Literature on Air Pollution and Lichens XL

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386 THE LICHENOLOGIST Vol. 26 Hyvarinen, M., Soppela, K., Halonen, P. & Kauppi, M. (1993) A review of fumigation experiments on lichens. Aquilo Series Botanica 32: 21-31. [Fumigation experiments have mainly concentrated on the effects of SO 2 , with knowledge of the effects of oxidants and N compounds still deficient. Photosynthesis, plasmolysis and pigment status of the photobiont and cellular fine structure are most studied. Comparison of results of different experiments is difficult owing to methodological and other variations. Synergistic operation of gaseous pollutants is a future challenge.] Insarova, I.D., Insarov, G.E., Brakenheim, S., Hultengren, S., Martinsson P.-O. & Semenov, S.M. (1992) Lichen Sensitivity and Air Pollution: a Review of <strong>Literature</strong> Data. [Swedish Environment Protection Agency Report 4007]: 1-72. Uppsala: SEPA. [Tabulated analytical overview of selected literature data: listing 25 lichens as air pollution indicators under the headings; species, localities, type of pollution, tree, bark pH, sensitivity, literature sources and (where applicable) USSR reserve particulars.] Jacobsen, P. (1992) Flechten in Schleswig-Holstein: Bestand, Gefahrdung und Bedeutung als Bioindikatoren. Mitteilungen der Arbeitsgemeinschaft Geobotanik in Schleswig-Holstein und Hamburg 42: 1-234. [Intensive investigation of the lichen flora throughout Schleswig- Holstein on a wide range of substrata; historical data and changes in the flora over several decades; red and green lists of endangered lichens with comments; the effects of air pollution and other anthropogenic factors. Lichen enhancement due to man's activities.] Jacobsen, P., Scholz, P., John, V. & Wirth, V. (1994) Bearbeitungsstand und methodische Probleme bei der Erstellung von Roten Listen gefahrdeter Flechten. Schriftenreihe fur Vegetationskunde 23: 113-121. [Examination of methodological/categorical problems in the production of a red data list of endangered lichens and of the role of red data lists in nature conservation.] Litterski, B (1990) Die Flechten der Insel Riigen. Thesis Halle University. [See Litterski 1993.] Litterski, B. (1993) Die Flechten der Insel Riigen. Herzogia 9: 415-474. [Since 1980, 315 lichen species have been recorded in the Isle of Riigen; 87 species of 325 recorded pre-1980 were not refound. Detailed commentary on species list with 245 species distribution maps, a red list of endangered lichens and a lichen-zonal map of air pollution levels.] Loppi, S., Chiti, F., Corsini, A. & Bernardi, L. (1992) Biomonitoraggio dell' inquinamento atmosferico tramite licheni nei dintorni di Pistoia. In Atti dagli Convegno, Informatica e Agricoltura, Firenze, 17-18 dicembre 1992 (G. Maracchi & M.A. Falchi, eds): 339-347. Florence: Ce.S.I.A., Accademia dei Georgofili. [Abbreviated presentation in Italian of the work in Loppi et al. (1994).] Loppi, S., Corsini, A., Chiti, F. & Bernardi, L. (1992) Air quality bioindication by epiphytic lichens in central-northern Italy. Allionia 31: 107-119. [Five-zonal mapping of air pollution using IAP-based methodology indicated that the influence of SO 2 in the area was small. Overall conclusions refer to work described in Loppi et al. (1994).] Loppi, S., Chiti, F., Corsini, A. & Bernardi, L. (1994) Lichen biomonitoring of trace metals in the Pistoia area (central northern Italy). Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 29: 17-27. [Concentrations of Cd, Cr, Ni, Hg, Pb found in Parmelia caperata on Quercus pubescens in the Pistoia area were comparable with levels found in areas free from atmospheric pollution. Concentrations of Cu and Zn, however, were rather high. Fertilizers and pesticides were the main sources of these atmospheric pollutants.] Matishov, D.G. (1993) Radionuklidy v donnykh osadkakh, biote shel'fa i poberezhii barentseva morya. Resul'taty radioekologicheskikh nablyundenii provedennykh MMBI v 1991-1992 gg. [Radionuclides in the sediments and biota of the shelf and coasts of the Barents Sea. Results of a radioecological investigation by the MMBI 1991-1992.] (G.G. Matishov, ed.): 1-36. Apatity: Murmansk Marine Biological Centre, Kola Science Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences. [Includes an English summary (:5-ll) of the work described in this study of 137 Cs concentrations in bottom sediments and algae of the central and south eastern Barents Sea and in lichens and mosses from Franz Josef Land and the coast of Novaya Zemlya. Tabulation of data for 137 Cs and I34 Cs levels in Cetraria nivalis and Umbilicaria tnuhlenbergii] Matishov, G.G., Matishov, D.G., Podobedov, V.V., Szczypa, E., Solecki, J. & Janusz, W. (1992) Radionuklidy na kol'skom poluostrove, novoi zemle, zemle frantsa-iosifa iv barentsevom more. [Radionuclides on the Kola Peninsula, Novaya Zemlya, Franz Josef Land and in the Barents Sea.] :l-70. Apatity: Murmansk Marine Biological Institute, Kola Science Centre,
