Advanced Hemodynamics - Orlando Health

Advanced Hemodynamic Monitoring
Lithium indicator dilution technique: uses an injection of lithium via a peripheral catheter,
which is being detected at the lithium sensor of an arterial catheter. It calibrates the arterial
waveform in order to calculate the cardiac output.
PA: Pulmonary artery.
Positive End Expiratory Pressure (PEEP): is a ventilator mode that keeps the airway pressure
above atmospheric pressure, thus increasing the surface area for gas exchange.
Pulmonary Artery Catheter (PAC): Flow-guided catheter to measure pulmonary artery
pressures and cardiac output. Developed by the physicians Swan and Ganz in the 1970s.
Pulmonary Artery Occlusion Pressure (PAOP): is the pressure of the blood distal to the
occlusion of the pulmonary artery measured by the PAC, and reflects the left ventricular
preload.
Pulmonary Vascular Resistance (PVR): is the opposition of flow in the pulmonary
circulation. Formula: PVR = (MPAP-PAOP)(79.9)/CO. Normal range is between 150 - 250
dynes/sec/cm 5 .
Right Ejection Fraction (REF): is the percentage of blood pumped out by the right ventricle
per beat. A normal ejection fraction is between 50 – 65%.
Right End Diastolic Volume (REDV): is the volume of the right ventricle in diastole prior to
ejection (systole) expressed in milliliters (ml).
Stroke Volume (SV): is the amount of blood volume (in milliliters) ejected every with
ventricular contraction. The normal range is between 60 – 100 ml/beat.
Stroke Volume Index (SVI): is the relationship of stroke volume and body surface area. The
normal range is between 33 – 47 ml/beat/m 2 .
Stroke Volume Variation (SVV): is the measurement of variability of the arterial pressure
waveform during inspiration and expiration on controlled mechanical ventilation. It can be used
to guide fluid resuscitation. The normal values range between 10 – 15%.
Systemic Vascular Resistance (SVR): is the opposition of flow in peripheral circulation.
Formula: SVR = (MAP-CVP)(79.9)/CO. Normal range is between 1000 - 1300 dynes/sec/cm 5 .
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