Primary 5/6 Science - Orlesson.com

Primary 5/6 Science
(Theme: Interaction)
Ace the Exam with
My 24/7 Tutor
Mind-map Presentations
Inquiring questions
Application-based question
Detailed explanation by tutor in virtual classroom
Consulting Editor: Dr Zhang Yong

© Outreach Edusys Pte Ltd
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. No part of this book and the
accompanying CDROM may be reproduced or transmitted in
any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical,
including photocopying, CD duplication, replication, or by any
information storage and retrieval system, without
permission in writing from the Publisher.
First Published 2010
ISBN: 978-981-4275-27-9
Published by:
Outreach Edusys Pte Ltd
(CRN: 200006571H)
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ii

Preface
This book is written in accordance to the guiding principles of the 2008 Primary Science
Syllabus issued by Singapore Ministry of Education where the understanding and
application of scientific knowledge is revolved around daily life and society in the context
of the modern environment. Special attention is also devoted to the development of
scientific skill set and the appreciation of the processes involved in problem solving and
scientific investigation.
This enrichment book is to be used in conjunction with the textbook. To assist students in
retaining the necessary knowledge, so as to enable application, in particularly across
domains, we develop mind maps for each theme. These mind maps allow systematic
linking of the concepts, an important ingredient in the application of theory.
The application of concepts is achieved through carefully crafted scenarios based
questions requiring the students to observe and deduce the application of the scientific
knowledge. The difficulty of each question is also carefully checked to ensure it conform
with that of top well-known Singapore schools.
Furthermore, to ensure students are not lost on this journey, this book “brings” the tuition
teacher along with it. Each book comes with a multimedia CDROM. The CDROM
contains detailed explanation of each question in each paper by our 24/7 tuition teacher in
a virtual classroom. These lessons ensure pupils understand the principles behind each
application and the processes involved in solving each question.
You may also want to try our online programme. These are interactive “diagnostic”
modules consisting of multiple choice questions. The incorrect options to each question
are carefully crafted using specific mis-conception in learners. If your child submit a
wrong answer, our system will dynamically diagnose your child’s problem and bring
him/her an explanation on why he/she is wrong, and what is the correct way to the
solutions of such questions.
Visit http://www.orlesson.org today.
iii

Contents
Interactions Mind Map
Energy Mind Map
Mock Paper A (Interactions) – Paper 1 1
Mock Paper A (Interactions) – Paper 2 15
Mock Paper B (Interactions) – Paper 1 26
Mock Paper B (Interactions) – Paper 2 38
Mock Paper C (Interactions) – Paper 1 49
Mock Paper C (Interactions) – Paper 2 62
Mock Paper D (Energy) – Paper 1 74
Mock Paper D (Energy) – Paper 2 86
Mock Paper E (Energy) – Paper 1 97
Mock Paper E (Energy) – Paper 2 110
Mock Paper F (Energy) – Paper 1 122
Mock Paper F (Energy) – Paper 2 135
Suggested Answers 146
iv

TO INSERT INTERACTION MINDMAP
LARGE 26CM X 38 CM
v

TO INSERT ENERGY MINDMAP
LARGE 26CM X 38 CM
vi

Mock Paper A (Interactions) – Paper 1
Duration: 1 hr 30 min
Section A: For each question 1 to 30 four options are given. One of them is the correct
answer. Make your choice (1, 2, 3, or 4) and write the number corresponding to the correct
option in the bracket provided. (60 Marks)
1. The graph shows the changes in the number of Organism X and Y living in a field
over a period of two years.
Which of the following statements can be inferred from the graph?
A: If X is a plant, Y is an animal that feeds on it.
B: If both X and Y are animals, X is a prey of Y.
C: Population X is always bigger than Population Y.
(1) A only (2) B only
(3) A and B only (4) B and C only
( )
2. An iron nail is magnetised by using the stroking
method, as shown in the diagram. The nail is then tied
and suspended from a string. A bar magnet is brought
near the nail.
Which one of the following correctly shows what
happens when the magnet is brought near the nail?
( )
1

3. Which one of the following classification charts is correct?
( )
2

4. The graph shows the average global temperature in degree Celsius.
Which of the fo1lowing are reasons for the above trend?
A: Burning of forest for plantation
B: Photosynthesis by green plants
C: Removal of trees for materials
D: Exhaust fumes from factories and vehicles.
(1) A and C only (2) B and D only
(3) A, C and D only (4) B, C and D only
( )
5. The four pie
charts show the
possible
population sizes
of 6 organisms
found in a field
community. In
terms of the
population sizes,
which one of the
pie charts shows
a well balanced
ecosystem of the
6 organisms
living in a field
habitat?
( )
3

6. Some examples of how energy is transferred from one living thing to another is
illustrated as follows.
leaf caterpillar bird
grass goat lion
corn chicken man
papaya fruit fly frog
Which conclusion can you draw based on the above examples?
A: The transfer of energy always begins with a plant.
B: All carnivores get their energy indirectly from the plant.
C: The arrows show the direction of energy transfer.
D: Energy can only be transferred from a herbivore to an omnivore to a carnivore.
(1) A and B only (2) B and C only
(3) A, B and C only (4) B, C and D only
( )
7. The following diagram shows 3 wheel and axle systems being used to lift up
identical 5 kg objects. The diameters of the axles are the same but the diameters of
the wheels are different.
El, E2 and E3 represent the amount of effort used to lift the objects 2 cm above the
surface of a table.
The efforts needed to lift each object by each system in descending order are as
follows.
(1) El, E2, E3 (2) El, E3, E2
(3) E2, El, E3 (4) E3, E1, E2
( )
4

8. James balanced four objects using the same balance as shown in the diagrams.
Which of the following represent the weights of the objects from heaviest to the
lightest?
9. Four pupils gave a statement each about forces.
( )
Andy :
Betty :
Cindy:
Doris :
A force is a push or a pull.
A force can be seen especially when a dent is made on an object as a
result of the force.
A force can cause a moving ball to stop moving, slow down, move faster
and/or change its direction of motion.
A force can change the shape of an object.
Whose statement is correct?
(1) Andy and Betty (2) Andy and Cindy
(3) Andy, Cindy and Doris (4) All of them
( )
5

10. The following set-up shows four different ring magnets, A, B, C and D, with the
same mass and with the like poles facing each other.
Based on the set-up shown above, which one of the following statements is most
likely to be correct?
(1)
(3)
The magnetic strength of magnet
B is stronger than magnet A.
The magnetic strength of magnet
C is stronger than magnet A.
(2)
(4)
The magnetic strength of magnet B
is stronger than magnet D.
The magnetic strength of magnet C
is stronger than magnet B.
( )
11. Serene was walking along the beach and observed that the plants on the beach were
growing in a particular pattern.
She draw some conclusion on her observations. Which of the following is here
conclusion?
Plant A Plant B Plant C
(1) Wind Animal Water
(2) Water Splitting Animal
(3) Splitting Water Wind
(4) Animal Wind Splitting
( )
6

12. Mary conducted an experiment using similar string bean seedlings in pots of the
same size over 2 weeks. She tabulated the results in the table.
Pot
Type of
soil
Amount of
water
No of times string
bean seedlings are
watered each day
No of string
bean
seedlings in
each pot
Average
height of
string bean
seedlings in
each pot (cm)
A Sandy 50 ml 3 5 8.9
B Loamy 50 ml 3 10 7.7
C Sandy 50 ml 3 10 6.0
D Loamy 50 ml 3 5 10.8
Which of the following are possible objectives for May's experiment?
A : To find out if overcrowding affects the growth of the seedlings.
B : To find out if the size of pot used affects the growth of the seedlings.
C : To find out if the type of soil used affects the growth of the seedlings.
D : To find out if the amount of water used affects the growth of the seedlings.
(1) A and D only (2) C and D only
(3) B and C only (4) A and C only
( )
13. Sally wanted to conduct an experiment to show that the number of leaves of a
plant affects the amount of water evaporated from the container it is placed. She put
four similar plants into 4 similar pots containing the same amount of water.
Which of the following set-ups can be used in her experiment?
(1) A and C (2) A and D
(3) B and C (4) C and D
( )
7

14. The diagram shows a food web in the rice fields.
Duck
Snail
Fish
Rice
Rat
Hawk
Grasshopper
Snake
A population of Animal Z invaded the field. The consequence is a decrease in the
snail population and an increase in the population of the rats. Which of the following
animals did Animal Z feed on?
(1) Fish (2) Duck
(3) Snake (4) Grasshopper
( )
15. In the food web below, an increase in the eagle population is likely to cause
_____________.
Wheat
Rat
Eagle
Grasshopper
Rabbit
Toad
A : an increase in the wheat population
B : an increase in the snake population
C : a decrease in the toad population
D : no change in the rabbit population
Snake
(1) A only (2) A and B only
(3) B and D only (4) A, B and C only
( )
8

16. The diagram below
shows a mango tree
with some living
organisms.
Based on the picture,
which of the following
statements is correct?
(1)
(3)
There are nine communities of
living things.
There are seven populations of
animals living on the tree.
(2)
(4)
All the living organisms on the tree
are herbivores.
All the living organisms in the
picture are food consumers
( )
17. Consider the following organisms. Which of the breathing methods do not match the
organisms shown?
Dragonfly Nymph Mudskipper Great diving beetle Water scorpion
Tubifex worm Backswimmer Water stick insect
(1) Gills Mudskipper
Dragonfly Nymph
(2) Moist skin Tubifex worms
Mudskipper
(3) Air bubbles Great Diving beetle
Backswimmer
(4) Gills Mudskipper
Dragonfly Nymph
Air
bubbles
Breathing
tubes
Breathing
tubes
Breathing
tubes
Great diving beetle
Backswimmer
Water scorpion
Water stick insect
Water scorpion
Water stick insect
Water scorpion
Water stick insect
( )
9

18. Which of the following arrows show correctly the direction in which magnet
X would move?
19. Which of the following are structural adaptations of animals?
A: Bears hibernate during winter.
B: Penguins huddle together to keep warm.
C: The stripes on tigers make it difficult for prey to detect them.
D: The non-poisonous king snakes have similar bands on their bodies as the
poisonous coral sakes
( )
(1) A and B only (2) C and D only
(3) A, B and C only (4) A, B, C and D
( )
20. A ball is rolled towards a girl, as shown in the diagram. In which direction does
friction act?
( )
10

21. The diagram below shows a windlass. What can be done to the machine so that the
least amount of force is required to lift the load?
A : Increase the length of W
B : Increase the diameter of X
C : Decrease the diameter of Y
D : Decrease the length of the rope Z
(1) A and B only (2) B and C only
(3) A, B and C only (4) All of the above
( )
22. Kristy hung various loads on 2 springs, X and Y. She measured the corresponding
lengths of the springs. She recorded her results and plotted them on a graph.
Based on the graph, which of the following answer is true?
(1)
(3)
Spring X has a longer original
length than Spring Y.
Spring X is made of a stronger
material than Spring Y.
(2)
(4)
Spring Y has a longer original
length than Spring X.
Spring Y always extends more
than Spring X when a load is hung
from it.
( )
11

23. The table shows how some materials have been classified based on a certain
property.
Group A
Group B
Glass
Sliver
Rubber
Copper
Wood
Gold
Fabric
Aluminium
Which one of the following are suitable headings for the two groups of objects?
Group A
Group B
(1) Non-magnetic Magnetic
(2) Transparent Opaque
(3) Electrical insulators Electrical conductors
(4) Man-made Natural
24. The diagrams show what
happens to a balance each
time two objects are
placed on it, as shown.
Each object is placed at
the same distance from
the fulcrum.
( )
Arrange the objects from the heaviest to the lightest.
(1) P, Q, S, R (2) R, S, Q, P
(3) P, Q, R, S (4) R, P, Q, S
( )
25. Which of the following correctly classifies the activities below?
(1) (2)
(3) (4)
( )
12

26. Which of the following forces were in action when Harry dragged the box.
A: Pull
B: Friction
C: Gravity
(1) A only (2) A and B only
(3) B and C only (4) A, B and C
( )
27. Which of the following make up the environment ?
A: Type of soil in the surroundings.
B: Amount of humidity in the surroundings.
C: Organisms living in the surroundings.
(1) C only (2) A and B only
(3) A and C only (4) A, B and C
( )
28. The graph shows the effect of temperature of the environment on the population of 4
different organisms.
Which organism(s) will survive better if the temperature of the environment is above
40 o C ?
(1) A only (2) D only
(3) B and D only (4) B, C and D only
( )
13

29. A group of students conducted an experiment as shown in the diagram below.
What were they trying to find out?
(1)
(3)
To find out if the amount of air
affects the mudskipper.
To find out if the amount of light
affects the survival of the
mudskipper.
(2)
(4)
To find out if the mudskipper can
live away from its natural habitat.
To find out if the amount of water
in the mud affects the survival of
the mudskipper.
( )
30. A plant was placed in a bottle with some moist garden soil as shown. The plant
survives in this enclosed environment.
Which of the following reasons explain why after 2 weeks the plant could still
survive?
A: There was sufficient air inside the bottle.
B: There was sufficient water inside the bottle.
C: The plant could carry out photosynthesis.
D: The garden soil provided food for the plant.
(1) C and D only (2) A and B only
(3) A, B and C only (4) B,C and D only
( )
14

Mock Paper A (Interactions) – Paper 2
Section B: For questions 31 to 46, write the answers in the spaces provided. (40 marks)
31. Ali conducted an experiment on a pond community over a period of 4 :months.
The results of his experiment are recorded in the table.
Amount of carbon
Size of population
dioxide in 1 litre of
water (mg)
Organism
A
Organism
B
Organism
C
Organism
D
1 72 115 216 99
10 50 87 230 75
20 32 41 249 64
30 13 24 268 37
a) What was the objective of Ali’s experiment? [1]
b)
Which organism could be water plants? Explain your answer. [2]
32. Ken set up an experiment to find out how maggots respond to their environment. The
box is divided into two parts, X and Y.
At the beginning of the experiment, he put five live maggots into Part X and three
live maggots into Part Y. The maggots can move freely between the two parts
through a small opening A.
15

Ken’s teacher felt that his set up can be improved. Suggest two ways to improve his
set-up. [2]
33. The food web below shows seven populations of organisms living in a community.
a) Based only on the food web above, fill in the blanks in the table below with the
appropriate letters, A, B, C, D, E, F and G. [2]
Type of organism
Food producer
Herbivore
Carnivore
Omnivore
Letter(s)
b) Using the following information, add in Organism X in the food web above. [1]
(i) Organism X is a carnivore.
(ii) When the population of Organism X increases, the population of Organism B
decreases.
(iii) When the population of Organism X decreases, the population of Organism C
decreases
16

34. Consider the beaks of two different birds, P and Q below.
a) Give a difference between the functions of the beaks of birds P and Q. [1]
b)
Explain how the feet of birds P and Q would help them to survive in their
environment. [1]
35. Farmer Alan found that his crops were affected by a certain pest. He begins to spray
pesticides to protect his crops.
a) Give a reason why the spraying of pesticides is not a good solution. [1]
b) Alan’s problem can be solved using biotechnology. What characteristic should the
genetically modified crop have so that they will not be destroyed? [1]
17

