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www.osram.de<br />
www.osram.com June 2009<br />
QUICKTRONIC ® <strong>DALI</strong>/DIM <strong>Technical</strong> Guide.<br />
Dimmable Electronic Control Gears for Fluorescent Lamps.<br />
• <strong>DALI</strong>/1…10 V Basics<br />
• Product Overview and Features<br />
• Installation and Operation Instructions
Contents<br />
1 Introduction .................................................................4<br />
1.1 Dimmable lighting systems ..............................................4<br />
1.1.1 Economy .........................................................................4<br />
1.1.2 Lighting comfort ..............................................................5<br />
1.1.3 Reliability/Safety ..............................................................6<br />
1.1.4 The right control unit for every application .......................6<br />
2 Overview of dimmable control gear ...........................7<br />
2.1 Block diagrams of a digital/analog dimmable ECG ..........7<br />
2.2 <strong>DALI</strong> in comparison to 1…10 V and EIB/LON..................8<br />
2.2.1 <strong>DALI</strong> and 1…10 V characteristics ....................................8<br />
2.3 <strong>DALI</strong> installation & features ............................................10<br />
2.3.1 Simplified installation .....................................................10<br />
2.3.2 Construction site mode .................................................10<br />
2.3.3 Benefits of <strong>DALI</strong> ECG in group assignment....................10<br />
2.3.4 Integrated scene memory ..............................................10<br />
2.3.5 Status report from the ECG ...........................................10<br />
2.3.6 No more switching relays ..............................................11<br />
2.3.7 Addressing is not essential ............................................11<br />
2.4 Installation and wiring instructions .................................11<br />
2.4.1 Burning-in instructions/Cable insulation .........................11<br />
2.4.2 Safety instructions .........................................................13<br />
2.4.3 Radio interference suppression of dimmable luminaires ...14<br />
2.4.4 Operation of multiple ECGs in a luminaire ......................16<br />
2.4.5 Wiring examples of dimmable electronic control gear: ...17<br />
2.5 The <strong>DALI</strong> interface – technical details ............................18<br />
2.5.1 The principle of the <strong>DALI</strong> system ...................................18<br />
2.5.2 <strong>DALI</strong> topology ...............................................................19<br />
2.5.3 <strong>DALI</strong> parameters in the ECG .........................................19<br />
2.5.4 Requirements to be met by the transmission cable .......20<br />
2.5.5 Wiring diagram for <strong>DALI</strong> ECGs ......................................20<br />
2.6 <strong>DALI</strong> data transmission .................................................22<br />
2.6.1 Behavior in the event of a fault.......................................23<br />
2.7 The <strong>DALI</strong> dimming curve ...............................................23<br />
2.7.1 Brief overview of the most important dimming values ....24<br />
2.8 Features of the digital interface ......................................25<br />
2.9 Characteristics of the 1…10 V interface ........................26<br />
2.9.1 The 1…10 V dimming curve ..........................................28<br />
3 Additional characteristics of dimmable electronic<br />
control gear from OSRAM .........................................29<br />
3.1 OSRAM <strong>DALI</strong>/1…10 V ECGs: Added-value through<br />
intelligent features .........................................................29<br />
3.2 OSRAM <strong>DALI</strong> ECGs and TouchDIM interface ................30<br />
3.2.1 Wiring and line compensation .......................................31<br />
3.2.2 Operating parameters for TouchDIM..............................32<br />
3.2.3 Compensation of interference........................................32<br />
3.2.4 TouchDIM operation ......................................................33<br />
1
3.2.5 Operating modes with TouchDIM ..................................33<br />
3.2.6 Asynchronism/Automation of the system .......................36<br />
3.2.6.1 Prevention/remedying of asynchronism .........................36<br />
3.2.6.2 Synchronization .............................................................36<br />
3.2.7 Behavior after mains voltage failure ...............................37<br />
3.3 OSRAM <strong>DALI</strong> ECGs in emergency lighting applications ....37<br />
3.3.1 Mains failure at the sub-distributor (UV) .........................39<br />
3.3.2 Mains failure at the main distributor (HV)........................40<br />
3.3.4 Emergency DC operation of the lighting system without<br />
monitoring module ........................................................40<br />
3.3.5 QTi <strong>DALI</strong>: Advantages in emergency lighting<br />
applications ...................................................................40<br />
3.4 OSRAM <strong>DALI</strong> LUMINAIRE TOOL (DLT)..........................40<br />
3.5 Basic circuits of 1…10 V control gear ............................42<br />
3.5.1 1…10 V: Staircase operating modes .............................43<br />
3.5.1.1 Applications ..................................................................43<br />
3.5.1.2 Control via analog output ..............................................45<br />
3.5.1.3 Interface circuit ..............................................................45<br />
3.5.1.4 Control via instabus EIB ................................................46<br />
3.6 Special wiring diagrams, tips and tricks .........................46<br />
3.6.1 Temperature-dependent control ....................................46<br />
3.6.2 Limits of the control voltage ...........................................47<br />
3.6.3 Cable length of the 1…10 V control line ........................48<br />
3.6.4 1…10 V DIM ECGs and emergency lighting ..................48<br />
3.7 Terminals/Cable cross sections/Wire stripping lengths ...49<br />
3.7.1 Inserting and releasing the connection cables ...............50<br />
3.7.2 Cable cross sections ....................................................51<br />
3.7.3 Basic insulation .............................................................51<br />
3.7.4 Holders .........................................................................51<br />
3.7.5 Master-slave circuit .......................................................51<br />
3.7.6 Minimum reflector gaps .................................................51<br />
3.8 Temperature response of dimmable ECGs from<br />
OSRAM .........................................................................52<br />
3.8.1 Intelligent thermal management in hot luminaires ...........52<br />
3.8.2 Color temperature .........................................................56<br />
3.8.3 Outdoor applications .....................................................56<br />
3.8.4 Functional test of luminaires ..........................................57<br />
3.9 Dimming of amalgam lamps ..........................................57<br />
3.9.1 Dynamic dimming procedures with amalgam lamps ....... 60<br />
3.9.2 The benefits of amalgam technology .............................61<br />
4 System energy consumption and dimmer setting ...63<br />
5 Dimming of compact fluorescent lamps .................64<br />
5.1 Unique features of the new OSRAM CFL ECGs .............65<br />
6 The <strong>DALI</strong> Activity Group (AG <strong>DALI</strong>) ...........................67<br />
2
7 Tender documents .....................................................68<br />
8 Frequently asked questions (FAQ) ...........................72<br />
8.1 Part of <strong>DALI</strong> ..................................................................72<br />
8.1.1 TouchDIM .....................................................................72<br />
8.1.2 <strong>DALI</strong> in general ..............................................................73<br />
8.1.3 <strong>DALI</strong> to 1…10 V converter ............................................76<br />
8.1.4 Troubleshooting TouchDIM mode ..................................76<br />
8.1.5 Troubleshooting <strong>DALI</strong> controllers ...................................77<br />
8.1.6 <strong>DALI</strong> to 1…10 V converter ............................................77<br />
8.2 Part of 1…10 V DIM ECGs ............................................77<br />
8.2.1 Troubleshooting 1…10 V ...............................................79<br />
9 Appendix .....................................................................80<br />
9.1 Starting currents and max. number of ECGs in<br />
automatic cutouts .........................................................80<br />
9.1.1 Minimum triggering levels for B/C characteristic ............80<br />
9.2 <strong>DALI</strong> fade time and fade rate .........................................81<br />
9.3 Lamp wiring ..................................................................81<br />
9.4 Operating parameters of the ECG lamp combinations ...84<br />
9.5 Energy classifications ....................................................85<br />
9.6 The <strong>DALI</strong> standard (IEC 62386) at a glance ...................86<br />
Index .....................................................................................87<br />
3
1 Introduction<br />
1.1 Dimmable lighting systems<br />
Dimmable electronic control gears (DIM ECGs) are playing an<br />
increasingly important role in all areas of application of modern<br />
lighting technology. Dimmable ECGs from OSRAM, integrated in a<br />
building management system, form the heart of intelligent lighting systems<br />
which save up to 80 % of energy compared to conventional<br />
electronic control gears. The reason for this is that many requirements<br />
of a lighting system are simple and elegant to realize by means of light<br />
control. Economy, lighting comfort, reliability and safety are the driving<br />
forces here.<br />
1.1.1 Economy<br />
Intelligent energy-saving concepts in building management lower the<br />
lighting costs many times over:<br />
• Up to 50 % less power consumption compared to operation with<br />
magnetic, conventional electronic control gears (CCG)<br />
• More than 50 % longer lamp lifetime compared to operation with<br />
ECG and low-loss electronic control gears (LLG) through defined<br />
lamp operation ! Lower maintenance costs<br />
• Lowering of energy costs for air conditioning systems by reducing<br />
the cooling load<br />
Figure 1: Global energy saving potential with dimmable electronic<br />
control gear<br />
4
1.1.2 Lighting comfort<br />
Lighting situations at the touch of a button (lighting scenes), also with<br />
integrated presence detection and daylight/time-dependent control,<br />
increase lighting comfort. The features of a high-quality dimmable<br />
ECG also include:<br />
• Flicker-free ignition<br />
• Comfortable, continuously dimmable (1(3)…100 %) and flicker-free<br />
lighting without stroboscopic effects<br />
• Virtually noise-free, no irritating humming of chokes (CCG/LLG)<br />
• No flashing of defective lamps<br />
• Automatic restart after lamp replacement<br />
• Easy-to-use, feedback messages to the control unit and configuration<br />
of personal lighting values create individuality<br />
Figure 2: Energy saving and increased lighting comfort through integrated<br />
presence detection with daylight/time-dependent control<br />
This has been made possible mostly thanks to technical developments.<br />
Modern dimmable ECGs with digital (<strong>DALI</strong> = Digital Addressable<br />
Lighting Interface) or analog (1…10 V) interface in combination<br />
with corresponding control elements, control units and sensors create<br />
the preconditions for simple and low-cost realization of more efficient<br />
and convenient lighting systems.<br />
5
1.1.3 Reliability/Safety<br />
Reliability and safety play a crucial role in the use of electronic control<br />
gear. Key features of high-quality ECGs include:<br />
• Preheating of both lamp filaments<br />
• Dependable lamp ignition to an ambient temperature of -20 °C 1<br />
• Dependable lamp operation in the temperature range of -20 °C to<br />
75 °C<br />
• Dependable shutdown of the ECG in the event of a fault and at<br />
"End of Life" (EoL)<br />
• Compliance with all current applicable ECG standards:<br />
• Safety (EN61347)<br />
• Performance (EN60929)<br />
• Harmonic current emissions (EN61000-3-2)<br />
• Radio interference suppression from 9 kHz to 300 MHz<br />
(EN55015: 2006 + A1:2007)/CDN measurement<br />
• Immunity (EN61547)<br />
1.1.4 The right control unit for every application<br />
Dimmable ECGs have a very wide range of uses. Some examples of<br />
applications are offices and industrial buildings with light-dependent<br />
control, conference and assembly rooms with lighting for the particular<br />
situation or CAD offices and switch rooms with individually adjustable<br />
light levels. The core of the lighting system are the dimmable<br />
QUICKTRONIC Intelligent ® ECGs from OSRAM with <strong>DALI</strong> or 1…10 V<br />
interface (QTi <strong>DALI</strong>/DIM) for the operation of compact and fluorescent<br />
lamps. These are controlled by a control unit, a sensor or a simple<br />
button/rotary dimmer switch. The choice of the right dimming components<br />
for controlling the lighting depends on the desired application.<br />
The requirement profile of the dimmable lighting system must, therefore,<br />
be defined in detail.<br />
1<br />
at a dimming setting of 100 % → max. ECG output to the lamp<br />
6
2.1 Block diagrams of a digital/analog dimmable ECGs 2<br />
2 Overview of dimmable<br />
electronic control gears<br />
a) Digital dimmable ECG with <strong>DALI</strong> interface<br />
b) Analog dimmable ECG with 1…10 V interface<br />
Figure 3: EMC filters and safety shutdown are important elements of<br />
high-quality dimmable electronic control gears.<br />
2<br />
• EMC filter for HF interference signals from 9 kHz to 300 MHz<br />
• Power Factor Correction: Correction of the line current harmonics<br />
• HF half-bridge generator (40 kHz – 120 kHz) with resonance circuit<br />
• Safety shutdown incl. “End of Life“ detection<br />
• Cs: Storage capacitor<br />
7
2.2 <strong>DALI</strong> in comparison to 1…10 V and EIB/LON<br />
What modern lighting technology needs is a system that is as flexible<br />
as it is simple, a system that focuses on room-based lighting<br />
control with just a few low-cost components, minimal wiring and a<br />
user-friendly operating concept. The lighting industry has therefore developed<br />
