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Competition, Innovation, and Antitrust. A Theory of Market ... - Intertic

Competition, Innovation, and Antitrust. A Theory of Market ... - Intertic

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Contents<br />

xix<br />

5. <strong>Antitrust</strong> <strong>and</strong> Abuse <strong>of</strong> Dominance ....................... 171<br />

5.1 TheTraditionalApproachestoAbuse<strong>of</strong>Dominance ........ 174<br />

5.1.1 TheChicagoSchool .............................. 174<br />

5.1.2 ThePost-ChicagoApproach ....................... 176<br />

5.2 The<strong>Theory</strong><strong>of</strong><strong>Market</strong>Leaders<strong>and</strong>EndogenousEntry ...... 178<br />

5.2.1 <strong>Competition</strong> in the <strong>Market</strong> <strong>and</strong> Policy Implications . . . 179<br />

5.2.2 <strong>Competition</strong> for the <strong>Market</strong> <strong>and</strong> Policy Implications . . 186<br />

5.3 ADigressiononIPRsProtection ......................... 189<br />

5.3.1 PatentsinDynamicSectors<strong>and</strong><strong>Innovation</strong>s ......... 190<br />

5.3.2 Open-Source<strong>Innovation</strong>s .......................... 191<br />

5.3.3 ConclusionsonIPRsProtection.................... 194<br />

5.4 Reforming<strong>Antitrust</strong> .................................... 195<br />

5.4.1 EfficiencyDefense ................................ 196<br />

5.4.2 PredatoryPricing ................................ 197<br />

5.4.3 Bundling........................................ 201<br />

5.4.4 IntellectualPropertyRights ....................... 203<br />

5.5 Conclusions............................................ 204<br />

6. Micros<strong>of</strong>t Economics ...................................... 207<br />

6.1 TheS<strong>of</strong>tware<strong>Market</strong> ................................... 208<br />

6.1.1 Network Effects .................................. 210<br />

6.1.2 Multi-sidedPlatforms............................. 212<br />

6.1.3 Micros<strong>of</strong>t........................................ 215<br />

6.2 The<strong>Antitrust</strong>Cases .................................... 218<br />

6.2.1 TheUSCase .................................... 218<br />

6.2.2 TheEUCase .................................... 221<br />

6.3 IsMicros<strong>of</strong>taMonopolist?............................... 223<br />

6.3.1 WhyIsthePrice<strong>of</strong>WindowssoLow? .............. 225<br />

6.3.2 Does Micros<strong>of</strong>t Stifle<strong>Innovation</strong>?................... 228<br />

6.4 Bundling .............................................. 230<br />

6.4.1 Strategic Bundling . . . ............................ 232<br />

6.4.2 TechnologicalBundling ........................... 234<br />

6.5 IntellectualPropertyRights ............................. 235<br />

6.5.1 Patents, Trade Secrets <strong>and</strong> Interoperability .......... 236<br />

6.5.2 Licenses<strong>and</strong>St<strong>and</strong>ards ........................... 238<br />

6.6 Conclusions............................................ 240<br />

7. Epilogue .................................................. 243<br />

7.1 EmpiricalPredictions<strong>of</strong>the<strong>Theory</strong><strong>of</strong><strong>Market</strong>Leaders...... 243<br />

7.2 ImplicationsforBusinessAdministration .................. 252<br />

7.3 ImplicationsforEconomic<strong>Theory</strong> ........................ 252<br />

7.4 Conclusions............................................ 255<br />

8. References ................................................ 257

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