The Cultural Heritage Risk Map – Israel

The Cultural Heritage Risk Map – Israel
ACRE, 17 December 2012
2
Michael Cohen, Israel Antiquities Authority Conservation Department
mic401@bezeqint.net
http://www.iaa-conservation.org.il/index_eng.asp
Israel Risk Map

Risk map objectives
• State of art
• Management tool based on knowledge
• Possible priorities for action
• Coordination
• A tool to raise the awareness
The Great Rift
Valley
• Guidelines for risk preparedness
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2009 Launch
Study
Methodology
2011 Model -
Risk assessment
Pilot
Risk assessment in Archaeological Sites
Verification
Evaluation
Training
2012 Execution
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Initiative
The Italian Risk Map – a model for inspiration VS The reality
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Inspiration …..
PRINCIPLES for our RISK MAP
SIMPLE - simplified model, open to upgrade
SUPPORT - by external expertise ( Padova Uni. Italy, Niker project)
KNOWN CRITERIA - existing parameters
WIDESPREAD - collaboration with all key players
SUSTAINABLE - based on internal sources / capacities
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Parameters for Selected Sites.
Height
Value/important
Seismic danger
3.5
3
2.5
>4m
2
1.5
1

Final results of sites evaluation according the 3 parameters:
Location, Value/important, Height
Seismic
ScoreLocation
12
12
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
10
10
10
10
10
9
4
4
3
3
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
3
3
3
2
3
Value
5
5
5
5
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
5
4
Height
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
NY NX SY SX
5820 2350 5790 2330
00 00 00 00
7702 2542 7686 2525
00 00 50 00
7604 2089 7580 2064
00 00 00 00
7220 2180 7210 2170
00 00 00 00
7140 2410 7130 2400
00 00 00 00
7470 2459 7465 2452
00 00 00 00
7130 2490 7110 2460
00 00 00 00
7230 2500 7220 2490
00 00 00 00
7953 2656 7940 2633
00 00 00 00
7956 2673 7952 2668
00 00 00 00
7643 2453 7623 2444
00 00 00 00
7510 2110 7490 2100
00 00 00 00
7666 2212 7665 2210
00 00 00 00
7722 2216 7721 2214
00 00 00 00
6340 2237 6296 2213
00 00 00 00
7490 2270 7480 2260
00 00 00 00
תת
אתר
שם
פיילוט מפת סיכונים
NAME
Masada (3201/0)
Hazor, T. (3757/0)
Acre (2266/0)
Megiddo, T. (2723/0)
Bet Alfa (3338/0)
Arbel, H. (3482/0)
Bet She'an (3537/0)
Belvoir (3612/0)
Panias, H. (3945/0)
Mivzar Nimrod (4007/0)
Nahal `Amud (north)
(29563/0)
Afeq, T. (2425/0)
Mezudat Yehi`am
(Unofficial name) (2899/0)
Montfort (2901/0)
Jerusalem, Old City
(2921/0)
Yodefat (3040/0)
Israel Risk Map
)2921/0(
)3201/0(
)3757/0(
)2723/0(
חרבות מצדה
חצור,‏ תל
עכו )2266/0(
מגידו,‏ תל
בית אלפא )3338/0(
)3482/0(
)3537/0(
)3612/0(
)3945/0(
)4007/0(
ארבל,‏ ח'‏
בית שאן
כוכב הירדן
פאניס,‏ ח'‏
מבצר נמרוד
נחל עמוד ‏)צפון(‏ )29563/0(
)2425/0(
)2899/0(
)2901/0(
אפק,‏ תל
מצודת גדין
מונפור
ירושלים,‏ העיר העתיקה
יודפת )3040/0(
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
ATA_I
D
Site
No
32013201/0
37573757/0
22662266/0
27232723/0
33383338/0
34823482/0
35373537/0
36123612/0
39453945/0
0 40074007/0
29563/
0 295630
0
0
0
0
0
24252425/0
28992899/0
29012901/0
29212921/0
30403040/0

Selected sites
(Based on the 750 sites list)
Location
Height
Location
Hunin
Banias
Tiberias
Caserea
Kakun
Beth She'an
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Earthquake and Archaeological Sites
Development Risk Assessment Model
x VULNERABILITY HAZARD = RISK
Engineering and Physical
conservation state
Faults
Topography amplification
Slope stability
Liquidation
Tsunami
Critical (450 - )
High ) 300-450(
Medium ) 150-300(
Low ) 0-150(
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Training
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טופס Risk Evaluation
Risk Map - Structure Card
Date
Site
Name of the Building/complex
Reference
Site serial number
Fill duration in minutes
Type of the edifice remains
Materials
Mortar
Technology
Integrity
Elevation
Height (absolute)
Engineering and conservation state
Collapse
Dismantled
3D connections
Vaults arches
Deformations