a new digital communication standard for lighting systems:<br />
<strong>DALI</strong> closes the gap between the former 1…10 V technology and<br />
complex bus systems. <strong>DALI</strong> can be used either as a very simple local<br />
solution or as a subsystem integrated in a building management<br />
system.<br />
Figure 4: Overview of 1…10 V, <strong>DALI</strong> and EIB/LON<br />
With traditional electrical installations and even with the widely used<br />
analog 1…10 V interface such requirements are very difficult to meet<br />
and involve a great deal of time, effort and expense. A large number<br />
of components have to be used to enable a programmed scene to<br />
be changed, to provide flexible grouping at the same time and then<br />
possibly to integrate these settings in a daylight-dependent control<br />
system.<br />
2.2.1 <strong>DALI</strong> and 1…10 V characteristics<br />
The basis for any control system are the defined physical properties<br />
at the interface and the properties of the interface cables as the<br />
transmission medium. Thanks to a high signal-to-noise ratio and wide<br />
ranges for digital “low” and “high”, it is virtually impossible with <strong>DALI</strong><br />
for data transfer to be affected by interference. Consequently, there is<br />
no need to use shielded control cables. As in the case of the 1...10 V<br />
interface, the mains and control inputs in the ECGs are electrically<br />
isolated. A conscious decision was taken not to use safety extra-low<br />
voltage (SELV) in order to offer low-cost installation without additional<br />
8
special lines or cable penetrations. A 5 x 1.5 mm 2 NYM cable, for<br />
example, can be used for the mains feed and <strong>DALI</strong>.<br />
1…10 V <strong>DALI</strong><br />
Potential-free control input<br />
Potential-free control input<br />
Two-wire line (with +/- polarity)<br />
Two-wire line (polarity-free)<br />
Dimming curve, luminous flux linear Dimming curve, optically linear<br />
(= logarithmic), matching the sensitivity of<br />
the eye<br />
Non-addressable<br />
• Wiring acc. to groups required<br />
Addressing possible:<br />
• Individual (max. 64 addresses)<br />
• In groups (max. 16)<br />
• All together<br />
! No wiring acc. to groups<br />
Not possible Scene memory (max. 16)<br />
Not possible<br />
Individual addressing of the <strong>DALI</strong> ECG<br />
Not possible<br />
Status messages of the <strong>DALI</strong> controllers<br />
• Lamp faults<br />
• Operating life<br />
• Dimmer setting<br />
Not possible<br />
External mains voltage switch<br />
(e.g.: relay)<br />
Common mains supply and control line<br />
possible through:<br />
Basic insulation<br />
Table 1: Comparison between 1...10 V and <strong>DALI</strong><br />
Individual dimming options<br />
• Storing the last dimming value as a starting<br />
value<br />
Integrated mains voltage switch (switchoff<br />
of the ECG via <strong>DALI</strong> interface, no relay<br />
necessary)<br />
Common mains supply and control line<br />
possible through mains:<br />
TouchDIM interface<br />
• Control with mains voltage without observation<br />
of the mains voltage phase<br />
! No separate bus line<br />
• Conventional, commercially available<br />
buttons<br />
9
2.3 <strong>DALI</strong> installation & features<br />
2.3.1 Simplified installation<br />
The installation of <strong>DALI</strong> is carried out with commercially available installation<br />
material for 230 V line voltage. The two wires of the five-wire<br />
cables (e.g. NYM 5 x 1.5 mm²) that are not needed can be used for<br />
the <strong>DALI</strong> interface - regardless of polarity. Thus, no separate bus cable<br />
is required! The ECG and control unit can be operated on different<br />
line voltage phases.<br />
2.3.2 Construction site mode<br />
The ECGs can be switched on or off at any time via the fuse protection<br />
even if there is no controller installed or programmed (basic <strong>DALI</strong><br />
function). With ECGs straight from the factory the lighting is always<br />
switched on at 100 % luminous flux.<br />
2.3.3 Benefits of <strong>DALI</strong> ECG with group assignment<br />
Each ECG in the <strong>DALI</strong> system can be addressed individually and digitally.<br />
Each ECG is assigned an address and group association on<br />
start-up. Each ECG may belong to as many as 16 groups – and to<br />
several groups at the same time. The ECGs can be addressed individually,<br />
in groups or all together. The group assignment can be changed<br />
at any time without rewiring.<br />
2.3.4 Integrated scene memory<br />
Each ECG can store up to 16 light values, irrespective of the group<br />
assignments. Fading from one scene to the next is synchronous. This<br />
means that all ECGs start fading to the new scene at the same time<br />
and finish at the same time (by varying the dimming rate).<br />
2.3.5 Status report from the ECG<br />
The control unit can query the status of each and every ECG. This<br />
enables a lamp fault (or failure) or the brightness of a lamp to be determined,<br />
for example. The feedback capability of the OSRAM <strong>DALI</strong><br />
ECG is crucial in association with complex bus systems (EIB, LON) in<br />
building management systems (e.g.: the OSRAM BASIC checks for<br />
lamp faults and can forward these via a potential-free message contact;<br />
the OSRAM Advanced provides the option of analysis by means<br />
of the HPT (Hand Programming Tool, see www.osram.com/ecg-lms).<br />
10
2.3.6 No more switching relays<br />
The ECGs are switched on and off via the interface. The former external<br />
relays required for switching are therefore no longer needed.<br />
2.3.7 Addressing is not essential<br />
<strong>DALI</strong> can also be used without any addressing (groups or individual<br />
addresses). A method known as broadcast mode is used here, which<br />
simply means that all control units are addressed together.<br />
2.4 Installation and wiring instructions<br />
2.4.1 Burning-in instructions/Cable insulation<br />
• For forming and basic stabilization new lamps must be burned in<br />
for 100 hours at 100 % dimmer setting (undimmed). Interruptions<br />
during the burning-in are permissible. In dimming operation without<br />
burning-in this can result in the lamps flickering, premature endblackening<br />
and shorter operating life. For measurements based on<br />
IEC 60081, the lamps must also be correspondingly burned in, in<br />
order to achieve maximum luminous flux and optimum lamp stability.<br />
3<br />
• Dimming is generally only possible with filament preheating. The<br />
filament temperature must be kept constant by auxiliary heating as<br />
this can to lead to effects such as tungsten depletion (sputtering)<br />
or to elevated vaporization of the emitter material.<br />
• The control input (<strong>DALI</strong> or 1…10 V) is insulated from the mains<br />
(230 V voltage-proof) by basic insulation (not SELV). The mains<br />
cable and control line can therefore be routed together in a 5-core<br />
NYM cable. 4<br />
3<br />
The electrodes of a low pressure discharge lamp are coated with an emitter (barium, strontium and<br />
calcium oxide) to reduce the work function of the electrons from the tungsten filament wire. These<br />
oxides are strongly hygroscopic and interact with the humidity of the air (consequence: relatively low<br />
light yield, high lamp voltage and short service life of the lamp)<br />
! Solution: Intermediate reaction due to carbonate compounds from which the oxides are formed<br />
at temperatures above 600 °C. The actual reduction of the filament work function requires atomic<br />
barium on the emitter surface, which is only fully formed at the max. dimming setting (100 % luminous<br />
flux) and high temperatures (1900 K electrode temperature) over a time period of 100 h. If<br />
these conditions are not fulfilled, an increased cathode voltage drop results and leads to material<br />
deposits on the filament: Reduced service life<br />
4<br />
In accordance with DIN VDE 0100 Part 520 Section 528.11, main current circuits and associated<br />
auxiliary circuits can be laid together, even if the auxiliary circuits carry a lower voltage than the main<br />
current circuits.<br />
11
Note (acc. to DIN VDE 0100/11.85, T 520, Sect. 528.11):<br />
• Cables or lines that are insulated for the maximum operating<br />
voltage must be used, or each conductor of a multi-wire cable/<br />
line must be insulated for the next voltage appearing in the<br />
cable/line.<br />
• When laying conductor lines in electrical installation pipes or<br />
ducts only the conductors of a main power circuit including the<br />
associated auxiliary power circuit may be laid together<br />
• Several main power circuits including the associated auxiliary<br />
power circuits can also be combined in a single cable or line<br />
• Cables and terminals approved for use the mains voltage (230 V)<br />
must be used for the installation<br />
• The installation must be carried out in such a way that when the<br />
supply voltage is switched off, all signal and control cables are also<br />
switched off at the same time<br />
• All components of the main power and control power circuits must<br />
be designed for 250 V working voltage to ground<br />
• All the luminaires must be wired with H05 cables provided U OUT<br />
does not exceed 430 V eff,<br />
and also be subjected to an insulation<br />
test (in accordance with VDE) in conjunction with OSRAM <strong>DALI</strong>/<br />
DIM ECGs. OSRAM QUICKTRONIC <strong>DALI</strong>/DIM ECGs do not exceed<br />
430 V eff<br />
even for T5-Ø 16 mm HE and HO florescent lamps.<br />
12
2.4.2 Safety instructions<br />
Electronic control gear should be installed and maintained by qualified<br />
electricians only<br />
Disconnect electronic control gear from the power supply before<br />
maintenance work<br />
Use indoors only<br />
13
2.4.3 Radio interference suppression of dimmable luminaires<br />
The use of dimmable ECG is only approved in luminaires of protection<br />
class I (PC I) as only here is adequate grounding assured.<br />
Note:<br />
When dimming, the operating frequency of the lamp and the lamp<br />
burning voltage increases at the same time which can lead to elevated<br />
leakage currents. Leakage currents emerging from the lamp always<br />
flow back into the ECG because the current circuit must be closed. To<br />
keep cable-related interference as low as possible, the leakage current<br />
is offered a different return path, the ground conductor (=casing)<br />
and the PE connection of the ECG.<br />
In brief: Dimming is not possible without grounding. Dimmable ECGs<br />
only function in PC I luminaires and not in PC II luminaires as these<br />
have no protection contact. Connecting the dimmable ECG to the<br />
functional ground is not permissible.<br />
Radio interference suppression with PC I<br />
L N<br />
R<br />
Lamp<br />
ECG<br />
Grounded metal plate or reflector<br />
PE<br />
Figure 5: Protection class I luminaires<br />
The maximum 50 Hz leakage current of the ECG via the ground fault<br />
circuit interrupter (FI switch) is 0.5 mA.<br />
• Mains cables and control lines may be routed together and should<br />
be laid close to the luminaire wall<br />
• Mains and control cables must not be laid close to the lamp cables<br />
• If crossovers of mains and lamp cables are unavoidable, they<br />
should cross perpendicularly<br />
• Do not lay the PE conductor together with the lamp cables<br />
• Do not use shielded lamp cables (reduction of capacity leakage<br />
currents)<br />
• The OSRAM <strong>DALI</strong>/DIM ECG must always be installed near the<br />
lamp(s) so that the lamp cables can be kept short in the interests of<br />
good radio interference protection<br />
14
Notes:<br />
• Max. lamp cable length of the "hot end" (higher potential to<br />
ground): T5, T8: 1 m/T4: 0.5 m<br />
• Excessively long lamp cables cause the following problems:<br />
- Poor radio interference suppression<br />
- Uncertain lamp detection (not in T8)<br />
- Poor synchronization of 2-lamp OSRAM <strong>DALI</strong>/DIM ECGs<br />
• Lay the lamp cables close together and close to the lamp<br />
• Lamp cables must not be laid in metal pipes and must not be<br />
shielded cables<br />
• Guide the cables of the different lamp ends separately<br />
• In the case of multi-lamp OSRAM <strong>DALI</strong>/DIM ECGs, the cables to<br />
the respective lamp ends must be of the same length to prevent<br />
differences in the brightness<br />
• When dimming florescent lamps the maximum lamp voltage is<br />
reached at the lowest dimmer setting (3 %-10 %) due to the negative<br />
current-voltage characteristic<br />
Maximum line lengths between dimmable ECG<br />
(QTi <strong>DALI</strong>/DIM) and lamps<br />
Cold ends*<br />
Hot ends*<br />
1-lamp 21, 22 1-lamp 26, 27<br />
2-lamp 21, 22, 23 2-lamp 24, 25, 26, 27<br />
T5 1.5 m 1.0 m<br />
T8 1.5 m (2 m HF DIM) 1.0 m (1.5 m HF DIM)<br />
DULUX D/E, T/E<br />
Every 0.5 m<br />
Table 2: Maximum cable lengths between dimmable ECGs and<br />
lamps<br />
* "Hot ends" are the lamp cables that have the highest potential to the<br />
switching ground or protective ground. The other "cold ends" of the<br />
lamp cables have a lower potential to ground.<br />
Note:<br />
• Maximum capacitance of a filament cable pair to ground:<br />
T5: 75 pF<br />
T8/DL: 150 pF<br />
• Maximum capacitance between "hot" and "cold":<br />
T5: 15 pF<br />
T8: 30 pF<br />
15
2.4.4 Operation of multiple ECGs in a luminaire<br />
If several dimmable ECGs are operated in a luminaire, there can be<br />
interference effects and hence to flickering, jerky dimming or even to<br />
shutdown of the ECGs if they have not been correctly installed. The<br />
cause for this are inductions between the lamp current circuits of several<br />
ECGs: If a lamp running at 100 % transfers just 1 % of its current<br />
into the neighboring lamp dimmed to 1 %, this represents a fault of<br />
100 %. The same applies to coupling between a heating current circuit,<br />
i.e. feed and return lines to one side of the lamp and the neighboring<br />
lamp circuit.<br />
There should, therefore, be a minimum spacing of 12 cm between the<br />
lamp circuits (lamp and cables) of different ECGs. If this is not possible,<br />
the lamp wiring must be carefully installed so coupling between<br />
the lamp circuits is reduced to a minimum:<br />
• Lay the lamp cables close to the appropriate lamps so that the<br />
area covered by the lamp circuit is as small as possible. The lamp<br />
circuits of the two ECGs must not overlap. This is particularly important<br />
for color control if adjacent ECGs are dimmed to different<br />
levels.<br />
• There should be a spacing of several centimeters between the<br />
lamp cables of two ECGs<br />