1994 <strong>Literature</strong> on air pollution and lichens—Henderson 387 Russian Academy of Sciences. [Study of the distribution of artificial radionuclides in the Arctic area. Comparison of present-day and late 1960s data. <strong>Literature</strong> review on the ecological problems of the area. Detailed presentation of data.] Matishov, G.G., Matishov, D.G., Podobedov, V.V. & Pavlova, L.G. (1993) Radiatsionnaya obstanovka na kol'som poluostrove, novoi zemle, zemle frantsa-iosifa i na okvatorii barentseva morya. [The state of radiation on the Kola Peninsula, Novaya Zemlya, Franz Josef Land, and in the reaches of the Barents Sea.] Doklady Akademii Nauk (1993) 330: 520-522. [Complementary presentation and discussion of material (mainly concerning 137 Cs in Matishov et al. (1992).] Modenesi, P. (1993) An SEM study of injury symptoms in Parmotrema reticulatum treated with Paraquat or growing in sulphur dioxide-polluted air. Lichenologist 25: 423-433. [The effect of Paraquat, a stimulant of oxygen-centred free radical production in green plants, is compared with visible air-pollution-induced injury in SO 2 -sensitive Parmotrema reticulatum to verify the hypothesis of SO 2 -toxicity mechanism via free radical generation. Production of SEM-visible weddellite deposition on the thallus of SO 2 -stressed and Paraquat-treated lichens is described.] Muller, A., Joller, T., Ruoss, E. & Gallati, J. (1993) Sempacher See: Klima und Luftqualitat. Mitteilungen der Naturforschenden Gesellschaft Luzem 33: 399-416. [Presentation and discussion of air pollution data for the region are followed by the definition of a lichen index, reflecting lichen diversity in the Sempacher See area, based on lichen cover and species counts (SW-NE transect). In the region of Sursee 58 lichen species were recorded on isolated trees, with nitrophilous foliose and crustose species dominant and fruticose plants uncommon. Discussion and suggestions for atmospheric improvement.] Nakamura, A. & Inoue, M. (1991) Analysis of isotopic ratio of iron in Antarctic lichens, Usnea sphacelata and Umbilicaria aprina. Proceedings of the NIPR Symposium on Polar Biology 4: 82-90. [Study of isotopic distribution of Fe in Umbilicaria aprina and Usnea sphacelata near Syowa Station, Antarctica, with lichen sites categorised as actively growing or inactive. Isotopic ratios ( 54 Fe/ 58 Fe) were smaller at the active than at the inactive sites.] Nimis, P.L., Castello, M. & Perotti, M. (1993) Lichens as bioindicators of heavy metal pollution: a case study at La Spezia (N. Italy). In Plants as Bioindicators. [For details see Bargagli (1993).] :265-284. [Parmelia caperata was used as a monitor of Al, As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mn, Ni, Pb, Ti, V and Zn at 30 stations in an 80-km area around La Spezia with an industrial zone and coal power station to the east. Tabulation, mapping of data and discussion.] Piervittori, R., Salvadori, O. & Laccisaglia, A. (1994) <strong>Literature</strong> on lichens and biodeterioration of stonework. 1. Lichenologist 26: 171-192. [Bibliography of the literature (1825-1992) on lichens and stonework deterioration, with numerous English abstracts and an analytical index under 11 categories, e.g. Controlling the growth of organisms on monuments (over 80 items).] Pike, L.H. (1978) The importance of epiphytic lichens in mineral cycling. Bryologist 81: 247-257. [Lichens in the examined ecosystems (Douglas fir, balsam fir and oak woodland) rarely accounted for more than one-tenth of the annual above-ground turnover of a mineral. Lichens may influence mineral entry into ecosystems through aerosol intervention and nitrogen fixation.Atmospheric inputs may be enough to satisfy epiphytic lichen needs for N, Ca and Mg.] Pilegaard, K. (1993) Biological monitoring of paniculate pollutants during exploration work at a niobium mineralization in Greenland. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 27: 221-232. [In a study of airborne particulate dispersion during exploratory activities at an Nb mineralization in the area of Sarfartoq, SW Greenland, work was supported by sampling of indigenous lichens and mosses. Enhanced concentrations of Nb, La, Ce, Th and U were found in lichens and mosses; and after summer exploration activities levels of Nb, Ce, Cd, Pb and Zn were raised indicating the occurrence of dust dispersion.] Richardson, D.H.S. (1993) The physiology of drying and rewetting in lichens. In Stress Tolerance of Fungi (D.H. Jennings, ed.): 275-296. [Mycology Series 10.] New York: Marcel Dekker. [Includes a brief literature review and discussion (:291-292) of the relationship between desiccation/hydration, respiration, polyol concentrations and leaching in lichens. 'In the Canadian sub-Arctic, lichens add from zero to 0-8% of their biomass per day depending on rainfall and species. An active period of growth is usually intitiated
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