(Coturnix coturnix japonica) during rearing and laying periods - IBNA
(Coturnix coturnix japonica) during rearing and laying periods - IBNA
(Coturnix coturnix japonica) during rearing and laying periods - IBNA
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78<br />
M. M. Nagharchi et al.<br />
room with continuous lighting was maintained at 33˚ C initially, <strong>and</strong> reduced by<br />
3˚ C/wk until reached 21˚ C, at which the room temperature was maintained for<br />
the end of experiment. Light was provided 24 h a day. Body weight gain, feed<br />
consumption <strong>and</strong> feed efficiency (feed: gain) were checked weekly. At the end<br />
of the study period (day 42), one bird was r<strong>and</strong>omly selected from each<br />
replicate of each treatment group <strong>and</strong> moved to metabolic cage <strong>and</strong> reared for 7<br />
days. During this period, chicks were fed by their diet with 0/3% chromic oxide.<br />
3 days of the beginning of this period was as adaptation period <strong>and</strong> after than<br />
fecal samples were collected daily. At the end of this period (7 days), all chicks<br />
were slaughtered <strong>and</strong> ileum (from Meckel’s diverticulum to 1 cm above<br />
ileocaecal junction) samples were collected. All of the samples weighted in<br />
aluminum foil <strong>and</strong> were dried in an oven at 60˚ C. After 48 hours, they ground<br />
in a mixer <strong>and</strong> heated in an oven at 600˚ C to remove organic matter. The<br />
grounded samples were used to measurement quantities of protein, fat <strong>and</strong> dry<br />
matter. The protein content (N×6.25) of diet <strong>and</strong> individual samples of excreta<br />
was determined by the Kjeldahl method after acid digestion. Ileum <strong>and</strong> fecal<br />
chromium (Cr) were analyzed by the procedure described by Fenton <strong>and</strong> Fenton<br />
(1979), using spectrophotometry. Fat <strong>and</strong> protein digestibility were calculated<br />
using the following formula:<br />
100% - [100% × (Cr concentration in feed ÷Cr concentration in excreta) ×<br />
(fat or protein concentration in excreta ÷ fat or protein concentration in feed)]<br />
Table 1: Starter diet composition<br />
Ingredients Diet Diet with<br />
(%) without 1.5%<br />
whey dried<br />
whey<br />
Corn 58.0<br />
Soybean 37.9<br />
Fat 0<br />
DCP 1.65<br />
CaCO3 1.31<br />
Salt 0.2<br />
Methionine 0.2<br />
Lysine 0.04<br />
Additive 0.55<br />
Sodium bi 0.1<br />
carbonate<br />
Whey 0<br />
Calculated analysis<br />
ME kcal/kg) 2879<br />
CP %<br />
CA %<br />
AP%<br />
MET %<br />
LYZ %<br />
21.81<br />
0.95<br />
0.47<br />
0.55<br />
1.3<br />
57.1<br />
37.4<br />
0<br />
1.61<br />
1.3<br />
0.2<br />
0.2<br />
0.04<br />
0.55<br />
0.1<br />
1.5 %<br />
2864<br />
21.69<br />
0.95<br />
0.47<br />
0.55<br />
1.3<br />
Diet with<br />
3% dried<br />
whey<br />
56.1<br />
37.0<br />
0<br />
1.56<br />
1.3<br />
0.2<br />
0.2<br />
0.04<br />
0.55<br />
0.1<br />
3%<br />
2850<br />
21.59<br />
0.95<br />
0.47<br />
0.55<br />
1.3<br />
Diet with<br />
4.5% dried<br />
whey<br />
54.9<br />
36.6<br />
0<br />
1.52<br />
1.3<br />
0.2<br />
0.2<br />
0.04<br />
0.55<br />
0.1<br />
4.5%<br />
2840<br />
21.51<br />
0.95<br />
0.47<br />
0.55<br />
1.3<br />
Diet with<br />
1.5%<br />
fermented<br />
whey<br />
56.9<br />
37.6<br />
0<br />
1.63<br />
1.29<br />
0.2<br />
0.2<br />
0.04<br />
0.55<br />
0.1<br />
1.5%<br />
2855<br />
21.63<br />
0.95<br />
0.47<br />
0.55<br />
1.3<br />
Diet with<br />
3%<br />
fermented<br />
whey<br />
55.8<br />
37.2<br />
0<br />
1.6<br />
1.28<br />
0.2<br />
0.2<br />
0.04<br />
0.55<br />
0.1<br />
3%<br />
2831<br />
21.45<br />
0.95<br />
0.47<br />
0.55<br />
1.3<br />
Diet with<br />
4.5%<br />
fermented<br />
whey<br />
53.6<br />
37.5<br />
0<br />
1.58<br />
1.26<br />
0.2<br />
0.2<br />
0.04<br />
0.55<br />
0.1<br />
4.5%<br />
2830<br />
21.43<br />
0.95<br />
0.47<br />
0.55<br />
1.3