• The "short" (hot) lamp cables (see also ECG imprint) should lead to<br />
one side of the lamp and should be as short as possible. The "long“<br />
(cold) lamp cables to the other side of the lamp (see Table 2)<br />
• Mains and control cables should not be laid close to the lamp cables<br />
(prevents undesired couplings into the control cable)<br />
• All the mains and control cables may be routed together. To ensure<br />
that radio interference suppression is not impaired, there should be<br />
a gap of several centimeters to the lamp cables.<br />
16
The better these recommendations are implemented, the more stable<br />
is the light at the lowest dimmer setting, even with a very small lamp<br />
spacing – and, hence, the full temperature range of the ECGs can be<br />
used.<br />
• In the "worst case" twist the cables of the heating circuits together,<br />
hence ensuring they lie close together. With 1-lamp ECGs these<br />
are the 21-22 and 26-27 cables, with 2-lamp ECGs; 21-22 and<br />
21-23, 24-25 and 26-27. This is particularly important if adjacent<br />
ECGs are operated at the lowest dimmer setting (1(3)%).<br />
If there still are problems: Remove all lamps except for the most<br />
"problematic" ECG – this will eliminate possible faults from the other<br />
lamps. If the lamp then works correctly over the entire dimming range,<br />
the decoupling measures for the other lamps (cables) are still not adequate.<br />
2.4.5 Wiring examples of dimmable electronic control gear<br />
Figure 6: Three 1-lamp ECGs<br />
Correct:<br />
The lamp lines are laid close to<br />
the respective lamps.<br />
There are no overlapping lamp<br />
current circuits. The “hot" side<br />
is up and the “cold" is down.<br />
Wrong:<br />
The lamp lines of all ECGs are laid<br />
together, also overlapping lamp<br />
current circuits are formed in this<br />
way.<br />
17
Figure 7: Three 2-lamp ECGs<br />
Correct:<br />
The lamp lines are laid close<br />
to the respective lamps. The<br />
overlapping of the three right<br />
lamp current circuits is minimized.<br />
Wrong:<br />
The lamp lines of all ECGs are laid<br />
together, also overlapping lamp<br />
current circuits are formed in this<br />
way.<br />
Note:<br />
T5 florescent lamps must be used so that the lamp stamps are on<br />
the same side. The lamp stamp must be underneath (Cold Spot) in<br />
the upright burning position. If this is not the case, the lamp parameters<br />
will fluctuate which can lead to unstable burning behavior of the<br />
lamp.<br />
2.5 The <strong>DALI</strong> interface – technical details<br />
<strong>DALI</strong> defines the digital communication between a control unit with<br />
<strong>DALI</strong> interface and a <strong>DALI</strong> controller (ECG). The detailed specifications<br />
of the <strong>DALI</strong> interface can be found in IEC 62386.<br />
2.5.1 The <strong>DALI</strong> system principle<br />
Each control unit works as a "master" and controls communication on<br />
the control cable. ECGs, in contrast, may only respond as a "slave" to<br />
a request of the "master".<br />
<strong>DALI</strong> relies on consistent intelligence distributed throughout the<br />
system, an intelligent control unit communicates with intelligent components.<br />
For example, the control unit only issues the command:<br />
"Scene 1" and the processor in the ECG adopts the desired light<br />
value. This way all ECGs achieve the set value at the same time.<br />
18
2.5.2 <strong>DALI</strong> topology<br />
The <strong>DALI</strong> ECGs are wired in parallel to each other and groups are not<br />
taken into consideration. Star configurations are also possible. Ring<br />
wiring is not permitted (indicated by X in the diagram). There is also no<br />
need for terminating resistors on the communication cable.<br />
Figure 8: <strong>DALI</strong> topology<br />
2.5.3 <strong>DALI</strong> parameters in the ECG<br />
The following data can be stored in the <strong>DALI</strong> ECGs when a <strong>DALI</strong><br />
system is started up:<br />
• Group assignment of the <strong>DALI</strong> ECG (max. 16 groups, multiple<br />
assignment is possible)<br />
• Individual address for accessing each ECG directly (max. 64)<br />
• Lighting values for the individual scenes (max. 16)<br />
• ECG parameters that determine the behavior of the ECG:<br />
• Dimming rate<br />
• Behavior if the voltage fails on the interface (System Failure Level)<br />
• Behavior when the mains voltage is restored (Power On Level)<br />
In addition to the above-mentioned options, it is always possible to<br />
address all the devices together, even without programming the devices<br />
beforehand (construction site function).<br />
19
2.5.4 Requirements to be met by the transmission cable<br />
When selecting a cable make sure that the voltage drop on the line<br />
does not exceed 2 V at 250 mA. As with 1…10 V systems, the power<br />
supply and control line can be run in the same cable. This means, for<br />
example, a 5-core NYM cable can be used to connect the <strong>DALI</strong> ECG<br />
without any problems. The maximum permitted total length of cable<br />
between the controller and the connected ECG is 300 m.<br />
Cross section of the power cable:<br />
A = L x I x 0.018<br />
A = Line cross section in mm², L = Cable length in meters,<br />
I = Max. current of the supply voltage in A,<br />
0.018 = Specific resistance of copper<br />
The following formula is used as a basis for finding the cable cross<br />
section (transmission and power cable):<br />
Line length up to 100 m 100 to 150 m 150 to 300 m<br />
Line cross section 0.5 mm 2 0.75 mm 2 1.5 mm 2<br />
Note:<br />
Because of the different technical properties of the <strong>DALI</strong> interface in<br />
control units found on the market and the differing local conditions of<br />
the installation, it is recommended to limit the overall line lengths used<br />
in the system to 300 m.<br />
2.5.5 Wiring diagram for <strong>DALI</strong> ECGs<br />
For reasons of clarity it is recommended to use the black and the gray<br />
cable for <strong>DALI</strong>.<br />
Neutral conductor<br />
e.g.<br />
Protective earth<br />
Figure 9: Wiring diagram for <strong>DALI</strong> controllers<br />
20
Controllers and electronic control gears may be connected to different<br />
power supply phases.<br />
L3<br />
L2<br />
L1<br />
N<br />
PE<br />
L N PE DA DA<br />
~<br />
~<br />
DA<br />
DA<br />
ECG Quicktronic <strong>DALI</strong><br />
1<br />
2<br />
3<br />
4<br />
Lamp<br />
<strong>DALI</strong><br />
controller<br />
~<br />
~<br />
DA<br />
DA<br />
ECG Quicktronic <strong>DALI</strong><br />
1<br />
2<br />
3<br />
4<br />
Lamp<br />
~<br />
~<br />
DA<br />
DA<br />
ECG Quicktronic <strong>DALI</strong><br />
1<br />
2<br />
3<br />
4<br />
Lamp<br />
DA DA PE N L1 L2 L3<br />
Figure 10: Wiring diagram for <strong>DALI</strong> controllers<br />
21
2.6 <strong>DALI</strong> data transfer<br />
With <strong>DALI</strong>, data telegrams are produced by short-circuiting and releasing<br />
the line in order to generate the corresponding "low" or "high"<br />
logic states. This may be caused by either the ECG or by the controller.<br />
In the event of a short-circuit the current is limited by the interface<br />
supply to 250 mA. In the idle state (no data transfer) approx. 16 V DC<br />
is<br />
on the ECG. The following figures illustrate data transfer via <strong>DALI</strong>:<br />
Sender unit<br />
Receiver unit<br />
Undefined<br />
22.5 V max.<br />
“High Level"<br />
sender range<br />
20.5 V max.<br />
16 V typ.<br />
“High Level"<br />
receiver range<br />
11.5 V min.<br />
9.5 V min.<br />
8 V typ.<br />
Undefined<br />
6.5 V max.<br />
4.5 V max.<br />
“Low Level"<br />
sender range<br />
0 V typ.<br />
"Low Level"<br />
receiver range<br />
-4.5 V min.<br />
-6.5 V min.<br />
Undefined<br />
Figure 11: Voltage level on the <strong>DALI</strong> interface<br />
22
“Biphase" databit<br />
coded with value “1"<br />
“Biphase" databit<br />
coded with value “0"<br />
High level (= idle state)<br />
Voltage<br />
Low level<br />
Incoming data<br />
telegram<br />
ECG response<br />
Current consumption<br />
< 250 mA (active limit<br />
by the <strong>DALI</strong> supply)<br />
Current consumption < 2 mA<br />
Current<br />
Figure 12: Data transfer using the Manchester code on the <strong>DALI</strong> line<br />
Data is transferred using the Manchester code. The signal edges in<br />
the middle of the bit carry the information here. A trailing edge indicates<br />
a logical zero and a rising edge a logical one.<br />
2.6.1 Behavior in the event of a fault<br />
If there is no power at the <strong>DALI</strong> interface (controller faulty or switched<br />
off), the System Failure Level is set. The Power On Level is activated<br />
after a mains voltage failure (230 V). The System Failure Level has the<br />
higher priority.<br />
Both values are set at the factory to 100 % luminous flux, but can<br />
be individually programmed with the Dali Luminaire Tool (DLT) from<br />
OSRAM, for example.<br />
2.7 The <strong>DALI</strong> dimming curve<br />
IEC 62386 defines the dimming range of a <strong>DALI</strong> controller from 0.1 to<br />
100 %. The dimming curve is shown in the graphic below. As far as<br />
the eye is concerned, this categorization is a linear response 5 according<br />
to the Weber-Fechner Law.<br />
5<br />
The Weber-Fechner law states that the subjective strength of sensory stimuli is<br />
logarithmically related to the objective intensity of the physical stimulus.<br />
23
The dependency of the relative luminous flux X (n) on the digital 8-bit<br />
value n is described by the following correlation:<br />
n−1<br />
253<br />
3<br />
X ( n)<br />
− X ( n + 1)<br />
X ( n)<br />
= 10 ! = 2,8 % = Const.<br />
X ( n)<br />
This results in the following graphical association:<br />
Figure 13: <strong>DALI</strong> dimming curve<br />
2.7.1 Brief overview of the most important dimming values<br />
percentage luminous flux 0 0,1 0,5 1,0 3 5 10 20<br />
digital dimming value 0 1 60 85 126 144 170 195<br />
percentage luminous flux 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100<br />
digital dimming value 210 220 229 235 241 246 250 254<br />
Table 3: Values of digital dimming value against percentage luminous<br />
flux<br />
As not all <strong>DALI</strong> controllers start at 0.1 % luminous flux, the smallest<br />
value for <strong>DALI</strong> ECG is 85 for example (corresponds to 1 % luminous<br />
flux). All values below 85 (except for 0 = off) are interpreted as the<br />
minimum light level. To ensure that the transitions from one digital level<br />
to the next are not visible, <strong>DALI</strong> ECGs from OSRAM feature digital<br />
“smoothing" (this is an additional function of the QTi for increasing<br />
lighting comfort and is not part of the <strong>DALI</strong> standard).<br />
24
2.8 Features of the digital interface<br />
• IEC 62386 – This allows the combination of units from different<br />
manufacturers. A special feature to be noted is that the <strong>DALI</strong> manufacturers<br />
represented in the AG <strong>DALI</strong>. 6 test their units together in<br />
order to guarantee high functional security.<br />
• Physical usable data rate of 1200 bit/s enables fault-free operation<br />
7<br />
• Safe interference voltage gap – the generously dimensioned interference<br />
voltage gap of the high and low level guarantee safe operation<br />
• Data coding – the Manchester code is used; its structure allows<br />
detection of transmission errors<br />
• Maximum system current – the maximum current that a central interface<br />
8 supply must deliver is 250 mA. Each control unit may take<br />
max. 2 mA. This must be taken into consideration when selecting<br />
the interface supply.<br />
• Limited system size – a maximum of 64 control units with an individual<br />
address can be operated differently in a single system<br />
• Feedback of information – ON/OFF, current brightness value of the<br />
connected lamps, lamp status etc. are possible<br />
• Two-wire control line – there should be two basic insulations between<br />
two conductors. Hence, single-layer insulation of a conductor<br />
is adequate. Control and supply lines can be laid together; a<br />
minimum cross section of the line must be maintained here. The<br />
maximum line length between two connected system subscribers<br />
must not exceed 300 meters<br />
• Potential-free control input – the control input is electrically separated<br />
from the mains supply. The ECGs can thus be operated on<br />
different outer conductors (phases)<br />
• No terminating resistors required – the interface lines do not need<br />
to be connected to resistors<br />
6<br />
Every ECG manufacturer that has the <strong>DALI</strong> logo on its ECG is a member of the<br />
AG <strong>DALI</strong><br />
7<br />
40 commands/s and 16 bits ! 640 bit/s<br />
8<br />
<strong>DALI</strong> interface on the control unit:<br />
The <strong>DALI</strong> interface of the control unit also supplies the <strong>DALI</strong> interface of the<br />
connected <strong>DALI</strong> components. To ensure that the total current of max. 250 mA<br />
permitted for <strong>DALI</strong> is not exceeded, no other <strong>DALI</strong> supplies or <strong>DALI</strong> controllers<br />
can be connected to this system. In order not to exceed the max. permissible<br />
voltage drop of 2 V on the interface lines, the line cross section must be chosen<br />
according to the table in the technical details (2.5.4).<br />
25
• Dimming range 1 %…100 % (the lower limit depends on the lamp<br />
and manufacturer). The progression of the characteristic is standardized<br />
and adapted to the sensitivity of the eye (logarithmic<br />
characteristic). Because of the standardization, a similar sense of<br />
brightness is achieved when using control units from different manufacturers<br />
• Programmable dimming times – special settings such as light<br />
change speeds (e.g. from 1 % to 100 % dimmer setting) are possible<br />
• Disconnection of the data line – the specified light values are adopted<br />
automatically<br />
• Storage of light scenes (different group-dependent dimming states)<br />
– up to 16 scenes can be stored<br />
• Connection via converter to building management systems – the<br />
interface is primarily conceived for room applications; it can be integrated<br />
into building management systems via gateways<br />
• Simple system reconfiguration – once the system is set up and<br />
configured, changes of the system function, the light scene and<br />
light functions are only a matter of configuration and do not require<br />
any changes to the hardware. Example: Regrouping of luminaires<br />
in a large office building<br />
• Simple integration of new components – if an existing illumination<br />
system is to be extended, new components can be added anywhere<br />
