FOR OVER THIRTY YEARS, THE NATIONAL CENTER FOR STATE COURTS (NCSC) HAS EXISTED to improve the adm<strong>in</strong>istration of justice through leadership and service to the state courts. ESTABLISHED BY CHIEF JUSTICE WARREN E. BURGER AND THE CHIEF JUSTICES OF THE UNITED STATES IN 1971, NCSC is the focal po<strong>in</strong>t of research, <strong>in</strong>formation, education, and direct technical assistance for the courts, and the source of many <strong>in</strong>novations that have led to significant improvements <strong>in</strong> judicial systems across the United States and around the world. AMONG ITS INITIATIVES, NCSC works with the Conference of Chief Justices and the Conference of State Court Adm<strong>in</strong>istrators <strong>in</strong> their efforts to implement their resolution <strong>in</strong> support of problem-solv<strong>in</strong>g courts. BOARD OF DIRECTORS 2006 -2007 ROBERT M. BELL Chair, Chief Judge, Court of Appeals of Maryland CURTIS “HANK” BARNETTE Skadden Arps Slate Meagher & Flom LLP, Wash<strong>in</strong>gton, DC HOWARD “SKIP” CHESSHIRE Court Adm<strong>in</strong>istrator, Cobb County Superior Court, Marietta, GA ZELDA M. DEBOYES Court Adm<strong>in</strong>istrator, Aurora Municipal Court, Aurora, CO GEORGE S. FRAZZA Of Counsel, Patterson Belknap Webb & Tyler LLP, <strong>New</strong> <strong>York</strong>, NY EILEEN A. KATO Judge, K<strong>in</strong>g County District Court, K<strong>in</strong>g County Courthouse, Seattle, WA DALE R. KOCH Presid<strong>in</strong>g Judge, Circuit Court - Multnomah County, OR BRENDA S. LOFTIN Associate Circuit Judge, St. Louis County Circuit Court, MO HON. MARGARET H. MARSHALL Chief Justice, Supreme <strong>Judicial</strong> Court of Massachusetts JAMES D. GINGERICH Vice-Chair, Director, Arkansas AOC, Supreme Court of Arkansas RUBEN 0. CARREROU Court Adm<strong>in</strong>istrator, 11 th <strong>Judicial</strong> Circuit, Miami, FL MS. STEPHANIE J. COLE Adm<strong>in</strong>istrative Director of the Courts, Alaska Court System GERALD T. ELLIOTT Judge, Trial Court, Division 4, 10 th <strong>Judicial</strong> District of Kansas, Johnson County District Court THOMAS A. GOTTSCHALK Of Counsel, Kirkland & Ellis, Wash<strong>in</strong>gton, D.C. RUFUS G. KING, III Chief Judge, Superior Court of District of Columbia JONATHAN LIPPMAN Chief Adm<strong>in</strong>istrative Judge, <strong>New</strong> <strong>York</strong> State Unified Court System GARY L. LUMPKIN Vice-Presid<strong>in</strong>g Judge, Court of Crim<strong>in</strong>al Appeals Oklahoma City, OK CHARLES W. MATTHEWS, JR. Vice President & General Counsel, ExxonMobil Corporation MARY MCCORMICK President, Fund for the City of <strong>New</strong> <strong>York</strong> ROBERT S. PECK President, Center for Constitutional Litigation, P.C. RONALD B. ROBIE Associate Justice of the Court of Appeal, Third Appellate District, CA LEE SUSKIN Court Adm<strong>in</strong>istrator, Supreme Court of Vermont E. LEO MILONAS Partner, Pillsbury W<strong>in</strong>throp Shaw Pittman LLP, NY CHARLES B. RENFREW Law Offices of Charles B. Renfrew RANDALL T. SHEPARD Chief Justice of Indiana, Supreme Court of Indiana JEAN HOEFER TOAL Chair-Elect, Chief Justice, Supreme Court of South Carol<strong>in</strong>a MARY C. MCQUEEN President, <strong>National</strong> Center for State Courts
iii TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1 I. THE STANDARD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4 II. JUDICIAL SALARIES: THE NEW YORK EXPERIENCE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5 III. COMPENSATION COMPARATIVELY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9 IV. JUDICIAL SALARIES: A NATIONAL PERSPECTIVE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17 V. CONSEQUENCES OF STAGNANT JUDICIAL SALARIES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21 VI. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23 APPENDIX A JUDICIAL SALARY LEVELS IN NEW YORK . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24 APPENDIX B LEGISLATIVE HISTORY OF JUDICIAL SALARY ADJUSTMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . .25 APPENDIX C JUDICIAL SALARY ADJUSTMENTS 1977-2007 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .36 APPENDIX D NEW YORK STATE JUDICIARY’S SALARY PROPOSAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .37