Clusters and the Development of Competitive Advantage
Clusters and the Development of Competitive Advantage
Clusters and the Development of Competitive Advantage
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Specialization <strong>of</strong> Regional Economies<br />
Commonwealth <strong>of</strong> Massachusetts<br />
12%<br />
Analytical Instruments<br />
Percentage<br />
<strong>of</strong> Share<br />
National<br />
Cluster<br />
Employment<br />
in 1999<br />
10%<br />
8%<br />
6%<br />
4%<br />
Education <strong>and</strong><br />
Knowledge Creation<br />
Information Technology<br />
Business Services<br />
Communications Equipment<br />
Jewelry <strong>and</strong> Precious Metals<br />
Medical Devices<br />
Financial Services<br />
Distribution Services<br />
Aerospace Engines<br />
(7.4, 89.9)<br />
Massachusetts’ Average<br />
Share = 2.68%<br />
2%<br />
Pharmaceuticals <strong>and</strong> Biotechnology<br />
(2.4, 103.6)<br />
Aerospace Vehicles <strong>and</strong><br />
Tobacco (0.9, 82.7)<br />
Defense (0.0, -97.7)<br />
0%<br />
-75 -25 25 75<br />
Percentage <strong>of</strong> Change, 1990–1999<br />
= 0–24,999 = 25,000–49,999 = 50,000–99,999 = 100,000-<br />
Note: Data points that fall outside <strong>the</strong> graph are placed on <strong>the</strong> borders with <strong>the</strong>ir values given in paren<strong>the</strong>ses (share, change)<br />
Source: Cluster Mapping Project, Institute for Strategy <strong>and</strong> <strong>Competitive</strong>ness, Harvard Business School<br />
StartUp Jerusalem Cluster Theory 10-18-04 CK<br />
6<br />
Copyright © 2004 Pr<strong>of</strong>essor Michael E. Porter
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