within the system. Attention must be paid here to adequate<br />
dimensioning of the system supply<br />
• Polarity freedom of the interface<br />
2.9 Characteristics of the 1…10 V interface<br />
Note:<br />
This chapter is based on OSRAM ECGs types QTi DIM and HF DIM,<br />
abbreviated to OSRAM DIM ECGs in the following<br />
• Control is carried out via a fail-safe DC signal of 10 V (maximum<br />
brightness; control line open) to 1 V (minimum brightness; control<br />
line shorted)<br />
• The control power is generated by the ECG (max. current: 0.6 mA<br />
per ECG)<br />
• The voltage on the control line is voltage-insulated from the mains<br />
line (basic insulation), but there is no safety extra-low voltage<br />
(SELV)<br />
• ECGs in different phases can be dimmed by the same controller<br />
26
Note:<br />
Due to the characteristics of the 1…10 V interface, the following must<br />
be noted:<br />
• All control lines of an ECG installation must be connected with the<br />
right polarity (+/-)<br />
• The control line is voltage-insulated from the mains line but there is<br />
no safety extra-low voltage (SELV). Therefore, cables and terminals<br />
that are approved for supply voltage 230V must be used for the<br />
installation<br />
• The control voltage is simple to limit upwards or downwards with<br />
resistors; several control units can be combined with one another<br />
• The correct function of the ECG can be tested as follows:<br />
• Switch-on of the ECG with open control line. The lamp must<br />
ignite and burn with max. luminous flux<br />
• Switch-on of the ECG with shorted control line (wire jumper).<br />
The lamp must burn with min. luminous flux<br />
• Each OSRAM DIM ECG can be used as a normally non-dimmable<br />
ECG if there is no control unit connected to the control line<br />
• The dimmable ECGs are only dimmed via the 1…10 V interface<br />
and switched via the mains line<br />
• The maximum load capacity of the control unit (switched output<br />
and 1…10 V output) must be heeded<br />
• The connected control unit must always be able to handle the current<br />
supplied in the control line by the ECG (current sink) and to<br />
reduce the control voltage. This precept is fulfilled by accordingly<br />
dimensioned potentiometers as well as by all OSRAM control<br />
components. Normal power supplies, converter boards etc. do not<br />
necessarily have this characteristic! To check, connect the control<br />
unit, set to the lowest brightness and measure the voltage on the<br />
control line. The set value is 1V or less<br />
• OSRAM DIM ECGs cannot be dimmed via the mains line (e.g. with<br />
phase control mode, round control pulses etc.)<br />
27
2.9.1 The 1…10 V dimming curve<br />
The 1…10 V interface is defined in IEC 60929. In the control voltage<br />
range of 3 V to 10 V there is a largely linear relationship to the relative<br />
luminous flux. In the 1…10 V interface, a logarithmic response<br />
(like the <strong>DALI</strong> units) is adjusted by a logarithmic potentiometer.<br />
luminous flux in %<br />
Control voltage in V<br />
Figure 14: The 1…10 V characteristic: Luminous flux against control<br />
voltage<br />
The control current in the 1…10 V interface drops with increasing<br />
control voltage. Unlike the <strong>DALI</strong> interface, this does not therefore remain<br />
constant.<br />
Control current<br />
Control voltage [V]<br />
Figure 15: Decreasing control current with increasing control voltage<br />
28
3 Additional characteristics of<br />
dimmable electronic control<br />
gears from OSRAM 9<br />
3.1 OSRAM <strong>DALI</strong>/1…10 V ECG: Added-value through intelligent features<br />
• Automatic lamp detection through intelligent multi-lamp operation<br />
(reduction of the ECG type variety)<br />
Lamps of the same length and different powers can be operated<br />
on an ECG. Furthermore, there are special approvals for specific<br />
ECG lamp combinations 10<br />
• Dimming range to 1 % of the rated luminous flux (3 % in CFL)<br />
• Ignition of the lamp at an ambient temperature of -25 °C<br />
• Optimized lamp warm start within 0.6 s [including HF DIM]<br />
• Temperature-dependent “cut-off” at dimmer settings > 80 %<br />
Shutdown of the filament heating at dimmer settings > 80 % prevents<br />
a permanent heating current through the lamp electrodes<br />
during operation. This reduces the filament loading and the power<br />
loss by approx. 2W<br />
• Power reduction by the ECG at excessively high ambient temperatures<br />
in order to protect the electronics ! Can be used in very<br />
close, hot luminaires (operating life, increased light yield, simplified<br />
safety approval)<br />
• High T c<br />
point values (T c<br />
< 80 °C) enable operation at high ambient<br />
temperatures (T a<br />
values)<br />
• Stable dimming operation also in amalgam lamps (CFL (IN) and<br />
OSRAM T5 CONSTANT lamps) ! particularly suitable for use in<br />
areas with low ambient temperatures (e.g. cool rooms, outdoors):<br />
relative luminous flux > 90 % from 0 °C to 70 °C<br />
• Intelligent power control upon detecting instabilities in the lamp circuit<br />
(amalgam lamp start) – protects lamp/ECG<br />
• Permanent Heat Mode (PHM) for lighting effects (permanent filament<br />
heating, switch-on of the continuous lamp pre-heating by<br />
digital command, not <strong>DALI</strong> standard): The PHM ensures that, at<br />
a light value = 0 (switched off lamp(s)), the lamp electrodes are already<br />
heated. A delay-free lamp start is therefore possible<br />
• > 1 s on/off switching cycle in the PHM ! No restrictions<br />
• 0.5 s < t < 1 s on/off switching cycle in the PHM ! 30 k<br />
switching actions with T5, 100k switching actions with T8<br />
• < 0.5 s on/off switching cycle in the PHM ! 15 k switching<br />
actions with T5, 50k switching actions with T8<br />
• Optimized filament heating and lamp operation at mains undervoltage<br />
(no damage to the lamps)<br />
9<br />
Applies to OSRAM QUICKTRONIC Intelligent (QTi) <strong>DALI</strong>/DIM ECGs, exceptions<br />
given in […]<br />
10<br />
Special releases for QTi <strong>DALI</strong>/DIM and HF DIM types of the ECG lamp<br />
29
• EoL shutdown after Test 2<br />
Asymmetric power test for detecting defective lamp electrodes or<br />
high-impedance lamp paths due to leaks in the glass tube<br />
• Chip ID (CIN = Chip Identification Number, serial number) for simple<br />
system installation ! OSRAM <strong>DALI</strong> Luminaire Tool (DLT): Address<br />
assignment via CIN possible<br />
• EEPROM for backing up settings/parameters even if the mains<br />
supply fails<br />
• Lamp replacement without mains reset (automatic lamp reactivation<br />
after lamp replacement) [including HF DIM]<br />
• DC operation in the input voltage range of 154-276V/lamp start<br />
above 198V [including HF DIM]<br />
• Optimized radio interference suppression: Maintaining the requisite<br />
EMC thresholds with a comfortable safety margin for ease of luminaire<br />
installation [including HF DIM]<br />
• <strong>DALI</strong> standard acc. to IEC 62386 -101/-102/-201<br />
• 1…10 V standard acc. to IEC 60929<br />
3.2 OSRAM <strong>DALI</strong> ECGs and TouchDIM interface<br />
To realize light controllers as economically as possible, the <strong>DALI</strong> ECGs<br />
from OSRAM also have the integrated TouchDIM function 11 . It is therefore<br />
possible to dim and switch <strong>DALI</strong> ECGs directly with mains voltage<br />
on the <strong>DALI</strong> control terminals (TouchDIM Interface = TDI). Only<br />
one commercially available switch is required, the ECG assumes the<br />
control function.<br />
The changeover between both operating modes – TouchDIM or<br />
<strong>DALI</strong> operation – can only be realized after mains voltage. Hence, it is<br />
not possible to switch between the operating modes via an integrated<br />
safety mechanism during operation. Switching between both operating<br />
modes can take place as often as necessary. TouchDIM must<br />
never be used at the same time with a <strong>DALI</strong> control system.<br />
TouchDIM offens all the functions of a comfort dimmer:<br />
• Soft starting of the lamp (lamp starting at the lowest dimmer setting<br />
(1 % (3 %), lowest luminous flux)<br />
• Short press: On/Off<br />
• Long press: Dimming<br />
• Memory function (light value stored by double-clicking)<br />
• All settings are remained even after a power outage<br />
11<br />
TouchDim is not part of the <strong>DALI</strong> standard<br />
30
3.2.1 Wiring and line compensation<br />
• The line lengths between buttons and the farthest away <strong>DALI</strong> ECG<br />
should not be longer than 25 meters. Where line lengths over<br />
25 meters are required, compensation methods (bell transformer,<br />
resistor) must be used<br />
• Do not use more than 6 <strong>DALI</strong> ECGs in one TouchDIM application<br />
(up to 6 ECG can be controlled by one switch, the number<br />
of operating points is limited to 2)<br />
• Different lamp families should not be mixed because of the<br />
different preheating times (e.g. HO lamps (500 ms starting time) vs.<br />
HE lamps (700 ms starting time)<br />
• If more than one operating point is required, a maximum of 2 buttons<br />
per TouchDIM application can be switched in parallel<br />
• The TouchDIM wiring must be rated for mains voltage (230 V)<br />
L 3<br />
L 2<br />
L 1<br />
N<br />
P E<br />
~<br />
~<br />
D A<br />
D A<br />
<strong>DALI</strong> ECG<br />
<strong>DALI</strong> ECG with TouchDim<br />
function<br />
1<br />
2<br />
3<br />
4<br />
L a m p<br />
Control button<br />
~<br />
~<br />
D A<br />
D A<br />
<strong>DALI</strong> ECG<br />
<strong>DALI</strong> ECG with TouchDim<br />
function<br />
1<br />
2<br />
3<br />
4<br />
L a m p<br />
~<br />
~<br />
D A<br />
D A<br />
<strong>DALI</strong> ECG<br />
<strong>DALI</strong> ECG with TouchDim<br />
function<br />
1<br />
2<br />
3<br />
4<br />
L a m p<br />
T<br />
P E<br />
N<br />
L 1<br />
L 2 L 3<br />
Figure 16: Operation via buttons. Another button can be connected<br />
in parallel to the first one. Up to 6 ECGs can be controlled by one<br />
switch, the number of operating points is limited to 2.<br />
31
Note:<br />
• Only use switches without control lamp and with 230 V normallyclosed<br />
contact as the permanent current through the glow lamp<br />
can lead to malfunctions<br />
• TouchDIM is not part of the <strong>DALI</strong> standard (IEC 62386), but rather<br />
an additional OSRAM function<br />
3.2.2 Operating parameters for TouchDIM<br />
To operate the TouchDIM, AC voltages of 10…230 V (RMS) at<br />
a frequency of 46…66 Hz can be used – there is no DC voltage<br />
allowed.<br />
3.2.3 Compensation of interferences<br />
A control transformer which complies to the following figures and values<br />
must be used with a total line length from the switch to the ECG of<br />
25 m to 100 m in order to prevent interference (e.g. through capacitive<br />
induction):<br />
Primary 230 V/Secondary 12 V, transformer rating required: 25 mW<br />
per connected ECG (i.e. 150 mW with 6 ECGs 2 mA control current<br />
per ECG)<br />
L<br />
N<br />
PE<br />
Button<br />
Installation line<br />
~<br />
~<br />
DA<br />
DA<br />
<strong>DALI</strong> ECG<br />
12 V Transformer<br />
Min. power: 25 mW x no. of ECGs<br />
Figure 17: Control transformer for compensation close to the ECG<br />
(e. g. in a luminaire)<br />
L<br />
N<br />
PE<br />
Button<br />
Installation line<br />
~<br />
~<br />
DA<br />
DA<br />
<strong>DALI</strong> ECG<br />
12 V Transformer<br />
Min. power: 25 mW x no. of ECGs<br />
Figure 18: Control transformer close to the switch (e.g. in the subdistributor<br />
or in a flush-mounted socket)<br />
32
The option of connecting a conventional resistor is also available<br />
(150 kΩ, 1 W) for compensating interferences (damping of the line)<br />
between the phase and neutral conductor. The resistor can also remain<br />
in the control line during <strong>DALI</strong> operation which is not affected<br />
(< 2 mW power loss).<br />
L<br />
N<br />
Max. 50 m total line length for compensation<br />
of the connection cable<br />
R: 150kOhm, 1W<br />
Figure 19: Compensation of the connection line by a resistor (150 kΩ,<br />
1 W) 12<br />
3.2.4 TouchDIM operation<br />
• Switching the lamp on/off: Short button press (< 0.5 s)<br />
• Dimming: Long button press (> 0.5 s), (dimming direction changes<br />
each time the button is pressed)<br />
• Save the reference value in the switched-on condition: "Doubleclick“<br />
(press briefly 2 x within 0.4 s)<br />
• Delete reference value: Double-click with the lamp switched off<br />
(ECG starts with 100 % luminous flux when switched on again)<br />
Note:<br />
Long button press with the lamp switched off: Lamp is switched on at<br />
the minimum dimmer setting and, hence, remains highly dimmed until<br />
the switch is released.<br />
3.2.5 Operating modes with TouchDIM<br />
With the QTi <strong>DALI</strong>, OSRAM offers two modes for TouchDIM that differ<br />
in switch-on behavior (this refers to the software-controlled switching<br />
on/off and not to the switching off of the voltage supply):<br />
Mode 1:<br />
The electronic control gear switches with the last dimming value that<br />
it had before being switched off. The following applies:<br />
Short press: Switching<br />
Long press: Dimming/Switching on at minimum dimmer setting<br />
12<br />
For example: Vishay Beyschlag: MBA/SMA 0204, MBB/SMA 0207, MBE/SMA<br />
0414 - Professional<br />
33
Mode 2:<br />
The electronic control gear switches on with the dimming value (preset<br />
value) last stored by double-clicking. The following applies:<br />
Short press: Switching<br />
Long press: Dimming/Switching on at minimum dimmer setting<br />
The following figure shows the options of both operating modes to the<br />
user:<br />
Mode 1 Mode 2<br />
LP<br />
DC<br />
LP<br />
On<br />
On<br />
DC<br />
LP DC SP SP<br />
DC<br />
LP SP SP<br />
Off<br />
Off<br />
SP = Short Push<br />
LP = Long Push<br />
DC = Double Click<br />
Figure 20: Operating modes and operating combinations by button<br />
34
The following table once again explains the behavior of the ECG for<br />
different switching actions:<br />
Action<br />
Short press<br />
(status: switched off)<br />
Short press<br />
(status: switched on)<br />
Long press<br />
(status: switched off)<br />
Long press<br />
(status: switched on)<br />
Double-click<br />
(status: switched off)<br />
Double-click<br />
(status: switched on & dimming<br />
in the last 3 s)<br />
Double-click<br />
(status: switched on & no<br />
dimming in the last 3 s)<br />
TouchDIM<br />
TDI Mode I: switches on to last value before<br />
switch-off<br />
TDI Mode II: switches on to last double-click<br />
value<br />
Switch-off and store value for next switch-on in<br />
TDI Mode I<br />
