Scientific Integrity and Ethical Issues in Publishing - International ...

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Ethical review ‣ Exists to protect the rights, safety, dignity and well-being of research participants; AND ‣ To facilitate and promote ethical research that is of potential benefit to participants, science and society. ‣ Elements of a review: • Scientific design and conduct of study • Recruitment, , care and protection of research participants • Protection of confidentiality • Informed consent process • Community considerations ‣ In theory: : all research that involves human subjects requires ethical approval • National guidelines differ • Review boards can also grant waivers WHO guidelines (elements) National Research Ethics Service (UK)
Participant’s consent ‣ Any research that studies humans may pose a risk (e.g. side- effects) ) and always inflicts a cost (e.g. time). More ‘invasive’ studies carry a greater risk ‘The voluntary consent of the human subject is absolutely essential’ First principle of the Nuremberg Code. ‣ Important to note: : Consent legally protects authors/ journals/ publishers, , but ‘fails to protect the participant from future personal negative consequences of being the subject of a report.’ • The need for an informed decision by the participant varies: • have sufficient knowledge –including potential risks and harms- and comprehension of the study. Voluntary, knowing and competent? • Consent to participate in research is not the same as consent to publication i.e. sharing of individual data. • To consider: minors/disability disability, language, education level, , time for questions, withdrawal clause, publication information. Adopted from Informed Consent for Case Reports Levine&Stagno J Psychoter Pract Res 2001 + Framework for Operations and Implementation Research in Health and Disease Control Programs + Nuremberg Code + Declaration of Helsinki.
Page 1 and 2: Workshop Scientific Integrity and E
Page 3 and 4: Procedures to prevent or resolve mo
Page 5 and 6: Integrity in Research Publishing
Page 7 and 8: Publication Ethics The Deadly Sins
Page 9 and 10: Ethical Issues: Authors’ Seven De
Page 11 and 12: Consequences of Negligent Carelessn
Page 13 and 14: 2. Redundant Publication Sin 2 Redu
Page 15 and 16: 4. Undeclared Conflict of Interest
Page 17 and 18: Conflict of Interest: ISAJE Guideli
Page 19 and 20: 5. Violations of human and animal s
Page 21 and 22: Self-Plagiarism: ‣ Author is not
Page 23 and 24: 7. Other Scientific Misconduct •
Page 25 and 26: Biomedical Authorship Elise Langdon
Page 27 and 28: Who is an author? The person who wr
Page 29 and 30: ICMJE exclude from authorship Someo
Page 31 and 32: Who are guest authors? Named author
Page 33 and 34: What’s s wrong with guest/ghost G
Page 35 and 36: Who checks authorship? ‣ Office o
Page 37 and 38: How to prevent authorship problems
Page 39 and 40: Contributor statements • Some jou
Page 41 and 42: Reporting ethics in scientific publ
Page 43 and 44: Nuremberg Code and Helsinki Declara
Page 45: Ethical reporting starts at the ‘
Page 49 and 50: Participant’s anonymity Every pre
Page 51 and 52: Reporting correctly ‣ Clinical tr
Page 53 and 54: Scientific issues embrace three eth
Page 55 and 56: The Philosopher’s s Question ‣
Page 57 and 58: General Ethical Principles Respect
Page 59 and 60: Ethical analysis requires asking th
Page 61 and 62: Application of Universal Values ___
Page 63 and 64: How did we do? ‣ Please take a mi
Page 65 and 66: Have a guess… ‣ Average number
Page 67 and 68: Participant’s consent ‣ Also re
Page 69 and 70: What Laws, Standard, Policies, Prac
Page 71 and 72: What laws, standards, policies, pra

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