Bidding - the International Association of the Catalysis Societies

Table of Contents
South Gate of Seoul
National Treasure No.1, A.D.1396
1. Letter of Invitation ………………………… 2
2. Rationale for Bidding ……………………… 9
1) Why choose Seoul for the 14 th ICC? ……………………… 10
2) Catalysis in Korea …………………………………………. 12
3. Proposal for the 14 th ICC ………………… 13
1) Objectives and Scopes of Scientific Program …………….. 14
2) Program Overview ………………………………………... 17
3) Organizing Committee ……………………………………. 18
4) Finance ……………………………………………………. 19
5) Proceedings ……………………………………………….. 22
6) Social Program ……………………………………………. 23
7) Satellite Conferences ……………………………………… 26
4. Venue and Facilities ………………………. 27
5. Travel and Accommodation …………….. 31
6. Experiencing Korea ……………………….. 40
• Annex I: Supporting Letters ……………. 45
• Annex II: Catalysis in Korea (Details).. 58
The content of this proposal and additional information are provided
at http://www.icc2008korea.com.
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Section 1
Letter of Invitation
The world's oldest movable metal type
invented by Korea and its printed evidence
Registered as Memory of the World, A.D. 1377
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List of Supporting Letters
1. Mayor of Seoul …………………………………………………. 6
2. Chairman of the Korea Science and Engineering Foundation …. 7
3. Chairman of the Korea Petrochemical Industry Association …... 8
Letters 4-15 are attached to Annex I.
4. President of the Korean Academy of Science and Technology… 46
5. President of the National Academy of Engineering of Korea….. 47
6. President of the Korean Union of Chemical Science and
Technology Societies ………………………………………….. 48
7. Executive Director of the Korea Specialty Chemical Industry
Association …………………………………………………….. 49
8. President of the Korean Chemical Society …………………….. 50
9. President of the Korean Society of Industrial and Engineering
Chemistry ……………………………………………………… 51
10. President of the Korea National Tourism Organization ………. 52
11. President of LG Chem, Ltd. …………………………………… 53
12. Chairman of BASF Company Ltd. ……………………………. 54
13. Chairman of SK Corporation ………………………………….. 55
14. CEO of Heesung Engelhard Ltd. ……………………………… 56
15. President of Samsung-Atofina Ltd. ……………………………. 57
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Section 2
Rationale for Bidding
Gilt-bronze Seated Maitreya in Meditation
National Treasure No.78
Three Kingdom era (A.D. 200-700)
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1) Why choose Seoul for the 14 th ICC?
High quality research and industrial innovations
Korean catalysis community has the capability to organize a high-quality
scientific program of the ICC, which is thought to be the major emphasis of the
Congress. During the last decade, Korean scholars have demonstrated their high
potential in catalysis research by publishing numerous papers in international
journals (refer to pages 71-78) and by actively participating in international
conferences and editorial works (refer to pages 59-62 and examples below).
Korea is particularly active in academia-industry collaboration, which has been
established for two major reasons. One is that Korean catalysis society has been
founded by a strong group of scholars in academia and industry and the other is
that the chemical industries, which account for about 20% of Korean GDP, are
aggressively pursuing process development based on cooperative interactions
with academia. As a result, Korean industries have developed a large number of
catalytic processes, which are competitive in global market (refer to pages 69-70,
79-81). The dynamics of the Korean catalysis community based on active
interactions between academia and industry will provide a good model and
stimulus for other countries trying to promote their research activities and
innovations in catalysis.
● Editorial board members/editors: Applied Catalysis A (S.H. Moon), Applied Catalysis
B (I.-S. Nam), Catalysis Letters (S.I. Woo, J.S. Lee), Topics in Catalysis (S.I. Woo, J.S.
Lee), Cattech (J.S. Lee), J. of Mol. Catal. B (S.B. Lee), Res. Chem. Interm. (S.-E. Park),
Cat. Surveys from Asia (S.H. Moon, G. Seo)
● Guest editors of special issues: Stud. Surf. Sci. Catal. Vol. 102 (H. Chon, S.-I. Woo,
S.-E. Park), Vol. 105 (H. Chon, S.-K. Ihm, Y.S. Uh), Vol. 146 (S.-E. Park, R. Ryoo, W.S.
Ahn, C.W. Lee, J.-S. Chang), Catal. Today Vol. 38(2) (Y.G. Kim, I.-S. Nam), Vol.
44(1-4) (Y.G. Kim, J.S. Lee), Vol. 83(1-4) (S.K. Kang, S.-I. Woo), Vol. 87(1-4) (J.S. Lee,
W. Choi, Y. Okamoto)
Extensive experience in organizing international conferences
Korea has accumulated good experiences of successfully organizing many
international conferences related to catalysis during the last decade (refer to
pages 59-62 and examples below). The 14 th ICC in Seoul will be organized by
Korean scholars who played key roles in these conferences and have formed a
unique and strong teamwork, which is the most valuable asset in organizing the
Congress.
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The Congress will be efficiently organized by fully exploiting modern
information technology, in which Korea is one of the recognized leaders in the
world. The financial burden of the participants will be minimized by raising
substantial amounts of contributions from outside sources such as Korean
government and industries, which fully recognize the importance of cooperation
among international scientific communities and are willing to support the
Congress. We will also actively seek sponsorship for students and scholars from
developing countries taking part in the Congress. We have been assured by our
local industries that they will support such efforts.
● International conferences organized by Korea during the last decade
- 11 th International Zeolite Conference (IZC), Seoul (1996. 8)
- 1 st Asia-Pacific Congress on Catalysis (APCAT), Gyeongju (1997.11)
- 5 th International Workshop on Catalytic Combustion (IWCC), Seoul (2002. 4)
- 3 rd International Mesostructured Materials Symposium (IMMS), Jeju (2002. 7)
- 7 th International Conference on Carbon Dioxide Utilization (ICCDU), Seoul (2003.
10)
Modern infrastructures and cultural heritage
Seoul is a clean and safe city with modern infrastructures suitable for hosting
international conferences, including a new world-class airport, subway system,
convention centers, and accommodations. Summer Olympic Games in 1988 and
2002 Korea-Japan FIFA Worldcup are good examples demonstrating the capacity
of Seoul for hosting global-scale events. Hotels of various room rates are
accessible within 30 minutes from the Congress venue via the well-developed
subway routes.
Seoul is located at the mid-position between Japan and China and, therefore,
cities like Tokyo, Osaka, Beijing, and Shanghai can be reached from Seoul by air
in less than two hours. In many cases, travelers can have free stops at the above
cities on their flight to and from Seoul. Seoul has been the capital of Korea for
more than 600 years and is rich in many historical and unique cultural heritages.
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2) Catalysis in Korea
Catalysis research in Korea is a relatively young discipline. Most of the early
pioneers had received their training overseas and returned to Korea. Catalysis research
group has emerged as a major Division within the Korean Institute of Chemical
Engineers (KIChE), one of the large (5,200 members) and active professional societies
in Korea. Although the Division belongs to the KIChE, it accommodates all members of
the Korean Chemical Society and the Korean Society of Industrial and Engineering
Chemistry, who are involved in catalysis. Such a cross-societal membership has
established a unique character of the Division, represented by vibrant discussions and
collaboration among scholars in sectors spanning from science to engineering and from
academia to industry. At present, the Catalysis Division has more than 400 members,
including about 120 with Ph.D. degrees and 280 with M.S. degrees. Members regularly
publish in prominent international journals on catalysis or material science, and a
number of them serve on the editorial board on many of the journals.
The petrochemical industry of Korea, which began with a planned ethylene
production capacity of 100,000 metric tons per year in 1968, grew to the capacity of
becoming the 5th largest ethylene producer in the world. Much effort is being expended
in order to develop catalytic technologies for manufacturing downstream chemical
intermediates from the outputs of naphtha crackers and fine chemicals of high added
values. Major chemical companies have established substantial research laboratories for
catalytic research since the mid-1980s. As a result of these concerted efforts in catalysis
R & D, a number of indigenous catalytic technologies have been developed and put into
commercial practice.
The chemical industries account for about 20% of Korean GDP, which is the
11 th largest in the world. Catalytic technologies have yet to reach a mature phase in
Korea, thus the catalysis community has an increasingly vital role to play in growing
this sector of the economy. Collaborative efforts between the academic/research
community and industrial practitioners have brought about the fruition of the two
decades of activities in the form of a large number of indigenous catalytic technologies,
both for domestic use and export.
From its early days, the Korean catalysis community has placed great emphasis
on international exchanges. A number of bilateral symposia or workshops have been
organized: 9 Korea-Japan (1987–2004), 9 Korea-ROC (1983–1999), 3 Korea-U.S.
(1987–1993), 2 Korea-Germany (1993–1996), 2 Korea-Australia (1993–96) symposia.
In 1996, the 11 th International Zeolite Conference was organized by the Catalysis
Division. This event, which drew about 800 participants from home and abroad, was the
largest IZC ever, and it was also the largest international event organized by the
catalysis community of Korea. Korean scholars have actively taken part in other
international meetings including ICC, NACS Meeting, EuropaCat, and TOCAT. The
first Asia-Pacific Catalysis Congress (APCAT) was successfully launched by Korea in
1997 with over 200 participants from 12 countries in the Pacific rim and beyond.
Detailed description of catalysis in Korea is attached as Annex II.
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Section 3
Proposal for the 14 th ICC
“Catalysis as the Pivotal Technology
for the Future Society”
A Cluster of Cubic Zeolite-A Crystals
prepared by Prof. Kyung Byung Yoon et al.
Langmuir, 18, 4455 (2002)
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1) Objectives and Scopes of Scientific Program
1-1) Objectives
Catalysis is a key technology to the sustained development of the future society and will
play a pivotal role in upgrading the quality of our life. Recently, this discipline is facing
challenges as well as opportunities, coming from the limitations in our natural resources
and the demands by the future society. In Asian region, where chemical industries are
rapidly growing and the dynamism of economy is projected to continue in the future,
catalysis will find many applications to versatile industrial sectors.
The Congress will pursue the traditional objective of reviewing the accomplishments in
catalysis research during the previous four years. New objectives will be simultaneously
added to the Congress such that it contributes to the development of the catalytic
technologies as well as the future society. The following are three objectives of the
Congress, which will be pursued in connection with the scopes of the program.
• Review of research accomplishments: Research accomplishments during the
previous years will be reviewed, according to their areas spanning from fundamentals to
final applications. Emphasis will be placed on emerging innovations, which are
expected to play a key role in solving the current problems and in meeting the demands
by the future society.
• Contribution to the future society: Research areas and efforts with the potential of
opening new horizons for the development of catalytic technology will be assessed with
the aim of identifying directions for future research. Students and young scholars, who
will be the next-generation leaders of this discipline, will be encouraged to participate
in the Congress by providing them with financial aid and other incentives.
• Promotion of academia-industry collaboration: The Congress will provide vibrant
opportunities for exchanging ideas between academia and industry. Participation of
industries will be promoted by organizing programs of new formats, including
integrated oral/poster/exhibition presentations, panel discussions, and establishment of
cooperative relations.
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1-2) Scopes
• Review of research accomplishments
Submitted papers will be grouped and presented according to the following six
categories, which were identified after reviewing the contents covered by ICC, NACS
Meeting, EuropaCat, TOCAT, Advances in Catalysis, Catalysis Review - Sci. & Eng.
since year 2000.
1. Innovations in catalyst design
• Catalyst preparation: molecular design of catalysts; catalyst screening by