Verticals or Horizental Cracks
Adjacent constructions
Modern intervention
Physical- conservation state
Lacking bricks/blocks/mortar/element
Deterioration
Vegetation
Vulnerability
Conclusion
General conclusion
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
3 2
0
4 3
4 3
4 3
4 3
4 3
4 3
4 3
4 3
0
4 3
4 3
4 3
0
1
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
not calculated
Multiplicity
High ------------------- Low
Automatic
yes ---------------------- no
yes ---------------------- no
yes ---------------------- no
yes ---------------------- no
yes ---------------------- no
yes ---------------------- no
yes ---------------------- no
yes ---------------------- no
Automatic
yes ---------------------- no
yes ---------------------- no
yes ---------------------- no
Automatic
Structure, Complex, Part of complex, Colonnade
Concrete, Basalt, Lime stone, Sand stone, Other
Lime, Cement, Mud, Epoxy
One leaf, two leaves, three leafs, colonnade
3D connections
3) more then 4m - 2) 2-4m - 1) up to 2m
Existence of collapse that endanger the Structure
Existence of dismantling of structural element that endanger the Structure
No existence of 3D connections of structural element that stabilize the Structure
No existence of Arc / Vaults that stabilize the Structure
Existence of deformation that endanger the Structure
Existence of vertical constructive cracks that endanger the Structure
Adjacent construction the endanger the structure
Modern intervention that endanger the structure (dangering or stabilize)
Lacking of elements the endanger the structure
Deterioration that endanger the structure in the short term
Vegetation that endanger the stabilizing of the structure
Detail Conclusion
Recommendation
General
Details
Free words
Hazard
Faults
Topography Amplification
Slope stability
Liquidation
Tsunami
Dangers
Risk Score
Critic
High
Medium
Stable
1
0
1
0
0
4
4
4
4
4
3
3
3
3
3
2
2
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
Automatic
Automatic
Endangered Condition
Active deterioration
Bad condition
Stable Condition
Engineer Applicant
Geological Applicant
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Appendix
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Engineering and conservation state
No - Yes Σ
instability of constructive elements which endanger the structure 1 2 3 4 0
Lack of constructive elements which endanger the Structure (beam/ vault/ arch/ pillar) 1 2 3 4 0
Lack of 3D connections between constructive elements (foundations / walls/ roof/ ceiling/ columns ) 1 2 3 4 0
Slenderness (the proportion between the tall and wide) 1) 1: 4 / 2) 1:6 / 3) 1:8 / 4) 1:10 1 2 3 4 0
Existence of deformation (sinks, blows, attitude) that can endanger the stability of the structure
1 2 3 4 0
Existence of vertical / horizontal / diagonal constructive cracks that endanger the stability of the
structure 1 2 3 4 0
Adjacent construction that endanger the structure
Modern intervention that endanger the stability of the structure
Physical - conservation state
1 2 3 4 0
1 2 3 4 0
Total 0
Lacking bricks/blocks/mortar/element
Lacking of elements the endanger the structure 1 2 3 4 0
Deterioration Deterioration that endanger the structure in the short term 1 2 3 4 0
Vegetation Vegetation that endanger the stabilizing of the structure 1 2 3 4 0
Total 0
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Engineering and conservation state
No - Yes Σ
instability of constructive elements which endanger the structure 1 2 3 4 0
Lack of constructive elements which endanger the Structure (beam/ vault/ arch/ pillar) 1 2 3 4 0
Lack of 3D connections between constructive elements (foundations / walls/ roof/ ceiling/ columns ) 1 2 3 4 0
Slenderness (the proportion between the tall and wide) 1) 1: 4 / 2) 1:6 / 3) 1:8 / 4) 1:10 1 2 3 4 0
Existence of deformation (sinks, blows, attitude) that can endanger the stability of the structure
1 2 3 4 0
Existence of vertical / horizontal / diagonal constructive cracks that endanger the stability of the
structure 1 2 3 4 0
Adjacent construction that endanger the structure