36. Tick the appropriate boxes to indicate if the following statements about genetic
engineering are true or false. [2]
Characteristics True False
a) It takes a longer time to produce organisms with the
desired characteristics than genetic selection
b) It is moving genes from one type of organism to
another
c) Plants that had gone through genetic engineering
are usually resistant to pests.
d) It is to select parents with the desired character
traits and breed them together to obtain young with
the desirable characteristics.
37. A shopkeeper tried to cheat his customers by do the following. He placed Object X
below the weighing scale and covered it with a piece of cloth.
a) What is Object X likely to be? [1]
b)
Explain how Object X will increase the reading of the scale. [2]
18

38. The following pie charts show the composition of animals found in a leaf litter
community and a rotting log community. [2]
Leaf litter community
Rotting log community
Tick the appropriate boxes.
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
Statement True False
The number of centipedes in both the leaf litter
community and rotting log community are the
same.
In the leaf litter community, percentage of
centipedes is lower than millipedes.
There are only 6 animal populations in the
rotting log community.
There are more types of organism in the rotting
log community than the leaf litter community.
Not
possible
to tell
19

39. The graph shows the rate of bacteria growth at different temperature.
The flow chart below shows 4 steps in the production of yogurt.
Milk
Step 1: Heat milk up to 80 o C for
15 seconds
Step 2: Cooled milk down to 40 o C.
Add bacteria.
Step 3: Keep mixture at 40 o C for
3 hours
Step 4: Bacteria changes sugar
into acid.
Milk protein forms lumps.
Yogurt
a) In the production of yogurt, why does milk need to be heated up to 80°C for 15
seconds in the first step? [1]
b)
Why is the mixture of milk and bacteria kept at 40°C for 3 hours instead of in the
refrigerator? [2]
20

40. The following pictures show the feet and beaks of Bird A and B.
a) Put a tick at the habitat that Bird A can be most likely found. [1]
Habitat
Bird A can be found
Garden
Lake
Dessert
b) Lindy said that bird B is a bird of prey. Fill in the blanks with the two structural
adaptations that allow her to make this conclusion. [2]
Structural Adaptation
Functions
41. The picture shows a “garden
in a bottle”. The bottle is
placed at a location with
plenty of sunlight. The bottle
is however sealed. It was
observed that the plants
remain alive even after a
month.
The plants are not watered and no air can enter the sealed bottle. Explain how the
plants in the bottle are able to photosynthesize. [3]
21

42. The diagram shows two flowers.
Which flower is most likely pollinated by animals? State 2 reasons for your answer.
[2]
43. Consider the following setup. An eraser rests on a ruler which is placed on a box.
The ruler is then pressed down by d cm. When the ruler was released, the eraser shot
upwards. The distance, h between the highest point reached by the eraser and the
ceiling is measured. The experiment is repeated with different values of distance d.
Draw the likely graph that shows the relationship between distance d and distance h.
[2]
Distance h (cm)
Distance d (cm)
22

44. Jim conducted an experiment with a bottle of body lotion and a paper cup as shown.
The bottle can hold a maximum of 50 g of the liquid
Before carrying out the experiment, Jim would hold the bottle upright so that all the
lotion will settle at the bottom of the bottle. He then squeezed the upper part of the
bottle with the opening facing the paper cup and no lotion spilled out. The paper cup
is observed to move across the floor. He repeated this experiment with different
amounts of body lotion in the bottle. The table shows his results.
Amount of body lotion (g) Distance moved by paper cup (cm)
40 0
30 2
20 5
10 7
a) State the relationship between the volume of air in the bottle and the distance moved
by the paper cup. [1]
b)
Explain why Jim had to make sure that all the lotion settled at the bottom of the
bottle before carrying out the experiment? [1]
23

45. Mrs Lee draped a dry cotton towel on a hanger made of material X as shown.
She then recorded the time taken for the towel to slip off the hanger.
She repeated the experiment with another hanger made of material Y.
The results were recorded in the table below.
Material of hanger
Time taken for towel to slip off (s)
X 3
Y
Did not slip off
a) What force(s) is/are acting on the towel during the experiment? [1]
b)
Compare the texture of material X and Y. [1]
c) Material X is used to make a whole bench which has a tilted surface. The side view
of the bench is shown below.
Explain why it is dangerous for children whose legs are shorter than the bench to be
sitting on material X. [1]
24

46. Ann wanted to determine how the length of a ramp affects the effort needed to pull
up a similar load to an elevated platform. The tip of the ramp was place touching the
edge of the platform. The angle of elevation is labeled r.
She repeated the experiment with two other ramps of different lengths. The graph
shows the results of her experiment.
a) What is the length of the ramp with the largest angle of elevation? [1]
b)
State one variable that should be kept constant to make this experiment a fair one. [1]
c)
Why is it easier to drive round the hill instead of driving up directly? [1]
25

Mock Paper B (Interactions) – Paper 1
Duration: 1 hr 30 min
Section A: For each question 1 to 30 four options are given. One of them is the correct
answer. Make your choice (1, 2, 3, or 4) and write the number corresponding to the correct
option in the bracket provided. (60 Marks)
1. Alan put an equal number of goldfish in two identical fish bowls, A and B. He fed
the fish with equal amount of food. After a few days, he noticed that the goldfish in
Bowl A were swimming near the water surface.
What can he conclude from this experiment?
(1) Goldfish need food to survive. (2) Goldfish need oxygen to survive.
Goldfish need plenty of sunlight to
Goldfish reproduce only at the
(3)
(4) keep themselves warm because
water surface.
they are cold-blooded.
( )
2. The picture shows some children
playing a game with two tennis
balls.
Each child rolls the tennis balls
along the floor so that they collide.
From the above activity, which
statements describe the effect of
the force on the balls?
A: The balls stop moving.
B: The shapes of the balls change.
C: The speeds of the balls change.
D: The directions of the balls
change.
(1) D only (2) A and C only
(3) C and D only (4) A, C and D only
( )
26

3. Which of the following show the effect of a force?
(1) A only (2) A and B only
(3) B and C only (4) A ,B and C
( )
4. Which of the following activities involve friction?
(1) A and D only (2) B and C only
(3) A, B and D (4) A, B, C and D
( )
27

5. Which of the following are examples of forces at work?
(1) A only (2) A and B only
(3) B and C only (4) A, B and C
( )
6. Which of the following statement(s) explained why the ping pong ball is able to
hover in midair when air is blown into the straw?
A: The warm air exhaled from the mouth heated the ping pong ball and caused it
to rise.
B: The force exerted by the moving air is able to support the weight of the ping
pong ball.
C: The gravitational force acting on the ping pong ball is greater than the push
acting on it.
(1) C only (2) B only
(3) B and C only (4) A, B and C
( )
28

7. The picture shows some organisms in an
environment.
Which of the following statements is
true?
(1)
(3)
The aphids get food from the
plant sap.
The butterfly is the predator of
the aphids.
(2)
(4)
The aphids spread diseases to the
plant.
The butterfly helps the aphids to
reproduce.
( )
8. The graph shows the change in the amount
of water in a pond over some time. Which of
the following is most likely to happen to the
aquatic animals living in that pond?
(1)
They would migrate to another
pond.
(2) They will increase in number.
(3) They would decrease in number. (4) They would adapt to the change.
( )
9. During certain parts of the year, Bird X migrates from Alaska to South America.
The main diet of Bird X is berries and small insects The graph below shows how the
number of these birds changes in Alaska over a year.
Which graph most accurately shows the number of insects in Alaska in a year?
( )
29

10. Which of the following statements shows that forest fires results in unfavorable
conditions in the environment?
(1) The remaining animals will have more food to eat.
(2) They kill predators and the number of prey increases.
(3) They kill animals and make these animals reproduce faster,
(4) They burn the plants and trees and the remaining plants are unable to survive
because of the soot.
( )
11. Jenny conducted an experiment by
putting a few flies in a container. She
provided enough water and food for
them to survive. After some time a frog
was introduced to the container. Jenny
plotted a graph to show the number of
flies in the container.
According the graph, when was the frog introduced'?
(1) A (2) B
(3) C (4) D
( )
12. Four students observed that a greater number of birds visited the field after the grass
was cut and made the following statements to explain this phenomenon.
Ali: The birds prefer eating the cut grass because it is easier to swallow.
Mary: The birds are eating the insects that have been killed during the mowing.
Muthu: The birds are able to prey on the insects which live on the field more easily
because the grass is shorter now and the insects are exposed.
Joe: After the field is mowed the earthworms are attracted to the brighter soil surface
and this is what attracted the birds.
Whose explanation is correct?
(1) Ali only (2) Muthu only
(3) Mary and Joe only (4) Joe and Muthu only
( )
13. Study the diagram of the gears carefully.
When gear A is turned clockwise, which other
gears will turn in the opposite direction?
(1) B and F only (2) B, D and F only
(3) C and E only (4) B, C, E and F only
( )
30

14. In which of diagrams of simple machines is the load more than the effort required?
(1) A, B and C only (2) A, C and E only
(3) B, D and E only (4) B, C, D and E only
( )
15. Which of the following show only a pushing force?
A: kicking a ball
B: blowing a balloon
C: sawing a wooden plank
D: sucking a drink through a straw
(1) A and B only (2) A and D only
(3) B and D only (4) C and D only
( )
31

16. A spring was hung from a stand and weights were added one at a time to it till the
spring was stretched to its limit and beyond. Which of the following graphs most
accurately show the length of the spring during the experiment?
17. Weight (g) 10 15 20 25 30
Extension (cm) 4 6 8 10 12
( )
The results of the experiment were recorded in the table above. If the spring was
originally 7cm, how long would it be when a 40g weight is added to it?
(1) 14cm (2) 16cm
(3) 21cm (4) 23cm
( )
32

18. June pushed a heavy box across 3 different surfaces, each surface was 1 metre in
length. He made sure he used the same amount of effort to push the box across each
surface. His friend recorded the time he took to push the box across each surface.
The results of his experiment are shown below.
Surface A: 30seconds
Surface B: 10 seconds
Surface C: 50 seconds
Based on the results of his experiment, which of the following conclusions is
correct?
(1) Surface A has the most friction. (2)
(3)
Surface B has more friction than
surface C.
(4)
Surface C has less friction than
surface A.
Surface B has less friction than
both A and C.
( )
19. Study the diagram. Which of the statement about
the diagram is correct?
(1)
(3)
The ball does not fall because
there is no gravity acting on it.
The ball hangs down because of
gravity acting on it.
(2)
(4)
The ball does not fall because
friction is pushing it upwards.
The ball does not fall because there
is a magnetic force between the
ball and the hoop.
( )
20. Which of the following statements about frictional force is/are correct?
A. Frictional force causes wear and tear.
B. Frictional force helps things move faster.
C. Frictional force acts in the direction that opposes motion.
(1) A and B only (2) A and C only
(3) B and C only (4) A, B, and C
( )
33

21. Carefully study the diagrams below. Objects S, T, U and V are of equal size.
Which of the four diagrams below present a possible situation?
(1) (2)
(3) (4)
( )
22. Zoey conducted an experiment in which she filled three syringes, A, B and C, with
some substances. She covered the tip of the syringe with her finger and pushed the
piston as shown in the diagram. She recorded the distance the piston could move.
A: 0.1cm
B: 0cm
C: 0.5 cm
Which of the following shows what could be the substances in the three syringes?
A B C
(1) air salt carbonated water
(2) salt carbonated water air
(3) carbonated water air salt
(4) carbonated water salt air
( )
34

Rita conducted an experiment by placing three types of animals, A, B and C, into three
tanks, X, Y and Z. Only one them is a herbivore. She also placed some water plants in
each container. She counted the number of each type of animal and plotted one graph on
the number of animals for each tank.
Carefully study her experiment and use it to answer questions 23 and 24.
23.
Which of the following correctly represents the food chain linking the animals?
(1) Plants AB C (2) Plants A CB
(3) Plants B C A (4) Plants CAB
( )
24. If Rita left Container X alone for another month without adding any more water
plants to it, what would happen?
The number of animal A will
The number of animal B will
(1)
(2)
increase.
increase
The numbers of both animals A The numbers of both animals A
(3)
(4)
and B will increase.
and B will decrease.
( )
25. Mrs Ching noticed that although her potted plant looked healthy, there were some
insects living in it. She got rid of them by spraying a large amount of pesticide on the
insects. However, after a few weeks, her plant began to wilt. Which of the following
reasons is NOT a cause of this?
(1)
(3)
The pesticide not only killed the
insects, but poisoned her plant
too.
The plant had already been
damaged by the insects.
(2)
(4)
The pesticide prevented the roots
of the plant from taking in water
for photosynthesis.
The insects were feeding on pests
that are now attacking the plant.
( )
35

26. Vicky wanted to carry out an experiment during the one week holiday to find out if
extreme weather conditions like droughts and floods affected plant growth. Which of
the following correctly shows the materials and variables she should use for her
experiment?
No. of set-ups Changed variable Measured variable
1 Amount of water No. of dropped leaves
2 Amount of sunlight No. of dropped leaves
3 Amount of water Height of plant
4 Amount of sunlight Height of plant
( )
27. The picture below shows a plot of land with some vegetables and weeds growing on
it. The farmer observed that the vegetables were unable to grow properly because of
the weeds. Which necessity of plants do the weeds and the vegetables NOT need to
compete with each other for?
(1) water (2) oxygen
(3) space (4) minerals
( )
28. Surresh conducted an experiment in which he put some fruit flies in a jar. He also put
a banana in it and covered it with a piece of wire gauze. Over the next few weeks, he
counted the fruit flies and plotted a graph as shown below.
Which of the following is most likely to have happened in weeks 3 and 4?
(1) The fruit flies reproduced (2) He removed the banana
He added another banana to the He used a chemical to remove the
(3)
(4)
jar
oxygen in the jar.
( )
36

29. Lynn set up the experiment as shown and tried to pump air into the balloon. After a
while, she realised that she could not pump any more air into the balloon. What
should she do to be able to pump more air into the balloon?
(1) Use a longer delivery tube (2) Use a more powerful pump
(3) Make a hole in the plastic bottle (4)
Put the plastic bottle in a bowl of
hot water
( )
30. Which of the following groups of animals form a community?
A: millipede, centipede, earthworm C: toad. tadpole, frog
B: caterpillar, butterfly, butterfly pupa D: guppy, swordfish , angelfish
(1) A only (2) B and D only
(3) A, C and D only (4) A, B, C and D
( )
37

Mock Paper B (Interactions) – Paper 2
Section B: For questions 31 to 46, write the answers in the spaces provided. (40 marks)
31. John set up an experiment by rolling a metal ball over two surfaces, a marble surface
and carpeted surface. The force used to roll the ball over the two surfaces was the
same. He recorded the distance traveled by the ball over each surface.
a) What is the force that moves the ball forward? [1]
b)
On which surface will the ball travel a longer distance? Explain your answer. [2]
32. Sean wanted to find out the preferred living conditions of organisms X, Y and Z. He
divided a tray into 4 sections, A, B, C and D. The diagram below shows the living
conditions in each of the four sections.
A: covered with black paper, damp B: not covered with black paper, damp
C: covered in black paper, not damp D: not covered in black paper, not damp
He put an equal number of each type of organism in the centre of the tray. After a
while, he counted the number of each type of organism at each section of the tray
and recorded his results in the table below.
A B C D
X 2 0 3 17
Y 5 15 0 2
Z 20 2 0 0
According to the results, which organism would be most badly affected if the tray is
completely covered in black paper? [2]
38