high throughput system; immobilization of homogeneous/enzymatic active
centers.
• Novel catalytic materials
• Development in catalyst characterization techniques: new methods and
improvements in the analysis of physicochemical properties.
2. New findings in reaction mechanism
• Surface science of molecular level mechanism
• Kinetics, modeling, and computational analysis
• Theoretical and quantum mechanical approaches in catalysis
• New supporting ideas from the related scientific disciplines
3. Advances in catalytic reaction engineering
• New reactor design including membrane and multi-phase reactors
• Micro reactor and process design
• Reactions in non-conventional media (supercritical, ionic liquids)
4. Catalysis in energy/fuel production
• New trends in refining/petrochemical processes
• Hydrogen production and utilization
• Fuel cell and electrocatalysis
• Methane/natural gas conversion processes
• Clean fuels for diesel engine
• Energy conversion from alternative sources
5. Catalysis for fine chemicals/industrial chemicals production
• Diverse organic transformations catalyzed by acid/base or transition metal
complexes/compounds either in liquid/gas/solid phase
• Chiral synthesis using homogeneous/heterogeneous/enzyme catalysts
• Selective oxidation and oxidative dehydrogenation
• Multi-phase synthesis of organic intermediates
• Polymerization
6. Catalysis for clean environment
• Air/water pollution control by catalytic means
• Reduction in global warming agents
• Catalytic combustion
• Environmentally benign catalytic processes for chemical industry
• Photocatalysis
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• Contribution to the future society
(1) Research areas and efforts
The Congress will organize symposia on selected subjects which have a high potential
for opening new areas of catalysis research and for contribution to the future society.
Chairpersons will be designated for the selection of invited lecturers and submitted
papers. The contents of the symposia together with related discussions will be published
as separate books after the Congress.
The subjects of the symposia will be selected by a special committee consisting of
renowned scholars from the international catalysis community. Emphasis will be placed
on subjects related to future energy, resources and environmental problems,
cross-fertilization among different research disciplines, and fundamental knowledge and
methods to provide key answers to catalysis. The following are examples of the subjects,
which remain flexible until they are finalized by the committee.
• C-H activation
• 100% selectivity process
• Bio and biomimetic catalysis and related topics
• Novel catalytic materials and processes based on nanotechnology
(2) Students and young scholars
The Congress will strongly encourage the participation of students and young scholars
by providing them with substantial amounts of financial support, as determined by their
scientific performance and financial situations. Awards will be offered to excellent
students based on the evaluation of their scientific presentations in the Congress. A tour
program will be arranged at our expense for students who plan to stay after the
Congress and visit local industries and research institutes.
• Promotion of academia-industry collaboration
The Congress will organize a technology session for industries to present their research
results and innovations in a format closely integrating oral/poster presentations with
their exhibitions. A panel will be arranged to discuss strategies of promoting
academia-industry collaboration in the future. A special program will be organized to
associate participating scholars with industries so that they can exchange information
and establish cooperative relations, including visits to industry, seminar lectures and
consultation.
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2) Program Overview
The program of the Congress will consist of 6 plenary lectures (60 min), 11 keynote
lectures (40 min), 112 oral presentations (30 min) and estimated 600 posters.
The keynote lectures and the oral presentations will be organized in four parallel
sessions. Symposia of selected subjects are included in four sessions. The poster
presentations will be grouped by topical sessions.
Technology session will include 3-minute oral presentations prior to poster
presentations and industrial exhibitions. A panel discussion will be organized about the
strategy of academia-industry collaboration.
8:30
9:00
10:00
10:20
11:00
12:00
13:20
14:00
15:00
15:20
16:00
17:00
18:00
20:00
July 13
(Sun)
Registration
PL1
Welcome
Reception
July 14
(Mon)
Opening
Ceremony
July 15
(Tue)
July 16
(Wed)
July 17
(Thu)
July 18
(Fri)
PL2 PL3 PL4 PL5 PL6
Coffee Coffee Coffee Coffee Coffee
KA1 KD1 Tech. Session KC2 KD2 KC3
OA1-OD1 OA9-OD9 & Exhibition OA17-OD17 OA19-OD19 OA27-OD27
OA2-OD2 OA10-OD10
OA18-OD18 OA20-OD20 OA28-OD28
Lunch
Closing
Ceremony
KB1 KA2 KA3
OA3-OD3 OA11-OD11 OA21-OD21
OA4-OD4 OA12-OD12 OA22-OD22
Coffee Coffee Coffee
KC1 KB2 KB3
OA5-OD5 OA13-OD13 Excursion / OA23-OD23
OA6-OD6 OA14-OD14 Korean Food & OA24-OD24
OA7-OD7 OA15-OD15 Cultural OA25-OD25
Experience
OA8-OD8 OA16-OD16 OA26-OD26
Posters
Posters
21:00
Panel Discussion
Banquet
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3) Organizing Committee
Chairman Prof. Sang Heup Moon Seoul National University, Seoul
Vice Chairman Prof. Seong-Ihl Woo
Korea Advanced Institute of
Science & Technology (KAIST),
Daejeon
Secretary Prof. Jae Sung Lee Pohang University of Science &
Technology (POSTECH), Pohang
Treasurer Prof. Sang-Eon Park Inha University, Incheon
Scientific Committee
Prof. Son-Ki Ihm
Prof. Jong Rack Sohn
Prof. Jung Heon Suh
Prof. Kyung Byung Yoon
Dr. Choong Eui Song
Dr. Sung Kyu Kang
Prof. Ryong Ryoo
Prof. Won Yong Choi
Prof. Taeghwan Hyeon
Prof. Sung Jun Cho
Program Committee
Prof. Ho-In Lee
Prof. Gon Seo
Prof. In-Sik Nam
Prof. Wha Seung Ahn
Prof. Yong Gun Shul
Dr. Dong Jin Suh
Prof. Kwan-Young Lee
Dr. Byong Sung Kwak
Dr. Won Ho Lee
Dr. Hyun Shik Han
KAIST, Daejeon
Kyungbook University, Daegu
Seoul National University, Seoul
Sogang University, Seoul
KIST, Seoul
Korea Institute of Energy Research
(KIER), Daejeon
KAIST, Daejeon
POSTECH, Pohang
Seoul National University, Seoul
Chonnam University, Gwangju
Seoul National University, Seoul
Chonnam University, Gwangju
POSTECH, Pohang
Inha University, Incheon
Yonsei University, Seoul
KIST, Seoul
Korea University, Seoul
SK Corp., Daejeon
LG Chemical, Daejeon
Heesung Engelhard, Seoul
The organizing committee will be reinforced by an International Advisory
Committee and by an International Program Committee to advise on and review
program contents. Local arrangement committees drawn from the Catalysis Division
will handle details related to the operation of the Congress.
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4) Finance
The budget has been estimated on the basis of 1,300 participants including 300 students.
The expense for the participants will be minimized by raising substantial amounts of
financial contributions from outside sources, including government, national research
centers, and industries.
The registration fee of US $ 500 (pre) – 550 (on-site) will cover the scientific sessions,
congress materials such as book of abstracts and CD, coffee breaks, welcoming party,
traditional conference excursion. Outside funding will be raised to provide lunch for
students and regular participants during the Congress.
More than 200 students will be awarded partial financial supports of different extents to
promote their participation in the Congress. The selection will be made competitively
after consultation with the IACS. Additional financial supports will be provided to
scholars from developing countries after the evaluation of their needs.
The budget reflects the 10% levy of registration fees to the IACS.
A professional conference organizer will be employed to assist the operation of the
Congress.
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ICC 2008 BUDGET
Basis
Participants 1,300 persons
[including students 300]
Registration Fee
Pre-registration 500 US $
On-site registration 550 US $
Students 200 US $
Income
1. Registration
UNIT No. US $ US $
Pre-registration 600 500 300,000
On-site registration 400 550 220,000
Students 300 200 60,000
Sub-sum 580,000
Banquet (50 US $) 500 50 25,000
Accompanying
Persons
50 100 5,000
Sub-total 610,000
2. Exhibition 50,000
3. Institutional Support 40,000
National Research
Centers
4. Government Support 60,000
KOSEF, KISTEP,
KTB, City of Seoul
5. Industrial Support 50,000
Korean Air
Industrial Consortia
Total 810,000
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ICC 2008 EXPENSES
Unit (US $)
1. Rental of the venue: 177,000
Conference Hall
Session Rooms (4)
Equipments(Audio, Video)
Poster Boards
Other Facilities (Meeting
Rooms)
2. Conference Matters 180,000
Circulars
Book of Abstracts
Extended-abstracts: CD
Posters, Mailing, Bags, etc.
3. Plenary 70,000
Keynotes
Invited Lectures
4. Social Program 185,000
Welcoming Party
Conference Excursion
Conference Banquet
Coffee Break
Conference Buffet with
Cultural Program
5. Grants and Awards After consulting with IACS 60,000
for Students
6.
Conference
Coordinating 60,000
Service
7. Miscellaneous Including insurance 20,000
Sub-total 752,000
8. ICC Contribution 10% of Registration 58,000
Total 810,000
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5) Proceedings
• The plenary and keynote lectures will be published in major catalysis journals.
• The extended abstracts of both oral and poster presentations will be uploaded on
the Congress website prior to the opening of the Congress.
• A book of short abstracts of all accepted contributions will be distributed at the
Congress.
• A CD ROM of the extended abstracts of all presentations, including discussions of
oral presentations, will be mailed to registered participants after the Congress.
• Contents of the symposia and related discussions will be published as separate
books after the Congress.
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6) Social Program
Memorable food and cultural excursion program in “the land of morning calm”
July 13 (Sunday)
• IACS Council meeting
• Registration
• Welcome Reception at the Congress site
July 14 (Monday)
• Opening Ceremony [Morning prelude: Korean musical performance]
• Poster [Drinks and light meals]
July 15 (Tuesday)
• Poster [Drinks and light meals]
July 16 (Wednesday)
• Excursions
• Korean food and cultural experiences
July 17 (Thursday)
• Congress Banquet [Korean folk music and dance]
July 18 (Friday)
• Closing Ceremony
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Excursions (Participants can select one among the following 4 programs.)
• Gyeongbokgung [The main palace during the Joseon Dynasty (1392-1910)]
Gyeongbokgung was the main palace during the Joseon Dynasty (1392-1910).
One of five palaces in Seoul, it has a 500 year history. Located in the northern part of
Seoul, Gyeongbokgung is 5.4 million square feet and rectangular in shape. Its
architecture makes great use of the surrounding geography, and the area blends in
beautifully, a great example of traditional Korean palatial structure. There are many
designated Cultural Assets in the Palace.
• Hangang River Ferry Cruise
Hangang River Ferry Cruise is one of the best ways to enjoy the scenery around
Hangang River that flows through Seoul. Cool winds from the river, the surrounding
scenery, which get more beautiful in the evenings, are the rewards the ferry cruise can
offer you. On the cruise, you can see Hangang River’s beautiful scenery, the
surrounding islands, Jeoldusan Park, the 63 Building, Namsan Tower, Jamsil’s Multi
Sports Complex, and other famous tourist spots.
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• Mt. Bukhansan National Park
Mt. Bukhansan, situated in the northern part of Seoul, is 78.45km wide, and the
sharp peaks provide contrast to dozens of valleys and rivers flowing below. The granite
peaks blend in well with trees, and there are about 1,300 kinds of animal and plant life
living on the mountain. When you stand on Baekundae and look down on a clear day,
you can see Seoul, Hangang River, and Yellow Sea all together. In the spring, all kinds
of flowers bloom, and in the summer, thick forest and valleys spread out. Hiking path
along the valley is perhaps the best summer mountain climbing course. The fall is an
especially fit time for visiting temples and pavilions in their autumn colors. In the
winter, the snow-covered mountain scenery is very beautiful.
• Korean Folk Village
Korean Folk Village is located 30 minutes by car from the venue and recreates the
daily life of the Korean life in the latter days of the Joseon Period. Here, they rebuilt
the class system culture and living standards of those days, including 260 traditional
houses, and 30,000 folk artifacts on display. The Folk Village is composed of the Folk
Scenery District, which deals with recreating and displaying relevant folk artifacts and
folk cultural treasures, Exhibit District, which deals with exhibiting cultural treasures
and folk artifacts, and “Jangteo Gongbanggeori,” which deals with traditional foods,
souvenirs, and pottery shows.
- 25 -

7) Satellite Conferences
• Satellite conferences will be held in China and Japan before and after the main
Congress. The catalysis societies of the two countries will be approached to
arrange the pre- and/or the post-Congress Symposia.
• We are also planning to hold a pre-Congress symposium in Daejeon and/or a
post-Congress symposium in Gyeongju. The topics of symposia will be decided
after considering the general interest of the participants, and most of the speakers
(or lecturers) will be invited on the basis of their expertise in catalysis.
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Section 4
Venue and Facilities
Hotel COEX Intercontinental Seoul
Main Hotel for the 14 th ICC
- 27 -

The congress is scheduled to be held at COEX in the new city area of Seoul, which is a
perfect high-tech venue for international exhibitions, meetings, and cultural events in
the 21st century. COEX's 198,000-square-meter facility for trade show and convention
is the nucleus of a 50-acre commercial and hotel complex. With four stories above
ground and four basement levels, COEX offers the space, services, and communication
facilities with advanced systems and equipment to accommodate everything from
large-scale international conferences to the latest high-technology exhibitions. There are
grand-size facilities for large-capacity conferences and exhibitions, more than 30 rooms
for small/medium symposia, and a hall for high-level meetings. The following briefly
describe individual facilities and their functions.
Convention
COEX Convention Center (http://www.coex.co.kr)
- Convention Hall (Grand Ball Room)
Functions: international meetings, banquet, receptions, fashion shows etc.
Capacity: max 2000 persons, 1,817 m 2
Main facilities:
Infrared simultaneous interpretation
Lighting & A/V control room
Built-in projectors
Motorized screens (4m×3m) ×3
- Lecture Halls (more than 30)
Functions: Int. conference meetings, seminar, banquet
Capacities: 5 rooms (300 persons), 3 rooms (100 persons), 10 rooms (50
persons), etc.
Main facilities:
Infrared simultaneous interpretation
A/V system and lighting control room
Projectors
Motorized screen (4m×3m)
- Auditorium
Functions: Int. conferences, symposiums, concerts, movies etc.
Capacities: 1,090 seats (Theater-style room)
Main facilities:
Simultaneous interpretation into 12 languages
Lighting & A/V control room
Built-in projector, Built-in screen
Stage lighting system
Stage: 12m (D) X 25m (W) X 11m (H)
Exhibition
Pacific Hall
Function: Exhibitions and special events
Capacity: 520 booths (3×3 m booth), 10,368 m 2
Main facilities
Lighting & A/V control room
A/V jack box
Communication, service outlets
Gas, water, air, electricity drainage
- 28 -

Catering
Seoul's renowned Chosun Hotel provides deluxe catering services to any and all
exhibitions, conventions, conferences and meeting venues throughout the COEX
Convention Center. With cuisine preparation facilities next to each facility, the hotel can
provide everything from small- and medium-sized cocktail parties to large-scale
banquets for up to 8,000 people at a time. The COEX takes pride in matching banquet
menus to each specific event so as to delight all participants.
- 29 -

Grand Ball Room
Auditorium
- 30 -

Section 5
Travel and Accommodation
Seoul, Korea
The Center of the Northeast Asia
- 31 -

By Air
There are 6 international airports in Korea: Incheon (Seoul), Gimhae, Jeju, Daegu,
Cheongju and Yangyang International Airports. Korea's major airport is Incheon
International Airport, which is located 52 kilometers west of Seoul, with flights all over
the world.
Incheon International Airport
To ease air traffic congestion at Gimpo International Airport, the larger, ultramodern
Incheon International Airport on an island named Yeongjongdo near Incheon went into
service in March 2001. The Incheon International Airport is able to handle 465 flight
operations and 73,000 passengers daily. About 140 direct flights from more than 90
cities are offered daily. A 61.5km double track railroad is under construction, which will
be extended to Gimpo Airport by 2005, and to Downtown Seoul by 2007. Incheon
International Airport received the 2002 Airport Service Excellence Award and also
ranked as the world’s fourth best airport by International Air Transport Association
(IATA).
Major International Airlines with Regular/Direct Services
Aeroflot Russian Int’l
Air China
Air Hong Kong
Air Macau
Asiana Airlines
Cathay Pacific Airways
China Northern Airlines
China Southern Airlines
China Yunnan Airlines
Eastline Airlines
Japan Air System
Khabarovsk Airlines
Korean Airlines
Lufthansa Airlines
Malaysia Airlines
Northwest Airlines
Sakhalinskie Aviatrassy
Singapore Airlines
Turkish Airlines
Uzbekistan Airways
Vladivostok Air
Air Canada
Air France
Air Kazakhstan
All Nippon Airways
Atlas Airlines
China Eastern Airlines
China Northwest Airlines
China Southwest Airlines
Continental Micronesia
Garuda Indonesia Airways
Japan Airlines
KLM Royal Dutch Airlines
Krasnoyarsk Airlines
Mahan Air
Mongolian Airlines
Philippine Airlines
Siberia Airlines
Thai Airways
United Airlines
Vietnam Airlines
- 32 -

Flying Times from Major Cities of the World
Destination Flying Time Destination Flying Time
Amsterdam 11:15 Mumbai 08:25
Bangkok 05: 25 New Delhi 07:10
Beijing 01:50 New York 13:20
Brisbane 09:20 Osaka 01:30
Chicago 12:40 Paris 11:55
Dalian 01:00 Rome 11:55
Frankfurt 11:20 Shanghai 01:40
Hong Kong 03:40 Singapore 05:40
Jakarta 07:20 Sydney 10:10
Kuala Lumpur 06:30 Sao Paulo 24:40
London 11:50 Taipei 05:40
Los Angeles 11:00 Tokyo 02:00
Manila 03:50 Toronto 15:00
Moscow 09:30 Vancouver 10:00
Amsterdam
Frankfurt
London
Moscow
Paris
Rome
Bangkok / Beijing
Brisbane
Hong Kong
Kuala Lumpur
New Delhi
Shanghai
Singapore
Sydney / Tokyo
Chicago
Los Angeles
New York
San Francisco
Toronto
Vancouver
- 33 -

How to get to COEX
In less than 60 minute drive from Incheon International Airport, COEX is located in the
integral part of the World Trade Center (WTC), the fast growing business and
entertainment district in Southern Seoul. COEX and city hotels can be easily reached by
public transportations.
≤
City Air Terminal
The City Air Terminal is located at the trade hub of the World Trade Center (WTC),
adjacent to COEX convention center, and provides various services including ticketing,
check-in, immigration and customs declaration under one roof.
Limousine Bus
Non-Stop limousine buses from COEX and major hotels to Incheon International
Airport are operated every 10~15 minutes.
Subway
The Subway is an efficient way to reach COEX as Seoul’s subway lines are extensively
connected everywhere in the city. Please take subway line number 2 (Green line) to
reach COEX. Samseong subway station is located at the corner of the COEX mall.
- 34 -

Accommodation
COEX Inter-continental Seoul
Facilities:
Excellent location providing easy access to all areas of the city
Variety of function rooms available
Adjacent to the World Trade Center, City Air Terminal and COEX
Latest fitness center with indoor swimming pool, golf driving range,
gymnasium, aerobic room, sauna and massage, outdoor jogging track,
whirlpool spa and sundeck
Internet and e-mail access in all guest rooms
Price: US $ 150∼200/day
Other Hotels and Lodging
There are about 100 hotels in Seoul with over 18,000 beds. Among them are 16 Deluxe
and Super Deluxe hotels with more than 5,600 beds located within a 10-minute drive
from COEX. Within a 20-minute drive from COEX, there are 11 world-class five-star
hotels and 12 four-star hotels. Smaller and reasonably priced hotels are also available
within 20-minutes drive. Those hotels are also accessible from COEX by subway. Most
of hotel facilities are wheelchair accessible. Many of the proposed ICC Congress Hotels
are within easy walking distance.
< Home-stay Programs>
For those who would like to experience the Korean culture and are traveling on a low
budget, Home-stay Programs in Korea may be the solution. There are several Internet
sites, which provide information on Home-stay programs.
(http://www.koreahomestay.com)
- Internet: http://www.worldinn.com
- E-mail: master@worldinn.com
World Inn refers to accommodation facilities in Korea selected by local governments
particularly for foreign visitors. It lists moderately priced hotels and inns, home stay and
dormitories and training centers. They are warm and friendly places with private
bathrooms, TV sets in the rooms, and a choice of a Western style bed or a Korean-style
mattress.
Dormitory
Dormitories of Seoul National University, which are located within 30 minutes from
COEX by subway, will be available for participating students at prices lower than US $
30.
- 35 -

Name of Hotels
In the
next
Map
No. of
Rooms
Distance to
COEX
Grand Inter-Continental 1 531 5 Minute Walk
COEX Inter-Continental 2 653 2 Minute Walk
Lotte World 3 533 10 Minute Drive
Ritz Carlton 4 410 15 Minute Drive
Remarks
Super Deluxe
Hotel
Super Deluxe
Hotel
Super Deluxe
Hotel
Super Deluxe
Hotel
Sub Total 2,127 - -
IBIS 5 316 10 Minute Walk Deluxe
Palace 6 283 20 Minute Drive Deluxe
Novotel
Ambassador
7
327 10 Minute Drive Deluxe
TEMF Hotel 8 237 20 Minute Drive 1 st Class
Olympic Parktel 9 241 20 Minute Drive Deluxe
Oakwood 10 280 5 Minute Walk Residence
Seoul National
University Dormitory
11
100 30 Minute Drive Low price
Total 3,911
- 36 -

11
6
7 4
8
5
2
10
1
COEX
3
9
Subway Map of Seoul
- 37 -

Accompanying person’s program
The following programs will be offered to accompanying persons at small service fee.
•
This village has restored five traditional Korean
houses, with a pavilion, a pond and a time capsule,
which makes it a nice place for a promenade. When
you enter the front gate, you will see the vast valley
and the Chunugak to the left of the pond. Along
with the pond, it is a splendid place where
performances are held. On the side you will see five
traditional houses. These houses were rebuilt after
the traditional
houses of
Joseon dynasty. The houses belong to various
social ranks of the society from the common
peasant to the king. Furniture that suited the
owner of the house is displayed inside to help you
to understand the daily life of the past. The other
thing you should not miss is the traditional
marriage ceremony. About 30 minutes by bus
from the venue.
•
Ceramic art is one of the major contributions made
by Koreans to the mankind’s artistic heritage. The
ceramic art reached its zenith during the Goryeo
Dynasty (935-1392 AD), culminating in the world
famous celadon in the late eleventh to early twelfth
century. Icheon, located
about 30 km south of Seoul,
is a well-known potters’
village with over 80 active
kilns where the Goryeo celadon and the white porcelain of the
Joseon Dynasty (1392-1910) are reproduced by hand. A
number of master potters designated “human cultural assets,”
the highest honor accorded to living craftsmen by the
government, are in residence. Icheon boasts a ceramic museum,
the only one of its kind in the nation, and many kilns are open
where public can view the pottery-making process.
- 38 -

