The Uganda Atlas - GRID-Arendal

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Chapter 2: Uganda’s Changing Environment...................................................57 Increase in Agriculture................................................................................................................... 57 Kiruhura............................................................................................................................. 58 Karamoja........................................................................................................................... 60 Kibimba Rice Scheme............................................................................................................. 62 Deforestation............................................................................................................................. 64 Mabira Forest Reserve............................................................................................................ 64 Nakasongola........................................................................................................................ 68 Budongo Forest Reserve ......................................................................................................... 70 Decreased fire fronts...................................................................................................... 72 Katugo Forest Reserve............................................................................................................ 74 Mwenge and Mafuga Forest reserves........................................................................................... 76 Pader Refugee Camp.............................................................................................................. 78 Kooki Hills area.................................................................................................................... 80 Origin of lake Kijanebalola and River Rwizi –Bukora system........................................................ 84 Mount Elgon National Park....................................................................................................... 86 Wetlands degradation.................................................................................................................... 90 Lake Wamala....................................................................................................................... 90 Wetlands degradation..................................................................................................... 90 Lake Bunyonyi – Iyamuliro wetland............................................................................................. 92 Lake Bunyonyi...................................................................................................................... 94 Lake Mutanda...................................................................................................................... 96 Laropi-Moyo lakes................................................................................................................100 Teso region flooding.....................................................................................................................104 Kampala ..............................................................................................................................106 Urbanization and industrialization.............................................................................................106 Kampala’s changing environment .............................................................................................108 Impact of the changing environment .........................................................................................126 Water quality......................................................................................................................127 Positive impacts Kampala’s changing environment.........................................................................128 Chapter 3: Transboundary and Cross-border Environmental Issues in Uganda........133 Mt. Rwenzori.............................................................................................................................136 Glaciers, Global warming, disappearing, ice caps, reduced stream water..............................................136 Mt. Rwenzori.............................................................................................................................138 Eroded river banks of river Semliki............................................................................................138 Expansion of shoreline to increased siltation of Lake Albert..............................................................139 Changing river course of the River Semliki...................................................................................140 Kagera River..............................................................................................................................142 Siltation of Lake Victoria........................................................................................................142 Lake Victoria…....................................................................................................................144 Lake Kyoga ..............................................................................................................................146 Sudds and blockage of the River Nile on Lake Kyoga.......................................................................148 Deforestation of Kasyoha-Kitomi Forest Reserves..................................................................................150 Impact of refugee settlements in West Nile.........................................................................................152 Rhino Refugee camp.............................................................................................................152 ii
Chapter 4: Tracking Environmental Sustainability...........................................155 Uganda’s economy......................................................................................................................156 Uganda’s MDG status....................................................................................................................157 Millenium Development Goals.........................................................................................................158 MDG 7: Ensure Environmental Sustainability.................................................................................160 Green House Gas Emissions............................................................................................................161 Environmental sustainability at regional level......................................................................................163 Population Growth......................................................................................................................167 Literacy rate.............................................................................................................................168 Rural Migration...........................................................................................................................169 Tourism and Environment..............................................................................................................170 Science and technology................................................................................................................171 Land use and landcover................................................................................................................172 Forest loss ..............................................................................................................................173 Forest reserves...........................................................................................................................174 Forests by district.......................................................................................................................175 Fisheries ............................................................................................................................…177 Latrine coverage.......................................................................................................................…178 Access to energy ......................................................................................................................…179 Energy for cooking....................................................................................................................…180 Per capita arable land by region......................................................................................................181 Arable land ...........................................................................................................................….182 Chapter 5: Key findings and Recommendations.............................................183 Special features.........................................................................................................................186 Wildlife.............................................................................................................................187 Biodiversity........................................................................................................................189 World Environment Day celebrations..........................................................................................191 Areas of interest................................................................................................................…192 Impacts on our environment..................................................................................................…195 Places of worship...............................................................................................................…196 Cultural aspects................................................................................................................…197 Traditional aspects.............................................................................................................…198 Unique innovations and appearances........................................................................................…199 Crater lakes in Uganda.................................................................................................................200 Editorial and Production Team......................................................................................................................201 Acknowledgements ..............................................................................................................................201 Acronyms ..............................................................................................................................202 References ..............................................................................................................................203 Index ..............................................................................................................................204 iii
Page 1: U G A N D A Atlas of Our Changing E
Page 4 and 5: © 2009, National Enviornment Manag
Page 8 and 9: Foreword Hon. Maria Mutagamba MINIS
Page 10 and 11: Sunset over Europe and Africa A dig
Page 12 and 13: The beautiful ridges landscape in K
Page 14 and 15: Wekesa George (S4. Seeta High Schoo
Page 16 and 17: Geology Kilometres ) Atlas of Ugand
Page 18 and 19: Climate Uganda experiences moderate
Page 20 and 21: Rainfall distribution Kilometres At
Page 22 and 23: Climatic zones Zone 1: Lake Victori
Page 24 and 25: Water Resources NEMA 2006 NEMA 2008
Page 26 and 27: Lake Water Levels Lake Victoria hig
Page 28 and 29: River Basins, Lakes and Wetlands NE
Page 30 and 31: Drainage NEMA 2008 Kilometres Direc
Page 32 and 33: Ground water Simondwa 2006 Credit..
