CLASSIFICATION OF LUNG CANCER, Cl inical manifestations OF LUNG CANCER

CLASSIFICATION OF LUNG CANCER, Clinical ma...
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CLASSIFICATION OF LUNG CANCER, Cl
inical manifestations OF LUNG CANCER
CLASSIFICATION OF LUNG CANCER, Clinical manifestations OF LUNG CANCER
LUNG CANCER is a malignancy of the lung tissue, Lung cancer is an abnormality of the cells –
cells undergoing proliferation in the lungs
CLASSIFICATION OF LUNG CANCER
Classification according to WHO Pleura and Lung Neoplasms – Lung (1977):
1. Bronkogenik carcinoma.
a. Epidermoid carcinoma (carcinoma).
Cancer is derived from the surface of the bronchial epithelium. Epithelial changes including
metaplasia or dysplasia caused by long-term smoking, typically precedes the onset of tumors.
Centrally located around the hilum, and protruding into the major bronchi. Diameter tumors
rarely exceed a few centimeters and are likely to spread directly to the hilar lymph nodes, chest
wall and mediastinum.
b. Small cell carcinoma (oat cell included).
Usually located around the middle of the main branches arising from this bronki.Tumor cells –
Kulchitsky cells, the normal component of the bronchial epithelium. Formed out of the cell – a
small cell with a nucleus and cytoplasm concentrated hiperkromatik bit. Early metastasis to the
mediastinal and hilar lymph nodes, as well as haematogenous spread to the organs – organs
distal.
c. Adenocarcinoma (including alveolar cell carcinoma).
Cellular arrangement shows such as bronchial glands and may contain mucus. Most arise in
the peripheral bronchial segments and sometimes – sometimes can be associated with local
scarring of the lungs – pulmonary and chronic interstitial fibrosis. Lesions often spread through
the blood and lymph vessels in the early stages, and still do not show clinical symptoms –
symptoms until the occurrence of distant metastases.
d. Large cell carcinoma.
Is a cell – malignant cells were large and very poorly differentiated with a large cytoplasm and
nucleus size wide – range. Cells – these cells are likely to arise in the lung tissue – peripheral
lung, grows quickly with extensive and rapid deployment to places – places far away.
e. Combined adenocarcinoma and epidermoid.
f. Others – others.
1). Carcinoid tumors (bronchial adenoma).
2). Bronchial gland tumors.
3). Papillary tumors of the epithelial surface.
4). Tumor mix and Karsinosarkoma
5). Sarcoma
6). Not classified.
7). Mesotheliomas.
8). Melanoma.
(Price, Pathophysiology, 1995).
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CLASSIFICATION OF LUNG CANCER, Clinical ma...
by garest - http://garest.net/classification-of-lung-cancer-clinical-manifestations-of-lung-cancer.html
Clinical manifestations OF LUNG CANCER
1. Early symptoms.
Local stridor and dyspnea possibly due to mild bronchial obstruction.
2. Common symptoms.
a. Cough
Possible due to the irritation caused by the tumor mass. Cough started as a dry cough without
sputum form, but evolved to the point where the molded thick and purulent sputum in the
respond to secondary infections.
b. Hemoptysis
Sputum blushed because sputum blood through the surface ulcerated tumors.
c. Anorexia, fatigue, weight loss.
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