•
Changdeokgung Palace is composed of the public
official space, the king’s residence and the rear garden.
The rear garden used to be the king’s resting place where
300-year-old trees, pond and pavilion are harmoniously
organized with nature itself. The entrance of Injeongjeon
(the royal audience chamber) is at the end of the bridge
and the ridge of this chamber’s roof is unusually
decorated with flower patterns. The cement road
between the walls of Changdeokgung Palace and
Changgyeonggung Palace lead to Huwon garden.
Buyongjeong and
Johapru here
frequently appear in photos introducing Korea.
The garden is formed in the shape of the Korean
alphabet ‘ㄷ’ with a pond in the center. Also, one
must pass Bulo gate made of a big stone into the
‘ㄷ’ shape to step out of the palace and reach
Yeongeongdang, the 99-room house of the
highest ranking nobleman.
•
Insadong and the surrounding area were the residences of
Joseon Dynasty (1392-1910) officials, extended royal
families, and the yangban aristocratic class. The antique
art shops carry everyday items of the privileged class, as
these items became antiques in the face of modernity.
Insadong has been home to dozens of art galleries and
antique shops.
Insadong's narrow
alleys branch out
into all directions
from one main
street and they are
filled with many Korean restaurants with
reasonable prices, and local herb teashops. You
can also purchase a large range of souvenirs.
- 39 -

Section 6
Experiencing Korea
Changdeokgung Palace (A.D. 1484) and Skyscrapers
- 40 -

Post-Congress Tours
For those who can stay in Korea a few days more, following 3 tours are recommended
and we will help them make necessary arrangements with local travel agents.
• Gyeongju Tour (2 Nights and 3 Days)
Gyeongju, the ancient capital of the Shilla Kingdom, is a real treasure city of cultural
relics and a "must" for any tourist. This tour covers Bulguk Temple, the best-known
Korean Buddhist temple. A city filled with cultural relics, Gyeongju dates back to the
1st century B.C. in the province of Gyeongsangdo. The incredible 992-year history of
the Silla dynasty makes today's Gyeongju a tourist's dream. This picturesque city allows
tourists to step back in time and not only experience the beauty of the land and exquisite
architecture, but also to view numerous relics from the Silla Dynasty. This city attracts
around 8~9 million tourists a year (both domestic and foreign). Some the most famous
sites here include: Bulguksa Temple, Seokguram grotto, the National Gyeongju
Museum, Daereungwon Royal burial grounds, Bunhwangsa Temple, Cheomseongdae
Observatory, Hwangnyongsa Temple, Ahnapji Pond, Poseokjeong Watercourse,
Namsan Mountain, Bomun Lake Resort. At the 2002 World Heritage Committee
gathering, Gyeongju’s relics were recognized among the world’s most treasured (for the
preservation of Gyeongju’s relics, UNESCO has placed many relics on the international
‘Cultural Treasure’).
Seoul
Gyeongju
- 41 -

• Mt. Jirisan National Park (2 Nights and 3 Days)
A place with beautiful scenery, Mt. Jirisan National Park was the first to be designated
as a national park in 1967. It is a mountain range of awesome scale, extending across
the three provinces and five cities. The magnificent mountains and exceptional scenery
make this one of the most famous mountains in Korea. 1,915 meters above sea level,
Cheonwangbong Peak, considered being the pillar of heaven is the main peak. Mt.
Jirisan also features Banyabong and Nogodan, and is home to over 10 famous temples.
There are over twenty summits and valleys such as Baemsagol Valley, which is the
location of the most well preserved virgin forest in Korea and wild life, the majestic and
mystical mountain being often viewed with the highest respect. There are many species
of animal and plant life, and as the first place to cultivate tea in Korea; herbal medicine
cultivation still flourishes here. Mt. Jirisan was also where the Buddhist culture
prospered, and there are a lot of cultural assets here, such as Silsangsa Temple (National
Treasure No.7), Baekjangam and the Three-Story Stone Pagoda (National Treasure No.
26.). These regional cultural assets and the superb sceneries of nature give you a unique
taste of local history and culture. The weather is temperamental and only 80~100 days
out of the year are clear and sunny, but the mist and fog create rare scenes not found
elsewhere. Hwaeomsa is located in the southwest area of Mt. Jirisan, and is one of the
10 most famous temples on Mt. Jirisan. It is the most famous and representative temple
in Jirisan.
Seoul
Mt. Jirisan
- 42 -

• Jeju Tour (2 Nights and 3 Days)
Situated in a most ideal setting, just 64 kilometers south of the Korean Peninsula is
Korea’s largest island, Jeju. Jeju is a magical place known for 3 things: roaring winds,
magnificent rocks, and scores of women. As one of the host cities of the 2002
Korea/Japan FIFA World Cup, Jeju’s Seogwipo City made for a most enchanting
environment. Jeju is a focal point of international affairs and is able to offer people
many kinds of recreation with breathtaking vistas, a temperate climate and a unique
traditional culture. Located at the center of this volcanically formed island is Mt.
Hallasan (a dormant volcano), which is filled with over 1,800 species of vegetation,
scores of deer, and an ecosystem that will surely amaze all. Jeju offers unbelievably
breathtaking views from coast to coast, ranging from the waterfalls at Hae-anjidae to
the naturally sculpted cliffs at Jusang Jeolli. Tourists can enjoy each season in Jeju with
a particular splash of color; brilliant yellow-colored flowers in the spring that spread
across the landscape, the golden beaches and sea vistas in the summertime, the Eulalia’s
light brown wispy reeds flowing in the autumn winds, and the lovely snow flowers of
Hallasan in winter are all must-sees of Jeju. One can enjoy these wonderments by
hiking, bike riding, paragliding, scuba diving, windsurfing, hunting, horseback riding,
swimming in the ocean, and sightseeing boat trips. Jeju is in the process of changing
into an International Free City.
Seoul
Cheju
- 43 -

Quintessential Korean Food
• Kimchi
Ingredients: Chinese cabbage (or radish,
cucumber, etc), julienne radish, minced garlic,
diced green onion, salted fish, salt
Taste:
Description: Chinese cabbages and other
vegetables are soaked in salt water, and then
seasoned with different spices before being
fermented. There are many different types of
kimchi, such as cabbage kimchi (the most
common), cucumber kimchi, radish kimchi, cubed radish kimchi, green onion
kimchi, and more. It is a health food filled with vitamins, minerals, and more.
• Bibimbap (Boiled rice mixed with vegetables)
Ingredients: Rice, fernbrake, roots of balloon
flower, bean sprout, beef, red pepper paste,
sesame oil.
Taste:
Description: A dish made by mixing rice with
various other cooked vegetables. Great for
experiencing with different vegetables, pleasing to
the eye, and full of nutrients. Jeonju's variation of
the bibimbap is the most famous.
• Bulgogi (Marinated, barbecued beef)
Ingredients: Beef (or pork), pear juice or sugar,
soy sauce, minced garlic, diced green onion,
sesame oil
Taste:
Description: Beef or Pork is sliced thinly, then
marinated in seasoning before being grilled.
• Samgyetang (Chicken soup)
Ingredients: Young chicken, sweet rice, ginseng,
garlic, chestnut, jujube
Taste:
Description: A young chicken is cleaned out and
stuffed with various ingredients before being
boiled to draw out a delicious broth.
- 44 -

Annex I
Supporting Letters
1. Mayor of Seoul …………………………………………………. 6
2. Chairman of the Korea Science and Engineering Foundation …. 7
3. Chairman of the Korea Petrochemical Industry Association …... 8
Letters 1-3 are attached to Section 1.
4. President of the Korean Academy of Science and Technology… 46
5. President of the National Academy of Engineering of Korea….. 47
6. President of the Korean Union of Chemical Science and
Technology Societies ………………………………………….. 48
7. Executive Director of the Korea Specialty Chemical Industry
Association …………………………………………………….. 49
8. President of the Korean Chemical Society …………………….. 50
9. President of the Korean Society of Industrial and Engineering
Chemistry ……………………………………………………… 51
10. President of the Korea National Tourism Organization ………. 52
11. President of LG Chem, Ltd. …………………………………… 53
12. Chairman of BASF Company Ltd. ……………………………. 54
13. Chairman of SK Corporation ………………………………….. 55
14. CEO of Heesung Engelhard Ltd. …………………………… 56
15. President of Samsung-Atofina Ltd. ……………………………. 57
- 45 -

- 46 -

- 47 -

- 48 -

- 49 -

- 50 -

- 51 -

- 52 -

- 53 -

- 54 -

- 55 -

- 56 -

- 57 -

Annex II
Catalysis in Korea (Details)
1. History …………………………………………………………. 59
2. Research Groups in Public Institutions Engaged in Catalysis …. 63
3. National Research Centers …....................................................... 67
4. Catalysts and Catalytic Processes Developed in Korea ………... 69
5. Highlights in Academic Output ………………………………… 71
6. Highlights in Industrial Innovation …………………………….. 79
- 58 -

1) History
Catalysis research in Korea is a relatively young discipline. The first research in
catalysis began when Professor Hakze Chon, with a Ph.D. degree from Professor
Schwab’s laboratory in München, and 15 years of research at Mobil Research
Laboratories in America, returned to Korea to occupy the first chair in catalysis at the
newly created Korea Advanced Institute of Science. In March of 1979, 15 researchers in
universities and government-funded research institutes got together to organize a “club”
to exchange ideas on their research results. In 1980, a few of them attended the 7 th ICC
held in Tokyo, Japan. A number of prominent scholars attending the Congress were
invited to visit Korea and meet with the members of the “club” for the first ever
international symposium on catalysis held in Korea. The invited scholars included
Professors Schwab, Boudart, Hightower, Kwan, Barthomeuf, Gates and Vannice.
Although there were only about 60 participants altogether in this first symposium, this
was the beginning of very rapidly growing activities in catalysis. Most of the early
pioneers had received their training overseas and returned to Korea. Major universities
in Korea were training future catalysis researchers and a number of government-funded
research institutes were beginning to support catalysis research. In addition to the
rapidly increasing pool of young researchers inside Korea, there were several dozen
Korean students, mostly in the U.S., pursuing Ph.D. degrees in catalysis. By 1985, the
“club” grew enough to be recognized as a major Division within the Korean Institute of
Chemical Engineers (KIChE), one of the large (5,200 membership) and active
professional societies in Korea. Although the Division belonged to the KIChE, it
accommodated all members of the Korean Chemical Society and the Korean Society of
Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, who were working on catalysis. Such
membership established a unique character of the Division, represented by vibrant
discussions and cooperation among scholars in sectors spanning from science to
engineering and from academia to industry. Professor Hakze Chon became the first
Division director. Catalysis was engaged in mostly by those trained in the U.S., and
since catalysis is based largely in the chemical engineering departments in the American
universities, it has come to be associated with the chemical engineering profession in
Korea also.
Since it was organized as a division in 1984, the Catalysis Division has grown into the
most active group within KIChE and, by 1990, they accounted for about 20 % of the
approximately 700 papers presented at the two national meetings. As an indication of
the prominence of this Division, one division director (Professor Hakze Chon) went on
to become a cabinet member as Minister of Science & Technology, and four Division
directors served as the president of the Institute since the Division was organized 20
years ago. Some of the activities of the Catalysis Division are:
• Publication of the bi-annual journal “Catalysis” since 1985
• Organized 3-day annual summer research conferences modeled after Gordon
Conference since 1988, the 2003 conference drawing over 80 active participants
• Organized industrial catalytic technology workshops at the two major
petrochemical complexes since 1992
- 59 -

