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CENTRAL KITSAP COUNTY WASTEWATER FACILITY PLAN ...

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CHAPTER 3<br />

<strong>WASTEWATER</strong> CHARACTERISTICS<br />

Wastewater flow projections fundamentally influence the design of wastewater facilities. Consequently,<br />

wastewater characteristics and flow projections strongly affect the selection of the key criteria used to identify,<br />

evaluate, and rank project alternatives for this Facility Plan. In this chapter, existing wastewater flows to the<br />

CKWWTP are characterized, and they are then projected in proportion to the estimated population expected<br />

to be served throughout the study period. Information for both flows and loadings is used as a basis to<br />

develop the future target capacity requirements for new infrastructure described in subsequent chapters.<br />

3.1 Overview of Chapter Contents<br />

The purpose of this chapter is to summarize the characteristics of existing and projected wastewater streams<br />

generated in the Central Kitsap service area. The first part of this chapter focuses on the following:<br />

• flow characteristics and their importance<br />

• how flows are measured in the system<br />

• how flow projections are made for each sub-basin and the system as a whole.<br />

The second part of this chapter describes actual and projected wastewater chemical and physical<br />

characteristics, and mass loadings for the raw sewage stream conveyed to the CKWWTP.<br />

3.2 Wastewater Flows<br />

To evaluate the current operating capacity of the CKWWTP and estimate future capacity requirements, it is<br />

necessary to understand the historical and existing wastewater flows and their relationship to population and<br />

rainfall events. This section discusses the following aspects related to flows; further details related to<br />

wastewater flow measurements and projections are shown in Appendix 3A:<br />

• wastewater flow parameters<br />

• historical and existing flows:<br />

• flow measurement<br />

• hydraulic peaking factor overview<br />

• historical wastewater flows<br />

• infiltration and inflow (I/I) analyses: groundwater-related 1<br />

1 Infiltration is the quantity of groundwater that leaks into the wastewater collection system from the surrounding soil.<br />

Common points of entry include broken pipes and defective joints in the pipe or in walls of manholes. Infiltration may<br />

result from sewers being laid below the groundwater table or from saturation of the soil by rain or irrigation water.<br />

Inflow is rainwater which enters the collection system through roof drain connections, catch basin connections, and<br />

holes in the tops of manhole covers in flooded streets. Inflow is generally distinguished from infiltration by the rapidity<br />

with which inflow begins and ends after a period of rainfall. Infiltration, on the other hand, may persist for an extended<br />

period after a rainfall.<br />

3-1<br />

DRAFT for review purposes only.<br />

Use of contents on this sheet is subject to the limitations specified at the end of this document.<br />

P:\132857 Kitsap WW Facility Plan Ph II\600 Facility Plan\Revision 3 Draft Final Facility Plan\Chapter 3\Chapter 3_draft(BP).doc

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