33. A ring magnet is hung from a spring.
a) When the magnet was hung from the spring, the spring was stretched to 6cm. What
is the force that is stretching the spring? [1]
b)
However, when Object X was put under the magnet, the spring was only stretched to
3cm. Why is this so? [1]
34. Four pupils, namely Amy, Belinda, Carl and Diana, conducted an experiment in
which they stretched four identical rubber bands to different lengths before releasing
them and recording the distance the rubber bands traveled on the table below.
Distance stretched (cm) Distance traveled (cm)
Amy 5 100
Belinda 10 175
Carl 12 200
Diana 8 140
a) What was the aim of the experiment? [1]
b)
What is one conclusion they could draw from the experiment? [1]
c) The teacher noticed that Diana leaned forward before releasing the rubber bands but
the other pupils did not. She told them that their experiment was not fair. Why was
their experiment not fair? [1]
39

35. Hui Ling carried out an experiment with 4 sets of simple machines. She uses them to
lift a load of 5kg as shown in the diagram.
The radius of each machine for part A and B is different. The measurements of their
radii are shown in the table below.
P Q R S
Radius of part A (cm) 15 12 15 12
Radius of part B (cm) 5 6 5 6
a) What type of simple machine did Hui Ling use? [1]
b) Hui Ling observed that she could lift the load with the least effort using machine P.
List two reasons that explain her observation. [1]
c) How much effort would she need to lift the load in Machine Q? [1]
40

36. The food web below shows a field community.
a) What will happen to the population of small birds if the population of lizards
increases? [1]
b) Explain your answer. [1]
c) How many organisms are both predator and prey? [1]
41

37. Jenny set up a wheel and axle that was designed to lift a load.
She used different sized wheels to lift a load and recorded the results in the table
below.
Wheel Effort needed (g)
A 500
B 950
C 350
D 900
a) Which wheel, A, B, C or D, is the largest? [1]
b) What two variables must be kept constant for the experiment to be fair? [1]
38. Gerald set up an experiment as shown in the diagram below. He placed the ball at the
top of the ramp and released it. He measured the distance traveled by the ball.
Types of surfaces Distance travelled by the ball (cm)
A 28
B 45
C 47.5
D 90
a) List the surfaces from the smoothest to the roughest. [1]
42

) State the force that causes the ball to stop. [1]
c)
Explain how the force in (b) causes the ball to stop. [1]
39. John wanted to find out the effect of temperature on three different organisms, P, Q,
and R. He counted the number of each type of organisms, P, Q and R, in a pond over
a period of time and plotted a line graph based on his results.
a) Which population was not negatively affected by a temperature of above 45 o C? [1]
b) Draw a conclusion on how the temperature affected the number of organism R. [1]
43

40. Jeremy accidentally spilled some iron fillings of different size into a container filled
with dry sand.
He wanted to separate the iron fillings and sand using the set up below.
He poured the mixture through a coil of steel sheet that had openings at both ends
and noted that the smaller bits of iron fillings stuck to the inner surface of the sheet
but the sand and some bigger pieces of iron fillings just flowed through into
container J.
a) Why did the smaller pieces of iron fillings get stuck on the inner side of the steel
sheet? [1]
b)
Why did the bigger pieces of iron fillings flow into container J? [1]
44

41. Tim placed a nickel block 5cm away from a bar magnet with a strong magnetic
force.
a) What would Tim observe? [1]
b)
What is the force involved in the observation made in (a). [1]
42. There are two species of bugs, X and Y, living in a garden. The farmer carried out an
experiment by putting an equal number of each type of bug on three plants. He
sprayed each plant with a different type of pesticide and recorded the number of bugs
that were killed by the pesticide on the table below.
No. of Bug X killed
No. of Bug Y killed
Plant sprayed with 100 20
pesticide A
Plant sprayed with 30 80
pesticide B
Plant sprayed with
pesticide C
75 65
a) What are two variables that must be kept constant for the experiment to be fair? [1]
b)
Assuming that the experiment is fair, which type of pesticide should the farmer use if
he wants to kill the greatest total number of bugs? [1]
c)
However, after a while the number of bugs killed by the pesticide decreased,
although the farmer continued spraying the same amount of pesticide. Why is this
so? [1]
45

43. Andrew conducted an experiment in which he counted the number each species of
organisms in a pond community over a period of time. He recorded his results in the
table below.
Amount of
carbon
dioxide in 1
litre of
water(mg)
No. of
Organism A
No. of
organism B
No. of
Organism C
No. of
Organism D
1 72 115 216 99
10 50 87 230 75
20 32 41 249 64
30 13 24 268 37
a) What was the aim of Andrew’s experiment? [1]
b)
Which organism, A, B, C or D, is a water plant? Justify your answer with reasons.
[2]
44.
a)
What is the cause of global warming? [1]
b)
Give two effects of global warming. [1]
46

45. Four pupils counted the number of two species of plants, X and Y, over a period of
time and plotted a graph to show how the number of each of these species of plants is
affected by the temperature of the environment.
The four pupils then made the following statements based on the graph.
Paul: The best temperature for X to grow in is 30 o C.
Qifa: The number of X decreases as the temperature increases.
Regina: The higher the temperature of the surroundings, the fewer the number of Y.
Susan: There is a greater number of X than Y between 25°C and 40°C.
a) Whose statement(s) is/are true? [1]
b) What conclusion can you make about how the temperature affects the number of X
and Y? [1]
47

46. Kenny conducted the following experiment on the table.
pole
Elastic band
X cm
pole
Marble ball
He pulled the elastic band backwards by 1 cm together with a marble ball. He then
released the elastic band. The elastic band will propel the marble ball forward by a
distance of X cm.
He recorded the distance moved by the marble ball. He tried extending the elastic
band by longer extensions, and then record the corresponding distance traveled by
the marble ball. The results were recorded in a table as follows.
Extension of elastic band (cm) Distance moved by marble ball (cm)
1 3.5
2 8.5
3
4 17
5 20.5
6 23.5
a) In his hurry, Ken missed out on one measurement. What do you think the missing
number should be in the table above? [1]
b) What is the relationship between extension of the elastic band and the distance
traveled by the marble ball? [1]
c) How would you increase the distance traveled by the marble ball without changing
the setup? [1]
48

Mock Paper C (Interactions) - Paper 1
Duration: 1 hr 30 min
Section A: For each question 1 to 30 four options are given. One of them is the correct
answer. Make your choice (1, 2, 3, or 4) and write the number corresponding to the correct
option in the bracket provided. (60 Marks)
1. Which of the following are possible reasons to explain why a
magnet cannot attract pieces of iron after a while?
A: It has been used too often.
B: It has been washed before being used.
C: It has been dropped very often.
D: It has been heated under a strong flame.
(1) A only (2) B and C only
(3) C and D only (4) All these above are true
( )
2. Two iron bars X and Y of the same size are hung by a thin thread and allowed to turn
freely.
End M of bar X always faces South when X stops turning and bar Y always comes to
rest with the end marked O pointing to the North.
Which of the following will happen when the bars are put close together?
(1)
(2)
(3) (4)
( )
49

3. A bar of magnet was cut into two halves as below:
Which of the following is not possible?
A) B)
C) D)
(1) A only (2) A and B only
(3) C only (4) B, C and D only
( )
4. James conducted an experiment in which he moved a magnet slowly towards an iron
nail and measured the distance between them when the magnet managed to attract
the iron nail. Then he did the same to a paper clip.
5 cm
15 cm
Setup A
Iron nail
Setup B
Paper clip
What can be concluded from this experiment?
A: Magnet force still works over a distance.
B: The iron nail and paper clip are both magnetic objects.
C: The paper clip is not attracted to magnets as well as the iron nail.
D: The magnetic attraction in Setup B is stronger than in Setup A
(1) A and D only (2) A and B only
(3) B and C only (4) A, B and D only
( )
50

5. John hung different weights from a 20-cm long piece of spring. He recorded the
extension of the spring in the table below
Weight(g) 25 50 100
Extension(cm) 6 12 24
Calculate the total length of the spring when John hangs a weight of 125 g on it.
(1) 30 cm (2) 42 cm
(3) 48 cm (4) 50 cm
( )
6. We have 4 wheels and axles, as shown in the diagram below.
(1) (2) (3) (4)
Which one of the wheel and axles that you would have to use the most effort to lift
the load?
( )
7. Which force is used to carry out the action shown in the diagram below?
(1) Friction (2) Gravity
(3) Magnetic force (4) Elastic spring force
( )
51

8. In which direction is frictional force acting on the box?
(1) A (2) B
(3) C (4) D
( )
9. Which of the following items are magnetic?
A. Aluminum foil.
B. Cooper wire.
C. Iron nail.
D. Steel paper clip.
(1) A and B only (2) C and D only
(3) A,B and D only (4) A, C and D only
( )
10. A goalkeeper blocks a ball with his hands and the ball drops onto the ground. He
then catches the ball as it is still bouncing.
Which effects of force did the goalkeeper use in the above situation?
A. Making a stationary object move.
B. Changing the speed of the moving object.
C. Changing the direction of a moving object.
D. Stopping a moving object.
(1) A, B and C only (2) B, C and D only
(3) A, C and D only (4) A, B and D only
11. Which of the following actions is not an example of a pushing force?
(1) Typing (3) Bowling
(2) Kicking a ball (4) Raising a flag
( )
( )
52

12. Alex conducted an experiment on magnetism. He placed different materials between
the magnet and the iron nail as shown in the diagram below.
Alex recorded his results in the table below.
Materials
A
B
C
D
E
Whether the iron nail attracted to the
magnet?
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
Which of the following statements best explains the results when Material E was put
between the magnet and the iron nail?
(1) E is not a magnetic material (2) E is a piece of cloth
(3) E is a piece a aluminum (4) E is a sheet of iron
( )
13. An equal number of weights is hung from 4 springs, A, B, C and D, which are of the
same length but different strength. The table below shows the length of extension of
each spring.
Which spring is the strongest?
Spring
Extension of Spring (cm)
A 10
B 9
C 8
D 6
(1) Spring A (2) Spring B
(3) Spring C (4) Spring D
( )
53

14. 4 objects of different mass, A, B, C and D, are put on a balance beam as shown in the
diagram below. However, a 5g weight is added to object C so that is of the same
mass as Object A.
Arrange the objects from the lightest to the heaviest.
(1) A, B, C, D (2) C, A, B, D
(3) A, C, B, D (4) D, A, B, C
15. Which of the following objects are not affected by gravitational force?
A. A bird flying in the sky
B. A man lying on the floor
C. A balloon rising into the sky.
(1) B only (2) A and C only
(3) A and B only (4) None of the above
( )
( )
16. The graph below shows the population of a predator and its prey living in a forest
over a few years.
Population size
Prey
Predator
Time
Which one of the statements below is most likely to be true based solely on the graph
above?
(1) The predator’s population
dropped because of deforestation
(3) The population of the prey
decreases initially, remains
constant for some time and then
starts to increase again.
(2) As the population of the predator
increases, the population of the prey
also increases
(4) The population of the prey would
continue to increase if the
population of the predator increases.
( )
54

17. Study the table of the animals found in a community.
Animal
Numbers of animals found
Tadpole 12
Dragonfly 7
Frog 3
Guppy 5
Water Snail 6
Pond Skater 3
Which one of the following conditions will least affect the animals above directly?
(1) Amount of light (2) Amount and type of water
(3) Amount of oxygen/ air present (4) Temperature of the environment
( )
18. The picture below shows the attempt of a man to turn the screw into the wooden
block with his fingers.
Which of the following simple machines were used in the whole process?
A. Lever
B. Pulley
C. Inclined plane
D. Wheel and Axle
(1) A and B only (2) C and D only
(3) A and C only (4) B and D only
( )
55

19.
Study the classification chart. They are classified according to their _________.
(1) habitat (2) movement
(3) outer body covering (4) method of breathing
( )
20. Which of the following statements correctly explain why plants scatter their seeds?
A. To obtain more oxygen
B. To reduce overcrowding
C. To produce flowers of better quality
D. To protect the fruits from hungry animals
E. To obtain sufficient sunlight and nutrients
(1) A and B only. (2) B and E only.
(3) A, B and E only. (4) A, C, D and E only.
( )
21. An equal sized hole is drilled in
each of the containers, A, B, C
and D. Each hole was plugged up
with plasticine. The containers
were then filled with water and
hung from a balance beam as
shown in the diagram.
After that, the plasticine was
removed from containers A, C
and D. When both A and C were
empty, the plasticine was replaced
on A, C and D. Which one of the following would likely to be observed assuming
that the water pressure in all the containers is the same and the water flows out at the
same rate from the holes?
(1) Container D tilted downwards (2) The containers remained balanced
Containers A, B and C tilted
Containers A, B and C moved
(3)
(4)
downwards
upwards first and the downwards.
( )
56

22. Four objects A, B, C and D are used to balance a 700g weight as shown below.
Which one of the following objects is the heaviest?
(1) (2)
(3) (4)
( )
23. The classification chart below gives a list of activities whereby friction is useful and
not useful.
X
Y
Which of the following examples below represent X and Y?
(1)
(3)
X: Brushing teeth
Y: Sharpening pencils
X: Opening a new jar of jam
Y: Pushing a cupboard across a
carpeted floor
(2)
(4)
X: Strumming a guitar
Y: Scrubbing out dirt with a brush
X: Pushing a table across the room
Y: Fling fingernails with a nail file
( )
57

24. A nail can be turned into magnet temporarily by stroking it with a magnet in the
same direction as shown below.
Monica used 4 identical nails for the experiment to find out whether the number of
strokes made by a magnet would affect the strength of the temporary magnet. She
counted the number of times she stroked each nail with a magnet. Then she tested
each magnetized nail by holding it close to some pins. She counted the number of
pins attracted to each magnetized nail. The result is presented in the graph below.
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
10 20 30 40
According the graph above, which one of the following statements is likely to be
true?
(1) A nail can become a temporary
magnet after stroking it with a
magnet 10 times
(3) The number of pins picked up by
a magnetized nail increases at a
constant rate
(2) After stroking a nail 40 times with
the magnet, it could pick up the
most number of pins
(4) The number of pins picked up by a
magnetized nail is always
dependent on the number of times
the nail was stroked with a magnet
( )
58

25. The diagram below shows two simple machines
Machine P
Machine Q
After a lesson on simple machines, some pupils commented on Machines P and Q
Which pupil made an incorrect statement?
(1) Pupil A: P changes the direction of the force.
(2) Pupil B: Q makes the effort moves a shorter distance compared to the load.
(3) Pupil C: A greater effort is needed to overcome the load when using P.
(4) Pupil D: Q allows a smaller effort to overcome a heavy load.
( )
26. The fruit of the shorea is small, light and possesses wing-like structures. It is
dispersed by __________.
(1) Wind (2) Water
(3) Animals (4) Splitting open forcefully
( )
27. The table below shows some animals and their habitats.
Habitat
P
Q
R
S
Animals
Dolphin, jellyfish, shark
Grasshopper, butterfly, spider
Earthworm, wood louse, centipede
Backswimmer, water spider, tadpole
Which one of the habitats would you most likely find the dragonfly nymph?
(1) P (2) Q
(3) R (4) S
( )
59