• Organized annual 2-day catalysis research tutorials for beginning graduate students,
drawing about 150 students each year since 1997
• Organized bilateral catalysis symposia with Japan, U.S., Taiwan, Australia,
Germany, Russia, 1985 – 2003
• Organized the 11 th International Zeolite Conference (IZC) in Seoul, Korea, 1996
• Organized the l st Asia-Pacific Catalysis Congress (APCAT) in Gyeongju, Korea,
1997
• Organized the 5 th International Workshop on Catalytic Combustion (IWCC), Seoul
(2002. 4)
• Organized the 3 rd International Mesostructured Materials Symposium (IMMS),
Jeju (2002. 7)
• Organized the 7 th International Conference on Carbon Dioxide Utilization
(ICCDU), Seoul (2003. 10)
In 1991, the Korean government, in recognition of the importance it attaches to the
catalysis research in universities, has granted a center-of-excellence award to the
Research Center for Catalytic Technology (RCCT). This 9-year grant permitted the
Center, headquartered at the Pohang University of Science & Technology, to act as a
consortium of university professors engaged in catalysis research. At any given time,
there were about 25 professors and their graduate students associated with the Center,
drawing research fund and interacting with each other and industries. This 9-year effort
with a total expenditure of approximately 20 Million U.S. Dollars resulted in elevating
catalysis research in major Korean universities to an international level; it also
contributed greatly toward collaborative work between academics and the industries to
develop catalytic technologies needed by Korea’s chemical industries. Another centerof-excellence,
Center for Molecular Catalysis, mostly devoted to homogeneous
catalysis, was established in 1995 in Seoul National University with about equal size as
the RCCT above. A list of major universities in which Ph.D. programs and substantial
catalysis research activities are underway is given in the following.
In addition, active research in catalysis takes place in three government-funded national
research laboratories: Korea Institute of Science & Technology (KIST), Korea Research
Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), and Korea Institute of Energy Research
(KIER). Major chemical and petroleum companies have established substantial research
laboratories for catalytic research since mid-1980s.
In 1994, major chemical, petrochemical and petroleum companies joined force to
organize the Catalytic Technology Research Association, a consortium of industries, to
support joint efforts by industrial and academic researchers for catalytic technology
development. As a result of these concerted efforts in catalysis R & D, a number of
indigenous catalytic technologies have been developed and put into commercial
practice. Lists of representative results are given in the following.
From its early days, Korean catalysis community has placed great emphases on
international exchanges. A number of bilateral symposia or workshops have been
organized; these meetings, 9 Korea - Japan symposia (1987 – 2003), 9 Korea - ROC
(1983 – 1999), 3 Korea - U.S. (1987 – 1993) , 2 Korea - Germany (1993 – 1996), 2
- 60 -

Korea - Australia (1993 – 96), attest to the very active international exchanges that were
organized by the Catalysis Division.
In 1996, the 11 th International Zeolite Conference was organized by the Catalysis
Division. This event, which drew about 800 participants from home and abroad, was the
largest IZC ever, and it was also the largest international event organized by the
catalysis community of Korea.
Korean scholars have actively taken part in other international meetings including ICC,
North American Catalysis Meeting, and the Tokyo Conference on Advanced Catalytic
Science & Technology (TOCAT). Korea sent the largest foreign delegation to TOCAT3
held in 1998, accounting for 26 among 110 overseas participants.
In 1997, the Korean catalysis community, now grown to membership exceeding 400
active participants undertook, with the help of the Japanese, U.S., Chinese, and
Australian catalysis communities, to consolidate a number of bilateral and trilateral
meetings into a single regional one. The first Asia-Pacific Catalysis Congress (APCAT)
was successfully launched in Gyeongju, Korea in November 1997 with over 200
participants from 12 countries including Australia, Canada, China, India, Japan, and the
U.S. in the Pacific rim and beyond. The APCAT was subsequently held in Sydney,
Australia in January 2000 (second) and in Dalian, China in October 2003 (third).
At present, the Catalysis Division has about 120 members with Ph.D. degrees; there are
another 280 members with M.S. degrees, about half of them pursuing Ph.D. degrees in
universities in Korea, with the rest engaged in R&D activities within industrial research
laboratories. Members regularly publish in such international journals as Journal of
Catalysis, Catalysis Letters, Journal of Molecular Catalysis, Catalysis Today, and
Applied Catalysis A and B. A number of them serve on the editorial boards of the
following journals and edited special issues as guest editors.
● Editorial board members: Applied Catalysis A (S.H. Moon), Applied Catalysis B (I.
Nam), Catalysis Letters (S.I. Woo, J.S. Lee), Topics in Catalysis (S.I. Woo, J.S. Lee),
Cattech (J.S. Lee), J. of Mol. Catal. B (S.B. Lee), Res. Chem. Interm. (S.-E. Park), Cat.
Surveys from Asia (S.H. Moon, G. Seo)
● Guest editors of special issues: Stud. Surf. Sci. Catal. Vol.102 (H. Chon, S.I. Woo, S.-
E. Park), Vol.105 (H. Chon, S.-K. Ihm, Y.S. Uh), Vol.146 (S.-E. Park, R. Ryoo, W.S.
Ahn, C.W. Lee, J.-S. Chang), Catal. Today Vol.38(2) (Y.G. Kim, I. Nam), Vol.44(1-4)
(Y.G. Kim, J.S. Lee), Vol.83(1-4) (S.K. Kang, S.I. Woo), Vol.87(1-4) (J.S. Lee, W. Choi,
Y. Okamoto)
As a rough measure of their vigorous publication activities, readily available statistics
show that the faculty members associated with the center-of-excellence, RCCT, (on
average about 24 professors at any given time), have published 495 papers in these
international journals during the 8 year period, 1992 – 1999.
The industrial utilization of catalysts has been increasing dramatically in the past few
- 61 -

decades. Catalyst industry that began in 1991 enjoyed a healthy 28.6% growth per year,
and produces catalysts valued in excess of 100 million U.S. dollars, while Korean
industries import about 250 million U.S. dollars worth of catalysts, not counting the
catalysts embedded in licensed technologies.
The petrochemical industry, which began with a planned ethylene production capacity
of 100,000 metric tons per year in 1968, grew by leaps and bounds. Ethylene capacity
stands at 5 million metric tons, a 50-fold increase in the quarter century that ended in
1993, making Korea the fifth largest ethylene producer in the world. Much effort is
being expended in order to develop catalytic technologies for manufacturing
downstream chemical intermediates from the outputs of naphtha crackers.
Chemical industries account for about 20% of Korean GDP, which is the 11 th largest in
the world. The rise of chemical industries in 1960s heralded the economic development
of Korea, and the catalysis community has a vital role to play in the growing sector of
the economy. Catalytic technologies have yet to reach a mature phase in Korea, thus the
catalysis community has an increasingly vital role to play in the growing sector of the
economy. Collaborative efforts between the academic/research community and
industrial practitioners will bring about the fruition of the 2 decades of activities in the
form of a large number of indigenous catalytic technologies, both for domestic use and
export.
This brief introduction to catalysis-related activities will close with a somewhat larger
picture of Korea’s total R & D efforts. Korea has been devoting an increasing portion of
its GDP toward R & D expenditures during the past two decades. After reaching 1% of
GDP in 1982, it kept rising until it reached 2% in 1991, 2.5% in 1995, and has remained
above 2.5% ever since, which is one of the highest among the OECD member countries.
Considering that Korean economy has experienced one of the fastest growths in the
world during the past few decades, this increase in R&D outlay is significant. In terms
of the government expenditure, 5% of the national budget was earmarked for R&D in
the year 2003. R&D manpower per 1000 in the labor force is approaching 5, which is
quite close to the average for the G7 nations.
- 62 -

2) Research Groups in Public Institutions Engaged in Catalysis
1. Research Center for Catalytic Technology (RCCT), Pohang
RCCT with headquarters located at Pohang University of Science and Technology
(POSTECH) was designated as Engineering Research Center (ERC) by the Korea
Science and Engineering Foundation and has been functioning as a consortium of
university professors. In addition to 5 POSTECH professors, there are about 20 other
professors located in several major universities, all engaged in catalysis research with a
total research manpower of about 100 personnel, mostly graduate students (M.S., Ph.D.
candidates) and several postdoctoral researchers. In 1999, 10 Ph.D. and 24 M.S. degrees
were produced by the consortium participants, with a total publication of 101 papers.
Research activities encompass fundamentals, petrochemicals, polymers, C 1 chemistry
and fine chemicals. Adequate state-of-the-art analytical instruments are available
including a 2 GeV Synchrotron Radiation Source located at POSTECH.
2. Center for Molecular Catalysis (CMC), Seoul
CMC located at Seoul National University was designated as a Science Research Center
(SRC) by the Korea Science and Engineering Foundation and has been the center for
research, mostly on homogeneous catalysis. Twenty professors and more than 100
graduate students carry out research on biological, biomimetic, inorganic and
electrochemical catalysts. Examples of research subjects are artificial enzymes and
receptors, catalytic mechanism of metalloenzymes, analysis of the three-dimensional
structure of biological catalysts, synthesis of supramolecular complexes, synthetic
studies of organometallic catalysts, chiral catalysts for asymmetric synthesis, and charge
transfer processes in photocatalysis.
3. Institute of Chemical Processes (ICP), Seoul
ICP is linked with School of Chemical Engineering of Seoul National University, the
first department to initiate chemical engineering education in Korea more than 50 years
ago. Five professors, 6 post-doctoral researchers and 63 graduate students carry out
research on metallocene and Ziegler-Natta catalysts, heteropolyacid and perovskite
catalysts for partial oxidation and isomerization, catalytic membrane reactor, deNO x and
HDS catalysts, zeolite synthesis, selective hydrogenation, fuel-cell electrode catalysts,
base catalysts, photo-catalysis for water splitting, and synthesis of microporous
materials. The ICP is supported by the Government and industries has initiated many
programs to introduce emerging technologies to catalysis area.
4. Departments of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Korea Advanced
Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon
KAIST has been the leading research institute in Korea not only in catalytic science and
engineering but also in the major areas of science and technology since its
establishment in 1973. More than 100 PhD's have graduated in the area of catalysis.
Catalysis research is actively pursued by five faculty members in the departments of
chemical engineering and chemistry. The Environmental Catalysis Laboratory and the
Nano-materials Laboratory have recently been nominated as National Research
Laboratories by the Government. Examples of research subjects are the synthesis and
- 63 -

characterization of zeolite and new microporous materials such as KIT-1 and carbon
molecular sieves, catalysis for C 1 chemistry, synthesis of specialty polymers using
Ziegler-Natta or metallocene catalysts, hydrotreating catalysts for HDS, HDN, HDW or
HDM, and deNO x catalysts.
5. Center for Ultramicrochemical Process Systems (CUPS), KAIST, Daejeon
CUPS was established in 2001 by the Ministry of Science & Technology as an excellent
national center intended for the next-generation science and technology and located at
KAIST (Korea Advanced Institute of Science & Technology). Twenty researchers are
carrying out research on the fabrication of microchemical and their applications. Special
emphases are put on the high-throughput-screening for the novel catalysts for
environments and energy conversion. Parallel syntheses of catalyst library and the fast
screening of their catalytic properties are being developed. High speed
characterization methods of catalysts such as TPD, Raman, UV/Visible, Fluorescence
and chemisorption measurement are developed. Data mining and informatics for the
best design of library are also pursued. The aim of CUPS is establishing the methods for
the high-throughput-screening of novel functional materials and creating new catalytic
processes and portable microchemical processes.
6. The Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul
KIST is the Government-established institute carrying out research to bridge
universities and local industries. In 1970s, it successfully commercialized catalytic
processes for the synthesis of malonic esters and CFC’s based on self-developed
technology. Twelve principal investigators at the Ph.D. level and about 20 researchers at
the M.S. level are working in areas including the preparation of aerogel-type materials
by the sol-gel process, C 1 chemistry, catalytic wet oxidation for waste-water treatment,
desulfurization and deodorization of exhaust gases, and synthesis of CFC alternatives.
This group is particularly strong in process development through pilot-plant tests.
7. The Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Daejeon
In this Government-established institute aimed at applied research to support the local
chemical industry, thirty researchers (15 Ph.D.s) are working in all areas of catalytic
technology. Recent developments by KRICT include the process for polybutene
synthesis from C 4 feedstocks (110,000 Ton/yr), ammoxidation catalysts for pyrazine
amide and acrylonitrile, catalysts for aromatic alkylation, CO 2 activation via Fischer-
Tropsch route, and zeolite-type detergent builder. KRICT is equipped with modern
instruments for catalyst characterization.
8. The Korea Institute of Energy Research (KIER), Daejeon
KIER is the Government-established institute for research on the efficient utilization of
energy from fossil and non-fossil fuel, and the exploitation of renewable energy. Twenty
five researchers (20 Ph.D.s) are working on photocatalysis, fabrication of industrial
catalysts and adsorbents, utilization of natural gas, catalytic combustion, and catalytic
abatement of hazardous gases.
- 64 -