Switch on and fade from min upwards<br />
Dimming as long as button is pressed<br />
Dimming fades upwards or downwards (depending<br />
on pending toggle or logic function)<br />
Swap to TDI Mode I ( = auto memory of the<br />
switch-on value), confirmation: switch-on and<br />
dimming to maximum brightness<br />
Swap to TDI Mode II (switch-on value = doubleclick<br />
value), confirmation: flashing and dimming<br />
to double-click value<br />
Holiday mode; only in combination with LMS<br />
sensors (see www.osram.com/ecg-lms)<br />
Power failure<br />
(status switched off)<br />
Power failure<br />
(status switched on)<br />
Remains switched off<br />
Switches on to …<br />
TDI Mode I : last value before power outage<br />
TDI Mode II : last value before power outage<br />
Table 4: Behavior of the ECG for different switching actions, TDI =<br />
TouchDIM interface<br />
35
3.2.6 Asynchronism/Automation of the system<br />
The increased use of <strong>DALI</strong> ECGs in button operation shows again and<br />
again that in systems with<br />
• not completely sinusoidal supply voltage (e.g. electronic dimmer on<br />
the same mains supply),<br />
• excessively long line lengths or<br />
• high <strong>DALI</strong> ECG count (more than 6 ECGs per TouchDIM application)<br />
increasing results in asynchronism of the connected <strong>DALI</strong> ECGs. To<br />
consistently prevent asynchronously running lighting systems in practice,<br />
the permissible number of <strong>DALI</strong> ECGs is limited to 6 units.<br />
3.2.6.1 Prevention/Remedying of asynchronism<br />
With the aid of the <strong>DALI</strong> repeater that is described in more detail in the<br />
context of the LMS (Light Management Systems) portfolio (see<br />
www.osram.com/ecg-lms), up to 64 ECGs can easily be operated in<br />
the TouchDIM function without having to be concerned about asynchronism.<br />
Without the repeater, the TouchDIM application is however<br />
only restricted to floor-standing luminaires or small offices.<br />
3.2.6.2 Synchronization<br />
For physical reasons a TouchDIM can work asynchronously, i.e. the<br />
switching status and dimming direction of the separate luminaires are<br />
different. The following steps help in the synchronization of a Touch-<br />
DIM system:<br />
1st. step: Longpress (> 0.5 s)<br />
! All luminaires switch on<br />
2nd. step: Shortpress (< 0.5 s)<br />
! All luminaires switch off<br />
3rd. step: Longpress (> 0.5 s)<br />
! All luminaires switch on and dim<br />
4th. step: Double-click<br />
! Save dimmer setting (if required)<br />
After these four steps – long–short–long–double-click – the ECGs<br />
again behave synchronously.<br />
Note:<br />
TouchDIM was developed for manual control and is not suitable for<br />
automation, e.g. for connecting to a PLC.<br />
36
3.2.7 Behavior after mains voltage failure<br />
If the luminaire is disconnected from the mains, the ECG saves all<br />
set values. If the light value has been changed before being switched<br />
off, this value is restored, i.e. after a voltage loss, exactly the last<br />
status is reestablished (instant switch-on to the previous present<br />
luminous flux, no "intermediate path" above 100 % luminous flux and<br />
subsequent dimming). All settings (dimming values, lamp on/off,…)<br />
also remain intact with a prolonged mains voltage failure. By doubleclicking,<br />
the stored reference value also remains in the ECG after a<br />
power failure and can, if required, be called up again with the luminaire<br />
on/off. If the luminaire was switched off at power failure, it also remains<br />
off when the mains voltage is restored. For this reason, operation in<br />
the TouchDIM mode is not suitable for centrally supplied emergency<br />
lighting applications.<br />
3.3 OSRAM <strong>DALI</strong> ECGs in emergency lighting applications<br />
Due to the variety of emergency lighting control systems and applications,<br />
this topic cannot be described in detail in this primer.<br />
The integration and testing of the complete emergency lighting system<br />
acc. to VDE 0108 must always be conducted by the persons responsible<br />
for the overall system as the ECG is only one element of the<br />
overall system. The VDE 0108 is a system standard and not an ECG<br />
standard. There are special electronic control units on the market for<br />
local emergency lighting applications with battery integrated in the luminaire.<br />
The instructions described here for wiring and programming<br />
the <strong>DALI</strong> controllers are based exclusively on central battery applications<br />
and, hence, on standard <strong>DALI</strong> controllers (ECGs).<br />
QUICKTRONIC INTELLIGENT <strong>DALI</strong> ECGs are suitable for emergency<br />
lighting systems based on VDE 0108. All OSRAM <strong>DALI</strong> controllers detect<br />
emergency operation (system failure level) if there is an absence<br />
of voltage on the <strong>DALI</strong> input (16V DC in normal operation). This function<br />
is part of the <strong>DALI</strong> standard and is supported by all vendors.<br />
37
For emergency lighting/voltage loss 13 in the <strong>DALI</strong> controllers two values<br />
can be configured/programmed separately for each unit (e.g. using<br />
the OSRAM <strong>DALI</strong> Luminaire Tool DLT).<br />
• System failure level: Emergency operation (1…100 % light), detected<br />
by switching off the control line<br />
• Power on level: Light value after the mains voltage is restored<br />
(1…100 % light)<br />
The system failure level always has priority over the power on level,<br />
especially when switching over (in the event of a brief power outage,<br />
emergency operation is therefore ensured). The factory setting<br />
for both values is 100 % light.<br />
Typical data for the QUICKTRONIC INTELLIGENT <strong>DALI</strong> family important<br />
for emergency lighting systems are*:<br />
Starting time of the lamp (max.)<br />
Permissible voltage range (DC)<br />
Min. voltage for lamp start (DC)<br />
Permissible voltage range (AC)<br />
Mains frequency<br />
0.6 s<br />
154…276 V<br />
198 V<br />
198…264 V<br />
0, 50…60 Hz<br />
Table 5: OSRAM ECG data for emergency operation of the lighting<br />
system<br />
*Further technical data of the respective ECG type can be found in the<br />
corresponding datasheet or on our homepage at www.osram.com/qti.<br />
The <strong>DALI</strong> or dimming function of the QTi <strong>DALI</strong> … DIM is identical in AC<br />
and DC operation.<br />
13<br />
• During power outages < 200 ms, the light stays on (no light failure) because<br />
the ECGs are not preheated again.<br />
• During power outages > 200 ms, the ECGs go through the entire preheating<br />
cycle. The following applies to the QTi <strong>DALI</strong>/DIM and HF DIM family: The<br />
starting time in HO lamps is 0.5 s and in HE lamps it is 0.7 s. <strong>DALI</strong> ECGs<br />
require an additional 0.5 s for initialization<br />
38
The use of OSRAM <strong>DALI</strong> electronic control gear in emergency lighting<br />
management is explained in the following.<br />
General UV lighting<br />
L<br />
N<br />
Phase<br />
control<br />
L<br />
N<br />
IN<br />
IN<br />
<strong>DALI</strong><br />
controller<br />
D<br />
D<br />
3<br />
General luminaire lighting<br />
~<br />
~<br />
DA<br />
DA<br />
OSRAM<br />
<strong>DALI</strong><br />
ECG<br />
4<br />
1<br />
2<br />
3<br />
4<br />
X .<br />
Dimming<br />
button<br />
L<br />
ZB-S<br />
U<br />
U<br />
0<br />
0<br />
2<br />
Monitoring module<br />
D1<br />
D2<br />
OSRAM<br />
D1<br />
max. 1m<br />
D2<br />
~<br />
~<br />
DA<br />
DA<br />
Emergency luminaire lighting<br />
1<br />
2<br />
<strong>DALI</strong><br />
ECG 1<br />
3<br />
4<br />
X .<br />
From HV<br />
N<br />
Central battery system<br />
Figure 21: Circuit example of the monitoring module and OSRAM<br />
<strong>DALI</strong> ECGs in emergency lighting management<br />
The monitoring module (2) enables individual monitoring and control<br />
of the <strong>DALI</strong> ECGs (1).<br />
The following applies for normal operation:<br />
The OSRAM <strong>DALI</strong> ECG (1) emergency lighting is supplied with AC<br />
voltage via the central battery system. All electronic control gear can<br />
be dimmed as usual and are controlled by the <strong>DALI</strong> controller (3).<br />
For maintenance functions (e.g. for servicing, caretaker switching) the<br />
OSRAM <strong>DALI</strong> ECG (1) emergency lighting can be switched to 100 %<br />
via the monitoring module (2), the commands of the <strong>DALI</strong> controller (3)<br />
(e.g. dimmer setting) are ignored.<br />
A difference is now made between two cases when switching the<br />
lighting system into emergency operation:<br />
3.3.1 Mains failure at the subdistributor (UV)<br />
In accordance with VDE 0108 when AC mains is present at the central<br />
battery system (CB) in emergency operation, the system must not be<br />
switched to battery but the security luminaires (1) must be switched to<br />
permanent light. The external <strong>DALI</strong> controller is ignored, the OSRAM<br />
<strong>DALI</strong> ECG (1) emergency lighting is dimmed to 100 % by the monitoring<br />
module (2) using a <strong>DALI</strong> instruction set.<br />
39
3.3.2 Mains failure at the main distributor (HV)<br />
The central battery system (CB) provides DC supply voltage. The external<br />
<strong>DALI</strong> controller (3) is ignored, the ECG is dimmed to a previously<br />
defined value by the monitoring module (1), which is DC compatible,<br />
via a <strong>DALI</strong> instruction set. The emergency lighting level is pre-specified.<br />
OSRAM <strong>DALI</strong> ECGs (1) can communicate <strong>DALI</strong> and, hence, be<br />
individually dimmed by applying a DC voltage supply.<br />
3.3.4 DC emergency operation of the lighting system without monitoring module<br />
The <strong>DALI</strong> controller (3) is switched off with switchover to the emergency<br />
operation of the lighting system. Through the absence of the<br />
<strong>DALI</strong> voltage (approx. 16V DC that is always present during normal<br />
operation on the terminals of the <strong>DALI</strong> controllers), the <strong>DALI</strong> controllers<br />
(4) detect that the "System Failure Level" must be set.<br />
Note:<br />
The "System Failure Level" has priority over the Power On Level, i.e.<br />
if the <strong>DALI</strong> voltage is absent when applying the supply voltage to the<br />
ECG, the System Failure Level will be set.<br />
The "System Failure Level" can be configured individually for each<br />
ECG – from 0…100 % light.<br />
3.3.5 QTi <strong>DALI</strong>: Benefits in emergency lighting applications<br />
• Unrestricted <strong>DALI</strong> communication to the ECG even in emergency<br />
operation of the lighting system<br />
• The luminous flux factor can be freely adjusted during battery<br />
operation and, hence, matched to the illumination situation<br />
• Efficient utilization of the battery capacity through reduced luminous<br />
flux maintenance<br />
• Simple installation in the luminaire<br />
• Use of <strong>DALI</strong> ECGs as emergency lighting ECGs with unrestricted<br />
luminance flux reduction also possible without bus<br />
3.4 OSRAM <strong>DALI</strong> LUMINAIRE TOOL (DLT)<br />
The OSRAM <strong>DALI</strong> LUMINAIRE TOOL (OSRAM DLT) is a testing and<br />
programming tool for luminaries with <strong>DALI</strong> controllers. All functions<br />
(except for the individual OSRAM serial number Chip Identification<br />
Number (CIN)) correspond to the <strong>DALI</strong> standard and are hence vendor-independent.<br />
40
The functions of the OSRAM DLT are:<br />
• Luminaire function test (for production)<br />
• Reading of all <strong>DALI</strong> parameters (e.g. in the event of complaints)<br />
• Preprogramming of all <strong>DALI</strong> parameters (e.g. for projects)<br />
• Reading and printing of the unique OSRAM operating unit address<br />
(OSRAM-ID ! CIN (Chip Identification Number)) of each<br />
QUICKTRONIC INTELLIGENT ECG and printing on barcode<br />
(128-bit) for simplified system commissioning<br />
o Placing the label on the luminaire<br />
o Max. 4 ECGs in a luminaire<br />
o Purpose/Advantage<br />
- Simplified installation of a <strong>DALI</strong> system (no flashing, start-up<br />
from outside)<br />
- No predefined position of the luminaire (position defined with<br />
ID in the luminaire plan)<br />
- System integrator: Assignment of the ID to the position<br />
Figure 22: Reading and printing of the unique OSRAM control unit<br />
address on barcode<br />
The following section of the software interface shows the <strong>DALI</strong> parameters<br />
that can be configured by the DLT. Special attention is drawn<br />
here to the "System Failure Level" and "Power On Level" which come<br />
into play for use in emergency lighting systems:<br />
41
Figure 23: <strong>DALI</strong> parameters that can be changed by the DLT<br />
3.5 Basic switching actions of 1…10 V control gear<br />
The simplest type of light control can be realized via an appropriate<br />
logarithmically-dimensioned potentiometer (available from the electrical<br />
trade). Because the control power of the OSRAM DIM ECG is<br />
generated by the ECG itself, the resistance value is dependent on the<br />
number n of the connected ECG. It can be calculated according to<br />
the formula:<br />
100 kΩ<br />
log<br />
R Poti<br />
=<br />
n<br />
If the calculated value is not contained in the resistance table, a similar<br />
value should be selected as otherwise full modulation of the lamps is<br />
not possible (this overdimensioning may possibly lead to the fact that<br />
the whole rotation angle of the potentiometer for the brightness control<br />
cannot be used). The potentiometer must be designed for at least<br />
a power of P Potentiometer<br />
= 2.8 mW · n.<br />
A mains switch is also required for switching the lighting system. When<br />
connecting the potentiometer, it is important to note that the full lighting<br />
level is reached by turning to the right. When connecting more<br />
than 2 OSRAM DIM ECGs, it is recommended to use a DIM MCU<br />
manual control. Detailed information on this can be found in the relevant<br />
documentation (LMS portfolio, see www.osram.com/ecg-lms).<br />
42
The following figure illustrates control via a potentiometer:<br />
N<br />
L<br />
DIMM-ECG<br />
1<br />
2<br />
3<br />
4<br />
Lamp<br />
On/Off<br />
switch<br />
N<br />
L<br />
–<br />
+<br />
N<br />
L<br />
–<br />
+<br />
DIMM-ECG<br />
1<br />
2<br />
3<br />
4<br />
Lamp<br />
Potentiometer<br />
R =<br />
100 kΩ log.<br />
n<br />
L N – +<br />
n: Number of connected ECGs<br />
N<br />
L<br />
DIMM-ECG<br />
1<br />
2<br />
3<br />
–<br />
+ 4<br />
Lamp<br />
Figure 24: Potentiometer control of the 1…10 V interface<br />