28. An experiment was carried out to compare the strength of 4 springs A, B, C and D. A
70g load was hung on each of the springs and after that we measured their length.
The graph below shows how the lengths of the springs changed when the load was
attached to each spring.
30
25
Length (cm)
20
15
10
5
0
A B C D
Original length of
spring
Length of spring when
weight is attached
Springs
What must be done to ensure that the experiment is a fair one?
(1)
(3)
All the springs were of the same
original length.
All the springs were made of the
same material.
(2)
(4)
The same load was used to test all
the springs.
The weight was left on the springs
for some time before measurement
was taken.
( )
29. A bottle is rolling in the direction C. To make it move faster in the same direction, a
force has to be applied from ____________
(1) A (2) B
(3) D (4) E
( )
60

30. Jordan carried out a study of the plants and animals found in the pond by counting
and recording the numbers down. The findings are presented in the classification
chart below.
Based on the chart, which of the following statements about the plants and animals
are correct?
A. There is only one community in the pond
B. Plants are found in different parts of the pond
C. There are more insects than all the other animals added together
D. There are at least six populations of plants and animals altogether
(1) A only (2) A and D only
(3) A, B and C only (4) A, B and D only
( )
61

Mock Paper C (Interactions) - Paper 2
Section B: For questions 31 to 46, write the answers in the spaces provided. (40 marks)
31. Amy conducted a study on two population of organisms A and B in a habitat. The
population size of each organism was measured and recorded in a graph as shown
below.
Organism A
Population
size
Time
Organism B
a) What is the relationship between Organism A and B? [1]
b) What will happen to the population of Organism A when the population of Organism
B dies out? [1]
c) If organism A is a hen, what can organism B be? [1]
62

32. Two ring magnets are hung from two springs and left to turn freely as shown in the
diagram below.
Identify the forces acting on the ring magnet at position A and B. [2]
a) Position A : ________________________________
________________________________
b) Position B : ________________________________
________________________________
33. The following organisms are in a community near a farm.
a) State one predator – prey relationship found in the community. [1]
b) If the population of caterpillar was destroyed by a disease, explain the effect on the
population of chickens. [1]
63

34. A boy pushed a box with the same mass two meters across a room on Monday and
Tuesday as shown below.
Will he have to apply more or less force to move the box on Tuesday compared to
Monday? Explain your answer. [2]
35. You are given a bar of magnet and 3 rectangular objects, A, B and C.
Magnet Object A Object B Object C
What are the experiments that you will need to perform to determine which of the
three objects are magnet, made of magnetic material, or made of non-magnetic
material?
64

36. An experiment is carried to compare the strength of two springs. The findings are
recorded in the graph as shown below.
80
Length of spring (cm)
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
Spring A
Spring B
0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
Mass (g)
a) Calculate the mass of the object when two springs were of the same length. [1]
b) Calculate the extension of Spring A when an object of 40 g mass was hung on it? [1]
c) What can you conclude about Spring A and Spring B from the experiment? [1]
65

37. The picture below shows 4 bar magnets that are attracted to each other when placed
in a shape as shown in the diagram below.
a) What is the pole of the magnet marked X in the diagram? [1]
b) Object A was brought near to the pole marked X and it was attracted to the magnet.
From the above observation, can we conclude that Object A is another magnet?
Explain your answer. [1]
c) Another object, B was brought close to the point X and this time round, Object B
was rejected by the point X. What can you conclude about Object B? [1]
66

38. Study the pictures below.
Fruit A
Fruit B
Identify the method of dispersal for the fruits shown above. Explain how the physical
characteristics of the fruits help them to be dispersed. [2]
Fruit A:
Dispersal method: ________________________
Reason: _________________________________
Fruit B:
Dispersal method: ________________________
Reason: _________________________________
39. Sean set up four aquariums and put different organisms into each one. There was
light in Aquarium A and B but not in Aquarium C and D. The other conditions were
similar.
Aquarium Organisms Condition
A Water snails, algae Light
B Goldfish, tubifex worms Light
C Water snails, hydrilla No light
D Guppies, duckweeds No light
a) In which aquarium will all the organisms survive the longest? Explain your answer.
[2]
b) Sean collected many water plants from the pond and placed them in Aquarium B.
However, the next morning, he observed that some of his fish died. Suggest a reason
for his observation. [1]
67

40. To move rock X, a lever is used, with force applied at one end of the iron bar.
a) What can you say about the distance moved by the effort and the distance moved by
the load? [1]
b) What is the purpose of having rock Y? [1]
c) What should the man do in order to reduce the effort used to lift rock X? [1]
68

41. An experiment was conducted using the pulley system shown in the diagram below.
The effort needed to left different loads was recorded in the following table.
Load (kg)
Effort needed (kg)
10 5.1
20 10.2
30 15.2
50 ?
a) Predict and write in the table above the effort needed to lift a 50kg load. [1]
b) State two advantage of using this pulley system. [1]
69

42. James conducted a study to find out whether the water from different ponds affects
the survival of fishes in it.
Amount of water
Type of water
Number of fish
Type of fish
Temperature of water
a) In the table above, cross (X) the variables that should be kept constant throughout the
experiment. [2]
b) James placed a potted plant in a wooden cupboard for a few days without watering it.
He put a similar potted plant under the sunlight and watered it every day. After a few
weeks, the plant in the cupboard died while the other plant exposed to sunlight grew
healthily. Based on this observation, James concluded that plants need both sunlight
and water to grow. Based on the above information, do you think this study has
conducted a fair test? Give a reason to support your answer. [1]
43. One day, Fiona was helping her
mother to put out some clothes to
dry on a bamboo pole outside
their flat. She arranged the
clothes as shown in Pole A.
However, her mother suggested
that she should rearrange the
clothes as shown in Pole B with
the heavier one inside. (Both
poles are of the same length and
weight)
Do you agree with Fiona’s mother and why? [2]
70

44. The graph below shows the changes in size of population of 3 organisms A, B and C.
a) Based on the graph above, which two organisms (A, B, C) most likely had living
conditions that were not affecting them negatively to a large extent? [1]
b) Observe the population size of organism C in the above graph. What can you
conclude about the population size of organism C for the time period indicated by X
in the graph above? Suggest a reason for your answer. [2]
Hint: Explain in terms of the birth rate and death rate of the organism.
71

45. John saw many tadpoles in a pond in his school eco-garden. He wanted to find out
which type of water, pond water or tap water, is more suitable for the tadpoles to
grow healthily. He caught the tadpoles and placed them in 2 identical containers as
shown below. He placed the containers in the same room.
Pond water
Tap water
However, his teacher told him that his experiment was not a fair test.
a) Give two reasons why his test was not a fair one. [2]
b) What should he do to ensure that his tadpoles survive to become frogs? [1]
72

46. In an experiment, 3 cages with an equal number of live fish were lowered separately
into 3 streams A, B and C. The number of live fish in the cages was counted over 6
days. The graph below shows the results.
35
30
No of fish
25
20
15
10
5
Stream A
Stream B
Stream C
0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
Days
Study the graph and use it to tell if the following statements are true , false or not
possible to tell. Put a tick on the box which you think is the correct answer. [2]
a) Stream A flowed faster than Stream C.
Statement True False
Not
possible
to tell
b) Stream A was less polluted than Stream B.
c) The number of live fish in stream C
decreased every day.
d) There was an increase in the number of live
fish in one of the stream.
73

Mock Paper D (Energy) – Paper 1
Duration: 1 hr 30 min
Section A: For each question 1 to 30 four options are given. One of them is the correct
answer. Make your choice (1, 2, 3, or 4) and write the number corresponding to the correct
option in the bracket provided. (60 Marks)
1. Jake was doing a Science assessment paper in class and mistakenly wrote “1” instead
of “2” in one of the brackets. He took hold of an eraser and erases the “1”. His
teacher saw his action and asked, “What energy conversion had Jake just
performed?”
(1) kinetic energy → sound energy (2) potential energy →sound energy
kinetic energy → heat & sound potential energy →heat & sound
(3)
(4)
energy
energy
( )
2. Electrical appliances convert electrical energy into different forms of energy such as
those shown in the table. Which appliance has the highest conversion rate of
electrical energy into useful energy?
Appliance Kinetic
energy
Sound
energy
Heat
energy
(1) Ceiling fan x x x
(2) Computer x x x
(3) Juice blender x x x
(4) Hair dryer x x x
( )
3. Timothy performs an experiment using a marble and a track as shown. He placed the
marble at position R and then let go, allowing it to roll down the track.
Which of the following describe the changes in potential and kinetic energy from
points R to T?
Potential energy Kinetic energy
(1) increases decreases
(2) increases increases
(3) decreases decreases
(4) decreases increases
( )
74

4.
A tennis ball was dropped from 1.20 m above the ground. After each time the ball hit
the ground, it bounced back to a lower height as shown in the diagram shown above.
Why did it not bounce back to its original height?
(1)
After each bounce, gravity of the
ball increases.
(2)
(3) The original height is too low. (4)
All its potential energy was
transferred to other forms of
energy.
Its potential energy was transferred
into sound energy.
( )
5.
The chart above describes the classification of energy. Which of the following
statements can be matched with the letter in the boxes?
X: Balls on free fall
Y: Gas explosion
Z: A bullet that has been fired
(1) X only (2) X and Y only
(3) Y and Z only (4) X, Y and Z
( )
75

6. A snowball rolls down a hill. The change in the ball’s energy is drawn in the graph
below.
Which line, A, B, C or D in the graph show the potential energy and kinetic energy
of the ball when it is rolling?
(1) A (2) B
(3) C (4) D
( )
7. Electricity can be transferred to other forms of effective energy by using electrical
applicants. In the table below, match the letter to the correct applicants.
M N P Q
(1) Lift DVD Player Loudhailer Camera
(2) Blender Car’s headlight MP3 Player TV
(3) Stove Reading lamp Rice cooker Video pod
(4) Food mixer Washing Radio Film projector
machine
( )
76

8. An experiment is conducted by Kate as shown below. The sizes of the golf ball and
metal ball are the same.
She put these two balls at the same height and connected them to a string. When the
balls were released and then swung, the time needed for each of the balls to come to
a stop is recorded. What is the purpose of this experiment?
(1) To determine if the mass of the ball affects the time it takes to come to a stop.
(2)
To determine if the angle of elevation affects the time it takes for each ball to
come to a stop.
(3) To determine if the metal ball is stronger than the golf ball.
(4)
To determine if the amount of gravitational energy affects the speed each ball
swings.
( )
9. Lim put two dishes of water in the dark room and draw a chart of the changes in the
amount of water in the dishes at various time.
Which of the following charts below is correct?
( )
77

10. The path of a ball kicked by a football player is shown below.
Which of the following statements best describes the movement of the ball?
(1) The speed of the ball is unchanged during the path of movement.
(2) Gravity starts to affect the ball at its highest point.
(3) Gravity has effect on the ball during its movement on the path.
(4) The ball has the minimum potential energy at its highest point.
( )
11. Mary played on the slide in a playground. She slipped down on the slide and landed
with a thud.
What is the process of energy conversations in the above case?
(1)
Gravitational potential energy -> heat energy -> kinetic energy + sound
energy
(2)
Gravitational potential energy -> kinetic energy -> sound energy + heat
energy
(3) Chemical potential energy -> sound energy -> heat energy + kinetic energy
(4) Chemical potential energy -> heat energy -> kinetic energy + sound energy
( )
78

12. The process of generating electricity in a power station is shown below. A, B, C and
D are the forms of energy used.
Which of the followings show the correct form of A, B, C and D?
A B C D
(1) Heat Kinetic Kinetic Electrical
(2) Heat Kinetic Kinetic Potential
(3) Kinetic Heat Kinetic Electrical
(4) Kinetic Heat Potential Potential
13. Where does human body get energy from?
(1) Food (2) Water
(3) Sunlight (4) Air
14. Which of the following processes takes places in plants?
A: Growing
B: Photosynthesis
C: Conversion food to energy
D: Responding to changes in the environment
(1) A and B only (2) C and D only
(3) B, C and D only (4) A, B, C and D
( )
( )
( )
15. Grass makes food from sunlight, water and carbon
dioxide. By eating grass, a rabbit obtains energy. A tiger
gets energy by eating the rabbit. What transfers energy
from the grass to the tiger?
(1) Water (2) Sun
(3) Grass (4) Rabbit
( )
79

16.
The experiment above is conducted by James. He placed a wooden block at position
A, B, C at different distances from the screen. Which of the following estimates the
length of the shadows James recorded most accurately?
Shadow at A (cm) Shadow at B (cm) Shadow at C (cm)
(1) 13 20 23
(2) 13 23 20
(3) 20 20 20
(4) 23 20 13
( )
17. Helen gave 15 g of meat, 15 g of fruits and 15 g of leaves to four different animals,
A, B, C and D. After one and a half hour, the food left was weighted and shown in
the table below.
Animal Meat Fruits Leaves
A 7 g 3 g 7 g
B 7 g 15 g 3 g
C 15 g 10 g 7 g
D 15 g 7 g 15 g
Which of the animals in the above experiment get energy from at least two sources
of food?
(1) D only (2) A and B only
(3) A, B and C only (4) A, B, C and D
( )
80

18. 2 small identical steel balls
were put in beakers X and
Y which were filled with
hot boiling water. Which of
the following statements
are correct?
A: Both metal balls
increase in size after a
while.
B: Heat from hot water is
transferred to these two balls.
C: The water in beaker X lost heat slower than the water in beaker Y.
D: Steel ball in beaker X obtained heat slower than the ball in beaker Y.
(1) A and B (2) A and C
(3) B and D (4) C and D
( )
19. 3 set of similar rings shown below are made from four different types of metals A, B,
C and D.
At 27 0 C, all the inner rings of each set are able to fit into the outer ring and still can
be pulled out with some force. The sets of rings were then heated from 27 0 C to 60 0 C
and below are some observation made at 60 0 C.
Set X: The inner ring just fit into the outer ring and can be removed out with a small
force.
Set Y: The inner ring fell out easily.
Set Z: The inner ring could not be moved out even when a great force was applied.
Based on the above statements, which metal expanded the most when heated?
(1) A (2) B
(3) C (4) D
( )
81

20. Tim caught sight of his reflection on the freezer door and quickly wiped away the
chocolate stains round his mouth. Which one of the following assumptions about the
situation is true?
A. The surface of the freezer can reflect light.
B. The freezer door must be a light colour.
C. The freezer door has a very smooth surface.
D. There is some light in the kitchen
(1) A, B and D only (2) A, C and D only
(3) B, C and D only (4) A, B, C and D
( )
21. Which of the following statement about photosynthesis and respiration is most
correct?
(1)
Plants carry out photosynthesis
when there is light but
respiration only at night
(2)
Plants carry out photosynthesis
when there is light but respiration
all the time
(3)
Plants carry out photosynthesis
only at night and respiration only
in the day
(4)
Plants carry out respiration only at
night and photosynthesis only in
the day
( )
22. People can be injured by objects thrown from high buildings. This is mainly because
of its high ___________________ as it hits the person.
(1) heat energy (2) kinetic energy
(3) chemical potential energy (4) gravitational potential energy
( )
23. Two similar lamps are tested
by a group of students. The
amount of heat and light given
out by the two lamps are
measured from sensors and
shown in the graph.
From the graph, which of the
following statements are
totally correct about Lamps X
and Y?
A: Lamp X is less efficient than Lamp Y.
B: Lamp Y will last shorter than Lamp X.
C: Lamp X is hotter than Lamp Y under the same amount of supplied electricity.
D: Lamp Y is darker than Lamp X under the same amount of supplied electricity.
(1) A and C only (2) B and C only
(3) A, B and D only (4) A, C and D only ( )
82

