Powering the Future - 立命館大学

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Ritsumeikan University College of Science and Engineering Research/Development Areas Probability theory and numerical analysis Associate Professor / Kenji YASUTOMI, Assistant Professor / Yasufumi NITTA The study of modern probability theory. If the “result” that can be obtained is limited (two sides of a coin toss or the throw of a dice etc) the probability of each “result” primarily considered, however, the obtainable “result” will be non-countable and unlimited, in that the probability of each “result” in the limited case results in a contrariety, even if a value could be set for the probability. Modern probability theory resolves this dilemma by abstracting the concept and measuring the size, thus enabling probability that is non-countable and has unlimited “results” to be considered. However, that abstraction does result in a new dilemma: the existence of an assembly for which the size cannot be measured. As revealed above probability theory is an interesting research subject. It is also an interesting mathematical field that has the aspect of being actually applicable in various parts in society by being linked to statistical methods. ■Mathematics can be pondered anywhere there is a blackboard and chalk or paper and pencil. 5 Ritsumeikan University Powering the Future
Department of Physical Sciences Research/Development Areas Structure formation and dynamics of soft matter Research/Development Areas Chaos Professor / Koji FUKAO, Assistant Professor / Kenji NAKAMURA Soft matter involves systems with original structures and dynamics of the medium scale between macro scale and micro scale that have hierarchical structures in the rich time space of micro to macro. For example, macromolecules, colloids, liquid crystal, emulsions, and powders etc are all soft matter. Research on each of the type matters has been conducted for some time now, however, in recent years attempts are being made to collectively describe them as soft matter in understanding their physical phenomenon. We are promoting research with an interest in glass transformations, structural formations resulting from crystallization, glass dynamics, dewetting phenomenon, and the dynamics of ionic liquids etc of the macromolecules involved in the phenomenon. Professor / Kensuke IKEDA My field of research is theoretical physics, and the phenomenon known as chaos in particular. Physical laws are said to be simple, however, why then is phenomenon that occurs around us so complicated? And even if the law is superficially simple the motion that follows the law is not always that simple. Chaos is the mechanism that complicates motion and predictions. Physical systems in this world are considered to contain chaotic motion of a scale ranging from at the atomic/ molecular level and of nuclei or ultra-small scale through to Solar Systems or huge scale, and universes at an even larger scale. Thermal motion is complexly chaotic and implemented by a large number of atomic molecules clashing against each other. The reason why making meteorological forecasts is so difficult is that air flow is chaotic. We are even yet to have completely describing complex natural phenomenon known to include chaotic behavior in words. Creating them is one of my (our) themes. College of S cience and Engineering ■Impedance analyzer used in a dielectric relaxation spectroscopy method that enables dynamics measurements in wide time areas. Research/Development Areas Electron spectroscopy and elucidation of materials physics related to electron spin Professor / Shin IMADA, Assistant Professor / Kensei TERASHIMA Characteristics of a material are mostly decided by the characteristics of electrons in that material. For example, glass is transparent because electrons in glass do not absorb light. Electrons revolve around the nucleus as they rotate themselves. This rotation is called “spin”. The reason why iron becomes a magnet is that electrons in iron tend to have spin with a certain direction. Electron spin causes many other interesting phenomena. For example, a metal becomes an insulator when its temperature is changed. The goal of our research is to elucidate the mechanisms of such phenomena related to electron spin. In order to unveil the electronic states in materials, we perform experiments both at the campus and facilities such as SPring-8. Main experiment is “photoemission,” which measures the energy of electrons emitted from a material under application of ultraviolet light or x-ray. Research/Development Areas 1. Atomic level characterization of the structures of clean surfaces and initial reaction processes on the surfaces 2. Verification of dynamical Casimir effect using highlyexcited Rydberg atom beams Professor / Yoshiaki KIDO Our primary concern is focused on the structures of clean surfaces including oxidized, nitrided and other reacted surfaces on an atomic level using high-resolution medium energy ion scattering combined with photo-electron spectroscopy. Recently, we are also interested in the mechanism for emerging catalytic activities of gold nano-particles, which is intimately related to the electronic properties of nano-size metal particles, the interaction between gold and supports and some role of a hydroxyl base on the supports. Aside from the surface physics, we are trying to verify experimentally the dynamical Casimir effect, which is predicted by quantum electrodynamics (DCE: if a metallic wall is periodically vibrated with a frequency of Ω, photons with a frequency of Ω/2 are created parametrically from the vacuum). Highly-excited Rydberg atom (Rb, K) beam provides a powerful tool as a single photon detector for DCE photons. Thus our research covers a wide range of physics, (i) surface physics and (ii) quantum electrodynamics. ■High-resolution photoemission apparatus, which precisely measures electrons escaping from a sample. ■Beam line 8 at Ritsumeikan SR Center makes it possible to perform photoelectron spectroscopy, medium energy ion scattering, molecular beam epitaxy and high-energy electron diffraction. Another system of highly-excited Rydberg atom beams to detect extremely weak electric filed is recently connected to BL-8. Ritsumeikan University Powering the Future 6
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Powering the Future - 立命館大学

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