3.5.1 1…10 V: Staircase operating modes<br />
As a basic principle, frequent switching is not ideal for fluorescent<br />
lamps and compact fluorescent lamps. Hence, bulbs are<br />
still used in applications with extremely high switching frequency<br />
despite the high energy consumption. In staircase operation,<br />
OSRAM DIM ECGs dim the light (1 % luminous flux) when it is not<br />
required. This avoids unnecessary switching operations and saves<br />
energy. Further benefits of the staircase circuit: Because the light is<br />
not completely switched off, a certain amount of light still remains<br />
available as an orientation light. When needed, the full light is immediately<br />
present, without having to wait for a preheating period.<br />
Typical applications of the standby circuit are all applications with high<br />
operating cycles, such as staircase, hallway or underground carpark,<br />
especially when the light is controlled with motion detectors or<br />
timer switch.<br />
3.5.1.1 Applications<br />
a) Stairwell lighting timer switch<br />
Here a special stairwell lighting timer switch (e.g. Siemens: Type 5TT1<br />
303, see Siemens Catalog) provides the readiness switching of the<br />
OSRAM DIM ECG. Functionality: The stairlight timer switch switches<br />
on the OSRAM DIM ECG at the push of a button (100 % light). After<br />
max. 10 min (time can be adjusted) the light is lowered to a preselected<br />
level without intermediate stages. After a total of 30 min it is<br />
switched off entirely. This 30-min cycle can be restarted at any time<br />
by pressing a switch. Thus, the lamp-protecting mode is employed<br />
in the evening hours when the staircase is used more frequently. The<br />
light only switches between the dimmer settings, real switchings are<br />
infrequent. At night, when the stairwell lighting is not required for prolonged<br />
periods, the remaining 13 % energy consumption are also still<br />
stored at the lowest dimmer setting.<br />
43
Figure 25: Stairwell lighting timer switch<br />
b) Stairwell lighting timer switch and motion detector<br />
Because the button engages the line voltage (L), it can be replaced by<br />
a motion detector. Parallel switching with the switch is also possible.<br />
Because the switch-on time is set on the stairwell lighting time switch,<br />
the switch-on time of the motion detector can be set to a minimum.<br />
Figure 26: Stairwell lighting timer switch and motion detector<br />
44
3.5.1.2 Control via analog output<br />
The external control with an analog output 0…10 V (e.g. PC card)<br />
is basically possible. This control module must be capable of taking<br />
the current supplied by the ECG in the control line and of reducing<br />
the control voltage to at least 1 V. For that reason, however, the analog<br />
output must fulfill two requirements: It must be potential-free and<br />
may not therefore be connected galvanically with touchable parts or<br />
circuits that are subject to SELV requirements (test voltage 2500 V,<br />
the test voltage to grounded parts is 1500 V). The analog output can<br />
operate as a current sink because it must take the control current of<br />
the OSRAM DIM ECG. Mostly, it is not known whether and how much<br />
current an analog output can take but assistance can always be provided<br />
by an interface circuit.<br />
3.5.1.3 Interface circuit<br />
In the case of up to three OSRAM DIM ECGs, it is recommended to<br />
connect the control inputs of the ECG directly with the analog output<br />
(e.g. PC card) and, in the case of four and more OSRAM DIM ECGs,<br />
to interconnect a signal amplifier. Then start up the system, set the<br />
control voltage to 0 V and check with a multimeter directly at the analog<br />
output. If the measured value is less than 1 V, the situation is okay<br />
and the system can be started. If the control voltage here is greater<br />
than 1 V, the analog output cannot take enough current and an additional<br />
current sink is required in the form of a parallel switched resistor<br />
R. The required value is determined as follows: At a default control<br />
voltage of 0 V, a potentiometer (approx. 5 kΩ linear) is also set on the<br />
analog output and a 1 V control voltage set with it. Disconnect the potentiometer<br />
and measure the resistance value (must be greater than<br />
680 Ω), provide and connect corresponding fixed resistor (construction<br />
form 0207, power rating 0.25 W, possibly next smaller resistance<br />
value).<br />
Analog output,<br />
e.g. PC<br />
+<br />
–<br />
R<br />
+<br />
In<br />
–<br />
DIM SA<br />
signal<br />
amplifier<br />
+<br />
Out<br />
–<br />
+<br />
–<br />
Dimm-ECG<br />
if necessary<br />
Figure 27: Control via PC<br />
45
3.5.1.4 Control via instabus EIB<br />
Dimmable ECG with 1…10 V interface can be easily integrated in<br />
installations with the instabus EIB building control system. The link between<br />
EIB and the dimmable lighting system is a switching/dimming<br />
actuator. A switching/dimming actuator is required for each lighting<br />
group. The digital bus signal is converted by the switching/dimming<br />
actuator into the analog 1…10 V control voltage for OSRAM DIM<br />
ECGs. The ECG is switched on/off by an integrated relay contact.<br />
Different functions can be parameterized: on, off, brighter, darker, as<br />
well as a default defined control voltage. Sensors for daylight control<br />
etc. are normally connected at the instabus level. Detailed information<br />
is available from manufacturers of the instabus EIB.<br />
3.6 Special wiring diagrams, tips and tricks<br />
3.6.1 Temperature-dependent control<br />
The recognized temperature problems in dimmed fluorescent lamps<br />
can be resolved by a temperature-dependent lower limit of the dimmer<br />
setting.<br />
The latest generation of the QTi DIM (as of the end of 2008) does this<br />
automatically. For older versions, the following implementation applies:<br />
The stability threshold (stable dimming operation at low temperatures<br />
(< 10 °C)) depends greatly on the lamp tolerances. In control types<br />
where the lamp starts at 100 % (e.g. stairwell switching), the temperature<br />
limit can be lower. Therefore, in an automatic control both the<br />
response temperature and the control voltage should be adjustable.<br />
The following circuit is recommended:<br />
+<br />
+<br />
Temperature<br />
controller<br />
1<br />
–<br />
+<br />
Main control unit<br />
2<br />
–<br />
Aux. control unit<br />
approx. 4V, e.g. DIM MCU<br />
–<br />
Figure 28: Temperature-dependent control<br />
46
The temperature controller can be a room temperature controller for<br />
heating control, for example. The switching temperature (e.g. 0 °C)<br />
should be as precisely adjustable as possible. The switch must be a<br />
closer, i.e. must be closed at high temperatures. Such appliances are<br />
offered with a bimetal contact (e.g. 2NR9 090-1, power supply not<br />
required) or with a temperature sensor (e.g. 2NR9 078, power supply<br />
required). Any existing heating resistors for thermal feedback (RF)<br />
or nighttime temperature reduction (NA) are not connected. The only<br />
power supply line is the possibly required power supply. Depending<br />
on the application, different protection types are necessary. Further<br />
details are available from specialist personnel for heating and air handling<br />
units.<br />
3.6.2 Limitation of the control voltage<br />
For certain applications, it is necessary to set an upper or lower limit<br />
of the control voltage for the OSRAM DIM ECGs. Reasons for this can<br />
include special lamp-ECG combinations and occurrence of flickering<br />
at lower temperatures, for example.<br />
a) Upper limit<br />
The simplest option of dealing with this is the parallel switching of a<br />
Zener diode with the corresponding value. For a limit of 7 V, for example,<br />
a Zener diode with the nominal value of 7 V or a value close to<br />
this must be used. (Zener diodes are available as the E24 series. The<br />
type Bzx 55C xVx is recommended. For example, for xVx a value of<br />
7V5 = 7.5 V must be taken. At least 20 ECGs can be controlled with<br />
this type.) As a general rule, for parallel switching of several control<br />
units the control unit with the lowest value applies as the default for<br />
the OSRAM DIM ECG. This applies for all passive control units, i.e.<br />
units that acts as a current sink.<br />
Control unit<br />
+<br />
–<br />
Zener diode<br />
+<br />
–<br />
DIMM-ECG<br />
+<br />
–<br />
DIMM-ECG<br />
– +<br />
Other ECGs<br />
Figure 29: Upper limit of the control voltage<br />
47
) Lower limit<br />
An effective lower limit can be realized by a series connection of 2<br />
control units. The sum of the two units is effective. With one unit,<br />
the default control voltage of the other unit cannot be undercut. Attention:<br />
In a series connection, two control units (e.g. DIM MCU) is<br />
the smallest achievable control voltage approx. 2 V (~= 4 % luminous<br />
flux) connections must be realized according to the diagram.<br />
Figure 30: Lower limit of the control voltage<br />
3.6.3 Line length of the 1…10 V control line<br />
The control line length is only limited by the drop in voltage. It can<br />
generally be said that a line length of 100 m is completely noncritical.<br />
For a more precise estimate, the following formula can be used:<br />
For example, with 1.5 mm², strip of luminaires, supply at the beginning:<br />
L max<br />
= 35 km/no. of ECGs<br />
= 350 m for 100 ECGs<br />
= 700 m for 50 ECGs<br />
Systems of any size can be realized with DIM SA signal amplifiers.<br />
3.6.4 1…10 V DIM ECG and emergency lighting<br />
QUICKTRONIC DIM is suitable for emergency lighting systems in accordance<br />
with VDE 0108. If QUICKTRONIC ® DIM are used in emergency<br />
lighting systems, the control line should be disconnected by<br />
suitable measures at the plus pole during emergency operation. Corresponding,<br />
simple-to-wire changeover converters that pass on a<br />
presettable control voltage to the OSRAM DIM ECG, thereby enabling<br />
battery-saving emergency lighting operation at less than 100 % luminous<br />
flux, are commercially available.<br />
48
Figure 31: Emergency lighting with 1…10 V DIM ECG<br />
It must be noted that some accessory components (e.g. DIM SA signal<br />
amplifiers) are not approved for battery operation. Therefore, it is<br />
important to make sure that these components are never connected<br />
to DC voltage. In this case the signal amplifier, for example, constitutes<br />
a fixed resistance that is connected to the control line. The dimmer<br />
setting of an ECG is then around 20 %, and accordingly higher<br />
for more than one.<br />
3.7 Terminals/Cable cross-sections/Wire stripping lengths<br />
For the combined terminals used in the QTi <strong>DALI</strong>/DIM for T5 and T8<br />
fluorescent lamps, both solid lines as well as flexible lines are permissible.<br />
The contacts of the terminal can be made at the top via a socalled<br />
insulation displacement contact and via a plug contact (wire<br />
stripping length 8.5-11 mm). Likewise for ECGs with push terminals<br />
(HF DIM, QTi T/E <strong>DALI</strong>/DIM), both solid lines (wire stripping length<br />
8.5-9.5 mm) and flexible lines are also permitted provided these are<br />
tinned, ultrasound welded or fitted with wire-end sleeves.<br />
49
3.7.1 Inserting and releasing the connection cables<br />
Manual cabling of the insulation piercing connection device (above)<br />
with the WAGO insertion tool, e.g. order number: 206-831<br />
Figure 32: Wago insertion tool<br />
Detachment of the contacts (below) with the WAGO 206-830<br />
extraction tool.<br />
1. Insert extraction tool into the line <strong>guide</strong> above the line<br />
2. Pull out line<br />
Figure 33: Wago extraction tool<br />
Alternatively, the plug contact can be released by simultaneous twisting<br />
and pulling.<br />
Release by twisting and pulling<br />
Release by twisting and pulling<br />
or with the aid of the extraction<br />
tool, order no. 0206-0830<br />
Figure 34: Removing the plug contact<br />
The wire stripping lengths and wire cross-sections are printed on the<br />
equipment.<br />
50
3.7.2 Cable cross sections<br />
Insulation displacement contact<br />
(IDC contact)<br />
Single-wire conductor<br />
Multi-wire conductor<br />
max. 0.5 mm ² max. 0.75 mm ²<br />
Plug contact 0.5…1.0 mm ² 0.5…1.0 mm ²<br />
(with wire-end sleeve)<br />
Push terminal 0.5…1.5 mm ² 0.5…1.5 mm ²<br />
(with wire-end sleeve)<br />
Table 6: Typical cable cross sections of plug and insulation displacement<br />
contacts<br />
3.7.3 Basic insulation<br />
IEC 61347 demands basic insulation between the control circuit and<br />
mains supply for control inputs. The <strong>DALI</strong> standard (IEC 62386) is<br />
related to this. Consequently, the <strong>DALI</strong> line is “only” basically insulated<br />
and must be treated like the mains voltage for this reason as is the<br />
1…10 V interface.<br />
3.7.4 Lamp holders<br />
The lamps must be mechanically secure and make contact in the<br />
lamp sockets. The holders must be selected according to the type of<br />
ECG/lamp used.<br />
3.7.5 Master/slave circuit<br />
(2-lamp ECG for the operation of 2 single luminaires) Master/slave operation<br />
with multilamp dimmers is not permitted. This is because of<br />
the capacitive leakage currents that can lead to imbalances, different<br />
luminances and unstable operation in the dimmed state (flickering).<br />
3.7.6 Minimum reflector gaps<br />
The reflector must never rest on the lamp, otherwise this can lead to<br />
vibrations and noise emissions. A minimum gap of 6 mm must be<br />
maintained between the lamp and the reflector in all luminaires. If the<br />
gap is less, this can lead to different brightnesses along the length of<br />
the lamp due to the capacitive leakage currents. Flickering can also<br />
occur.<br />
51
3.8 Temperature response of dimmable ECGs from OSRAM<br />
Permissible standard values for minimum ambient light temperatures:<br />
Lamp type<br />
Min. temperature<br />
at 1 % (3 % CFL)<br />
dimmer setting<br />
T8/26 mm lamp*** -20 °C* 1 %*<br />
T5/16 mm lamp*<br />
HE 14…35<br />
HO 49<br />
HO 24…80<br />
+10 °C 60 %****<br />
50 %<br />
30 %<br />
DULUX L* +10 °C 30 %<br />
DULUX D/E, T/E, FC +10 °C** 50 %<br />
Min. dimmer setting of<br />
-20 °C to +10 °C<br />
Table 7<br />
* Only with QTi…DIM ** 3…100 % *** L18 W, L36 W, L58 W, not<br />
L70 W ****; The critical point from which the maintaining voltage<br />
increases excessively for cold HO lamps lies just below the 30 % dimmer<br />
setting. For HE lamps, this point is reached at the same power<br />
density. Because of the 100 % power being approx. only half as<br />
high, the dimmer setting is 60 % here. The HO49 lies between HE<br />
