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Lectures on by Søren Johansen Department of Economics ...

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3<br />

Inference is asymptotically normal:<br />

If x t is stati<strong>on</strong>ary<br />

Law <strong>of</strong> Large Numbers : M zz<br />

P<br />

! > 0<br />

Central Limit Theorem : T 1 M z"<br />

d<br />

! Npp (0; )<br />

T 1=2 ( ^B B) = T 1=2 M 1<br />

zz M z"<br />

w<br />

! N(0; 1 )<br />

^ = T 1 (M xx M xz M 1<br />

zz M zx ) = T 1 (M "" M "z M 1<br />

zz M z" ) P ! <br />

f = #(B)<br />

2 log LR(B = h()) = 2 log max B=h() L(B)<br />

max B L(B)<br />

#()<br />

w<br />

! 2 (f)

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