Institute for Nanoscale Physics and Chemistry - KU Leuven
Institute for Nanoscale Physics and Chemistry - KU Leuven
Institute for Nanoscale Physics and Chemistry - KU Leuven
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<strong>Institute</strong> <strong>for</strong><br />
<strong>Nanoscale</strong> <strong>Physics</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Chemistry</strong><br />
INPAC’s mission:<br />
Investigation of the effect of<br />
nanostructuring <strong>and</strong> nanoscale<br />
confinement of charges, spins,<br />
<strong>and</strong> photons on the electrical,<br />
magnetic, optical, <strong>and</strong> chemical<br />
properties of inorganic, organic,<br />
<strong>and</strong> biomaterials in order to<br />
reveal the fundamental relation<br />
between quantized confined<br />
states <strong>and</strong> physical <strong>and</strong> chemical<br />
properties of these materials<br />
www.kuleuven.be/inpac
Research Activities<br />
Nanosuperconductors<br />
• <strong>Nanoscale</strong> evolution of superconductivity<br />
• Confined flux in individual 2D <strong>and</strong> 3D nanostructures<br />
• Superconductors with nanoengineered periodic pinning arrays<br />
• <strong>Nanoscale</strong> evolution of superconductivity<br />
• Exploration of the ability of biomolecules to <strong>for</strong>m templates <strong>for</strong> deposition of nanomodulated films<br />
Superconducting dots<br />
Antidots (holes) <strong>for</strong><br />
vortex ratchets<br />
16<br />
6<br />
12<br />
8<br />
4<br />
0<br />
0<br />
4<br />
8<br />
12<br />
16<br />
µm<br />
T C<br />
(Φ/Φ 0<br />
) <strong>for</strong> a superconducting ring<br />
6<br />
4<br />
2<br />
0<br />
0<br />
2<br />
4<br />
µm<br />
Nanomagnets<br />
• To study the single entity properties through shrinking its<br />
dimensions (i.e., the evolution of magnetism at nanoscale)<br />
( ) -6.72 eV<br />
a 1<br />
LUMO<br />
(1 dxy ), (1 dx² -y²)<br />
HOMO<br />
( e 2 ) -8.10 eV<br />
(1 d ), (1 d ) ( e 3<br />
) -8.15 eV<br />
xz yz<br />
(1 d z² )<br />
(1 s)<br />
(1 p z )<br />
Ag 4d<br />
b<strong>and</strong><br />
• To underst<strong>and</strong> the properties of both the<br />
elementary "magnetic building blocks"<br />
(nanocells - magnetic clusters, etc.) as well<br />
as their collective behaviour when put<br />
together<br />
X-ray reflectometry mapping of<br />
a patterned magnetic structure<br />
Magnetic domains in an<br />
antiferromagnetic Fe/Cr<br />
superlattice<br />
Calculated electronic structure of a<br />
Ag cluster containing magnetic Co dopants<br />
• To study superstructures (superlattices <strong>and</strong> cluster arrays) through<br />
combining the single magnetic entities (the drive in chemistry to<br />
make advanced structures from elementary building blocks)<br />
Cover (from top to bottom):<br />
Simulated vortex distribution in a superconducting square, cluster deposited on a surface, STM imaging of molecules.
<strong>Institute</strong> <strong>for</strong> <strong>Nanoscale</strong> <strong>Physics</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Chemistry</strong><br />
Research Activities<br />
Superconductor/Ferromagnet hybrid nanosystems<br />
• Vortex matter in superconductors with magnetic dots <strong>and</strong> in superconductor / ferromagnet planar hybrids<br />
• New possibilities of vortex manipulation with nanoscale magnetic pinning sites <strong>and</strong> magnetic textures<br />
• Novel phenomena such as field-induced superconductivity <strong>and</strong> domain wall superconductivity<br />
Lattice of magnetic dots<br />
on top of a<br />
superconducting thin film<br />
Field induced superconductivity<br />
Order parameter distribution<br />
in a superconducting square<br />
with a magnetic dot on top<br />
(vorticity= -27)<br />
Magnetic domains in<br />
BaFe 12<br />
O 19<br />
Carbon nanosystems<br />
• Carbon nanotubes <strong>and</strong> related materials, including fullerenes, are unique nanosystems with great scientific<br />
<strong>and</strong> technological potential<br />