14…35 W and HO 24…80 W/Dimming of the amalgam lamps T5 HO<br />
CONSTANT (24 W, 39 W, 54 W, 80 W), CFL (DL CONSTANT 40 W,<br />
55 W, 80 W and T/E IN PLUS 26 W, 32 W, 42 W, 57 W) is possible.<br />
The temperature range of the luminaires can be expanded downwards<br />
by raising the lowest dimmer setting until the light has reached<br />
a higher inner temperature, otherwise flickering or/and starting problems<br />
of the lamp can be expected. From the end of 2008 units do this<br />
automatically.<br />
3.8.1 Intelligent thermal management in hot luminaires<br />
Intelligent thermal management enables operation in a wide ambient<br />
temperature range through power reduction.<br />
From the generation at the end of 2008, the QTi (<strong>DALI</strong>)…DIM ECG<br />
from OSRAM include the feature of intelligent temperature regulation.<br />
Features<br />
• Notable increase in the light yield (lm/W) of hot luminaires<br />
• Virtually no loss of luminous flux (lm) compared with uncontrolled<br />
operation<br />
• No reduction in the service life of the ECG within the control range<br />
• Simplifies the safety approval of hot luminaires<br />
• Relieves luminaire components<br />
52
Note:<br />
• Limits the t c<br />
temperature to < 80 °C (depending on installation condition),<br />
but never switches the ECG due to excessive temperature<br />
• Thermally problematic luminaires do not necessarily become standard<br />
conformant devices, even with these ECGs<br />
• Power reduction is carried out up to 50 % of full load operation<br />
Functionality<br />
The ECG measures the ECG temperature once per minute. At the<br />
selected limiting temperature it begins to reduce the power in order to<br />
lower the temperature of the luminaire and to prevent the temperature<br />
of the ECG from increasing further. The T c<br />
temperature lies between<br />
75 °C and 80 °C depending on installation conditions (e.g. heat coupling<br />
into the ECG from top or bottom).<br />
A reduction of the system power by 10 %-20 % at an ambient temperature<br />
of 25 °C is sufficient in most cases even in hot luminaires,<br />
however, only approx. 1 %-2 % light is lost because the level of efficiency<br />
of the system increases.<br />
Dimming is always possible the temperature regulation may affect<br />
the upper dimming level only significantly.<br />
!<br />
The regulation of the lamp power compensates the loss of light<br />
output in hot luminaires.<br />
Tc temperature [°C]<br />
120<br />
110<br />
100<br />
90<br />
80<br />
70<br />
60<br />
50<br />
40<br />
30<br />
20<br />
10<br />
0<br />
thermal management without limitation of the temperature<br />
with thermal management<br />
Abscissa: Luminaire ambient temperature [°C]<br />
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55<br />
Figure 35: Dimmable QTi ECG from OSRAM keep their temperature<br />
at the T c<br />
measuring point constant within wide limits and<br />
thereby also the temperature in the luminaire. As a result, both the<br />
ECG and all other luminaire components are relieved.<br />
53
120<br />
110<br />
100<br />
Ta [°C] Tc [°C] Telko [°C] Licht [%] Pn [W]<br />
0 68 70 110 165 110 110<br />
5 90 73 75 115 165 115 115<br />
7,5 8075,5 77,5 116 165 116<br />
10 78 80 115,0 165,0 115,0 115,0 115<br />
70<br />
15 78 80 109,5 152,9 106,5 109,7 110<br />
20 60 78 80 104,0 140,7 98,1 104,4 105<br />
25 50 78 80 98,5 128,6 89,6 99,1 100<br />
30<br />
40<br />
78 80 92,9 116,5 81,2 93,8 95<br />
35 78 80 thermal management 87,4 104,3 without limitation 72,7 of the temperature 88,5 90<br />
40 30 78 80 with thermal management<br />
81,9 92,2 64,3 80,6 85<br />
45 20 78 80 76,4 80,1 55,8 71,8 80<br />
50<br />
10<br />
83 Abscissa: 85 Luminaire 71,4 ambient 80,1 temperature [°C] 55,8 66,8 75<br />
55 88 90 66,4 80,1 61,8<br />
Rel. output [%]<br />
0<br />
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55<br />
Figure 36: This is achieved by a reduction of the system power.<br />
Rel. luminous flux [%]<br />
120<br />
110<br />
100<br />
90<br />
80<br />
70<br />
60<br />
50<br />
40<br />
30<br />
20<br />
10<br />
0<br />
thermal management without limitation of the temperature<br />
with thermal management<br />
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55<br />
Figure 37: Even so the luminous flux of the luminaire hardly decreases<br />
because the level of efficiency of the system increases due<br />
to the temperature limitation.<br />
Rel. light output [%]<br />
140<br />
120<br />
100<br />
80<br />
60<br />
40<br />
20<br />
0<br />
Abscissa: Luminaire ambient temperature [°C]<br />
thermal management without limitation of the temperature<br />
with thermal management<br />
Abscissa: Luminaire ambient temperature [°C]<br />
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55<br />
Figure 38: The clear rise in the relative light output shows that the<br />
temperature limitation has a positive effect on the energy saving of<br />
hot luminaires.<br />
Measurements using an example of a narrow 2x80 W luminaire:<br />
The precise scaling depends on the type of luminaire and the installation<br />
conditions of the ECG.<br />
54
Why are the light losses so small due to the temperature limitation?<br />
Assuming a luminaire whose inside temperature (= lamp ambient<br />
temperature) is to be lowered from 65 °C to 55 °C. A reduction of<br />
the system power by 20 % is required for this. The diagram shows the<br />
Φ(T) curves of T5 lamps for 100 % and 80 % system power.<br />
During the transition from the 100 % curve to the 80 % curve and the<br />
lowering of the lamp ambient temperature by 10 °C, the luminous<br />
flux remains roughly the same.<br />
(T) curves of T5 lamps<br />
Relative luminous flux [%]<br />
120<br />
100<br />
80<br />
60<br />
40<br />
20<br />
temperature<br />
regulation<br />
100 % system power<br />
80 % system power<br />
0<br />
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80<br />
Lamp ambient temperature [°C]<br />
Figure 39: Temperature regulation and relative luminous flux<br />
QTi (<strong>DALI</strong>)…DIM never stop thinking: Instructions for the thermal<br />
coupling of lamp and ECG<br />
!<br />
Temperature limitation is control engineering in the classical sense<br />
and requires, therefore, a closed control loop: The lamps must be<br />
able to heat the ECG. This is ensured when the ECG and lamps are<br />
housed in the same luminaire space, separated by a reflector if necessary.<br />
If the ECG is mounted outside the luminaire, it cannot exploit the benefits<br />
of the thermal managment.<br />
55
3.8.2 Color temperature<br />
Between the maximum and minimum luminous flux of the lamp the<br />
color temperature of the lamp changes – in a DULUX L this is approx.<br />
150 Kelvin. Due to the great difference in luminance density, the color<br />
difference appears to be visually considerably greater. As a result, the<br />
subjective perception of the human eye does not reflect the objective<br />
color temperature change. Directly after changeover from maximum<br />
to minimum luminous flux, a temporary color displacement of up to<br />
400 Kelvin occurs (displacement to the red end that decreases after<br />
approx. 30-40 minutes to the color difference mentioned above (stabilization<br />
phase)).<br />
Figure 40: Color-phase diagram acc. to DIN 5033<br />
Note:<br />
Measurement of the most similar color temperature with greatly<br />
dimmed lamps places the highest demands on the electronics and<br />
receiver of the color measuring device. Incorrect valuations cannot be<br />
excluded with conventional color measuring devices.<br />
3.8.3 Outdoor applications<br />
For applications out of doors a special OSRAM housing, the<br />
“OUTKIT”, is available for protecting the ECG against humidity. It is<br />
available for ECGs with a headroom of 30 mm or even 21 mm, in the<br />
lengths of 360 mm and 423 mm. Details of this can be found in the<br />
current light program. For outdoor applications the temperature range<br />
of the system lamp-ECG should be examined in detail. In all outdoor<br />
applications attention must be paid to sufficient mains quality (above<br />
all, lightning protection) so that the ECGs are not damaged.<br />
56
3.8.4 Functional test of luminaires<br />
The dimmable QTi family from OSRAM (<strong>DALI</strong> and 1…10 V) gives in<br />
the luminaire test (with 10 Ω filaments) the following power per lamp:<br />
1-lamp/2-lamp (T5 and T8): 32 Watts<br />
3-lamp/4-lamp (T5 and T8): 16 Watts<br />
This function is independent of the deployment of the actual lamp.<br />
For special applications/luminaires, the filament detection can be<br />
switched off – details on request.<br />
If the end test of the luminaire is carried out in TouchDIM mode,<br />
note that the lamp must be dimmed to 100 % light before the disconnection<br />
of the luminaire from the mains supply . Only in this way is<br />
it ensured that the light can also be switched on with the protection<br />
(without control unit) (<strong>DALI</strong> standard) during installation of the luminaire.<br />
If the luminaire was switched off via TouchDIM the luminaire<br />
also remains off after a loss of voltage – the installer could mistakenly<br />
assume a defective ECG in this case.<br />
If the luminaire has mains voltage applied to it for the first time (without<br />
control unit), it must be switched on with 100 % luminous flux (= <strong>DALI</strong><br />
factory setting). The changeover of <strong>DALI</strong> to TouchDIM mode or vice<br />
versa, assumes a mains voltage failure of the ECG (safety interlock).<br />
3.9 Dimming of amalgam lamps<br />
Since the latest generation of OSRAM QTi <strong>DALI</strong>/DIM units from the<br />
end of 2008, amalgam lamps (provided with red stamping ink) can<br />
now also be dimmed without restriction.<br />
Features<br />
• Stable dimming operation down to 1 % (CFL 3 %)<br />
• Considerably more light in a wide ambient temperature range<br />
• 90 % luminous flux from 0 °C to +70 °C (temperature-dependent<br />
cut-off)<br />
• Reliable lamp ignition down to -20 °C<br />
• Power boost stabilizes discharges in the “pink-phase"<br />
• No service life reduction of lamp/ECG<br />
lamp/ECG combinations<br />
• T5: HO CONSTANT: 24 W, 39 W, 54 W, 80 W<br />
Dimming range 1…100 %<br />
• CFL: DULUX L CONSTANT 40 W, 55 W, 80 W<br />
Dimming range 1…100 %<br />
• CFL: DULUX T/E IN PLUS 26 W, 32 W, 42 W, 57 W<br />
Dimming range 3…100 %<br />
57
ECG<br />
Lamp<br />
T5 T5 T5 T5 CFL CFL CFL CFL CFL CFL CFL<br />
QTi <strong>DALI</strong> / QTi (1…10 V) 1x14/24 DIM<br />
x<br />
QTi <strong>DALI</strong> / QTi (1…10 V) 1x21/39 DIM x x<br />
QTi <strong>DALI</strong> / QTi (1…10 V) 1x28/54 DIM x x<br />
QTi <strong>DALI</strong> / QTi (1…10 V) 1x35/49/80 DIM x *)<br />
QTi <strong>DALI</strong> / QTi (1…10 V) 2x14/24 DIM<br />
x<br />
QTi <strong>DALI</strong> / QTi (1…10 V) 2x21/39 DIM x x<br />
QTi <strong>DALI</strong> / QTi (1…10 V) 2x28/54 DIM x x<br />
QTi <strong>DALI</strong> / QTi (1…10 V) 2x35/49/80 DIM x *)<br />
QTi <strong>DALI</strong> / QTi (1…10 V) 3x14/24 DIM<br />
x<br />
*) Not for flashing operation, dimming operation only possible within the scope of a<br />
special release<br />
Figure 41: ECG lamp combinations (amalgam lamps)<br />
HO 24 W CONSTANT<br />
QTi <strong>DALI</strong> / QTi (1…10 V) 4x14/24 DIM<br />
x<br />
QTi <strong>DALI</strong> / QTi (1…10 V) - T/E 1x18-57 DIM x x x x<br />
QTi <strong>DALI</strong> / QTi (1…10 V) - T/E 2x18-42 DIM x x x<br />
Functionality of QTi <strong>DALI</strong>/DIM: Power boost and amalgam<br />
lamps<br />
HO 39 W CONSTANT<br />
The amalgam releases just as much mercury as is required for the<br />
discharge and, as a result, considerably decreases the luminous flux<br />
at high or low temperatures. After a change of the operational mode,<br />
however, it takes a number of minutes until the mercury balance is<br />
discontinued again. If the lamp is switched off for a prolonged period<br />
– no discharge and no mercury requirement – the amalgam collects<br />
all the mercury. On a restart, therefore, there is initially a lack of<br />
mercury which can be detected by the "pink phase“.<br />
If the lamp is dimmed at the same time, its maintaining voltage can<br />
rise to non permitted values and the discharge can become instable.<br />
Here the power boost of the QTi <strong>DALI</strong>/DIM comes into play: It<br />
automatically increases the lamp power in order to lower the<br />
lamp voltage and to stabilize the discharge phase. Then when<br />
the amalgam has released enough mercury, the lamp power is automatically<br />
reduced again and the lamp can be dimmed normally.<br />
HO 54 W CONSTANT<br />
HO 80 W CONSTANT<br />
DL 40 W CONSTANT<br />
DL 55 W CONSTANT<br />
DL 80 W CONSTANT<br />
D T/E 26 W IN PLUS<br />
D T/E 32 W IN PLUS<br />
D T/E 42 W IN PLUS<br />
D T/E 57 W IN PLUS<br />
!<br />
Also in normal mercury lamps the power boost takes effect and<br />
simplifies dimming during the ignition phase of the lamps as well as for<br />
very low temperatures:<br />
When there are instabilities in the lower dimming level, the Power<br />
Boost regulation helps to stabilize the burning conditions.<br />
58
Power Boost HO24 CONSTANT<br />
10<br />
9<br />
8<br />
ECG power [W]<br />
Rel. luminous flux [%]<br />
7<br />
6<br />
5<br />
4<br />
3<br />
2<br />
1<br />
0<br />
-20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200<br />
Time [s]<br />
Figure 42: Power boost and lamp start with HO 24 W CONSTANT<br />
lamp<br />
Functionality of QTi <strong>DALI</strong>/DIM: Relative luminous flux > 90 %<br />
over an additional expanded temperature range from 0 °C to<br />
+70 °C<br />
Mercury T5 lamps reach their luminous flux optimum at an ambient<br />
temperature of 35 °C – but only if their mercury household is not<br />
influenced by additional electrode heating. The QTi <strong>DALI</strong>/DIM units,<br />
therefore, have a cut-off, i.e. the electrode heating is switched<br />
off when it is not needed.<br />
Neu! New!<br />
It can be shown that, at low ambient temperatures, amalgam lamps<br />
give off more light when the electrodes are heated somewhat.<br />
At high temperatures, however, this effect is reversed. The QTi <strong>DALI</strong>/<br />
DIM uses its internal temperature sensor in order to switch off<br />
the electrode heating at a sufficiently high temperature.<br />
This means a further increase of the luminous flux of cold amalgam<br />
lamps is achieved: The temperature at which the luminous flux<br />
falls below the 90 % line drops from +5 °C to 0 °C.<br />
59
(T) curves of T5 lamps<br />
100<br />
90<br />
Relative luminous flux [%]<br />
80<br />
70<br />
60<br />
50<br />
40<br />
30<br />
20<br />
10<br />
0<br />
-10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80<br />
Lamp ambient [°C]<br />
-- 90%<br />
-- T5 Standard<br />
-- T5 CONSTAN T<br />
