petrology of ultramafic and related rocks along iraqi zagros thrust zone

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albitite is plagiogranite. It has undergone rodingitization and blackwall formation along its rim. The occurrence of barium aluminoslicate (celsian), cymrite, barium muscovite, and a high Na 2 O concentration (11 wt.%) of albitite suggests that barium-sodium-rich fluid was involved during the albitization process of plagiogranite. Evidence of the progressive albitization includes the metasomatic replacement of Ca-plagioclase to albite and grossular, celsian to cymrite, replacement of tremolite by edenite, and new formation of sheaf-like barium muscovite. The presence of analcime and multiple generations of chlorite suggest that the albitite protolith was accompanied by chloritization and retrograde metamorphism before and after the albitization process. Ca-amphibole thermobarometry and modes of occurrence of polygenetic metamorphic titanite, along with the occurrence of strontium apatite and cymrite, suggest that the albitization of plagiogranite occurred at < 650 °C and 1.5 GPa. II
CONTENTS Chapter 1: Background, Aim, and Methodology 1 Background --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2 1-1 Ultramafic rocks ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2 1-1-1 Mode of occurrence of ultramafic rocks -------------------- 3 1-1-2 Genetic classification of Ultramafic rocks --------------- 4 1-1-2-1 Cumulate ultramafics ---------------------------------------- 4 1-1-2-2 Tectonite ultramafics ----------------------------------------- 4 1-1-2-3 Replacive ultramafics ---------------------------------------- 5 1-1-3 Metamorphism of ultramafics ------------------------------------- 5 1-1-3-1 Serpentinization --------------------------------------------------- 6 1-1-3-2 Ultrahigh pressure metamorphism ------------ 8 1-2 Associated rocks with serpentinized ultramafic rocks --- 9 1-2-1 Rodingite ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 9 1-2-2 Jadeitites ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 10 1-2-3 Albitite ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 10 2 Aim of the study ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 10 3 Methodology --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 11 Chapter 2 : Geology and tectonic setting 2-1 Regional geology ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 14 2-1-1 Geology of Penjwin area ------------------------------------------------------------- 16 2-1-1-1 Penjwin ophiolite --------------------------------------------------------- 16 2-1-1-2 Qandiel sequence --------------------------------------------------------- 16 2-1-1-3 Red Bed Series -------------------------------------------------------------- 17 2-1-2 Geology of Mawat-Chwarta area --------------------------------------- 17 2-1-2-1 Mawat ophiolite ------------------------------------------------------------ 17 2-1-2-2 Walash-Nouprdan Group ------------------------------------------------ 18 2-1-2-3 Betwat-Kunjern serpentinite belt ------------------------ 18 2-1-2-4 Gimo unit ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 19 2-1-3 Geology of Bulfat igneous complex ----------------------------------- 19 2-2 Regional tectonic setting -------------------------------------------------------------- 20 Chapter 3 : Petrology and field observation 3 Petrology and field observation ----------------------------------------------------- 29 3-1 Penjwin ultramafic body ----------------------------------------------------------- 29 3-1-1 Dunite ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 29 3-1-2 Harzburgite -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 30 3-1-3 Pyroxenite ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 30 3-1-4 Chromitite ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 31 3-1-5 Hornblendite ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 31 3-1-6 Serpentinite ------------------------------------------------------------------------- 32 3-2 Mawat ultramafic body -------------------------------------------------------------- 32 3-2-1 Dunite ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 33 3-2-2 Harzburgite -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 33 3-2-3 Webesterite ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 33 3-2-4 Hornbelendite --------------------------------------------------------------------- 33 III