• Realistic modeling of the electronic structure of carbon nanomaterials<br />
• Experimental probing of electrical <strong>and</strong> mechanical properties<br />
SEM AFM resonance<br />
Ring currents in<br />
nanographene<br />
MHz<br />
110<br />
nm<br />
300<br />
90<br />
70<br />
1 µm<br />
0<br />
50<br />
SEM <strong>and</strong> AFM imaging of a coiled carbon nanotube, where<br />
the dynamic AFM mode also provides direct in<strong>for</strong>mation<br />
about the mechanical resonance of the windings of the tube
Research Activities<br />
Silicon nanosystems<br />
•To integrate research on Si-based nm particles <strong>and</strong> 2D structures regarding properties of nanoparticles,<br />
layers, interfaces, <strong>and</strong> surfaces, based on a complementary study of phonons, charges, <strong>and</strong> spins<br />
• Metal-doped Si clusters<br />
• Phonon <strong>and</strong> electron states in 2D systems<br />
hν Au/Al (15 nm) hν<br />
• Nanoparticles <strong>and</strong> embedding<br />
IPS<br />
• Interfaces <strong>and</strong> point defects<br />
Intercalated Fe-Si layer<br />
in an Fe matrix<br />
+<br />
-<br />
BIAS<br />
Si<br />
pA<br />
MeO x<br />
Au/Al<br />
Si<br />
pA<br />
V g<br />
>0 V g<br />
<strong>Institute</strong> <strong>for</strong> <strong>Nanoscale</strong> <strong>Physics</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Chemistry</strong><br />
Research Activities<br />
Self-assembled molecular <strong>and</strong> macromolecular structures<br />
• Precise control <strong>and</strong> creation of nanoscale organic structures (with special attention to chirality)<br />
• Highly ordered 2D templates <strong>for</strong> nanostructures<br />
• Self-assembled nanostructures under potential control<br />
• Mixtures of molecules <strong>and</strong> polymers self-organizing into bicontinuous percolating systems<br />
• Characterization of the electronic <strong>and</strong> optical properties of self-assembled structures<br />
• Synthesis of new chiral conducting polymers self-assembling into chiral supramolecular structures<br />
STM image of rosettes<br />
<strong>for</strong>med byπ-conjugated<br />
OPV’s<br />
STM image of monomers<br />
<strong>and</strong> s<strong>and</strong>wich dimers of<br />
phthalocyanine<br />
STM image of chiral poly-<br />
(3,7-dimethyloctyl)thiophene<br />
in a chiral mono- <strong>and</strong> bilayer<br />
Chains of bacteria, visualized<br />
by electron microsocopy can be<br />
used as (in this case 1D) templates<br />
to deposit nanoparticles<br />
Fundamental Research - Technology - Education<br />
INPAC – IMEC – Erasmus Mundus MNST<br />
Fundamental Research<br />
INPAC<br />
www.kuleuven.be/inpac<br />
Applied Research<br />
IMEC<br />
www.imec.be<br />
Education<br />
Erasmus Mundus Master of<br />
Nanoscience <strong>and</strong> Nanotechnology<br />
www.kuleuven.be/MNST
Research Facilities<br />
e<br />
µ B<br />
ηω<br />
INPAC<br />
K.U.<strong>Leuven</strong><br />
Modeling<br />
Tools<br />
6<br />
TD(GL)<br />
Abrikosov-<br />
Gor’kov<br />
Bogoliubovde<br />
Gennes<br />
Ab initio<br />
calculation<br />
Kohn – Sham<br />
DFT<br />
Car – Parrinello<br />
DFT<br />
Molecular<br />
dynamics<br />
6<br />
Monte-<br />
Carlo<br />
PAC<br />
Integrated<br />
Physical<br />
Properties<br />
Local<br />
Probe<br />
Techniques<br />
Optical<br />
Techniques<br />
4<br />
5<br />
4<br />
3<br />
Time resolved<br />
calorimetry<br />
LT – vacuum<br />
STM<br />
Quasi-elastic<br />
light scattering<br />
SQUID<br />
VSM<br />
LT – vacuum<br />
STS<br />
Time resolved<br />
spectroscopy<br />
High field<br />
ρ, M, CR, PL<br />
LT- AFM<br />
Photoionization<br />
spectroscopy<br />
Mössbauer<br />
spectroscopy<br />
LT- MFM<br />
UV-VIS<br />
MO KERR<br />
X-ray magnetic<br />
hyperfine spectr.<br />
Micro-Raman<br />
spectroscopy<br />
Hyper-Rayleigh<br />
scattering<br />
Low T CEMS<br />
I-V, C-V, G-V<br />
SPM in fluids<br />
Transient photoconductivity<br />
Neutron<br />
scattering<br />
AFM in fluids<br />
Confocal<br />
microscopy<br />
5<br />
4<br />
3<br />
SHPM<br />
Fluorescent<br />
cell sorter<br />
Rheed<br />
