petrology of ultramafic and related rocks along iraqi zagros thrust zone

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Acknowledgements I would like to thank my supervisor Professor H. Maekawa for his support and wisdom throughout the years of study. I have learn more than I ever thought imaginable. I will never forget the skills you made me learn on my own. Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research of Kurdistan Regional Government are highly appreciated for covering my expense during the entire time of this study. I would like to offer special thanks to Prof. Dr Kazuhiko Ishii, Prof Dr. Hideo Ogawa, and Prof. Dr. Satoshi Tanaka for their discussions and comments. Many thanks to my wonderful family who helped me through the hardest of times to make it to where I am today: Father and Mother: You are factory of graet persons. I love you lots! Brothers and sister: You have been so supportive of me these past three years; I couldn’t have done it without you! Thank you! Many thank to my wife family for taking care of her instead of me, while I was busy with my study. I hope we all keep in touch and never forget what a great experience this was!
ABSTRACT Four main ultramafic rock bodies are distributed along the Iraqi Zagros Thrust Zone. They are Penjwin, Mawat, Pauza, and Qalander ultramafic bodies, in the order from southeast to northeast. They are typical lithological markers of the suture zone between Arabian and Iranian plates. Mineralogical and petrological investigation of Iraqi Zagros Thrust Zone peridotites indicates that they are mantle tectonite, rather than cumulate or replacive rock. They are mainly depleted harzburgite and dunite, along with restricted occurrence of spinel lherzolite to the Pauza ultramafic body, and consist of olivine, diopside, enstatite, spinel, serpentine, amphibole, and chromian chlorite. In dunite and harzburgite chromian spinel occurs as a coarse subhedral to euhedral grain. Chromian spinel in dunite commonly has Cr-rich core and Cr-poor ones. Chromian spinel in harzburgite rarely shows peculiar zoning of Cr-rich core and Alrich rim. The lherzolite contains aluminous spinel which occurs as fine subhedral to anhedral grains with lobate boundaries. On the basis of their Cr# [Cr# = Cr/ (Cr + Al)] of spinel, the spinels in lherzolite are chemically analogous to those from abyssal peridotites, whereas the chromian spinels in dunite and harzburgite resemble those from arc-related peridotites. Variations of mineral modal proportions and mineral chemistry; in addition low TiO 2 contents of spinel in lherzolite with gradual linear increasing of TiO 2 in spinels toward harzburgite and dunite, are consisting with 15 %, 30%, and more than 40 % partial melting for spinel lherzolite, harzburgite and dunite, respectively. For the first time, albitite was found in the Iraqi Zagros thrust zone near the village of Mlakawa, 60 km northeast of Sulaimani City, Kurdistan region, northeastern Iraq. It occurs as a white pod within the massive tectonized and serpentinitized part of Penjwin ophiolite sequence. The preserved texture and mineralogical, petrological, and geochemical data from the core of the albitite pod suggest that protolith of Mlakawa I
Page 1 and 2: PETROLOGY OF ULTRAMAFIC AND RELATED
Page 3: We certify that we read this thesis
Page 7 and 8: CONTENTS Chapter 1: Background, Aim
Page 9 and 10: Chapter 7: Conclusions and Recommen
Page 11 and 12: Figure 3 - 10: Field photograph of
Page 13 and 14: albite - tremolite zone, E = albite
Page 15 and 16: Figure 6 - 19: Time-paragenesis, al
Page 17 and 18: Table 6 - 2: Representative microna
Page 19 and 20: 1 BACKGROUND 1-1 Ultramafic rocks U
Page 21 and 22: ocks of the belt. These attributes
Page 23 and 24: 1-1-3 Metamorphism of ultramafics M
Page 25 and 26: Reaction 1: Isochemical serpentiniz
Page 27 and 28: 1-2-2 Jadeitites Jadeitite is compo
Page 29 and 30: In combining the new data on the se
Page 31 and 32: 2-1 Regional geology The Iraq Zagro
Page 33 and 34: 2-1-1 Geology of Penjwin area 2-1-1
Page 35 and 36: of Luta-Rash. Volcanic rocks are ex
Page 37 and 38: and a sandstone unit of the Paleoce
Page 39: Fig. 2-1: Tectonic subdivision of I
Page 42 and 43: Fig. 2-4: Field photograph of Gimo
Page 45 and 46: Chapter 3 Petrology of ultramafic r
Page 47 and 48: 3-1-2 Harzburgite Harzburgite is th
Page 49 and 50: 3-1-6 Serpentinite Two types of ser
Page 51 and 52: small amount of ilmenite. Hornblend
Page 53: In places, it is surrounded by fine
Page 62 and 63:
4 Mineralogy and mineral chemistry
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compositions with Mg-number ranging
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4-3-4 Hydrous phases Hydrous phases
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Fig 4 -3: Compositions of chromian
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Fig 4 -6: Compositions of chromian
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Chapter 5 Discussions 55
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the tectonite region of the graph (
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involves loss and gain of CaO, SiO
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Fig. 5 - 1: Chromian spinel composi
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Fig. 5-3: Cr-number in spinel vs. F
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Chapter 6 Related rock 65
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plagioclase (Figs. 6 - 2 G,H) and z
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Plagioclase and ilmenite are the or
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2 CaAl 2 Si 2 O 8 (anorthite) + Na
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apatite grains, characterized by bl
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the rim. Estimated pressure - tempe
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16 clinozoisite + H 2 O. (16) From
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metamorphism. It was also formed du
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Fig. 6 - 2: Photomicrographs and im
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Fig. 6 - 4: Backscattered electron
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Fig. 6 - 7: Line scan profile acros
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Fig. 6 - 9: Line scan profile of pa
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Fig. 6 - 11: (A) Backscatter electr
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Fig. 6 - 13: Field of the approxima
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Fig. 6 - 15: Whole rock chemical co
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Fig. 6 - 17: Whole rock chemical co
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Fig. 6 - 19: Time-paragenesis, albi
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1 Conclusions 1. The Iraqi Zagros T
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2 Recommendations for further works
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Arai, S., 1987. An estimation of th
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Chakhmouradian, A.R., Reguir, E.P.,
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Evans, B.W., Frost, B.R., 1975. Chr
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Kamenetsky, V., Crawford, A. J., an
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Morand, V.J., 1990. High chromium a
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Watson, E.B., Wark, D. A. and Thoma
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Table 4 - 1: Representative microna
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Table 4 -11: Representative microna
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Table 4 -13: Representative microna
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Research public activity Peer-revie
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petrology of ultramafic and related rocks along iraqi zagros thrust zone

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