Ave (Wamberal Lagoon Catchment) 33.41583 151.45582 0 10‐Jun‐2010 RB McCormack Yes trap 

2962 Psuedomugilidae Psuedomugil signifer pacific blue eye mix x 2 NSW Australia Forresters Creek, end Lavina Ave (Wamberal Lagoon Catchment) 33.41583 151.45582 0 10‐Jun‐2010 RB McCormack Yes trap 

2963 Poeciliidae Gambusia holbrooki mosquito fish mix x 26 NSW Australia Side drain, Malkana Ave, Wamberal (Wamberal Lagoon Catchment) 33.41258 151.45802 1 9‐Jun‐2010 RB McCormack Yes trap 

2964 Poeciliidae Gambusia holbrooki mosquito fish mix x 11 NSW Australia Wamberal Nature Reserve, side stream beside Entrance Rd (Wamberal Lagoon Catchment) 33.41080 151.45887 2 9‐Jun‐2010 RB McCormack Yes trap 

2965 Lymnaedae Austropeplea tomentosa snail mix NSW Australia Wamberal Nature Reserve, side stream beside Entrance Rd (Wamberal Lagoon Catchment) 33.41080 151.45887 2 9‐Jun‐2010 RB McCormack Yes rake 

2966 Atyidae Paratya australiensis shrimp 10 NSW Australia Wamberal Nature Reserve, Forresters Crk near Entrance Rd (Wamberal Lagoon Catchment) 33.41095 151.45857 2 9‐Jun‐2010 RB McCormack Yes rake 

2967 Poeciliidae Gambusia holbrooki mosquito fish mix x 5 NSW Australia Wamberal Nature Reserve, Forresters Crk (Wamberal Lagoon Catchment) 33.41128 151.45835 1 9‐Jun‐2010 RB McCormack Yes rake 

2968 Atyidae Paratya australiensis shrimp 10 NSW Australia Wamberal Nature Reserve, Forresters Crk (Wamberal Lagoon Catchment) 33.41128 151.45835 1 9‐Jun‐2010 RB McCormack Yes rake 

2975 Eleotridae Gobiomorphus australis striped gudgeon mix x 1 NSW Australia Wamberal Nature Reserve, side stream beside Entrance Rd (Wamberal Lagoon Catchment) 33.41095 151.45868 2 10‐Jun‐2010 RB McCormack Yes trap 

2976 Eleotridae Gobiomorphus australis striped gudgeon mix x 1 NSW Australia Wamberal Nature Reserve, side stream beside Entrance Rd (Wamberal Lagoon Catchment) 33.41095 151.45868 2 10‐Jun‐2010 RB McCormack Yes trap 

2977 Eleotridae Philypnodon grandiceps flat headed gudgeon mix NSW Australia Wamberal Nature Reserve, Forresters Crk (Wamberal Lagoon Catchment) 33.41102 151.45853 2 10‐Jun‐2010 RB McCormack Yes trap 

2978 Eleotridae Philypnodon grandiceps flat headed gudgeon mix x 2 NSW Australia Wamberal Nature Reserve, Forresters Crk (Wamberal Lagoon Catchment) 33.41142 151.45823 1.5 10‐Jun‐2010 RB McCormack Yes trap 

2979 Eleotridae Gobiomorphus australis striped gudgeon mix x 1 NSW Australia Wamberal Nature Reserve, Forresters Crk (Wamberal Lagoon Catchment) 33.41142 151.45823 1.5 10‐Jun‐2010 RB McCormack Yes trap 

2980 Atyidae Paratya australiensis shrimp mix x 1 NSW Australia Wamberal Nature Reserve, Forresters Crk (Wamberal Lagoon Catchment) 33.41142 151.45823 1.5 10‐Jun‐2010 RB McCormack Yes trap 

2981 Poeciliidae Gambusia holbrooki mosquito fish mix x 1 NSW Australia Wamberal Nature Reserve, Forresters Crk (Wamberal Lagoon Catchment) 33.41142 151.45823 1.5 10‐Jun‐2010 RB McCormack Yes trap 

2982 Parastacidae Cherax destructor yabby m 101 58.22 NSW Australia Wetland west of Bakali Rd,(Wamberal Lagoon Catchment) 33.40927 151.45890 7 10‐Jun‐2010 RB McCormack Yes trap 

2983 Parastacidae Gramastacus sp freshwater crayfish m 4 17.36 NSW Australia Wetland west of Bakali Rd,(Wamberal Lagoon Catchment) 33.40927 151.45890 7 10‐Jun‐2010 RB McCormack Yes box trap 

2984 Parastacidae Gramastacus sp freshwater crayfish m NSW Australia Wetland west of Bakali Rd,(Wamberal Lagoon Catchment) 33.40915 151.45940 7 10‐Jun‐2010 RB McCormack Yes trap 

2985 Parastacidae Cherax destructor yabby m 102 56.44 NSW Australia Wetland west of Bakali Rd,(Wamberal Lagoon Catchment) 33.40840 151.45805 7 10‐Jun‐2010 RB McCormack Yes trap 

2988 Poeciliidae Gambusia holbrooki mosquito fish mix x 8 NSW Australia Creek/drain beside Bakali Rd, Wamberal (Wamberal Lagoon Catchment) 33.40208 151.46163 10.5 10‐Jun‐2010 RB McCormack Yes scoop 

2989 Atyidae Paratya australiensis shrimp mix x 2 NSW Australia Creek/drain beside Bakali Rd, Wamberal (Wamberal Lagoon Catchment) 33.40208 151.46163 10.5 10‐Jun‐2010 RB McCormack Yes scoop 

APPENDIX A WAMBERAL LAGOON SPECIMEN RECORD

Wamberal Lagoon Catchment Aquatic Survey Final Report (PDF ...

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