Integrated<br />
Structural<br />
Properties<br />
2<br />
1<br />
0<br />
XRD<br />
XPS<br />
E-beam<br />
patterning<br />
Molecular<br />
beam epitaxy<br />
Auger<br />
Ion beam<br />
patterning<br />
Cluster beam<br />
deposition<br />
Raman<br />
spectroscopy<br />
STM –<br />
writing<br />
Low energy<br />
ion deposition<br />
ESR<br />
IPE<br />
Optical<br />
lithography<br />
Sputtering<br />
Evaporation<br />
RBS<br />
ERD<br />
Channeling<br />
Selfassembly<br />
Spin<br />
casting<br />
Nanomanipulator<br />
Electro-chemical<br />
deposition<br />
SEM<br />
TEM<br />
Self- organized<br />
etching<br />
Potentio-control<br />
adsorption<br />
2<br />
1<br />
0<br />
Langmuir-<br />
Blodgett<br />
Meltquenching<br />
Nano-<br />
Structuring<br />
Techniques<br />
Thin film<br />
Preparation<br />
Thin film preparation<br />
• Molecular beam epitaxy<br />
• Sputtering & Evaporation<br />
• Low energy ion deposition/implantation<br />
• Cluster beam deposition<br />
• Electro-chemical deposition<br />
• Spin casting<br />
• Potentio-control adsorption<br />
• Langmuir-Blodgett layer deposition<br />
Nanostructuring techniques<br />
• E-beam patterning<br />
• Ion beam patterning<br />
• STM-writing<br />
• Optical lithography<br />
• Nanomanipulation<br />
• Self-assembly<br />
• Self-organized etching<br />
• Melt quenching<br />
Riber MBE - IMBL
Cluster source<br />
<strong>and</strong> vaporisation laser<br />
Local probe techniques<br />
• Scanning tunnelling microscopy<br />
(low temperature <strong>and</strong> vacuum)<br />
• Scanning tunnelling spectroscopy<br />
(low temperature <strong>and</strong> vacuum)<br />
• Atomic <strong>for</strong>ce microscopy<br />
(low temperature, ambient, in fluids)<br />
• Magnetic <strong>for</strong>ce microscopy (low temperature)<br />
• Scanning probe microscopy in fluids<br />
• Scanning Hall probe microscopy<br />
Integrated physical properties<br />
• Time resolved, laser induced optoacoustic calorimetry<br />
• SQUID magnetometry<br />
• Vibrating sample magnetometry<br />
• High (pulsed) magnetic field resistivity <strong>and</strong> magnetization<br />
• Mössbauer spectroscopy<br />
• X-ray magnetic hyperfine spectroscopy<br />
• Neutron scattering<br />
• Center of mass spectroscopy (low temperature)<br />
• Perturbed angular correlation spectroscopy<br />
• I-V, C-V, <strong>and</strong> σ−V analysis<br />
<strong>Institute</strong> <strong>for</strong> <strong>Nanoscale</strong> <strong>Physics</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Chemistry</strong><br />
Integrated structural properties<br />
• X-ray diffraction (XRD)<br />
• Auger spectroscopy<br />
• X-rayphotoelectronspectroscopy(XPS)<br />
• Micro-Raman <strong>and</strong> resonant Raman spectroscopy<br />
• Ruther<strong>for</strong>d backscattering spectrometry (RBS)<br />
• Elastic recoil detection analysis (ERD)<br />
• Ion beam channeling<br />
• Reflection-high energy electron diffraction (RHEED)<br />
• Scanning electron microscopy (SEM)<br />
• Transmission electron spectroscopy (TEM)<br />
• Electron spin resonance spectroscopy (ESR)<br />
• Internal photoemission spectroscopy (IPE)<br />
Optical techniques<br />
• Ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry (UV-VIS)<br />
• Time resolved spectroscopy<br />
• Photoionization spectroscopy<br />
• Mass spectroscopy<br />
• Quasi-elastic light scattering<br />
• Hyper-Rayleigh scattering<br />
• High (pulsed) magnetic field photoluminescence<br />
• Confocal microscopy<br />
• Magneto-optical KERR effect<br />
• Transient photoconductivity<br />
• Fluorescence assisted cell sorter<br />
Scanning<br />
probe<br />
microscope<br />
Calculated<br />
isosurfaces <strong>for</strong> the<br />
difference charge<br />
density in<br />
USn 3<br />
Modeling tools<br />
• Time dependent Ginzburg-L<strong>and</strong>au<br />
• Bogoliubov-de Gennes<br />
• Ab-initio calculations<br />
• Abrikosov-Gor'kov<br />
• Kohn-Sham density functional theorem<br />
• Car-Parrinello density functional theorem<br />
• Molecular dynamics simulations<br />
• Monte-Carlo simulations
<strong>Institute</strong> <strong>for</strong> <strong>Nanoscale</strong> <strong>Physics</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Chemistry</strong><br />
steering committee<br />
Prof. Victor V. Moshchalkov<br />
Director INPAC<br />
<strong>Institute</strong> <strong>for</strong> <strong>Nanoscale</strong> <strong>Physics</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Chemistry</strong><br />
Celestijnenlaan 200 D, B-3001 <strong>Leuven</strong><br />
Phone: +32 16 327618<br />
Fax: + 32 16 327983<br />
E-mail: victor.moshchalkov@fys.kuleuven.be<br />
Prof. Arnout Ceulemans<br />
Vice-director INPAC<br />
Department of <strong>Chemistry</strong><br />
Quantum <strong>Chemistry</strong> <strong>and</strong> Physical <strong>Chemistry</strong><br />
Celestijnenlaan 200F, B-3001 <strong>Leuven</strong><br />
Phone: +32 16 327363 or +32 16 327356<br />
Fax: +32 16 327992<br />
E-mail: Arnout.Ceulemans@chem.kuleuven.be<br />
Prof. Mark Van der Auweraer<br />
Department of <strong>Chemistry</strong><br />
Molecular <strong>and</strong> Nanomaterials<br />
Photochemistry <strong>and</strong> Spectroscopy<br />
Celestijnenlaan 200F, B-3001 <strong>Leuven</strong><br />
Phone: +32 16 327496 or +32 16 327418<br />
Fax: +32 16 327990<br />
E-mail: Mark.V<strong>and</strong>erAuweraer@chem.kuleuven.be<br />
Prof. Chris Van Haesendonck<br />
Department of <strong>Physics</strong> <strong>and</strong> Astronomy<br />
Solid State <strong>Physics</strong> <strong>and</strong> Magnetism<br />
Nanophysics with Scanning Probes<br />
Celestijnenlaan 200D, B-3001 <strong>Leuven</strong><br />
Phone: +32 16 327501 or +32 16 327184<br />
Fax: +32 16 327983<br />
E-mail: Chris.VanHaesendonck@fys.kuleuven.be<br />
Prof. André Vantomme<br />
Department of <strong>Physics</strong> <strong>and</strong> Astronomy<br />
Nuclear <strong>and</strong> Radiation <strong>Physics</strong><br />
Nuclear Solid State <strong>Physics</strong><br />
Celestijnenlaan 200D, B-3001 <strong>Leuven</strong><br />
Phone: +32 16 327514 or +32 16 327680<br />
Fax: +32 16 327985<br />
E-mail: Andre.Vantomme@fys.kuleuven.be<br />
Prof. Koen Clays<br />
Department of <strong>Chemistry</strong><br />
Molecular <strong>and</strong> Nanomaterials<br />
Molecular Electronics <strong>and</strong> Photonics<br />
Celestijnenlaan 200D, B-3001 <strong>Leuven</strong><br />
Phone: +32 16 327508<br />
Fax: +32 16 327982<br />
E-mail: Koen.Clays@fys.kuleuven.be<br />
Prof. Peter Lievens<br />
Department of <strong>Physics</strong> <strong>and</strong> Astronomy<br />
Solid State <strong>Physics</strong> <strong>and</strong> Magnetism<br />
Clusters <strong>and</strong> Laser Spectroscopy<br />
Celestijnenlaan 200D, B-3001 <strong>Leuven</strong><br />
Phone: +32 16 327207 or +32 16 327184<br />
Fax: +32 16 327983<br />
E-mail: Peter.Lievens@fys.kuleuven.be<br />
Prof. Andre Stesmans<br />
Department of <strong>Physics</strong> <strong>and</strong> Astronomy<br />
Semiconductor <strong>Physics</strong><br />
Electron Spin Resonance<br />
Celestijnenlaan 200D, B-3001 <strong>Leuven</strong><br />
Phone: +32 16 327179 or +32 16 327281<br />
Fax: +32 16 327987<br />
E-mail: Andre.Stesmans@fys.kuleuven.be<br />
Prof. Jozef V<strong>and</strong>erleyden<br />
Department of Microbial <strong>and</strong> Molecular Systems (M2S)<br />
Centre of Microbial <strong>and</strong> Plant Genetics<br />
Cell-cell interactions<br />
Kasteelpark Arenberg 20, B-3001 <strong>Leuven</strong><br />
Phone: +32 16 329679 or +32 16 321631<br />
Fax: +32 16 321966<br />
E-mail: Jozef.V<strong>and</strong>erleyden@biw.kuleuven.be<br />
Prof. Johan Vanacken<br />
Scientific secretary INPAC<br />
<strong>Institute</strong> <strong>for</strong> <strong>Nanoscale</strong> <strong>Physics</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Chemistry</strong><br />
Celestijnenlaan 200 D, B-3001 <strong>Leuven</strong><br />
Phone: +32 16 327198<br />
Fax: + 32 16 327983<br />
E-mail: johan.vanacken@fys.kuleuven.be<br />
how to reach us:<br />
E-mail: inpac@kuleuven.be<br />
Web: www.kuleuven.be/inpac
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