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Critical Issues for Chrome-free Pretreatment of Aluminium Alloys

Critical Issues for Chrome-free Pretreatment of Aluminium Alloys

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<strong>Critical</strong> <strong>Issues</strong> <strong>for</strong> <strong>Chrome</strong>-<strong>free</strong> <strong>Pretreatment</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Aluminium</strong> <strong>Alloys</strong><br />

Alloy AA6111 ground sample, low fluoride phosphating<br />

De<strong>for</strong>med layer<br />

200 nm<br />

Passivation layer (Zr)<br />

50 nm<br />

International Conference on Environmental friendly <strong>Pretreatment</strong>s fo <strong>Aluminium</strong> and other Metals, Oslo, Norway, June 16-18, 2004

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