24. Which of the following fuels do(es) not belong to fossil fuels?
A: Electricity
B: Light
C: Petroleum
D: Natural gas
(1) A only (2) D only
(3) A and B only (4) B and C only
( )
25. Which of the following matters does not have chemical potential energy?
(1) Light (2) Food
(3) Battery (4) Gas
( )
26. Daisy stood into a swing
and then moved to and fro
as shown in the picture
below.
The change in potential
and kinetic energy is
drawn in a graph. Which
of the following graphs is
correct?
( )
83

27. An experiment with a beaker of ice cubes was conducted by a group of students. The
beaker was heated and then put on a table to cool down. The change in temperature
are observed and plotted in the chart below.
Which part(s) of the graph, AB, BC, CD, and DE gain heat during the experiment?
(1) AB only (2) DE only
(3) AB and BC only (4) AB, BC and CD only
( )
28. Energy for plants to make food is from ___________________.
(1) Carbon dioxide (2) Oxygen
(3) Water (4) Sun
( )
29. Four pupils in a P5 class states their opinions about light and heat as below.
Laura: Both light and heat can travel a long distance.
Peter: Heat can be absorbed but not light.
Michael: Light is a form of energy but not heat.
Tom: Light can be seen but not heat
Whose statement(s) is/are correct?
(1) Tom (2) Laura and Tom
(3) Michael and Tom (4) Laura, Peter and Tom
( )
84

30. The light intensity versus rate of photosynthesis is shown in the chart below.
Which of the following statements about the chart is (are) true?
A: When light intensity increases, rate of photosynthesis also increases.
B: When light intensity increases, rate of photosynthesis decreases.
C: The rate of photosynthesis is not dependent on light intensity.
D: When the light intensity approaches a certain point, the rate of photosynthesis
reduces.
(1) A and C only (2) B and C only
(3) A and D only (4) B and D only
( )
85

Mock Paper D (Energy) – Paper 2
Section B: For questions 31 to 46, write the answers in the spaces provided. (40 marks)
31. 3 containers, similar in shape and size, are made of 3 different materials, aluminum,
ceramic and plastic. Allan conducted an experiment by pouring 500 ml of hot water
into each of the containers and then recorded the temperatures at 3-minute intervals
over a period of 15 minutes.
Container
Temperature in 0 C
Start 3 min 6 min 9 min 12 min 15 min
X 75 71 67 62 57 52
Y 75 72 69 65 61 57
Z 75 73 70 67 64 61
a) From the table above, which container can preserve the most heat? [1]
b)
What material could container Z be made of? [1]
c)
Name another useful feature of the material in (b). [1]
86

32. The amount of energy per serving of each food item is illustrated in the table below.
Food category Items Energy per serving (kJ)
Cakes
Waffle cake
Rice cake
Chocolate cake
780
1028
1775
Fruits
Drinks
Banana
Apples
Grapes
Coffee without milk
Green tea
Milk
301
220
161
57
95
149
a) A factory worker chooses a chocolate cake, banana and milk for breakfast. Give a
reason for his decision. [1]
b) How is the energy converted when the worker moved a heavy package down a flight
of stairs? [1]
33. From the top of a ram A, a
ball is released. After
rolling downwards and
landing on the floor, the
ball continues to move up
ramp B. It then goes down
again and is finally
blocked by a wall, C.
Which of the following statements about the ball are true? [2]
1) The tennis ball has the most potential energy at the bottom of A.
2) The tennis ball has gravitational potential energy at the top of ramp B.
3) The tennis ball obtains potential energy when it is released.
4) When the ball moves up to ramp B, kinetic energy is converted to potential
energy.
87

34. An experiment with 3 types
of metal bars is conducted by
Jenny. Two beakers
containing the same amount
of water are connected by an
aluminum bar as shown in the
diagram.
At first, the temperature of
water in beaker X was 90 0 C
and the temperature of water in beaker Y was 20 0 C. Then Jenny recorded the time
taken for the temperature of the water in the two beakers to equalise. The experiment
was repeated with copper and steel bars. The results were shown in the table below.
Metal
Temperature at the end ( 0 C)
Time taken (min)
Beaker X Beaker Y
Aluminum 55 55 18
Copper 55 55 7
Steel 55 55 42
a) What is the purpose of the experiment? [1]
b) What conclusion can be obtained from the results of the experiment? [1]
c) In addition to the temperature of water, is there any other condition Jenny needed to
keep the same so that the results of the experiment would be correct? If yes, state
those conditions. [1]
88

35. Daniel’s torchlight was put at an angle in the diagram shown below. Then he shone it
at a rod and measured the length of the shadow on the ground.
After that, he increased the angle of the torchlight and measured the length of the
shadow for several times. The results are shown in the table below.
Angle of the torchlight ( 0 ) Length of shadow (cm)
80 10
90 0
100 ?
110 20
120 30
a) From the table above, what is the length of the shadow at the angle of 100 0 ? [1]
b) Give an example for the source of light energy. [1]
89

36.
Two identical cans above wrapped with different construction papers, black and
white, are tested in an experiment. Ben put these two cans under the sun and
recorded their temperatures using thermometers as shown. The results are recorded
in the table below.
Time (min)
Temperature ( 0 C)
Can X
Can Y
0 25 25
20 29 32
a) What is the purpose of this experiment? [1]
b)
What conclusion can be obtained from the experiment? [1]
c) From the experiment, suggest the color you would choose for your shirt if you want
to feel cooler in the summer. [1]
90

37. Jason conducted an experiment with red bean by planting five red beans under
different conditions. After four days, the observations below were obtained.
Air Water Light Temperature ( 0 C) Observation
(1) 7 No change
(2) 27 Root and shoot grew
(3) x 27 Root and shoot grew
(4) x 27 No change
(5) x 27 No change
a) What conclusions can he draw in terms of conditions for the bean to grow? [1]
b)
If 5 bean seeds are left in these conditions for 20 days, what would happen? [2]
38. The toy below was made by Zhi Ping. When the toy was turn over, pressed down and
then released, it would jump up.
a) What is the energy source of the toy? [1]
b)
What can be done to make the toy jump higher? [1]
91

39. An experiment is made by Carol to examine the photosynthesis of plant. By
changing the brightness of the light in the diagram below, she learnt the effect of the
brightness of light with the photosynthesis process.
What are the two variables needed to be measured in this experiment? State reasons
for your answers. [2]
40. Each of the aquariums contains different organisms as shown in the table below. The
light/no light condition is given. All other conditions are the same.
Aquarium Organisms Condition
A Algae, water snails light
B Guppies, duckweeds No light
C Goldfish, tubifex worms light
D Water snails, hydrilla No light
a)
Choose the aquarium in which all the organisms survive for the longest time and
explain your choice. [2]
b) Lisa put a lot of water plants collected from the pond in aquarium C. One day later,
she observed that some of the goldfish died. Give a reason for this phenomenon. [1]
92

41. There are 4 pots, each made of a different material. The same amount of wax is
placed in every pot. The pots are then heated by a bunsen flame for 3 minutes.
At the end of the 3 minutes, the amount of wax in each pot that had not melted were
removed and weighed. The weight of the wax removed from each corresponding pot
is as shown below:
Material
Weight of wax not melted
A 18
B 7
C 22
D 15
a) If you want to use these materials to make a thermo flash to keep coffee warm,
which material is the most suitable? [1]
b)
Give a reason for your answer in (a). [1]
42. Water in a beaker at room
temperature is heated until it boiled
and then left on the table to cool. The
graph shows the temperature versus
time of the water throughout the
process.
Indicate whether each of the
following statements is true, not true
or not possible to tell by putting a tick
in the correct column. [2]
Statements True Not
true
(i) The flame was turned off after 12 minutes
(ii) The room temperature is 40 0 C
(iii) Water only evaporates during period CD
(iv) The rate of evaporation is higher during
BC than CD
Not possible
to tell
93

43. Jane pulls a wagon filled with her toys up the slope as shown below.
a) As she climbs the hill, name two types of force which are acting on the wagon. [1]
b) When Jane pulls the wagon from the bottom to the top of the hill, describe how the
energy changes. [1]
c) The law of conservation of energy states “Energy cannot be created or destroyed. It
can be changed from one form to another”. With reference to this, explain how
herbivores obtain energy indirectly from the sun? [1]
44. An experiment on the change in temperature of water in two bottles is done by Lana.
The two bottles are made of different materials, A and B.
Water at 70 0 C was poured into the bottles and placed on a table. The temperatures of
the water at 15-minute intervals were measured. The results were plotted in the chart
below.
94

a) From the chart, which bottle can be cooled down faster? [1]
b)
Explain your answer above. [1]
c) Complete the chart by drawing the bars for the 75 th minute. [1]
45. Thomas is toying with a catapult and a small
stone. After pulling the rubber band back and
releasing it, the stone flew and hit a tree.
Then, it feels down to the ground with a thud.
a) What energy conversion takes place when the rubber band is released after being
pulled back? [1]
95

) What should Thomas do to make the stone move further? [1]
46. An experiment with four identical glasses is set up by Kelvin as shown below.
a) Twenty minutes into the experiment, Kelvin measured the temperature of the water
in each glass. Arrange the glasses of water from the coolest to the hottest. [1]
b) What is the aim of this experiment? [2]
96

Mock Paper E (Energy) – Paper 1
Duration: 1 hr 30 min
Section A: For each question 1 to 30 four options are given. One of them is the correct
answer. Make your choice (1, 2, 3, or 4) and write the number corresponding to the correct
option in the bracket provided. (60 Marks)
1. Choose the most accurate statement about photosynthesis and respiration.
(1)
Plants carry out photosynthesis
only at night and respiration only (2)
in the day.
the day.
(3)
Plants carry out photosynthesis
when there is light but
respiration all the time.
(4)
Plants carry out respiration only at
night and photosynthesis only in
Plants carry out photosynthesis
when there is light but respiration
only at night.
( )
2. Which of the following has/have chemical potential energy?
A. Charcoal
B. Stretched rubber band
C. Basketball
D. Noodles
(1) A only (2) A and D only
(3) A, B, C only (4) All of them
( )
3. An apple falls from Position A to Position C as
shown.
How does the energy change during the apple’s
fall?
(1)
(3)
Kinetic energy → gravitational
potential energy → sound energy (2) Chemical potential energy → heat
energy → light and sound energy
Chemical potential energy →
Gravitational potential energy →
(4)
kinetic energy → heat energy
kinetic energy → sound energy
( )
97

4. Sam tried to roll a ball down four different ramps. The ramps are different in height.
Which ramp will the ball roll the furthest?
( )
5. Kate’s teacher told her to make a garden in a bottle, but she could not believe that the
plants would survive in an enclosed environment.
What processes occurs so that the plants can survive in the bottle?
A. A continuous water cycle takes place in the bottle
B. The plants respire and transpire all the time
C. Photosynthesis takes place in the presence of light to make food for the plants
(1) A and B only (2) B and C only
(3) A and C only (4) All of the processes
( )
98

6. The exchange of gases taking place in the environment is shown below.
When does this exchange happen?
(1) Only during the day (2) Only during the night
(3) In the presence of sunlight (4) All the time
( )
7. Tom predicted that the temperature of the air varied more than the temperature in his
fish bowl. He set up the experiment near a window to test the idea.
Tom took note of the temperature of the air and the water for the next two days. The
graphs below show the results.
Which conclusion can Tom make based on the results?
The air temperature was always
(1) higher than the water
temperature.
(2)
(3)
The range of the air temperature
recorded was greater than the
water temperature.
(4)
Sunlight heated the water more
quickly than the air.
The sun was shining more brightly
on the first day than the second
day.
( )
99

8. Where does the human body get its energy from?
(1) The Sun (2) Air
(3) Water (4) Food
( )
9. Study the following concept map. Which option, (1) – (4) is correct?
N A B C
(1) Respiration Oxygen Glucose Starch
(2) Photosynthesis Carbon dioxide Sugar Starch
(3) Photosynthesis Oxygen Glucose Starch
(4) Respiration Carbon dioxide Sugar Starch
( )
10. Amy wants to show that
photosynthesis needs carbon
dioxide to take place. She intends
to carry out starch tests on some
leaves to help her in the
investigation. She uses 4 similar
plants of similar size and sets up
the experiment as shown. All setups
are exposed to the sunlight,
except Set-up A, which is placed
in the dark.
Which two of the set-ups should
she use to make a valid conclusion?
(1) C and D only (2) B and D only
(3) A and C only (4) A and B only
( )
100

11. The motion of a coconut falling from a tree is shown as below.
At which position is the gravitational potential energy of the falling coconut the
greatest?
(1) A (2) B
(3) C (4) D
( )
12. Joo Huat heated the same amount of water in
Container A and B. He recorded the rate of
evaporation. All other variables remained the
same for both set-ups during the experiment.
Which graph below correctly shows the rate of
evaporation?
(1) (2)
(3) (4)
( )
101

13. Catherine left three glass slides in three rooms, C, D, and E, of different temperatures
for an hour.
After that, they are removed and left in Room X. After another
5 minutes, she noticed that water droplets on the glass slide
from Room D, but not on the glass slides from Room C or E.
Choose the statement which best describes the temperature of
the room(s)?
(1) Room D is the coldest room (2)
(3) Room X is the warmest room (4)
Room C and E are the warmest
room
Room C, E, and X have the same
temperature
( )
14. The shadow of a stick is recorded at various times
of the day.
Which table shows data that are likely to be those
recorded?
(1)
Time Length
8.00am 1.90m
10.00am 2.55m
12.30pm 1.25m
(2)
Time Length
8.00am 1.25m
10.00am 1.90m
12.30pm 0.50m
4.00pm 0.50m
4.00pm 2.55m
(3)
Time Length
8.00am 2.55m
10.00am 1.25m
12.30pm 0.50m
(4)
Time Length
8.00am 2.55m
10.00am 1.90m
12.30pm 1.25m
4.00pm 1.90m
4.00pm 0.50m
( )
102

15.
The diagram above shows the energy conversion of two types of processes.
‘X’ represents___________________ energy.
(1) light (2) kinetic
(3) potential (4) heat
( )
16. Dave pushed a marble in the direction shown by the arrow in the diagram below and
it rolled towards the end of the path.
At which point A, B, C or D, does the marble have the greatest amount of kinetic
energy?
(1) A (2) B
(3) C (4) D
( )
17. Which one of the below graphs shows how the amount of kinetic energy an object
changes with the speed of the object?
(1) (2)
(3) (4)
( )
103