Page 1 and 2: PETROLOGY OF ULTRAMAFIC AND RELATED
Page 3 and 4: We certify that we read this thesis
Page 5: ABSTRACT Four main ultramafic rock
Page 9 and 10: Chapter 7: Conclusions and Recommen
Page 11 and 12: Figure 3 - 10: Field photograph of
Page 13 and 14: albite - tremolite zone, E = albite
Page 15 and 16: Figure 6 - 19: Time-paragenesis, al
Page 17 and 18: Table 6 - 2: Representative microna
Page 19 and 20: 1 BACKGROUND 1-1 Ultramafic rocks U
Page 21 and 22: ocks of the belt. These attributes
Page 23 and 24: 1-1-3 Metamorphism of ultramafics M
Page 25 and 26: Reaction 1: Isochemical serpentiniz
Page 27 and 28: 1-2-2 Jadeitites Jadeitite is compo
Page 29 and 30: In combining the new data on the se
Page 31 and 32: 2-1 Regional geology The Iraq Zagro
Page 33 and 34: 2-1-1 Geology of Penjwin area 2-1-1
Page 35 and 36: of Luta-Rash. Volcanic rocks are ex
Page 37 and 38: and a sandstone unit of the Paleoce
Page 39: Fig. 2-1: Tectonic subdivision of I
Page 42 and 43: Fig. 2-4: Field photograph of Gimo
Page 45 and 46: Chapter 3 Petrology of ultramafic r
Page 47 and 48: 3-1-2 Harzburgite Harzburgite is th
Page 49 and 50: 3-1-6 Serpentinite Two types of ser
Page 51 and 52: small amount of ilmenite. Hornblend
Page 53: In places, it is surrounded by fine
Page 62 and 63:
4 Mineralogy and mineral chemistry
Page 64 and 65:
compositions with Mg-number ranging
Page 66 and 67:
4-3-4 Hydrous phases Hydrous phases
Page 68 and 69:
Fig 4 -3: Compositions of chromian
Page 70 and 71:
Fig 4 -6: Compositions of chromian
Page 72 and 73:
Chapter 5 Discussions 55
Page 74 and 75:
the tectonite region of the graph (
Page 76 and 77:
involves loss and gain of CaO, SiO
Page 78 and 79:
Fig. 5 - 1: Chromian spinel composi
Page 80 and 81:
Fig. 5-3: Cr-number in spinel vs. F
Page 82 and 83:
Chapter 6 Related rock 65
Page 84 and 85:
plagioclase (Figs. 6 - 2 G,H) and z
Page 86 and 87:
Plagioclase and ilmenite are the or
Page 88 and 89:
2 CaAl 2 Si 2 O 8 (anorthite) + Na
Page 90 and 91:
apatite grains, characterized by bl
Page 92 and 93:
the rim. Estimated pressure - tempe
Page 94 and 95:
16 clinozoisite + H 2 O. (16) From
Page 96 and 97:
metamorphism. It was also formed du
Page 98 and 99:
Fig. 6 - 2: Photomicrographs and im
Page 100 and 101:
Fig. 6 - 4: Backscattered electron
Page 102 and 103:
Fig. 6 - 7: Line scan profile acros
Page 104 and 105:
Fig. 6 - 9: Line scan profile of pa
Page 106 and 107:
Fig. 6 - 11: (A) Backscatter electr
Page 108 and 109:
Fig. 6 - 13: Field of the approxima
Page 110 and 111:
Fig. 6 - 15: Whole rock chemical co
Page 112 and 113:
Fig. 6 - 17: Whole rock chemical co
Page 114 and 115:
Fig. 6 - 19: Time-paragenesis, albi
Page 116 and 117:
1 Conclusions 1. The Iraqi Zagros T
Page 118 and 119:
2 Recommendations for further works
Page 120 and 121:
Arai, S., 1987. An estimation of th
Page 122 and 123:
Chakhmouradian, A.R., Reguir, E.P.,
Page 124 and 125:
Evans, B.W., Frost, B.R., 1975. Chr
Page 126 and 127:
Kamenetsky, V., Crawford, A. J., an
Page 128 and 129:
Morand, V.J., 1990. High chromium a
Page 130 and 131:
Watson, E.B., Wark, D. A. and Thoma
Page 132 and 133:
Table 4 - 1: Representative microna
Page 134 and 135:
Page 136 and 137:
Page 138 and 139:
Page 140 and 141:
Page 142 and 143:
Table 4 -11: Representative microna
Page 144 and 145:
Table 4 -13: Representative microna
Page 146 and 147:
Page 148 and 149:
Page 150 and 151:
Page 152 and 153:
Page 154 and 155:
Page 156:
Research public activity Peer-revie
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petrology of ultramafic and related rocks along iraqi zagros thrust zone

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