9. The Research Institute for Catalysis (RIC) of Chonnam National University,
Gwangju
Ten faculty members and more than 60 graduate students in the departments of
chemical engineering, applied chemistry and chemistry are active members of RIC
devoted to catalysis research. An example of processes developed by RIC is the
catalytic removal of dissolved oxygen from cooling water of a power plant. Other
research includes the depolymerization of waste polymers, photocatalysis, zeolite and
mesoporous materials, and metal-complex catalysts.
10. Department of Chemical Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul
Four faculty members and 38 graduate students are active in researches on fuel cell,
photocatalysis, HDS and deNO x , aerogel catalysts for CO 2 reforming of methane, base
catalysts, and nano-porous materials.
11. Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul
Four professors and 20 graduate students are involved in C 1 chemistry, alkane activation,
fuel cell, deNOx, dePM and CO oxidation for auto-vehicles, biocatalysis, and catalytic
synthesis of specialty chemicals. Researches on plasma-induced catalytic reaction,
catalytic membrane reactor, micro reaction system, gas to liquid, biodiesel, DME, and
micro fuel cells are recently being performed.
12. Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul
Two professors and 15 graduate students are working on dearomatization of heavy oil,
modification and application of zeolitic materials, and characterization of supported
metal catalysts.
13. Departments of Chemical Engineering, Chemical Technology, and Chemistry,
Kyungpook National University, Daegu
Six professors and 33 graduate students are active in research on ethylene dimerization
using acid catalysts, fuel cell, methanol reforming, synthesis of specialty chemicals
using base catalysts, characterization of zeolite structure, and polymerization using
metallocene catalysts.
14. Department of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Daegu
Three professors and 10 graduate students are working on oxidation of volatile organic
chemicals, alkylation, desulfurization, alkane activation, and olefin copolymerization.
15. Department of Chemical Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan
Two professors and 15 graduate students are actively involved in catalytic recycling of
waste tires, CO 2 fixation, phase transfer catalysis, selective oxidation of hydrogen
sulfide, and simulation of reaction processes.
16. Department of Chemical Engineering, Pukyung National University, Busan
Two professors and 11 graduate students are working on selective oxidation of
hydrocarbons and hydrogen sulfide, characterization of mixed oxide catalysts, and
catalyst deactivation.
- 65 -

17. Department of Chemical Engineering, Kyungsang National University, Jinju
Two professors and 10 graduate students are working on oxidation of volatile organic
chemicals, selective hydrogenation, methanol reforming, photocatalysis and deNO x
catalysts.
18. Department of Chemical Engineering, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju
Three professors and 18 graduate students are working on synthesis and
characterization of zeolite and mesoporous materials, photocatalysis for deNO x , deSO x
and VOC removal, and reaction mechanism on model surface using UHV analysis
techniques.
19. Department of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon
Three professors and 14 graduate students are investigating the adsorption of pollutant
molecules on well-defined surface, C 1 chemistry, CO 2 reforming of methane,
photocatalysis, and carbon nanofibers.
20. Department of Chemical Engineering, Kyunghee University, Suwon
Two professors and 12 graduate students are working on zeolite and mesoporous
materials, fuel cell, CO oxidation and deNO x catalysts for auto-vehicles, and catalyst
deactivation.
21. Department of Chemical Engineering, Ajou University, Suwon
Two professors and 12 graduate students are working on methanol reforming,
application of mesoporous materials, deNO x catalysts for auto-vehicles, and oxidation
for VOC removal.
22. Department of Chemical Engineering, Inha University, Incheon
Two professors and 10 graduate students are working on the synthesis of new catalytic
molecular sieves by microwave hydrothermal process and fine/chiral chemicals by
surfactant-assisted catalytic process.
- 66 -

3) National Research Centers
Center for Microcrystal Assembly
Prof. Kyung Byung YOON
Sogang University
http://www.sogang.ac.kr/~zeolite/eindex.htm
Center for Functional Nanomaterials
Prof. Ryong RYOO
KAIST
http://rryoo.kaist.ac.kr/main.html
Nano-Materials Laboratory
Prof. Taeghwan HYEON
Seoul National University
http://nanomat.snu.ac.kr
Biocatalysis Research Laboratory
Dr. Moon-Hee SUNG
BioLeaders, Corp
http://biocatalysis.kribb.re.kr/
Fuel Cell Research Center
Dr. Chang-Soo KIM
Korea Institute of Energy Research
http://nfcrc.kier.re.kr/
Catalytic Pyrolysis of Naphtha
Dr. Won Ho LEE
LG Chem.
http://www.rnd.lgchem.co.kr/national/national/index.htm
Environmental Catalysis Laboratory
Prof. Son-Ki IHM
KAIST
http://envicat.kaist.ac.kr/
Organotransition Metal Catalysis Laboratory
Prof. Chul-Ho JUN
Yonsei University
http://chem.yonsei.ac.kr/~junch/
Surface Engineering Laboratory
Prof. Sang Heup MOON
Seoul National University
http://surf.snu.ac.kr/
- 67 -

Center for Ultramicrochemical Process Systems (CUPS)
Prof. Seong-Ihl WOO
KAIST
http://cups.kaist.ac.kr
Conversion Process Research Center
Dr. Wang Lae YOON
Korea Institute of Energy Research
http://ecprc.kier.re.kr/
Energy and Environmental Catalyst
Prof. Tae Jin LEE
Yeungnam University
http://enec.yu.ac.kr/
Green Chirotechnology
Dr. Chung Eui SONG
Korea Institute of Science and Technology
http://chirotech.kist.re.kr
R&D Center
Dr. Byong Sung KWAK
SK Corporation
http://www.skrnd.com/eng/
Organic Synthesis, Enzyme Chemistry, and Chirotechnology
Prof. Mahn-Joo KIM
Pohang University of Science & Technology
http://www.postech.ac.kr/chem/mjkim/
- 68 -

4) Catalysts and Catalytic Processes Developed in Korea
Product Process Key reactions Catalyst
Company Status
(inventer a ) (scale, year)
HDPE/LLDPE/
PP
Development of own catalyst
for the co-production of
n C 3 H 6 → -(CH-CH 2 ) n -
|
Supported
Ziegler-Natta
Korean
Petrochem.
35,000 t/y
1977
HDPE/LLDPE/PP
CH 3
type(Ti-Mg) Co.
Malonic acid
esters
First commercial process
based on carbonylation
2ROCOCH 2 Cl+2ROH+2CO+Na 2 CO 3
→ 2ROCOCH 2 COOR+2NaCl+H 2 O
+CO 2
Co 2 (CO) 8 Samsung
Fine Chem.
(KIST)
2,000 t/y
1985
Polybutene Direct synthesis process from
C 4 raffinate
CH 3
n CH 2 =C(CH 3 ) 2 → -(CH-CH 2 ) n -
CH 3
AlCl 3 Daelim
Industrial Co.
(KRICT)
12,000 t/y
1994
Diesel vehicle Catalytic combuster of diesel C m H n +(m+n/2)O 2 → mCO 2 +n/2H 2 O Precipitated SK Corp. 1996
exhaust filter vehicle emission
Pt
Acrylic acid Catalyst development for gas
phase oxidation of propylene
O 2 O 2
C 3 H 6 →CH2CH=CHO→CH 2 =CHCOOH
Mo-Bi-O(1 st )
Mo-V-O(2 nd )
LG Chem. 17 ton (1 st ), 23 ton
(2 nd ) replacements
Claus plant tail
Gas treatment
Reduce SO x in Claus tail gas
to H 2 S and recycle to achieve
zero sulfur emission
SO 2 +3H 2 → H 2 S+2H 2 O
Mo-Co-S
/Al 2 O 3
Pohang Iron
& Steel Co.
(POSTECH)
1996
8000 m 3 tail gas/h
1995
Sulfur removal
By partial
oxidation and
reduction
(SPOR)
CFC substitutes
(HCFC, HFC)
Repeated oxidation and
reduction of SO x /H 2 S.
Can replace Claus process
altogether or be attached to it
for tail gas treatment
Replacement of ozone
depleting CFC’s
SO 2 +2H 2 → S+2H 2 O (reduction)
2H 2 S +H 2 → 2S+2H 2 O (oxidation)
Mo-Co-s
/Al 2 O 3
(reduction)
V/SiO 2
(oxidation)
Pohang Iron
& Streel Co.
/Daelim Eng.
(POSTECH)
Demonstration
plant
(5 ton S/day)
1997
various Ulsan 7500 t/y, 1994
Petrochem. 12000 t/y, 1996
(KIST)
- 69 -

Product Process Key reactions Catalyst
Low
temperature
catalytic
combuster
Single layer
Pd/Rh catalyst
for CCC
applications
Neopentyl
glycol
(NPG)
Treatment of
PTA plant vent
stream
Forced circulation catalytic
combuster
A new three way catalyst for
Close Coupled Catalytic
Converter(CCC) attached
Close to engine
Catalytic process to produce
NPG from isobutyraldehyde
through hydroxypivaldehyde
Low temperature oxidation
of CO in the presence of Br
CH 4 +3/2O 2 → CO 2 +H 2 O
DeNOx catalyst Catalysts for selective
Catalytic reduction of
NO x
6NO +4 NH 3 → 5 N 2 + 6H 2 O
BTX Aromatics transalkylation -
& aromatization
Polycarbonates Phosgene-free PC process Diphenyl carbonates + Bisphenol-A
Polyethylene,
polypropylene
Catalysts for polyolefin
synthesis
a Cases when the company is different from the inventor.
O 2
noble
metal/alumina
fiber mat
Company
(inventer a )
KIER
Status
(scale, year)
Samhyun Co.
1995
CO, C m H n → CO 2
C m H n
NO x → N 2
Pd/Rh/CeO 2
BMO/
Cordierite
Hyundai
Automobile/
Heesung-
Engelhard
(CH 3 ) 2 CHCHO→HOH 2 CC(CH 3 ) 2 CHO Raney Ni LG Chem. 18000 MT/y
H 2
Ni HCHO
1997
→ HOH 2 CC(CH 3 ) 2 CH 2 OH
CO+ 1/2O 2 → CO 2
Pd-Cu/C
Br
Samsung
Petrochem.
Co.
(POSTECH)
SK Corp.
60000 NM 3 vent
gas/h
1998
Commercialized
(2001)
Toluene + C 9+ Aromatics → BTX Zeolite type SK Corp. Commercialized
with Zeolyst (2003)
Solid catalysts LG Chem Ready to be
→ polycarbonates
licensed (2003)
C n H 2n → PE, PP
Catalysts for Sam Sung- Commercialized
slurry and gas Atofina (2003)
processes
- 70 -