18. The concept map below shows how electrical energy is converted to other useful
forms of energy in some electrical devices. What could be A, B, C and D?
A B C D
(1) Torch Food blender Television set Kettle
(2) Food blender Television set Torch Kettle
(3) Kettle Food blender Torch Television set
(4) Television set Kettle Food blender Torch
( )
19. Mark carried out an experiment using 4 identical set-ups like the one shown below.
He placed them at 4 different places A, B, C and D.
He measured the volume of oxygen collected in the test tube in each set-up after two
days.
Place of set-up A B C D
Volume of oxygen collected (cm 3 ) 1 6 4 9
Based on the above table, which place was most favorable for photosynthesis to
occur?
(1) A (2) B
(3) C (4) D
( )
104

20. A metal rod has four similar drops of wax W, X, Y and Z attached to it.
The metal rod was heated by a flame placed below it. The drop of wax melted in this
order.
At which part of the metal rod, A, B, C or D, was the flame placed?
(1) A (2) B
(3) C (4) D
( )
21. The picture shows the shapes of the
shadow produced when different
opaque objects are placed between a
screen and a lighted torch.
In the box on the right are the
dimensions of the objects.
A circular hole, 0.5cm in diameter, was made in the centre of the square object. The
lighted torch and both objects were then placed in a straight line in front of the screen
as shown.
Which one of the following shadows should be seen on the screen?
(1) (2)
(3) (4)
( )
105

22. There are two balls, A and B, both with same mass. When Ball A was released, Ball
A will hit Ball B at point X. Both balls were then allowed to continue their motions
until they stopped.
Choose the correct statement.
Ball B gained potential energy
(1)
when it moved towards point Y.
Ball A transferred all its kinetic
(3) energy to Ball B when the two
balls first come into contact.
23. Study the following circuit diagram.
(2)
(4)
Ball B gained kinetic energy when
it moved towards point Y.
Ball A transferred all its potential
energy to Ball B when the two
balls first come into contact.
( )
Which one of the following correctly states the main energy change when the circuit
is closed?
(1)
(3)
Chemical potential energy →
Electrical energy → Kinetic
energy → Sound energy
Kinetic energy → Sound energy
→ Electrical energy → Heat
energy
(2)
(4)
Electrical energy → Chemical
potential energy → Kinetic energy
→ Sound energy
Chemical potential energy →
Electrical energy → Heat energy
→ Sound energy
( )
24. Which one of the following statements is correct?
(1)
Potential energy in fossil
originates from the Earth.
(2)
All life depends directly or
(3) indirectly on the Sun’s light (4)
energy only.
All energy on earth is created by
the Sun.
Solar energy only refers to light
energy from the Sun.
( )
106

25. Kent classified the energy that the following underlined objects possess into 3
groups, A, B, C. Each group has two objects.
Bowl of rice
Bottle of kerosene
Stretched rubber band
Rolling ball
Water in a river
Compressed spring
Which one of the following correctly represents the heading for groups A, B and C?
(1)
A B C
Gravitational
Potential Energy
Chemical Potential
Energy
Elastic Potential
Energy
(2) Kinetic Energy Sound Energy Potential Energy
(3) Sound Energy Heat Energy Kinetic Energy
(4) Kinetic Energy
Chemical Potential
Energy
Elastic Potential
Energy
( )
26. Lola made a toy with 2 cards, a rubber band and sticky tapes as shown below.
She spread the toy and pressed it down on the table. Then she let go of her finger to
release the toy. The toy jumped with a snap.
Lola made the following comments A, B and C.
A. Source of energy is the rubber band.
B. The height the toy jumps can be increased by adding one more rubber band to
the toy.
C. When the toy is released, it possesses kinetic energy, sound energy and
potential energy.
Which of the comments are correct?
(1) A and B only (2) B and C only
(3) A and C only (4) All of the comments
( )
107

27. Which one of the following correctly states the energy involved when an electric
shaver is being used?
Useful energy
Energy which is not useful
(1) Electrical Energy, Sound Energy Kinetic Energy
(2) Electrical Energy, Kinetic Energy Sound Energy
(3) Kinetic Energy, Heat Energy Sound Energy
(4) Kinetic Energy, Sound Energy Heat Energy
( )
28. Study the diagram below carefully.
The ______________________ and causes the stopper to pop out.
(1) bottle contracts upon heating (2) bottle expands upon heating
air in the bottle contracts upon air in the bottle expands upon
(3)
(4)
heating
heating
( )
29. There is a wooden pole in the middle of a square board as shown.
Which of the bulbs need to be switched on at the same time so that the shadows of
the pole appear as shown above?
(1) A and B only (2) A and C only
(3) B and C only (4) B and D only
( )
108

30. The time and temperature of pure water are recorded when it is heated. The table
below shows the measurements.
Time (minutes) Temperature ( o C)
5 30
10 50
15 70
20 90
25 ?
What is the temperature of pure water at the 25 th minute?
(1) 90 o C (2) 100 o C
(3) 110 o C (4) 120 o C
( )
109

Mock Paper E (Energy) – Paper 2
Section B: For questions 31 to 46, write the answers in the spaces provided. (40 marks)
31. The diagram below shows the motion of a ping-pong ball when it bounces.
a) At which point does the ping-pong ball have the most kinetic energy? [1]
b) At which point does the ball have the greatest amount of gravitational potential
energy? Why? [1]
32. John was engaged in the following activities:
A game of rugby
A leisure walk home
A peaceful sleep
a) During which of the above activities, would he most likely to have the: [1]
(b) Fastest heart beat
(ii) Slowest heart beat
b)
Explain your answer in (a) Part (ii). [2]
110

33. A basketball was dropped from a table. The diagram below shows the path of the ball
as dotted lines.
Tim repeated the experiment three times and recorded the re-bounced height of the
ball at A, B, C and D in the table below.
Number of tries
Maximum height (cm) at
B C D
1 st 60 45 31
2 nd 59 45 30
3 rd 61 44 30
Average height 60 45 30
a) At which point, A, B, C or D, did the ball have the least amount of potential energy?
[1]
b) Explain why the ball bounces with decreasing heights.[1]
c) Why did Tim conduct the experiment three times? [1]
111

34. The process of photosynthesis and respiration in plants is illustrated in the diagram
below.
Replace (a), (b), (c) and (d) with the words that fit best the situation. [2]
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
35.
a)
The picture shows water flowing out from a tap.
Fill in the blanks in the boxes to show how energy of the water converts from point
A to point B.[1]
112

) Fill the blanks with suitable word(s). [2]
In an alarm clock, the ________________________________________ energy of
the batteries is converted to ______________________ energy. This energy is then
converted to other forms of energy like ______________________, light and
_________________________ energy which are useful for the alarm clock to work.
36.
Emma set up the following experiment as shown below
She observed the plants for 30 minutes
and recorded the volume of oxygen.
The graph shows her observation.
a)
What process does the plant carry out
during the experiment? [1]
b) Based on the above graph, what is the relationship between the volume of oxygen
collected and the temperature of the water? [2]
113

37. Tony wants to compare the speed of water running out from four taps using water
wheels. The diagram below shows the experiments and some information.
a) Which two of the taps can be used to make a fair comparison? Explain your answer.
[1]
b)
What energy does the spinning water wheel possess? [1]
c)
What should Tony observe to find out which tap the water flows fastest? [1]
114

38. Patrick set up the experiment as shown below. The temperature of water is measured
just before the circuit closes and then every five minutes for fifteen minutes.
a) What would Patrick observe at the end of fifteen minutes? [1]
b)
Identify the energy conversions taking place in the experiment.[1]
c)
Patrick wants to increase the temperature of water for the same period of time in the
above set-up. Suggest two ways for him to do so. [2]
115

39. Kevin carried out an experiment to find out the best material for making a heating
coil.
He measured the change in temperature over ten minutes using four different types
of heating coil. The results he obtained are in the table below.
At the start of the experiment the water’s temperature was 30 o C.
Material of Temperature ( o C)
heating coil 0 minute 10 minutes
A 30 65
B 30 33
C 30 45
D 30 80
a) Based on the above table, which material is best suited to be used as a heating coil in
a water heater? [1]
b)
Explain your answer to (a). [1]
c) Identify the main energy conversions that take place in the experiment. [1]
116

40. Elvin carried out an experiment. He heated Substance X and recorded the changes in
temperature in the graph below.
a) At what temperature does Substance X melt? [1]
b)
How long was the melting process? [1]
c)
What is the difference in temperature between the boiling and melting points? [1]
41. James designed and built a periscope as shown below. He placed 3 mirrors inside the
periscope so that he could see an object.
In the diagram, draw the followings.
a) Positions of the 3 mirrors. [1]
b) Arrows to show the path of light, so that the object can be seen. [1]
117

42. How a pile driver works is shown in the diagram below (not drawn to scale).
a) What energy did the ram possess before it was released (Stage A)? [1]
b) What energy did the ram posses when it was falling (Stage B)? [1]
Stage A
Stage B
c) What must be done to the ram to increase the type of energy mentioned in part (b)?
[1]
43. Matthew designed a toy as shown.
He pushed a metal ball from point X at the top of the wooden stand and the ball
dropped, landing on one end of the wooden plank. This caused the other end of the
plank to move up, sending the wooden disc flying. However, the wooden disc did not
hit the drum.
118

a) Without making any changes to the drum and the drum stand, what could be done so
that the drum would be hit by the wooden disc and produce a “dome” sound? [1]
b) Explain your answer in (a). [2]
44. A weightlifter is lifting weights as shown below. There are five stages in lifting, A,
B, C, D and E.
Identify the main energy conversions taking place from Stage C to Stage E. [2]
119

45. In an empty car, the air-conditioner was turned on to the maximum. After a while,
the temperature of the air in the car was measured.
a) Which side of the window would you find droplets of water? Draw the droplets of
water on the enlarged view of the window. [1]
b)
Explain clearly how droplets of water on the window were formed. [1]
120

46. Jessie made a toy as shown below.
The toy moved when Jessie twisted the rubber band and released the toy on the floor.
a) Jessie was given three objects: matchbox, plasticine and rubber band. Which object
should she use to add on to the toy so that it would move further? [1]
b)
Explain your answer for part (a). [1]
c) State the main energy conversions that take place when the rubber band is twisted
and the toy is just released? [1]
121

Mock Paper F (Energy) – Paper 1
Duration: 1 hr 30 min
Section A: For each question 1 to 30 four options are given. One of them is the correct
answer. Make your choice (1, 2, 3, or 4) and write the number corresponding to the correct
option in the bracket provided. (60 Marks)
1. One of the following graphs shows the relationship between the mass of an object
and gravitational potential energy of that object. Given the height of the object from
the ground is the same, which one is the correct graph?
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
( )
2. Study the experiment shown as the diagram below.
Bubbles appear at the mouth of the glass tubing in the beaker of water when the flask
is warmed. This is because _____________________________.
(1) the water in the beaker contracts (2) the air in the flask expands
(3) the air in the beaker expands (4) the water in the beaker expands
( )
122

3. A spiral of paper is hung on a stand, and a burning candle is placed under it.
After a while, the spiral of paper began to spin. What are the energy conversions
taking place?
(1)
Electrical energy of flame →
Kinetic energy of air particles →
Kinetic energy of spiral
(2)
Heat energy of candle → Kinetic
energy of flame → gravitational
potential energy of spiral
(3)
4. Study the diagram.
Chemical potential energy of
wax → heat energy of flame →
kinetic energy of air particles
(4)
Heat energy of lame → Heat
energy of air → Kinetic energy of
air particles
( )
Which pairs of arrows show the correct reflection of light by the mirror?
(1) A and C only (2) A and D only
(3) B and C only (4) B and D only
( )
123

5. Amy shines a torch on three objects: a piece of frosted glass, a netball and a glass
prism. Which one of the following images will Amy see on the screen?
(1) (2)
(3) (4)
6. In the diagram below, the energy conversions due to different activities are
represented by arrows A, B and C.
( )
Which of the following activities cause the energy conversions?
A B C
(1)
Switching on toy
Generator generating
Switching on a turbine
robot
electricity
(2) Switching on toy car Striking a matchstick Switching on a toaster
(3)
Rubbing a bottle cap Switching on a hair
on the floor
dryer
Switching on an oven
(4)
Rubbing 2 stones Generator generating
together
electricity
Switching on an iron
( )
124

7. Alice returned home one evening in her dad’s car. As she got out of the car, she
“saw” the moon on the car’s bonnet. Which one of the following assumptions about
the situation is correct?
A: The surface of the bonnet has a matted finish.
B: The bonnet must be a light colour.
C: The bonnet has a very smooth surface.
D: The headlight in the car was turned on.
(1) A, B and D only (2) B and C only
(3) C only (4) A, B, C and D
( )
8. Ken wanted to create a shadow on a white screen using the set-up below.
Which of the following conditions are required in order to form a shadow on the
screen?
A. The substance must not allow all light to pass through it.
B. The substance in the container must be a solid.
C. The container must be placed upright.
D. A light source must be present.
(1) B and C (2) A, C and D
(3) A and D (4) A, B, C and D
( )
125

9. There is a suspended pendulum swinging from point
A to point B as shown in the diagram.
One of the following graphs correctly shows how the
kinetic energy (dotted lines) and potential energy of
the pendulum change from point A to point B.
Which one is it?
( )
10. Jenny poured some boiling hot water into a nice glass her dad brought
home from his office party. To her surprise, the glass cracked. She
concluded the following.
A: Glass is a very brittle material
B: Glass is a poor conductor of heat.
C: The cracking is due to different expansion of glass at different
temperature.
D: Glass is not good for hold liquid, even though it is widely used.
(1) A, B and C only (2) C only
(3) A and B only (4) D only
( )
126

11. A piece of wax at room temperature was warmed slowly in an evaporating dish. Its
temperature was measured at regular intervals and shown in the graph below.
Which one of the statements correctly describes the temperature?
(1) T is the boiling point of the wax. (2) T is the room temperature.
(3)
T is temperature at which all the
wax change from the solid state
to the liquid state.
(4)
T is the temperature at which all
the wax change from the gaseous
state to the liquid state.
( )
12. The diagram below shows how to generate electricity by using tide water.
Which form(s) of energy does tide water have so that electricity can be generated?
A. Kinetic energy
B. Sound energy
C. Potential energy
D. Heat energy
(1) C only (2) A only
(3) A and D only (4) A, B, and D
( )
127

13. The below table shows the relationship between the number of the times the key of a
wound-up spring of a toy is turned and distance it travels.
Number of turns of key 2 4 6 8
Distance travelled (cm) 10 21 29 42
Which one of the following conclusions can be drawn from the table?
(1)
(3)
The greater the number of turns
of key, the lesser the potential
energy it has.
The greater the distance travelled
by the toy car, the lesser the
number of turns of key.
(2)
(4)
The greater the number of turns of
key, the greater the potential
energy it has.
The greater the distance travelled
by the toy car, the greater the
number of turns of key.
( )
14. Which of the following statement(s) about fuel is/are not true?
A. They can be in solid, liquid or gaseous state.
B. They are sources of potential energy.
C. They are the only source of energy for generating electricity.
D. They only come from organisms that are once alive.
(1) A and D only (2) C and D only
(3) A, B and D only (4) A, C and D only
( )
15. One of the following objects has the same energy conversion as a portable VCD
player when it is used to play a movie. Which one is it?
(1) Cuckoo Clock (2) Computer harddisk
(3) Siren of police car (4) Oven
( )
128

