A HEAD-AND-FACE ANTHROPOMETRIC SURVEY - The National ...

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3 2 1 PC 2 (9.7%) 0 -1 -2 SEX -3 female -4 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 male PC 1 (14.5%) FIGURE 11 Scatter Plot of Individual PC Scores Along Principal Components 1-2 (Breakdown by Sex.) 4 2 PC 4 (6.7%) 0 ETHNICGR WHITE -2 OTHER HISPANIC BLACK -4 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 PC 3 (7.7%) FIGURE 12 Scatter Plot of Individual PC Scores Along Principal Components 3-4 (Breakdown by Ethnic Group.) 30
Figures 13 and 14 are visual representations of PC 1 and PC 2, respectively. Each landmark configuration represents one direction of the shape variation in the sample, as assessed through a principal components analysis. In the present study, a total of 28 landmarks was used, which translates to 84 residuals (1 per landmark * 1 per dimension). A total of 10 principal components (accounting for 64.1 % of the variance) was extracted. <strong>The</strong> relatively low percentage of the first few components suggests that there is a significant amount of intra-individual variation, and that absolute size (filtered out in the GPA) accounts for much of the variance as well. For each PC, an observed point (subject) with negative and positive scores was taken as a representative of that shape component. An observation at the negative end of the axis is represented by diamonds, and at the positive end by (+) signs. Some of the key landmarks are connected through solid lines (for negative PC scores) and dashed lines (for positive scores). <strong>The</strong>se lines are purely for visual purposes, and were not used in any computation. Although the variation along both principal components can be linked to sexual dimorphism (see Figure 11), the figures do not exactly represent differences between males and females. Such differences could be visualized in the same way, as the principal components are here, by using the discriminant scores of an ordinary discriminant function. FIGURE 13 PC 1, Shape Differences Associated with Negative (Diamonds) and Positive (+ Signs) Scores (Frontal and Left Lateral View, Rotated into Frankfurt Horizontal.) 31
Page 1 and 2: A HEAD-AND-FACE ANTHROPOMETRIC SURV
Page 3 and 4: List of Tables Table Page 1 Targete
Page 5 and 6: PREFACE This work is the result of
Page 7 and 8: A HEAD-AND-FACE ANTHROPOMETRIC SURV
Page 9 and 10: The subset of those subjects who we
Page 11 and 12: TABLE 6 Final Dimension List MEASUR
Page 13 and 14: FIGURE 2 Subject Ready to be Scanne
Page 15 and 16: The subject then filled out the bri
Page 17 and 18: landmarks in the scanned image. Fig
Page 19 and 20: i is the subscript for the last age
Page 21 and 22: TABLE 8 Anthropometric Summary Stat
Page 23 and 24: TABLE 8 - Continued FEMALES DIMENSI
Page 25 and 26: TABLE 9 Anthropometric Summary Stat
Page 27 and 28: TABLE 10 NIOSH Respirator Data (wei
Page 29 and 30: TABLE 11 NIOSH Respirator Data by S
Page 31 and 32: TABLE 11 (continued) MALE FEMALE AG
Page 33 and 34: TABLE 12 Mean Differences between E
Page 35: the diagonal matrix, D. This last s
Page 39 and 40: TABLE 11 Data Reduction Using PCA:
Page 41 and 42: Menton-Sellion Length(mm) 139.5 129
Page 43 and 44: Menton-Sellion Length(mm) 139.5 129
Page 45 and 46: 160 150 140 MENTON-SELLION LTH 130
Page 47 and 48: CONCLUSIONS It has been decades sin
Page 49 and 50: APPENDIX A Anthropometric Survey of
Page 51 and 52: Cheilion, right and left: The later
Page 53 and 54: Ectocanthus (right and left): The o
Page 55 and 56: Glabella: The anterior point on the
Page 57 and 58: Infraorbitale, right and left: The
Page 59 and 60: Nasal Root Point (right and left):
Page 61 and 62: Pupil: The center of the pupil of a
Page 63 and 64: Subnasale: The point of intersectio
Page 65 and 66: Zygion, right and left: The most la
Page 67 and 68: DIMENSION DESCRIPTIONS BIGONIAL BRE
Page 69 and 70: BITRAGION CORONAL ARC The surface d
Page 71 and 72: BITRAGION SUBNASALE ARC The surface
Page 73 and 74: HEAD BREADTH The maximum horizontal
Page 75 and 76: HEAD LENGTH The maximum length of t
Page 77 and 78: LIP LENGTH The straight-line distan
Page 79 and 80: MENTON-SELLION LENGTH The distance
Page 81 and 82: NASAL ROOT BREADTH The horizontal b
Page 83 and 84: NOSE BREADTH The straight-line dist
Page 85 and 86: STATURE The vertical distance betwe
Page 87 and 88:
WEIGHT The weight of the subject is
Page 89 and 90:
Scan NATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR OCCUPAT
Page 91 and 92:
your claim would be against the con
Page 93 and 94:
Non-scan NATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR OCC
Page 95 and 96:
5. If you have questions about this
Page 97 and 98:
APPENDIX C DATA SHEET 91
Page 99 and 100:
Scan No. _____________________ Scan
Page 101 and 102:
Multivariate Tests - MALES Effect V
Page 103 and 104:
Multivariate Tests - FEMALES Effect
Page 105 and 106:
APPENDIX E ANOVAS BY MALES AND FEMA
Page 107 and 108:
ANOVA for RACE Sum of Squares df Me
Page 109 and 110:
2504 418 103
Page 111 and 112:
2947 2328 105
Page 113 and 114:
2368 2315 107
Page 115 and 116:
851 2649 109
Page 117:
2587 516 111
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