Seismic Design of Slopes I - Indian Institute of Technology ...
Seismic Design of Slopes I - Indian Institute of Technology ...
Seismic Design of Slopes I - Indian Institute of Technology ...
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Cause <strong>of</strong> Failure<br />
Decrease in Shear Strength<br />
• Weathering due to physicochemical activities<br />
• Decomposition <strong>of</strong> rocks / boulders due to wetting / drying<br />
process.<br />
• Structural degradation due to cyclic loading<br />
• Traffic, Earthquake loading, Hydrodynamic forces, etc.<br />
• Creep effects under sustained shear loading and seasonal<br />
variations on slopes<br />
• Cracking in cohesive soils<br />
• Change in void ratio in swelling clays<br />
• Decrease in effective stress due to pore pressure build-up<br />
• Earthquake!!<br />
• Effect <strong>of</strong> vibrations on sensitive clays Earthquakes!!<br />
• Erosion <strong>of</strong> dispersive soils (cavity formations) during seepage<br />
• Progressive failure due to strain s<strong>of</strong>tening soil mass<br />
7<br />
Failure Modes in Dams<br />
• Overtopping<br />
• Erosion<br />
• Progressive failure to catastrophe<br />
• Piping<br />
• Uncontrolled Seepage water<br />
• Structural Failure<br />
• Failure <strong>of</strong> upstream/downstream slope<br />
• Cracking, deformation, and settlement<br />
Overtopping / Piping<br />
8<br />
4
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