Page 34 and 35: Land cover / Land use Legend CLASS
Page 36 and 37: Land use Terraced gardens and inten
Page 38 and 39: Wetlands: about 33,000 km 2 ; 13% o
Page 40 and 41: Ramsar Convention Name of Ramsar si
Page 42 and 43: Wetlands: importance and uses Ugand
Page 44 and 45: Wetlands: threats Indiscriminate du
Page 46 and 47: Wetlands: interventions NEMA 2007 N
Page 48 and 49: Plant a tree for the future: A girl
Page 50 and 51: Forests NEMA 2009 An early morning
Page 52 and 53: Conservation areas: Protected areas
Page 54 and 55: Uganda Wildlife Authority (UWA) 200
Page 56 and 57:
Uganda Wildlife Authority (UWA) 200
Page 58 and 59:
Soils: General status Soils Acric F
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Soils: Agro-Ecological Zones Agro-E
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Agro-Ecological Rainfall Minimum Al
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Energy: Hydro electric power NEMA (
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Energy: different sources of energy
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NEMA file photo (2008) Kasese Cobal
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More pictures of Game parks /wildli
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K I R U Kiruhura 1990 NEMA file pho
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Karamoja Karamoja Increase in agric
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Kibimba Rice Scheme Ten years ago,
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a Mabira 2001 Mabira forest 2001 Ma
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Part of the Mabira Tropical High Fo
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Katuugo Forest 1990, Nakasongola Di
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I 70 Budongo Forest Reserve Decreas
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Budongo fire fronts 2002 Budongo fi
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u g o u g o 74 Katuugo Forest Reser
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76 Mwenge - Mafuga Forest Reserves
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Rhino camp 1975 78 Pader Refugee ca
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Kooki Hills Area Degraded hills The
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Rakai District Local Administration
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Rakai District Local Administration
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Budongo Forest 1974 Mt. Elgon Natio
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NEMA 2008 Dawn at the Mt. Elgon Ran
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Lake Wamala Wetland degradation Lak
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NEMA 2007 Kabale-Iyamuriro wetland
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Aerial view of Kabale-Iyamuriro wet
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Lake Mutanda Rapid silting and wetl
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District State of Environment Repor
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Laropi- Moyo lakes/ lagoons Floods
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Bridge before 1998 floods Bridge af
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Teso region Flooding The northern p
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Kampala Urbanisation and industrial
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Kampala City (2005) Kampala City (2
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. . . . . 110
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Naguru-Kololo in 1959 In 1959, Kamw
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Bugolobi in 1959 Unplanned settleme
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. Clock T Flood prone area at Clock
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Bwaise . 118 Construction in the Ns
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. 120 Construction in waterways at
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Namuwongo . Construction of houses
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Naguru Housing Estate Nakawa market
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Biomass Land use/land cover Land us
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Positive impacts of Kampala’s cha
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A NEMA 2008 Some of the landmarks i
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132 NEMA 2008
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NEMA 2008 Mt. Elgon borders Uganda
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Changes in glacial extent: Rwenzori
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River Semliki Eroded banks of River
Page 154 and 155:
NEMA 2006 NEMA 2007 NEMA 2007 A her
Page 156 and 157:
142 Kagera River Siltation of Lake
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144 Lake Victoria Green algae bloom
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AA 146 Lake Kyoga Shallow lake, uns
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NEMA 2006 NEMA staff and Lira Distr
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150 Kasyoha- Kitomi Forest Reserve
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Location of Yoro Location of Yoro 1
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NEMA 2007 Misuse of seasonal wetlan
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Uganda’s economy More than 73% of
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Millennium Development Goals (MDGs)
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MDG 7: Ensure Environmental Sustain
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The 2000-2005 growth rate in Africa
Page 178 and 179:
John Gibbons: Uganda At A Glance 20
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Literacy rate Literacy rates for th
Page 182 and 183:
Tourism and the Environment Tourist
Page 184 and 185:
Land use and land cover Over 36 per
Page 186 and 187:
Forest Reserves Central Forest Rese
Page 188 and 189:
and Ntungamo had the percentage of
Page 190 and 191:
Latrine Coverage The use of proper
Page 192 and 193:
Energy for cooking in 2005-2006 Ene
Page 194 and 195:
Arable land Almost all Uganda’s l
Page 196 and 197:
Recommendations 1. Efforts to reduc
Page 198 and 199:
NEMA 2006 184 Kika Group, a local d
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Wildlife Where is my food- The Gira
Page 202 and 203:
Biodiversity NEMA 2006 NEMA 2008 Ec
Page 204 and 205:
Areas of interest Houses of Parliam
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Nature A modern country homestead n
Page 208 and 209:
Places of worship Namirembe Cathedr
Page 210 and 211:
Traditional aspects Gisu Imbalu (ci
Page 212 and 213:
Crater lakes in Uganda 198
Page 214 and 215:
Acronyms AEZ AIDS AKDN AKFED AMCOW
Page 216 and 217:
Index A Abim 60,181 Abstraction 18
Page 218 and 219:
Montane forests 90 Moon x Moroto 60
Page 220:
The Uganda Atlas of Our Changing En
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The Uganda Atlas - GRID-Arendal

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