16. There are a marble A at the bottom of a bowl and a marble B on the rim of the bowl
as shown in the diagram below.
When marble B was released, it rolled down the bowl and hit marble A. Marble A
then moved up the other side of the bowl.
Which one of the following statements is true about marble A and B from the
instance marble B was released till marble A moved up the side of the bowl.
(1)
(3)
Marble A possesses potential
energy when it is at bottom of
the bowl.
Marble B loses kinetic energy
when it moves towards marble
A.
(2)
(4)
Marble B will have more energy
when it hits marble A.
Marble B’s kinetic energy will be
converted to heat energy, sound
energy and transferred to marble A
when it hit marble A.
( )
17. When a digital camera is used to take a photograph, which forms of energy are
involved?
A. Sound Energy
B. Electrical Energy
C. Light Energy
D. Kinetic Energy
E. Potential Energy
(1) A, C and D only (2) A, B, and D only
(3) A, B, C and E only (4) A, B, C, D and E
( )
18. When in use, which of the following appliances will convert electrical energy to
kinetic energy and heat energy only as useful forms of energy?
A. Blender
B. Toaster
C. Iron
D. Hair dryer
(1) A, B and C only (2) B, C and D only
(3) A, B and D only (4) A, B, C and D
( )
129

19. The following table shows some objects that have been classified according to the
form of energy they mainly have.
- a rolling ball
- a spinning windmill
A B C
- a book on top of a shelf
- a roller coaster car at
the top of a loop
Which one of the following objects could be placed under group B
- a ringing bell
- a piano being played
(1) a bouncing ball (2) an oven in use
(3) a bus moving on the road (4) a whistle being blown
( )
20. Albert used a catapult and a pebble to shoot at a fruit on a tree. The scene is shown in
the diagram below.
Which one of the following correctly shows the energy change that took place when
he used the catapult?
(1)
(3)
kinetic energy + sound energy
(catapult) → kinetic energy +
gravitational potential energy
(pebble)
elastic potential energy (boy’s
hand) → kinetic energy
(catapult) → gravitational
potential energy + sound energy
(pebble)
(2)
(4)
gravitational potential energy +
sound energy (catapult) → kinetic
energy (pebble)
kinetic energy (boy’s hand) →
elastic potential energy (catapult)
→ kinetic energy (pebble)
( )
21. Which one of the following groups shows some of renewable sources of energy
only?
(1) wind, waterfall and sun (2) vapour, cooking oil and sun
(3) petrol, steam and air (4) Rice, kerosene and waterfall
( )
130

22. When we hit a nail with a hammer, which is the correct energy conversion taking
place?
(1)
(3)
kinetic energy → potential
energy → heat + sound energy
potential energy → kinetic
energy → kinetic + heat + sound
energy
(2)
(4)
potential energy → heat energy +
sound energy
potential energy → electrical
energy → heat + light energy
( )
23. An object X is placed in front of a torch to cast a shadow on the screen as shown
below.
When object X is at position A, the size of the shadow cast on the screen is 15cm.
Which one of the following correctly shows the size of the shadow cast on the screen
when object X is placed to positions B, C and D.
Size of shadow (cm)
B C D
(1) 17 15 13
(2) 11 13 15
(3) 17 19 21
(4) 13 11 9
24. A company wants to make
reflective strips to be pasted
on bicycles so that cyclist can
ride safely at night. A test was
conducted by the company to
find out which is the most
suitable material to make the
reflective strips. The result of
the test is shown in the graph.
( )
Which one of the materials,
A, B, C, D, should the company choose to make reflective strips?
(1) A (2) B
(3) C (4) D ( )
131

25. Eugene conducted two experiments with some non reflective materials A, B, C and
D as shown below.
Results from Set-up 1
Results from Set-up 2
Material
A
B
C
D
Image seen on the screen
Very bright patch of light
Bright patch of light
Vague patch of light
Dark patch
What conclusion can be drawn from the above results?
(1)
(3)
The darker the image, the more
heat the material retains.
All the materials are good
conductors of heat.
(2)
(4)
Materials that are transparent are
usually good conductors of heat.
There is no relationship between
the two sets of data.
( )
26. John pushed a ball from a table onto the ground as shown below.
He observed that with each bounce, the ball’s height decreased. He checked with his
friends and was given the following explanations.
A. John did not use enough force to push the ball.
B. Gravity was pulling the ball down and hence lost its energy.
C. Some of its kinetic energy was converted to sound and heat energy.
D. The energy of the ball was used up.
Which is/are the correct explanation(s)?
(1) C only (2) A and B only
(3) B and D only (4) A, B, and D only
( )
132

For Question 27 and 28, use the below information.
Kent found out that light travels only in a straight line. He set up 3 sets of equipment A, B
and C as shown below to test out his findings. He looked through the holes from X as
shown by the arrows.
27. Which of the set-up(s) would Kent not be able to see the light from the candle?
(1) A only (2) B only
(3) B and C only (4) A and C only
( )
28. Kent also learnt that reflection bends light and white surfaces reflect light best.
Which of the set-up(s) would he most likely to see only reflected light from the
candle?
(1) A only (2) C only
(3) B and C only (4) A and B only
( )
133

29. An experiment was conducted to find out the effect of the Sun’s heat on cups of
various colours. There were four cups made of the same type of paper but of
different colours. They were left in a sunny place for 4 hours. The graph below
shows the temperature in each cup at different times.
Which colour is best suited for making a solar heater?
(1) Green (2) Yellow
(3) Red (4) Black
( )
30. A hydroelectric power station is shown as the diagram below.
Choose the correct forms of energy at the different stages, X, Y and Z.
Forms of energy at the different stages
X Y Z
(1) Potential Energy Kinetic Energy Potential Energy
(2) Potential Energy Electrical Energy Electrical Energy
(3) Potential Energy Kinetic Energy Electrical Energy
(4) Kinetic Energy Kinetic Energy Electrical Energy
( )
134

Mock Paper F (Energy) – Paper 2
Section B: For questions 31 to 46, write the answers in the spaces provided. (40 marks)
31. Albert designed a “spring wound-up” talking robot. He decided to test his robot by
carrying out an activity. His results are shown as below.
Number of winds 5 10 15 20 25 30
Distance travelled (cm) 3 7 10 14 17 21
a) What is the relationship between the distance travelled and the number of turns? [1]
b)
Where is the energy stored in Albert’s toy? [1]
c) Identify the energy conversions when the robot was all wound-up and released. [1]
32. Andy took a few ice cubes from the
freezer and put them into a beaker.
The temperature of the contents of the
beaker was recorded every 10
minutes and the graph shows the
results.
During the time period X and Z, the
temperature remained constant.
Explain why the temperatures did not change at X and Z. [2]
a) At X:
b) At Z:
135

33. A glass tube with a small ball
placed at one end is shown in
the diagram below. When the
ball is released, it rolls to the
other end of the tube before
rolling back downwards.
a) At which point (A, B or C) will the ball reach before it rolls down to the bottom
again? [1]
b)
Without adding anything to the set-up, state one change that can be made to ensure
the ball rolls higher before rolling back downwards when it is released. [1]
34. Thomas set up an experiment as shown.
He wrapped a piece of ice in a piece of wire gauze to
make it sink to the bottom of the test tube which is
filled with water. Then he heated the water surface
till it boils.
After a while, he noticed that the water at the surface
was boiling but the ice did not melt quickly.
a) What was he trying to find out in this experiment? [1]
b) He conducted a 2 nd experiment and
attached a piece of wire to the wire
gauze as shown.
He found that the ice melted very
quickly this time. Explain why he made
such an observation in his 2 nd
experiment. [2]
136

35. Bruce wanted to find out which type of paint A, B, C and D reflects the most light.
He painted 4 similar pieces of wood with same colour but of different type of paints.
The set-up that he used for his experiment, without the position of the light sensor is
shown below.
a) At which position, W, X, Y or Z, should Bruce place the light sensor to measure the
light reflected by the paint? [1]
b)
Explain why Bruce needs to perform his experiment in a dark room. [2]
After Bruce had repeated his experiment with 4 paints, the data collected are
shown below.
Type of paint
Amount of reflected light (lux)
A 20
B 45
C 100
D 50
c)
Explain why paint A would be a bad choice for painting signboard to guide driver to
drive safely in the night? [1]
137

36. A solar-powered model car is shown below.
a) Explain how the car gets its energy to move. [1]
b)
The car was modified by replacing the solar panel with a larger one. Explain why the
modified car could move faster than the original car. [1]
c)
To conduct an experiment to compare the speed between the original car and the
modified car, identify one variable that should be kept constant. [1]
138

37. Emmy placed a ball between a torchlight
and a screen and observed a shadow on the
screen.
a) She noticed that the shadow was very light. State one possible reason of this
observation. [1]
b) What can be done to increase the size of the shadow? [1]
38. Kate pushed a ball off a ramp so that it rolled down the ramp as shown below.
Using the key given, draw the graphs of the change in the amount of potential energy
and kinetic energy of the ball as it rolled down the ramp. [2]
139

39. The diagram shows the circular track of a spin ride at a
theme park
.
At position A, once the person is securely fastened, a
huge force is applied to the carriage. The ride will take
the person for a spin and would not stop until a round is
completed on the circular track.
a) At which position, A, B, C or D, will there be least kinetic energy? [1]
b)
Make a comparison of the potential energy and kinetic energy at point B and E. [2]
40. Study the diagram below.
a) How can you tell that a force is acting on the swing along its path? [1]
b) Identify the energy conversion of the swing from Position X to Z.
140

41. A newly designed roller coaster track at a theme park is shown below.
a) At Position A, the car’s engine was switched off. At P, what form of energy must the
roller coaster car possess before it could move from A to B? [1]
b)
Why did the roller coaster car come to a stop eventually? [1]
c) The manager of the theme park told the designer that there is a problem with the
roller coaster track. The roller coaster car always stops before the designated position
B. Without compromising on the track design, draw another track in the space below
so that the roller coaster car will stop at the designated position B.
141

42. An electric circuit is shown below.
In the table, fill in the energy change(s) when the different switches are closed. [2]
Switches closed
D only
C and D only
Energy change(s)
Potential energy → Electrical energy → Light energy
Potential energy → Electrical energy → Light energy +
Sound energy
a) B, C and D only
b) A, B, C and D
43. A ping pong ball is released from Position A. It fell through
Position B, C and D before hitting the concrete surface.
a) At which position is the kinetic energy of the ping pong ball the greatest? [1]
b)
At which position is the potential energy of the ping pong ball the greatest? [1]
142

44. Study the diagram below carefully.
a) What will happen when you pull the handle in the direction of the arrow and then
release? [1]
b) Identify the energy conversions when the handle is pulled back and released. [1]
143

45. Identify the energy conversions taking place in each situation below. [3]
a) During photosynthesis:
b) A lighted matchstick:
c) A handphone being used:
144

46. An experiment on evaporation was carried out. A container was filled with 500ml of
water and placed under a tree.
The amount of water left in the container was checked every two hours and the
results are recorded in the below table.
Light intensity (lux)
Amount of water left (ml)
200 475
400 450
600 350
800 275
1000 250
a) Based on the table, draw a line graph. [1]
b) What is the relationship between the light intensity and the amount of water left in
the container? [1]
145

Suggested Answers
Mock Paper A (Interactions)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
3 4 3 3 2 3 3 2 4 3 2 4 1 3 1
16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
3 2 2 2 1 2 2 3 3 3 4 4 3 4 3
31 a: The objective was to find out how the different amount of carbon dioxide affects
the size of population of each type of organism in a pond community.
b: Plants need carbon dioxide to photosynthesize. When the amount of carbon
dioxide in the pond increases, the population of organism C increases as it can make
food.
32 He should put the same number of maggots in both parts. Instead of silica gel, he
should put moist cotton wool in both parts.
33 a: A and G, B and F, E and C, D
b:
34 a: P uses its beak to scoop out fishes
from river while Q uses its beak to tear
the flesh of small animals such as
rabbits and snakes.
b: P lives in a pond so it has webbed
feet for paddling around in water. Q
has talons or sharp claws to grip its
prey tightly.
35 a: It might affect the health of crops 36 a: false, b: true, c: true, d: false
badly.
b: Pest-resistance
37 a: A magnet
38 a: Not, b: true, c: false, d: false
b: The magnet will attract the steel
plate by pulling it down, so that the
weight will be more.
39 a: It is to kill all the bacteria present in the milk.
b: Bacteria grows faster when kept at about 40 o C and so the milk can change into
yogurt in a shorter period of time as compared to when it is placed in the refrigerator
with temperature of about 5 o C.
40 a: Lake
b: Sharp beak It is used to tear its prey into smaller pieces
Sharp claw To catch prey
41 Firstly, the plant is able to get its water from the moist soil which will not dry up
because the water vapour in the air will condense on the cooler surface of the clear
glass bottle and turn into water droplets Secondly, the plant is able to get its carbon
dioxide from the earthworms sand snail when they respire or decompose. Thirdly, it
has plenty of sunlight so it can photosynthesize.
42 Flower B has large colourful petals to attract animals to go to it. The stigma is big
for a pollinating agent to reach in to get nectar and in the process getting off pollen
grains on bodies from the previous flower and pollinating the flower.
146

43 44 a: The more the volume of air in the
bottle, the further the distance moved
by the paper cup.
b: He wants to let air occupy space at
the top of the bottle so that only air
will be squeezed out.
45 a: gravity and friction.
b: X has a smoother texture than Y.
c: They might slip because there is
less friction between the bench and
the children's cloth.
46 a: 5m
b: The material of the surface of the
ramp.
c: The circular path is not as steep
compared to the direct path from G to
H. Using the circular path, the car has
to travel a longer distance hence effort
is reduced.
Mock Paper B (Interactions)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
2 3 4 4 3 2 1 3 4 4 2 2 2 3 1
16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
3 4 4 3 2 2 4 4 4 2 1 2 2 3 3
31 a: It is a pushing force.
b: The ball will travel a longer distance on the marble floor because there is less
friction between the marble surface and the ball than the friction between the rough
carpeted surface and the ball.
32 Organism X will be most badly affected.
33 a: The force is gravitational force.
b: It is because object X is a magnet and the magnetic force that it exerts to repel the
ring magnet overcomes the gravitational force so the spring is only stretched to 3cm.
34 a: It was to find out how the distance stretched by the rubber band affected the
distance traveled by the rubber band.
b: The longer the distance they stretched the rubber band, the further the distance
traveled by the rubber band.
c: It is not fair because Diana leaned forward so the rubber band that she stretched
started from a different point from the others and as a fair test should only have one
changed variable, the test was not fair.
35 a: Wheel and axle
b: The radius of A for machine P is three times bigger than the radius of B.
The effort is applied at A which has a bigger radius than B
c: 2.5kg
36 a: The population of small birds will decrease.
b: As the lizard and the small bird have similar food sources, if the population of
lizards increase, the lizards will start to eat more of the caterpillars and slugs so the
small birds will have less food.
c: 5 organisms, namely the spider, lizard, small bird, large bird and snakes, are both
predator and prey.
147