5) Highlights in Academic Output
C&EN Volume 82, Number 3, p. 62 (January 19, 2004)
Reagent cuts peptide bonds
Peptide amide bonds are notoriously unreactive under physiological conditions, but Nenad M. Kostic and
coworkers at Iowa State University, Ames, have now devised a reagent that cleaves peptides at pH 7 in a
sequence-specific manner [J. Am. Chem. Soc., published online Dec. 24, 2003]. The reagent (shown, red)
is a conjugate of a palladium(II) aqua complex, which cleaves amide bonds involving proline residues,
and -cyclodextrin, which binds aromatic side chains and positions the inorganic complex for specific
cleavage adjacent to a proline-phenylalanine sequence in a chosen peptide. The hydrolysis is fairly slow
but could be improved. "Our ultimate goal is to complement natural proteolytic enzymes with synthetic
inorganic-organic conjugates that have selectivities unachievable with natural enzymes," Kosti says. In
a related study, the site-selective hydrolysis of proteins with synthetic catalysts under physiological
conditions was also recently achieved by chemistry professor Junghun Suh and coworkers at Seoul
National University, Korea [J. Am. Chem. Soc., 125, 14580, 2003].
C&EN Volume 81, Number 36, p. 24 (September 8, 2003)
How Viagra works, structurally
Anti-impotence drugs like sildenafil (Viagra, shown) work by binding with an enzyme known as
PDE5, a member of the enzyme superfamily of phosphodiesterases. PDE5 thwarts erections by breaking
down cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) needed for smooth-muscle relaxation. Drug designers
have therefore looked for molecules like sildenafil that are structurally similar to cGMP. An even better
tool, however, would be a detailed picture of PDE5 itself bound with an inhibitor. Now, a team led by
Joong Myung Cho of CrystalGenomics, in Daejeon, South Korea, has determined crystal structures of
human PDE5 complexed with each of three different inhibitors: sildenafil, tadalafil, and vardenafil
[Nature, 425, 98 (2003)]. The topology of these structures is similar to that of an already-studied system
involving the related PDE4 and an inhibitor, but only 23% of the amino acid sequences in the enzymes'
catalytic regions are shared. This information should help researchers design better, more specific drugs
that inhibit PDE5, the authors say.
- 71 -

C&EN Volume 81, Number 32, p. 21 (August 11, 2003)
Polyurethane orders zeolites
By using uniformly aligned polyurethane films as templates, chemistry professor Kyung Byung Yoon
and coworkers at Sogang University, Seoul, South Korea, can control the synthesis of multicrystal arrays
of silicalite-1, a type of zeolite [Science, 301, 818 (2003)]. The researchers also found that they can
change crystal orientation by varying the type of polyurethane film used. The majority of silicalite-1
crystals Yoon's group grew on one type of polymer-coated glass were oriented with their smallest surface
touching the glass and their larger surfaces touching one another (shown)--not unlike standing eggs on
end. In contrast, silicalite-1 crystals grown on bare glass plates were oriented with their largest surface
contacting the glass. When Yoon's team altered the basicity of the gel used to apply the polyurethane film,
they were able to grow arrays of crystals of different shapes and sizes. They hope these results will lead
to applications for zeolites in innovative materials and devices.
C&EN Volume 80, Number 12, p. 38 (March 25, 2002)
Fullerene-metal sandwich
The two C 60 groups in the first example of a fullerene-metal sandwich complex communicate strongly
with each other through the metal spacer, according to researchers in South Korea [J. Am. Chem. Soc.,124,
2872 (2002)]. Joon T. Park, professor of chemistry at Korea Advanced Institute of Science & Technology,
and coworkers synthesized the compound Rh 6 (CO) 5 (dppm) 2 (CNCH 2 C 6 H 5 )(C 60 ) 2 , where dppm =
bis(diphenylphosphino)methane. X-ray diffraction studies show that one of the six rhodium atoms of the
cluster connects the two C 60 ligands. (For clarity, the other ligands are not pictured in the structure shown
here.) The compound serves as a model for two carbon nanotubes connected by a heterogeneous
inorganic junction. Cyclic voltammetry studies of the complex suggest unusually strong electronic
communication between the fullerenes, the researchers say. They are working to understand the nature of
the bonding between the metal spacer and the C 60 cages.
- 72 -

C&EN Volume 80, Number 26, p. 21 (July 1, 2002)
Suzuki coupling catalyzed by palladium shells
Hollow palladium spheres fabricated in the laboratory have been successfully used as a recyclable
heterogeneous catalyst for Suzuki coupling reactions [J. Am. Chem. Soc., 124, 7642 (2002)]. Taeghwan
Hyeon, an associate professor of chemical engineering at Seoul National University, in South Korea, and
coworkers prepared spherical shells that are 300 nm across and consist of 10-nm palladium particles. The
large surface area of these shells makes them highly active catalysts in Suzuki cross-coupling reactions
such as the one shown here. In previous studies, other groups reported that palladium nanoparticles used
in these reactions agglomerated after one cycle, resulting in a loss of catalytic activity. "To our surprise,"
Hyeon and coworkers write, "[our Pd spheres] maintained their catalytic activities even after seven
recycles. In addition, simple filtering can retrieve the catalyst from the reaction pot." Hyeon says this
heterogeneous catalyst is nearly as active as the most popular homogeneous palladium catalyst used for
Suzuki coupling. Furthermore, he believes the new catalyst could also be applied to other important
carbon-carbon coupling reactions.
C&EN Volume 80, Number 38, p. 90 (September 23, 2002)
Ionic liquid coating boosts biocatalysis
Biocatalysis in organic solvents, while convenient for process chemistry, generally limits the activity and
selectivity of enzymes that naturally operate under aqueous conditions. To compensate, enzyme
modification, molecular imprinting, and other approaches have been used to boost the efficiency of
enzymes. A new approach reported by graduate student Jae Kwan Lee and chemistry professor Mahn-Joo
Kim of Pohang University of Science & Technology, in South Korea, involves coating enzymes with an
ionic liquid [J. Org. Chem., 67, 6845 (2002)]. The researchers melt the imidazolium salt shown at 53 °C,
then add 0.1 mass equivalent of Pseudomonas cepacia lipase powder. This mixture is first stirred, cooled
to re-form a solid, and then broken down into small particles. Lee and Kim tested the ionic liquid-coated
enzyme in the transesterification of secondary alcohols in toluene. They found that the coated enzyme has
nearly the same activity as the untreated enzyme and in most cases provides a twofold improvement in
enantioselectivity.
- 73 -

C&EN Volume 79, Number 44, p. 22 (October 29, 2001)
Organic sheath protects silver nanowires
Metal nanowires less than a nanometer thick promise to be interesting and useful tools, particularly for
nanoelectronics. But such wires are so fragile and so sensi-tive to oxidation that they tend to crumble
seconds after being prepared. Now, chemistry professor Kwang S. Kim, director of the Center for
Superfunctional Materials at Pohang University of Science & Technology in South Korea, and his
colleagues have designed a sturdy organic framework to house and protect the nanowires. Kim's group
has created self-assembled nanotube clusters from calix[4]hydroquinone units [J. Am. Chem. Soc., 123,
10748 (2001)]. In mixtures of acetone and water, the calix[4]hydroquinones form "chessboardlike" arrays
of rectangular pores, the authors write. They insert silver ions into the tubes, creating wires no more than
0.4 nm in diameter yet with micrometer-scale lengths [Science, 294, 348 (2001)]. Unlike previous
attempts, which required high vacuum or extreme temperatures and pressures, the nanowire arrays can be
synthesized under mild conditions.
C&EN Volume 79, Number 52 (December 24, 2001)
A Better Recipe For -Fe 2 O 3 Nanocrystallites
A promising new method for the synthesis of highly crystalline, uniformly sized maghemite ( -Fe 2 O 3 )
nanoparticles has been devised by researchers in South Korea [J. Am. Chem. Soc., 123, 12798 (2001)].
Such magnetic nanoparticles are of interest for a host of applications, including medical imaging and
drug delivery. Although relatively uniform maghemite and magnetite nanoparticles have been synthesized
recently by other groups, time-consuming size-selection procedures were necessary. Not so with the new
method, according to Taeghwan Hyeon, an assistant professor of chemical engineering at Seoul National
University.
Hyeon and his coworkers first prepare uniformly sized iron nanoparticles by decomposing Fe(CO) 5 in
octyl ether in the presence of oleic acid (a stabilizing agent) at 100 ºC and then aging the iron oleate
complex at 300 ºC. Next, the iron particles are oxidized to -Fe 2 O 3 nanocrystallites (shown) using
trimethylamine oxide [(CH 3 ) 3 NO], a mild oxidant. By adjusting reaction parameters, the researchers can
"tune" the size of the -Fe 2 O 3 particles from 4 to 16 nm. Particles 13 nm in size can also be made in a
single step using a variation of the procedure. Hyeon foresees using the process to prepare multikilogram
quantities of nanoparticles.
Chemist Christopher B. Murray's team at IBM Watson Research Center in Yorktown Heights, N.Y., has
tried the new synthesis, and Murray says "it works beautifully." The high quality, crystallinity, and
uniformity of the particles are "pretty compelling," he tells C&EN. Murray thinks the method "will be
rapidly adopted as a new standard" for the preparation of -Fe 2 O 3 nanoparticles.
- 74 -

C&EN Volume 78, Number 21, p. 8-9 (May 22, 2000)
Epoxidation Catalyst Immobilized In Ionic Liquid
Chemists in South Korea have employed a room-temperature ionic liquid to immobilize, recover, and
recycle a homogeneous chiral catalyst that is used for the asymmetric epoxidation of alkenes.
Principal research scientist Choong Eui Song and research scientist Eun Joo Roh at the Korea Institute of
Science & Technology, Seoul, immobilized a catalyst known as Jacobsen's chiral (salen)- manganese(III)
epoxidation catalyst in the air- and moisture-stable ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium
hexafluorophosphate, [bmim][PF 6 ]. They showed that the immobilized catalyst can be recycled five times
when used for the asymmetric epoxidation of 2,2-dimethylchromene and other alkenes with only a slight
decrease in enantioselectivity and activity [Chem. Commun., 2000, 837].
"Song and Roh describe remarkable results in a very exciting new field--oxidation chemistry in ionic
liquids," notes Peter Wasserscheid, chemistry lecturer at the University of Technology, Aachen, in
Germany, whose own research includes catalytic reactions in ionic liquids. "Their work gives a clear hint
that selective oxidation may be another area where the unique solvent properties of ionic liquids can
make a difference."
Immobilized chiral catalysts offer practical advantages over soluble catalysts by facilitating separation of
the catalyst from reagents and products after the reaction and by simplifying catalyst recycling, Song and
Roh point out. However, most immobilization techniques, such as anchoring a catalyst to a solid support,
usually require structural modification of the catalyst and can lead to partial loss of activity or
enantioselectivity or both.
"Although several attempts to immobilize Jacobsen's (salen)Mn(III) epoxidation catalyst have been made,
no successful procedure has been reported until now," Song tells C&EN. "We have shown that Jacobsen's
catalyst in a reaction medium containing [bmim][PF 6 ] exhibits comparable enantioselectivities in
asymmetric epoxidation of alkenes to those obtained without an ionic liquid.
"One of the major novelties of this immobilization technology using ionic liquids is that the
homogeneous chiral catalyst can be used without any structural modification," he continues. "Moreover,
we observed remarkable rate enhancement for the asymmetric epoxidation of 2,2-dimethylchromene in
the presence of [bmim][PF 6 ]."
Song and Roh showed that epoxidation of the alkene was complete in two hours, whereas the same
reaction without an ionic liquid required six hours.
- 75 -