Modern intervention that endanger the stability of the structure
Physical - conservation state
1 2 3 4 0
1 2 3 4 0
Total 0
Lacking bricks/blocks/mortar/element
Lacking of elements the endanger the structure 1 2 3 4 0
Deterioration Deterioration that endanger the structure in the short term 1 2 3 4 0
Vegetation Vegetation that endanger the stabilizing of the structure 1 2 3 4 0
Total 0
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Engineering and conservation state
No - Yes Σ
instability of constructive elements which endanger the structure 1 2 3 4 0
Lack of constructive elements which endanger the Structure (beam/ vault/ arch/ pillar) 1 2 3 4 0
Lack of 3D connections between constructive elements (foundations / walls/ roof/ ceiling/ columns ) 1 2 3 4 0
Slenderness (the proportion between the tall and wide) 1) 1: 4 / 2) 1:6 / 3) 1:8 / 4) 1:10 1 2 3 4 0
Existence of deformation (sinks, blows, attitude) that can endanger the stability of the structure
1 2 3 4 0
Existence of vertical / horizontal / diagonal constructive cracks that endanger the stability of the
structure 1 2 3 4 0
Adjacent construction that endanger the structure
Modern intervention that endanger the stability of the structure
Physical - conservation state
1 2 3 4 0
1 2 3 4 0
Total 0
Lacking bricks/blocks/mortar/element
Lacking of elements the endanger the structure 1 2 3 4 0
Deterioration Deterioration that endanger the structure in the short term 1 2 3 4 0
Vegetation Vegetation that endanger the stabilizing of the structure 1 2 3 4 0
Total 0
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Israel Risk Map

Engineering and conservation state
No - Yes Σ
instability of constructive elements which endanger the structure 1 2 3 4 0
Lack of constructive elements which endanger the Structure (beam/ vault/ arch/ pillar) 1 2 3 4 0
Lack of 3D connections between constructive elements (foundations / walls/ roof/ ceiling/ columns ) 1 2 3 4 0
Slenderness (the proportion between the tall and wide) 1) 1: 4 / 2) 1:6 / 3) 1:8 / 4) 1:10 1 2 3 4 0
Existence of deformation (sinks, blows, attitude) that can endanger the stability of the structure
1 2 3 4 0
Existence of vertical / horizontal / diagonal constructive cracks that endanger the stability of the
structure 1 2 3 4 0
Adjacent construction that endanger the structure
Modern intervention that endanger the stability of the structure
Physical - conservation state
1 2 3 4 0
1 2 3 4 0
Total 0
Lacking bricks/blocks/mortar/element
Lacking of elements the endanger the structure 1 2 3 4 0
Deterioration Deterioration that endanger the structure in the short term 1 2 3 4 0
Vegetation Vegetation that endanger the stabilizing of the structure 1 2 3 4 0
Total 0
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Engineering and conservation state
No - Yes Σ
instability of constructive elements which endanger the structure 1 2 3 4 0
Lack of constructive elements which endanger the Structure (beam/ vault/ arch/ pillar) 1 2 3 4 0
Lack of 3D connections between constructive elements (foundations / walls/ roof/ ceiling/ columns ) 1 2 3 4 0
Slenderness (the proportion between the tall and wide) 1) 1: 4 / 2) 1:6 / 3) 1:8 / 4) 1:10 1 2 3 4 0
Existence of deformation (sinks, blows, attitude) that can endanger the stability of the structure
1 2 3 4 0
Existence of vertical / horizontal / diagonal constructive cracks that endanger the stability of the
structure 1 2 3 4 0
Adjacent construction that endanger the structure
Modern intervention that endanger the stability of the structure
Physical - conservation state
1 2 3 4 0
1 2 3 4 0
Total 0
Lacking bricks/blocks/mortar/element
Lacking of elements the endanger the structure 1 2 3 4 0
Deterioration Deterioration that endanger the structure in the short term 1 2 3 4 0
Vegetation Vegetation that endanger the stabilizing of the structure 1 2 3 4 0
Total 0
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Engineering and conservation state
No - Yes Σ
instability of constructive elements which endanger the structure 1 2 3 4 0
Lack of constructive elements which endanger the Structure (beam/ vault/ arch/ pillar) 1 2 3 4 0