37 a: The largest wheel is C.
b: The mass of the load and the diameter of the axle must be kept constant.
38 a: D, C, B, A
b: The force is frictional force.
c: The force opposes movement and creates friction between the ball and the surface
hence the ball stops.
39 a: Organisms P and Q were not negatively affected.
b: The number of organism R increased with the temperature until about 35 o C, then
it decreased although the temperature increased.
40 a: The steel sheet became an electromagnet since iron filings are magnetic; they were
attracted to the steel sheet.
b: The magnetic force is not strong enough to overcome the gravity that is acting on
the iron filings.
41 a: The nickel block would move towards the magnet.
b: Magnetic force
42 a: The amount of pesticide sprayed on each plant and the size of the plant must be
kept constant.
b: He should use Pesticide C.
c: It is because the bugs have adapted to the pesticide and are immune to it so the
pesticide lost its effectiveness.
43 a:It was to find out how the amount of carbon dioxide in the water affected the
number of organisms living in the water.
b: Organism C is a water plant because there is the greatest number of Organism C
and in most food webs, there is the largest amount of food producers or plants, so
that the consumers can eat enough of the plants to get a sufficient amount of energy
to carry out their activities.
44 a: Deforestation and large scale burning of fossil fuels pour carbon dioxide (CO2)
into the air, which traps heat from the sun in Earth’s atmosphere, causing the earth to
heat up.
b: Prolonged flooding/Increase in food prices/ Environmental refugees/animals
migrate to more favorable living conditions/diseases spread more easily etc.
45 a: Paul and Regina
b: The number of X increases with the temperature until about 30 o C, then it
decreases although the temperature increases. The higher the temperature, the fewer
the number of Y.
46 a: 13 cm
b: The longer the extension of the elastic band, the further the marble ball travels.
c: Reduce the friction of the table surface by brushing some oil on the table.
148

Mock Paper C(Interactions)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
3 1/2 3 4 4 3 1 1 2 2 4 4 4 2 3
16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
3 1 2 3 2 1 2 3 1 2 1 4 1 2 4
31 a: It is a predator-prey relationship where organism A preys on Organism B.
b: The population of Organism A will decrease and eventually die out.
c: Organism B could be a worm.
32 a: Gravitational force acts downwards on A while elastic spring force acts upwards
on A.
b: Three forces; gravitational force pulling B downwards, elastic spring acting
upwards if the spring is elongated or downwards if it is compressed and finally
magnetic repulsion force acting upwards due to the like poles of the magnets facing
each other.
33 a: The chicken is preyed on by the eagle/ The caterpillar is preyed on by the
chicken/The rabbit is preyed on by the eagle.
b: The population of chickens would decrease as it would have one less food source
and thus would not have enough to eat.
34 He would have to apply less force on Monday. He pushed the box on a wet surface
so the water acts as a lubricant and reduced friction.
35 Put the magnet on both sides of each of the objects and observe what happens to the
object. If the object is attracted to the magnet on both sides, it is made of magnetic
material. If the object is attracted to the magnet on one side but repels the magnet on
the other side it is a magnet. If the object remains the same and is neither attracted or
repelled by the magnet, it is made of non-magnetic material.
36 a: The object was 20g
b: The extension of the spring was 40cm
c: Spring B stronger than spring A
37 a: South Pole
b: No. We can only conclude that object A is magnet if it is able to repel the bar
magnet.
c: It is a magnet because it can repel the magnet.
38 Fruit A: By Animals. It has hooks to cling onto animal’s fur.
Fruit B: By wind. It has wing-like structure to enable it to catch currents and float
longer distances in the air.
39 a: Aquarium A, because there is sufficient food for the water snails as they could
feed on the algae and oxygen would be present when the algea photosynthesize. The
algea could make food for itself as light and cacbon dioxide is present.
b: It is because there is no light at night and thus the water plants do not
photosynthesise but only respire, which means that they take in oxygen and give out
carbon dioxide, so there is not enough oxygen for the fish and thus they died.
40 a: The effort will have to move a longer distance than the load.
b: It is to act as a fulcrum.
c:He can put Y nearer to X.
149

41 a: 25.2kg
b: (i) It reduces the amount of effort needed to lift the load.
(ii) It changes the direction of the force.
42 a: Amount of water. Number of fish. Type of fish. Temperature of water.
b: It was not a fair test as there are 2 changed variables, sunlight and water, althougb
in a fair test only one variable is changed.
43 Yes, because less effort is needed to raise the pole if the heavier load is nearer to the
fulcrum.
44 a: C and B had living conditions that were not negatively affecting them.
b: The birth rate and death rate are equal so the population of organism C neither
decreases nor increases.
45 a: It is because there is more than one changed variable in his experiment, as the tank
with the tap water has 1 more tadpole than the one with the pond water, and this
might affect the results as that tadpole also breathes in oxygen which leaves less for
the other tadpoles.
b:Ensure there is clean fresh pond water, some shade, and sufficient tadpole food.
46 a: Not possible to tell; b:True; c:True; d: False
Mock Paper D (Energy)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
3 4 4 2 4 3 2 1 2 3 2 1 1 4 4
16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
4 3 1 1 2 2 2 1 3 1 3 3 4 1 3
31 (a) Z, because the temperature of Z decreases least in 15 minutes.
(b) Compared to aluminum and plastic, ceramic preserves heat better so Z is made of
ceramic.
(c) In addition to the ability of preserving heat, ceramic is also hard and brittle.
32 (a) The factory worker needs a lot of energy to work so he chooses the combination that
gives the largest amount of energy.
(b) When the worker moved a heavy package down to a flight of stairs, the chemical
potential energy is converted to kinetic energy.
33 2, at top of ramp B, the tennis ball is at a height to the ground, so it has gravitational
potential energy.
4, When the ball moves up to ramp B, the speed decreases and the height of the ball
increases, so kinetic energy is converted to potential energy.
34 (a) The purpose of the experiment is to find out the thermal conduction ability of three
materials, because the time taken for two beakers to reach the final temperature is recorded.
(b) Copper has the greatest thermal conductivity as the time taken to reach the final
temperature is smallest and steel has the smallest thermal conductivity as the time taken to
reach the final temperature is greatest.
(c) To compare the thermal conductivity of the three materials, the three metal bars should
have the same dimensions.
35 (a) 10, the length of the shadow is at angle of 100 is the same as the length at angle of 80 but
in the other side.
(b) Another example for source of light energy is the sun
36 (a) The purpose of this experiment is to measure the thermal absorption ability of material,
because the temperature of the cans under the sun is measured after 20 minutes.
150

(b) It can be concluded that the darker the material, the more it absorbs heat, because the
temperature of Can Y increases more than that of Can X.
(c) The shirt should be in bright color so it will absorb the light less than the darker shirt.
37 (a) In order for the bean to grow up, there should be at least air, water and normal
temperature, as from the experiment only the bean in (2) and (3) grew up.
(b) Bean (2) would grow into a healthy plant as there is air, water, and light. As the food in
the seed leaves is used up, the young plant is able to make its own food by
photosynthesis. However, Bean (3) will not survive as after using up the food in the seed
leaves, it cannot make food on its own because there is not light. Bean (1), (4) and (5) will
not germinate and grow as the conditions for seed germination is not favourable.
38 (a) The energy source of the toy is the elastic potential energy of rubber band.
(b) There are should be more rubber bands because to make the toy jump higher, it needs to
have more potential energy.
39 Two variables needed to be measured in this experiment are:
(a) The brightness of the lamp because the brighter it is, the stronger photosynthesis takes
place.
(b) The level of air inside the tube, because the stronger photosynthesis takes place, the more
air the plant produces.
40 (a) Aquarium A. Algae needs light to grow and that will provide lots of food for the snails.
Guppies, duckweed, snail and hydrilla need light. Tubifex worms do not need light.
(b) Goldfish will eat whatever food it is presented. With so much food, it will die due to
overeating.
41 (a) Material C is the most suitable to use for making a thermo flash to keep coffee warm
because it preserves heat the most.
(b) For material C, there is the most amount of wax left. That means, its thermal
conductivity is the least. Therefore, it should keep coffer warm longer.
42 (i) True, because the flame was turned off so the temperature decreased.
(ii) False, room temperature is less than 40 0 C at the beginning of the graph, which shows the
room temperature.
(iii) Not true, because water also evaporates during period BC.
(iv) True, the rate of evaporation is higher during BC than CD because the temperature of
water at BC is higher than at CD.
43 (a) Two types of force which are acting on the wagon is gravitational force and Jane’s
pulling force.
(b) The energy changes form “kinetic energy” to rotational kinetic energy + sound” and then
to “potential energy”.
(c) Herbivores obtain energy indirectly from the sun by eating plants which obtain chemical
potential energy from photosynthesis.
44 (a) Bottle A can be cooled down faster because its temperature decreases faster than bottle
B.
(b) After 60 minutes, the two bottles have the same temperature which is the room
temperature. However, bottle A cools down to that temperature first after 45 minutes.
(c) The temperature of two bottles at 75 th minutes is the same as 60 th minutes because it is
room temperature.
45 (a) Elastic potential energy → potential energy + kinetic energy → sound energy + heat
energy.
(b) To make the stone move further, Thomas should pull the rubber band further because
there is more elastic potential energy and so more kinetic energy.
46 (a) Glass D → glass B → glass A → glass C
(b) The aim of this experiment is to compare the thermal conductivity of material: aluminum
and plastic.
151

Mock Paper E (Energy)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
3 2 4 3 4 3 3 4 2 2 1 4 1 3 1
16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
3 4 1 4 4 1 1 1 3 4 1 2 4 4 2
31 (a) C, because the ping-pong ball have the most kinetic energy at lowest point where it has
no potential energy.
(b) A, as it is at the highest point, because the potential energy is proportional to the height
of the ball.
32 (a) (i) He would most likely to have the fastest heart rate during a game of rugby as his body
does exercises a lot.
(ii) He would most likely to have the slowest heart rate during a peaceful sleep as his body is
at rest.
(b)The more exciting activity, the more energy he needs, the faster the heart beats
33 (a) D, because D is the lowest point and the potential energy is proportional to the height of
the ball.
(b) The ball bounces with decreasing heights because a small amount of energy converts to
heat and sound energy when the ball hits the ground.
(c) Tim conduct the experiment three times because the amount of heat and sound energy
converted is not the same every time.
34 (a) Carbon dioxide ; (b) Water; (c) Oxygen; (d) Energy
35 (a) Potential, kinetic; (b) Chemical potential, electrical, sound, kinetic
36 (a) The plant carryout photosynthesis process during the experiment because oxygen is
produced in this process.
(b) The volume of oxygen increases as the temperature of the water increases until 35 0 C and
then the volume of oxygen decreases when the temperature of water increases.
37 (a) Two of the taps with wheels made of plastic can be used to make a fair comparison
because plastic wheel and steel wheel may not have the same spin characteristics.
(b) The spinning water wheel possesses kinetic energy which is generated by its movement.
(c) To find out which tap the water flows fastest, Tony should know the fastest wheel
rotates, because the speed of water depends on the rotation speed of the wheel.
38 (a) At the end of fifteen minutes, Patrick should observe that water is warmer because the
heat of the wire dissipated in water.
(b) The energy conversions taking place in the experiment is: chemical potential energy →
electrical energy → heat energy.
(c) To increase the temperature of water for the same period of time, Patrick can:
i) Add more batteries, so the current in the wire increases and the heat dissipated also
increases.
ii) Change the wire with more resistivity so the heat dissipated also increases.
39 (a) Material D is best suited to be used as a heating coil in a water heater, because its
temperature increases the most.
(b) In the same period of time, material D raises the water to the highest temperature. That
means material D converts electrical to heat energy fastest among four materials.
(c) Chemical potential energy → Electrical energy → Heat energy
40 (a) Substance X melts at 56.3 o C.
(b) The melting process takes 45 minutes which is equal to 79 minus 34.
(c) The different in temperature between the boiling and melting points is 104.6 – 56.3 =
48.3 o C.
152

41 42 (a) Before the ram was released (Stage A), it possesses
gravitational potential energy.
(b) When the ram was falling (Stage B), it possesses
kinetic energy.
(c) To increase the kinetic energy, the ram needs to be
raised higher.
43 (a) The wooden stand should be made higher so that the drum would be hit by the wooden
disc and produce a “dome” sound.
(b) Because if the wooden stand is higher, the ball has more gravitational potential energy,
so the disc will fly higher.
44 Gravitational potential energy → kinetic energy → heat + sound energy.
45 (a) Droplets of water can be found outside of the window.
(b) The water vapor outside will be cooled down and form droplets.
46 (a) To make the toy move further, rubber band should be used.
(b) Rubber band should be used because among the materials, it possesses the most energy
in the form of elastic potential energy.
(c) Elastic potential energy → kinetic energy → sound energy
Mock Paper F (Energy)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
2 2 3 1 1 4 3 3 4 1 3 1 2 2 2
16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
4 3 4 1 4 1 3 4 4 1 1 3 2 4 3
31 ( a)The relationship between the distance travelled and the number of winds is that the more
winds, the further distance travelled.
(b) The energy stored in Albert’s toy is elastic potential energy.
(c)Elastic potential energy → kinetic energy + sound energy + heat energy
32 (a) The temperature did not change at X because X is melting point, so energy is used only
to change ice cube to liquid water.
(b) The temperature did not change further at Z because the water has reached room
temperature.
33 (a) The ball reaches point B before it rolls down to the bottom again.
(b)To ensure the ball rolls higher before rolling back downwards when it is released, the
start position can be changed to be higher.
34 (a) Thomas tried to find out that water has low thermal conductivity in this experiment.
(b) The ice melted very quickly in his 2 nd experiment because wire has high thermal
conductivity; therefore heat is transferred to bottom faster through wire.
35 (a) Bruce should place the light sensor at W to measure the light reflected by the paint.
(b) The experiment needs to perform in a dark room so the only light source is in the box,
not the environment light.
(c) Paint A would be a bad choice because for A, less light is reflected, so signboard will be
less visible.
36 (a) The car gets light energy to move.
(b) The modified car could move faster than the original car because the larger solar panel is,
the more area can catch light; therefore more energy is generated.
(c) One variable that should be kept constant is the same light setting or the brightness of the
light.
37 (a) The shadow was very light because the ball may be translucent.
(b) To increase the size of the shadow, the ball should be closer to the torchlight.
153

38 39 (a) The kinetic energy is least at position D.
(b) At point B, potential energy is less than
kinetic energy.
(c) At point E, potential energy is greater
than kinetic energy.
40 (a) A force is acting on the swing along its path because there is a change in the energy.
(b) Gravitational potential energy → kinetic energy → gravitational potential energy
41 (a) At P, the roller coaster car must possess gravitational potential energy.
(b) The roller coaster car came to a stop eventually because all energy converted to heat
energy along the track.
(c) Make the last section, just before to a more elevated slope.
42 (a) Potential energy → electrical energy → light energy + sound energy + heat energy
(b) Potential energy → electrical energy → heat energy
43 (a) The kinetic energy of the ping pong ball is greatest at position D.
(b) The potential energy of the ping pong ball is greatest at position A.
44 (a) When pulling the handle in the direction of the arrow and then releasing, the spring
pushes the ball and handle upwards and the ball hits the bell.
(b) Elastic potential energy → kinetic energy → kinetic energy + sound energy
45 (a) Light energy → Chemical potential energy.
(b) Potential energy → Light energy + heat energy.
(c) Potential energy → Electrical energy → Light energy + Sound energy + Heat energy
46
(a)
46
(b)
The relationship between the light intensity
and the amount of water left in the
container is that the brighter the light, the
faster water evaporates, and a lesser amount
of water is left.
154