C&EN Volume 78, Number 32, p. 14 (August 7, 2000)
Cyclodextrin Makes Polyfullerene Water Soluble
A general strategy for the synthesis of water-soluble main-chain polyfullerenes developed by scientists in
South Korea has potential for biomedical applications and for building molecular machinery, they claim.
The group prepared a water-soluble poly(fullerocyclodextrin) by the nucleophilic polyaddition of C 60 and
a supramolecular host-guest complex of cyclodextrin and an aromatic diamine. The work was carried out
by Kurt E. Geckeler , professor of materials science and engineering; postdoctoral researcher Shashadhar
Samal; and graduate student Bum-Jin Choi at Kwangju Institute of Science & Technology [Chem.
Commun., 2000, 1373].
"Previous attempts to synthesize fullerene main-chain polymers have been based on multistep synthetic
concepts and resulted in water-insoluble materials," Geckeler tells C&EN. "Our new reaction concept,
which we call the supramolecular polyreaction, is designed to hydrophilize the guest monomer, a
hydrophobic aromatic diamine, by shielding it in the cavity of a cyclodextrin.
"Our hydrophilic polyadduct is not only the first water-soluble polyfullerene, but also the first polymeric
fullerene with supramolecular architecture," he says.
Geckeler points out that water-soluble fullerene derivatives--such as fullerenols, fullerene-dendrimers,
and fullerene-cyclodextrins--have recently been shown to be biologically active.
"The very few water-soluble fullerene derivatives that are available exhibit very interesting antiviral,
antitumor, and other biomedical properties," he observes. "These properties can essentially be attributed
to fullerenes behaving like radical sponges.
"We have shown that our polyfullerene scavenges the living free radical, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl,
more strongly than C 60 itself," he continues. "Furthermore, we found that the polymer cleaves DNA
oligonucleotides in the presence of light. These results indicate that the polymer retains the properties of
pristine C 60 and many applications in medicine and genetic engineering can therefore be envisaged."
Ben L. Feringa, chemistry professor at Groningen University, the Netherlands, and an expert on
supramolecular chemistry, remarks that the synthesis of a water-soluble main-chain polyfullerene is a
significant step forward. He notes that the supramolecular host-guest moiety of the polymer is a rotaxane
unit: a linear "thread" passes through the cavity of a macrocyclic "ring."
"The polyrotaxane, if it can be proven unambiguously to be linear as proposed by the authors, is a nice
example of combining function with molecular beauty derived from supramolecular chemistry," he says.
"As rotaxanes play a prominent role in a number of current approaches to molecular-type motors, these
polyfullerenes could be a great source of inspiration toward the design of multicomponent molecular
machinery in the near future."
- 76 -

Nature 408, p. 449-453 (2000)
Direct imaging of the pores and cages of three-dimensional mesoporous materials
YASUHIRO SAKAMOTO*, MIZUE KANEDA*, OSAMU TERASAKI*†#, DONG YUAN ZHAO‡,
JI MAN KIM§, GALEN STUCKY #, HYUN JUNE SHIN & RYONG RYOO#
* Department of Physics and CIR, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
† CREST, Japan Science and Technology Corporation, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
‡ Department of Chemistry, Fudan University , Shanghai 200433, China
§ Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA, and Catalysis Center for
Molecular Engineering, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Yusong, Taejon , 305-600, Korea
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Materials Department, University of California, Santa Barbara , California 93106, USA
Materials Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry (School of Molecular Science-BK21), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and
Technology, Taejon 305-701, Korea
# These authors contributed equally to this work
Mesostructured composite materials, with features ranging from 20 to 500 Å in size, are obtained by the
kinetically controlled competitive assembly of organic and inorganic species into nanostructured domains.
Short-range order is limited, and long-range order is determined by weak forces such as van der Waals or
hydrogen-bonding. Three-dimensional mesoporous materials obtained by removing the organic phase are
of particular interest for applications such as catalysis and chemical sensing or separation, for which
structural features such as cavity shape, connectivity and ordered bimodal porosity are critical. But
atomic-scale structural characterization by the usual diffraction techniques is challenging for these
partially ordered materials because of the difficulty in obtaining large (> 10 µm) single crystals, and
because large repeat spacings cause diffraction intensities to fall off rapidly with scattering angle so that
only limited small-angle data are available. Here we present a general approach for the direct
determination of three-dimensional mesoporous structures by electron microscopy. The structure
solutions are obtained uniquely without pre-assumed models or parametrization. We report highresolution
details of cage and pore structures of periodically ordered mesoporous materials, which reveal
a highly ordered dual micro- and mesoscale pore structure.
Figure SEM images and X-ray powder diffraction patterns of assynthesized
SBA-1 (a) and SBA-6 (b)
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C&EN Volume 77, Number 26, p. 10-11 (June 28, 1999)
Photocatalysts split water in high yield
The prospect of using solar energy to convert water into hydrogen and oxygen has received a boost with
the discovery of a new class of semiconducting photocatalysts that are highly efficient at splitting water
under ultraviolet irradiation.
The new photocatalysts were prepared from materials known as layered perovskites by chemical
engineering professor Jae S. Lee and coworkers at Pohang University of Science & Technology, South
Korea [Chem. Commun.,1999, 1077].
The group showed that by impregnating the layered perovskite powders with nickel, quantum yields of
up to 23% can be achieved. The quantum yield is the percentage of photons used to generate products in a
photochemical reaction. The previous best quantum yield for UV-photocatalytic water splitting, 5%, was
achieved by chemistry professor Kazunari Domen and his group at Tokyo Institute of Technology using
other types of layered perovskites.
"Our work has achieved not only unprecedented high quantum yields but also demonstrates a strong
relationship between structure and performance of the semiconductor photocatalysts," Lee tells C&EN.
The perovskite materials prepared by the Korean group have the generic composition A m B m O 3m+2 , where
A is Ca, Sr, or La; B is Nb or Ti; and m is 4 or 5. The group showed that the highest rates of water
splitting occur when the materials are loaded with 1.0% by weight of nickel.
"The discovery that this class of compounds makes good UV-photocatalysts is important," comments
Thomas E. Mallouk, chemistry professor at Pennsylvania State University, University Park. "To go from
5% to 23% quantum efficiency for overall water splitting is a big step. However, the process requires UV
light. To be useful, a catalyst would need to work with visible light."
In general, photocatalytic water splitting over a semiconductor occurs when the catalyst is illuminated
with light of sufficient energy to generate excited electron-hole pairs that can be separated. It is not yet
clear, Mallouk points out, how these new materials work or what their microstructures are.
"If we can understand the mechanism of photochemical charge separation in this new class of compounds,
then it may help us to improve on existing materials which operate, albeit inefficiently, with visible light,"
Mallouk says.
Lee's group is already looking at ways to modify these materials for use with visible light. "We are
working on new preparation methods to increase their surface areas," he says. "With high surface areas,
such materials might find applications not only in photocatalytic water splitting but also in the
photodestruction of toxic materials and in the reduction of carbon dioxide."
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6) Highlights in Industrial Innovation
1) LG Chem marks an epoch in the Non-phosgene Polycarbonate Process
LG Chem, Ltd., the largest chemical company in Korea, has independently developed a
new Non-phosgene Polycarbonate Process using its own technology. With the
development of this new ‘Condensed Non-phosgene Polycarbonate Process’, LG Chem
has marked an epoch in the non-phosgene polycarbonate process.
Polycarbonate is an engineering plastic widely used in optical discs (CDs and DVDs),
automotive and electrical applications, housing components, industrial equipments and
computers. This diversity in usage comes from its unique properties of high strength,
heat resistance and excellent dimensional and color stability.
The non-phosgene polycarbonate process is known to be an environmentally friendly
method compared to the conventional interfacial polycarbonate preparation process,
which uses phosgene gas. This phosgene-free process lowers the production cost by
eliminating the need for extra care of the phosgene gas.
"Compared with the conventional phosgene process, the newly developed process is
likely to reduce investment costs by 70%. For instance, the investment for a plant with a
capacity of 60,000 metric ton per year can be significantly reduced to less than USD
100 million from USD 250 million," said Jong-Kee Yeo, the CTO and president of LG
Chem. There is also the added benefit of lower production costs by reducing the plant
operating cost.
Only a few companies, worldwide, have succeeded in developing the environmentally
friendly non-phosgene polycarbonate process. LG Chem’s Condensed Non-phosgene
Polycarbonate Process has been taken a step further by solving the problems of product
quality and long production time that other non-phosgene polycarbonate processes have.
The Condensed Non-phosgene Polycarbonate Process is a result of perseverance and
countless hours invested in its development since 1997. In addition, it is the outcome of
LG Chem’s decade-long effort to develop environment-friendly processes along with
the Non-phosgene MDI (Methylene Diphenyl Diiocyanate) process developed in 1995.
The economics of LG’s MDI process has been evaluated by SRI International (REP
Review 94-1-2)
The Condensed Non-phosgene Polycarbonate Process is currently patent pending in 9
countries such as the U.S., Japan and Germany.
LG Chem is likely to see great benefit by exporting its highly advanced non-phosgene
MDI technology as well as its newly developed non-phosgene polycarbonate
technology.
Furthermore, the company said that it would also consider of forming a joint venture
with a foreign partner to pave the way towards overseas expansion.
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2) SK’s New Transalkylation Catalysts
SK Corp, the second largest chemical company in Korea, has successfully developed its
own catalysts for large-scale chemical processes. The processes e.g. Tatoray Process,
produce xylenes, the main raw material for manufacturing polyesters, by transalkylation
between toluene and C 9+ aromatics. UOP is the major current supplier of these catalysts
sharing 90% of international market. The new SK catalysts (ATA-11, ART-11) are based
on a zeolite like existing catalysts, but a metallic function has been added to prolong its
life time two times. Application of this concept to this type of catalysts has only been
preceded by Toray, Japan. According to SK’s scientists DR. B.S. Kwak, the new
catalyst improves xylene yield by 40% and allows cheaper heavy C 9+ aromatics to be
used. Due to its high activity, the reaction temperature could be reduced from 390 o C to
340 o C. The invention is the fruit of 4-year R&D efforts during 1996-2000, and was
test for practical application for two years in an SK’s Ulsan plant.
Recently SK sold the technology to manufacture these catalysts to Zeolyst International.
Zeolyst, a subsidiary company of Royal Dutch Shell Group of Company, is the global
catalyst manufacture with worldwide reputation. Zeolyst will manufacture and sell the
catalysts, and the profit will be shared with SK on a royalty basis. Two companies
expect to take 90% of the share of the international market for these catalysts by 2007.
3) LG Chem develops a new Acrylic Acid production process
LG Chem, Ltd., the largest chemical company in Korea, has successfully developed a
newly advanced Acrylic Acid production process using its own technology.
Acrylic Acid, which is the raw material for Acrylates, is a monomer widely used over
3000 products such as SAP (Super Absorbent Polymer), paint, adhesives, etc. This
diversity in usage comes from its superior reaction quality.
Based on its wide properties, the global Acrylic Acid market is a KRWon 5 trillion
market with an estimated annual growth of 5%. Currently, China has a dominant share
with an annual growth of more than 15%.
With the development and integration of a new reacting structure and an innovative
recovery & purification technique, LG Chem's new Acrylic Acid production process has
greatly enhanced the production efficiency and stability. In 1998, the company also
succeeded in the development of the oxidation catalyst, which is crucial in producing
Acrylic Acids and commercialized it in 2000.
"The development of a new Acrylic Acid production process is the result of
perseverance and countless hours invested in its development since 2001. The success
has great significance since it is based on our own technology and that it is an improved
process with a cost saving effect compared to the conventional process," said Jong-Kee
Yeo, the CTO and president of LG Chem.
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Only a few companies, worldwide, have succeeded in developing this Acrylic Acid
production process. With the successful development of this technology as well as its
commercialized oxidation catalyst, LG Chem has now become the world's 4th company
to possess the entire process to produce Acrylic Acid. Moreover, LG Chem has taken a
step further than its competitors by enhancing the lifespan of catalysts, productivity, and
saving energy.
"The new process is expected to create an incremental net profit in our Acrylates
business. Furthermore, additional benefits are expected as we have plans to export our
new technology and to establish our own new facility in the near future," the CTO
added.
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