final book.pdf

1.3 Division of an inter-state river by the boundaries of several states merely limits the
geographic limits of the authority of a given state, but unlike land resources whose
distribution among the states is resolved by the very establishment of their boundaries.
The water resources of the common river are not subjected to automatic allocation
among them by the delineation of their political frontiers. As river is an indivisible
physical unit, the riparian states are in a state of permanent dependence upon each
other. The utilization of the waters of the river within the territory of one state
influences the conditions of water utilization in other states.
There is competition for the common river water among the riparian states and it
is therefore, necessary to co-ordinate their various uses and needs and to define the limits
within which a state can make use of the water to satisfy its own needs. The conflict of
interests of the riparian states must be resolved by agreement, judicial decree, legislation
or administration control, so as to secure a fair and just distribution of water resources
among the concerned regions.
2.0. IRRIGATION DEVELOPMENT BEFORE INDEPENDENCE
Andhra Pradesh has heritage from cultivation and irrigation dating back to several
centuries. In the past rulers paid a good deal of attention to the development of irrigation
in their kingdoms for the benefit of their subjects. Certain big lakes and other irrigation
works of Kakatiya period have become famous to remember. Many anicuts across
Tungabhadra river and many irrigation tanks are of the monumental Irrigation works inherited
by us from the Vijayanagara Kings. However the large scale exploitation of the water
resources was taken up only during the Madras Presidency period in the late 19 th century.
2.1 The AP state is divided into 3 regions which are coastal areas, Telangana and
Rayalaseema with 9, 10 and 4 districts respectively. While the Rayalaseema and
coastal regions constituted the Madras province during pre-independence period,
the Telangana was ruled by the NIZAMS.
With the great efforts of Sir Arthur Cotton, the mighty rivers Krishna and Godavari
were trained and their waters diverted into the fertile lands of the delta regions.
The following are the major projects completed in the pre-independence era.
S. Project Period Ayacut in Region
No. L.acres benefitted
a) Godavari Delta System 1862 10.13 Coastal,Andhra
b) Krishna Delta System 1852-58 13.09 -doc)
Pennar Delta System 1825-75
1882-87 2.66 -dod)
Nizam Sagar 1923-31 2.31 Telangana
e) K.C.Canal System 1923-31 2.78 Rayalaseema
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