Lack of 3D connections between constructive elements (foundations / walls/ roof/ ceiling/ columns ) 1 2 3 4 0
Slenderness (the proportion between the tall and wide) 1) 1: 4 / 2) 1:6 / 3) 1:8 / 4) 1:10 1 2 3 4 0
Existence of deformation (sinks, blows, attitude) that can endanger the stability of the structure
1 2 3 4 0
Existence of vertical / horizontal / diagonal constructive cracks that endanger the stability of the
structure 1 2 3 4 0
Adjacent construction that endanger the structure
Modern intervention that endanger the stability of the structure
Physical - conservation state
1 2 3 4 0
1 2 3 4 0
Total 0
Lacking bricks/blocks/mortar/element
Lacking of elements the endanger the structure 1 2 3 4 0
Deterioration Deterioration that endanger the structure in the short term 1 2 3 4 0
Vegetation Vegetation that endanger the stabilizing of the structure 1 2 3 4 0
Total 0
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Engineering and conservation state
No - Yes Σ
instability of constructive elements which endanger the structure 1 2 3 4 0
Lack of constructive elements which endanger the Structure (beam/ vault/ arch/ pillar) 1 2 3 4 0
Lack of 3D connections between constructive elements (foundations / walls/ roof/ ceiling/ columns ) 1 2 3 4 0
Slenderness (the proportion between the tall and wide) 1) 1: 4 / 2) 1:6 / 3) 1:8 / 4) 1:10 1 2 3 4 0
Existence of deformation (sinks, blows, attitude) that can endanger the stability of the structure
1 2 3 4 0
Existence of vertical / horizontal / diagonal constructive cracks that endanger the stability of the
structure 1 2 3 4 0
Adjacent construction that endanger the structure
Modern intervention that endanger the stability of the structure
Physical - conservation state
1 2 3 4 0
1 2 3 4 0
Total 0
Lacking bricks/blocks/mortar/element
Lacking of elements the endanger the structure 1 2 3 4 0
Deterioration Deterioration that endanger the structure in the short term 1 2 3 4 0
Vegetation Vegetation that endanger the stabilizing of the structure 1 2 3 4 0
Total 0
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Preliminary Risk Assessment results of Archaeological Sites - Pilot (2010-1)
400
350
300
250
200
150
100
50
0
Caserea the port vaults
Tiberiades theatre
Banias the Crusader gate
Beth She'an the East bridge
Caserea the South wall
Beth She'an Cripta Portico
Caserea theatre
Caserea the West-North wall
Caserea the West-North wall
Hunin fortress
Caserea the Crusader gate
Beth She'an the reflection pool
Beth She'an palestra
Beth She'an Paladius Road
Beth She'an Theatre
Beth She'an the terme
Banias the palace
Beth She'an latrine
Kakun fortress
Caserea the promonade vaults
Critical
High
Medium
Low
Conservation Intervention
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Critical
High
Medium
Stable
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Preliminary pilot results – risk assessment of CH structures
Critical
High
Hunin
תצוגה גרפית של מפת
סיכונים ע"פ דירוג הסיכון
של המבנים בפיילוט
Banias
Medium
Low
Tiberias
Caserea
Kakun
Beth She'an
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First remarks
• Feasibility of simple model for Risk map
• The results based on knowledge give validity
• There is lack of risk preparedness in managed sites, some
of their monuments are in high or critical state
• Structures that were submitted to conservation are
usually in good state
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Thinkable solutions for Risk Preparedness
• Sharing information (GIS)
• Alarm / monitoring systems
• Reinforcing / strengthening
• Closing / isolating structures / places
• Evacuation routes
• Guideline procedures
• Training professionals
• Supplementary investigations
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Israel 2013
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Intervention
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Appropriate development
Beth She’an’s theatre
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Thank You
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