-- T5 CONSTAN T<br />
of dimmable standard ECG<br />
of QTI <strong>DALI</strong>/DIM<br />
Figure 43: QTi <strong>DALI</strong>/DIM: More luminous flux over an expanded temperature<br />
range<br />
Lamp type<br />
Min.<br />
temperature at<br />
1 % (3 % CFL)<br />
dimmer setting<br />
Min.<br />
dimmer setting of -20 °C to<br />
+10 °C<br />
T5, CFL* +10 °C 30 %<br />
Table 8: *Amalgam lamps, T5 HO CONSTANT (24 W, 39 W, 54 W, 80 W),<br />
CFL (DL CONSTANT 40 W, 55 W, 80 W)<br />
Attention: For T/E IN PLUS 26 W, 32 W, 42 W, 57 W a dimmer setting<br />
of 50 % min. applies at -20 °C.<br />
3.9.1 Dynamic dimming procedures with amalgam lamps<br />
The frequency of dimmer setting changes is primarily limited by the<br />
inertia of the control input, a passage of the dimming range takes approx.<br />
200 ms for 1…10 V, and approx. 50 ms for <strong>DALI</strong>. Thus, rapid<br />
flashing blurs to a middle dimmer setting. At 10 Hz, this effect is already<br />
particularly visible at 1…10 V. No damage to the lamp is to be<br />
expected. A dimming process every 2 s is possible without any problem.<br />
60
3.9.2 Benefits of amalgam technology<br />
Note:<br />
Dimming of amalgam lamps is also suitable for outdoor applications.<br />
Sufficient attention should be paid that the ECG is protected against<br />
external influences (IP67).<br />
Figure 44: Relative luminous flux against ambient temperature in the<br />
luminaire of T5 standard and T5 HO CONSTANT lamps<br />
Figure 45: More light from new luminaires thanks to amalgam technology<br />
61
Note:<br />
• Amalgam and mercury lamps must never be mixed in multilamp<br />
ECGs because the power increase available in amalgam lamps<br />
would lead to a vigorous overshooting of the light in a mercury<br />
lamp. In addition, the synchronization in the lower dimming range<br />
would be poor.<br />
• No release: Dimming of a T5 amalgam lamp with predecessor<br />
units up to the end of 2008 (<strong>DALI</strong> and 1…10 V):<br />
• For dimmer settings below 30 %, the following applies:<br />
- Voltage peaks arise through unwanted controller oscillations 14<br />
- Unfavorable operating condition leads to lamp flickering and a<br />
reduction of the lamp service life<br />
• Recommendation: Dimming of amalgam lamps is possible,<br />
but this is not released by OSRAM. Burning-in of the lamps<br />
at 100 % luminous flux after each restart for approx.<br />
2-3 minutes, then dimming. In principle, however, dimming of<br />
T5 amalgam lamps with predecessor units is not recommended<br />
for the reasons mentioned above.<br />
14<br />
Oscillations – typically in the lower third of the dimming range – can develop<br />
when fluorescent bulbs with electronic control gear are dimmed, which are<br />
caused by the interaction of lamp characteristic, lamp time constants, resonant<br />
circuit and control.<br />
62
4 System energy consumption<br />
and dimmer setting<br />
Because there is a largely linear relationship between the power<br />
consumption of the <strong>DALI</strong>/DIM systems (lamp and ECG) and the dimmer<br />
setting, the power consumption PN(d) can be calculated for<br />
each dimmer setting d (in percent) from the values PN100 % (100 %<br />
nominal power, PN = Power Nominal) and PN1 % (nominal power of<br />
1 %) (depending on ECG lamp combination, available on request):<br />
PN100%<br />
PN1%<br />
PN( d)<br />
PN1%<br />
<br />
( d 1%)<br />
99%<br />
Energy consumption (system)<br />
100 %<br />
80 %<br />
50 %<br />
4-10 %<br />
(1/3 own consumption + 2/3 lamp heating)<br />
Additional savings<br />
Savings<br />
Consumption<br />
Reduction of the new<br />
value in acc. with EN12464<br />
1 % Luminous flux<br />
100 %<br />
Figure 46: Linear relationship, dimmer setting and energy consumption<br />
system<br />
63
5 Dimming of compact fluorescent<br />
lamps<br />
FC 22W<br />
DULUX T/E 18W<br />
DULUX T/E 26W (IN)<br />
FC 40 W<br />
DULUX D/E 26W<br />
DULUX T/E 32W<br />
(IN)<br />
DULUX T/E 42W<br />
(IN)<br />
DULUX D/E 18W<br />
DULUX T/E 57W<br />
(IN)<br />
Figure 47: Range of lamps with an ECG, www.osram.com/qti<br />
With the new CFL MULTI lamp ECGs, DULUX T/E 18 W as well as T/E<br />
57 W can be operated on one ECG. All 2-lamp downlights for 2x18,<br />
2x26, 2x32 and 2x42 W can be fitted with only one 2-lamp QTi DIM<br />
ECG.<br />
Optionally, with <strong>DALI</strong>/TouchDIM or TouchDIM Sensor interface can be<br />
ordered 15 . The user can continuously adjust the required lighting level<br />
by dimming.<br />
<strong>DALI</strong> MCU<br />
Remote switch<br />
without battery<br />
Radio receiver<br />
Figure 48: The QTi T/E <strong>DALI</strong> system<br />
15<br />
Operation with a 1…10 V interface is also possible (QTi-T/E 1x18-57 DIM and<br />
QTi-T/E 2x18-42 DIM)<br />
64
5.1 Unique features of the new OSRAM CFL ECG<br />
• Up to 12 lamp types can be operated on 1-lamp ECG<br />
DULUX D/E 18 W, DULUX T/E 18 W 2<br />
DULUX D/E 26 W, DULUX T/E 26 W )<br />
+ DULUX T/E 26 W IN (amalgam) 3<br />
DULUX T/E 32 W, DULUX T/E 32 W IN (amalgam) 2<br />
DULUX T/E 42 W DULUX T/E 32 W IN (amalgam) 2<br />
DULUX T/E 57 W IN (amalgam) 1<br />
FC 22 W 1<br />
FC 40 W 1<br />
Σ = 12 lamps<br />
• For the first time, DULUX IN (amalgam) can also be operated on<br />
the DIM ECG<br />
• Halving of the range of ECG products from 4 to 2 types of ECG<br />
• Lamp starting with optimized filament preheating inside 0.6 s<br />
• 2-lamp ECGs now as small as 1-lamp ECGs (K3 housing)<br />
• Dimming range 3…100 % luminous flux<br />
• <strong>DALI</strong> and TouchDim interface can be operated in an ECG, e.g. on<br />
<strong>DALI</strong> dimmer or TouchDim sensor<br />
• Highest energy efficiency thanks to cutoff technology<br />
• Automatic safety shutdown on lamp defect and at the end of the<br />
lamp life (EoL T2)<br />
• Optional cable clamps for snapping into the housing<br />
Figure 49: Principle Optional cable clamps for snapping into the<br />
housing<br />
65
Numerous applications in the downlight sector can be covered by<br />
one luminaire type in combination with the new QTi T/E <strong>DALI</strong>/DIM<br />
generation from OSRAM. Thus, for example, it is possible to design<br />
the lighting of a building with different room heights and different<br />
luminaire installation locations (e.g. corridors, foyers etc.) so they are<br />
simple and flexible to dim. Thus, several “lumen packages" are possible<br />
for each room. Due to optimized filament preheating, the lamp<br />
starts inside 0.6 seconds which means the user does not have to<br />
accept unnecessary waiting periods after switching on.<br />
The intelligent QTi T/E <strong>DALI</strong>/DIM units automatically adjust the filament<br />
preheating for very low temperatures. Thus, amalgam lamps<br />
can be operated in a stable way.<br />
Intelligent power reduction at excessive temperatures ensures a<br />
high service life and reliable operation.<br />
Figure 50: QTi T/E 2x26-42 W <strong>DALI</strong>/DIM: Realizable in a single luminaire<br />
66
6 The Activity Group <strong>DALI</strong><br />
(AG <strong>DALI</strong>)<br />
The “<strong>DALI</strong>" workgroup was set up in 1999 under the auspices of the<br />
ZVEI (the German Central Association of Electrical Engineering and<br />
the Electrical Industry) with the aim of establishing this new standard<br />
on the market. All the leading manufacturers of ECGs and controllers<br />
are represented in this Activity group so they can develop and market<br />
their products in accordance with the requirements of the <strong>DALI</strong> standard.<br />
The AG <strong>DALI</strong> is an open community that any company can join<br />
for a modest annual fee.<br />
The AG <strong>DALI</strong> has published a “<strong>DALI</strong> Handbook” and various other information<br />
brochures that can be downloaded from their home page.<br />
See: www.dali-ag.org<br />
Contact address:<br />
Activity Group <strong>DALI</strong><br />
des ZVEI e.V., Fachverband Elektroleuchten<br />
Lyonerstr. 9<br />
D-60528 Frankfurt am Main<br />
Tel.: +49 (0)69 63 02-0<br />
Fax: +49 (0)69 63 02-317<br />
Email: licht@zvei.org<br />
67
7 Tender documents<br />
QUICKTRONIC ® INTELLIGENT <strong>DALI</strong> DIM for compact fluorescent<br />
lamps<br />
Ordering designation according to lamp type: QTi <strong>DALI</strong>-T/E …<br />
DIM<br />
• Intelligent ECG with <strong>DALI</strong> interface according to IEC 60929<br />
• Compact fluorescent lamps, OSRAM DULUX ® T/E 18, 26, 32,<br />
42 W and OSRAM DULUX ®<br />
T/E IN 26, 32, 42 (57) W (amalgam lamps) from 3 % to 100 % can<br />
be dimmed without any restriction<br />
• Warm start of the lamp inside 0.6 seconds without switch-on flash<br />
• Manual dimming operation (TouchDIM ) without any control gear<br />
with standard installation switches, incl. memory function (doubleclick)<br />
and soft start<br />
• Service life: 50,000 h at maximum thermal load (t c<br />
= 75 °C, max.<br />
10 % failure)<br />
• Effective excess temperature protection of the dimming ECG<br />
through intelligent power reduction at high t c<br />
temperatures<br />
• 5-year system+ guarantee:<br />
For every ECG that failed due to a material or production fault, a<br />
replacement is available<br />
• CELMA energy classification EEI = A1<br />
• Maximum energy efficiency thanks to cut-off technology<br />
• EoL shutdown acc. to EN/IEC 61347-2-3 Section 17<br />
• For use in emergency lighting systems acc. to EN 50172 / DIN VDE<br />
0108-100<br />
• Configurable emergency current features, adjustable light value<br />
without control signal between 100 % and 3 % luminous flux<br />
• Test mark: ENEC, VDE, EMC<br />
• EN 60929, EN 61347-2-3, EN 55015, EN 61000-3-2, EN 61547,<br />
EN 61000-3-3<br />
QUICKTRONIC ® INTELLIGENT <strong>DALI</strong> DIM for T5/Ø 16 mm fluorescent<br />
lamps<br />
Ordering designation for each type of lamp: QTi <strong>DALI</strong> … DIM<br />
• Intelligent ECG with <strong>DALI</strong> interface according to IEC 60929<br />
• Operation of T5/Ø 16 mm fluorescent lamps of same length in a<br />
luminaire for the flexible adaptation of the lighting level<br />
• Unrestrictedly dimmable from 1 % to 100 %<br />
• Max. dimming speed for dynamic RGB color light applications of<br />
5 ms, from 1 % to 100 % through optimized regulation of the filament<br />
preheating<br />
• Warm start of the lamp inside 0.5 seconds without switch-on flash<br />
• Manual dimming operation (TouchDIM) without any control gear<br />
with standard installation buttons, incl. memory function (doubleclick)<br />
and soft start<br />
• Service life: 50,000 h at maximum thermal load (t c<br />
= 75 °C, max. 10<br />
% failure)<br />
• Effective excess temperature protection of the dimming ECG<br />
68
through intelligent power reduction at high t c<br />
temperatures<br />
• 5-year system+ guarantee:<br />
For every ECG that failed due to a material or production fault, a<br />
replacement is available<br />
• CELMA energy classification EEI = A1<br />
• Maximum energy efficiency thanks to cut-off technology<br />
• EoL shutdown acc. to EN/IEC 61347-2-3 Section 17<br />
• For use in emergency lighting systems acc. to EN 50172 / DIN VDE<br />
0108-100<br />
• Configurable emergency current features<br />
• Light value without control signal adjustable between 100 % and<br />
1 % luminous flux<br />
• Test mark: ENEC, VDE, EMC<br />
• EN 60929, EN 61347-2-3, EN 55015, EN 61000-3-2, EN 61547,<br />
EN 61000-3-3<br />
QUICKTRONIC ® INTELLIGENT <strong>DALI</strong> DIM for T8/Ø 26 mm fluorescent<br />
lamps<br />
Ordering designation for each type of lamp: QTi <strong>DALI</strong> … DIM<br />
• Intelligent ECG with <strong>DALI</strong> interface according to IEC 60929<br />
• Commercial T8/Ø 26 mm fluorescent lamps unrestrictedly dimmable<br />
from 1 % to 100 %<br />
• Max. dimming speed for dynamic RGB color light applications of<br />
5 ms, from 1 % to 100 % through optimized regulation of the filament<br />
preheating<br />
• Warm start of the lamp inside 0.5 seconds without switch-on<br />
flash<br />
• Manual dimming operation (TouchDIM ) without any control gear<br />
with standard installation buttons, incl. memory function (doubleclick)<br />
and soft start<br />
• Service life: 50,000 h at maximum thermal load (t c<br />
= 75 °C, max.<br />
10 % failure)<br />
• Effective excess temperature protection of the dimming ECG<br />
through intelligent power reduction at high t c<br />
temperatures<br />
• 5-year system+ guarantee:<br />
For every ECG that failed due to a material or production fault, a<br />
replacement is available<br />
• CELMA energy classification EEI = A1<br />
• Maximum energy efficiency thanks to cut-off technology<br />
• EoL shutdown acc. to EN/IEC 61347-2-3 Section 17<br />
• For use in emergency lighting systems acc. to EN 50172 / DIN VDE<br />
0108-100<br />
• Configurable emergency current features, light value without control<br />
signal adjustable between 100 % and 1 % luminous flux<br />
• Test mark: ENEC, VDE, EMC<br />
• EN 60929, EN 61347-2-3, EN 55015, EN 61000-3-2, EN 61547,<br />
EN 61000-3-3<br />
69
QUICKTRONIC ® INTELLIGENT DIM (1…10 V) for compact fluorescent<br />
lamps<br />
Ordering designation for each type of lamp: QTi-T/E…DIM<br />
• Intelligent ECG with 1…10 V interface acc. to IEC 60929<br />
• OSRAM DULUX compact fluorescent lamps ® T/E 18, 26, 32, 42 W<br />
and OSRAM DULUX ® T/E IN 26, 32, 42 (57) W (amalgam lamps)<br />
unrestrictedly dimmable from 3 % to 100 %<br />
• Warm start of the lamp inside 0.6 seconds without switch-on<br />
flash<br />
• Service life: 50,000 h at maximum thermal load (t c<br />
= 75 °C, max.<br />
10 % failure)<br />
• Effective excess temperature protection of the dimming ECG<br />
through intelligent power reduction at high t c<br />
temperatures<br />
• 5-year system+ guarantee:<br />
For every ECG that failed due to a material or production fault, a<br />
replacement is available<br />
• CELMA energy classification EEI = A1<br />
• Maximum energy efficiency thanks to cut-off technology<br />
• EoL shutdown acc. to EN/IEC 61347-2-3 Section 17<br />
• For use in emergency lighting systems acc. to EN 50172 / DIN VDE<br />
0108-100<br />
• Test mark: ENEC, VDE, EMC<br />
• EN 60929, EN 61347-2-3, EN 55015, EN 61000-3-2, EN 61547,<br />
EN 61000-3-3<br />
• Ordering designation for each type of lamp: QTi-T/E…DIM<br />
QUICKTRONIC ® INTELLIGENT DIM (1…10 V) for T5/Ø 16 mm<br />
fluorescent lamps<br />
Ordering designation for each type of lamp: QTi … DIM<br />
• Intelligent ECG with 1…10 V interface acc. to IEC 60929<br />
• Operation of T5 fluorescent lamps of the same length in a luminaire<br />
for the flexible adaptation of the light level<br />
• Unrestrictedly dimmable from 1 % to 100 %<br />
• Max. dimming speed for dynamic RGB color light applications of<br />
5 ms, from 1 % to 100 % through optimized regulation of the filament<br />
preheating<br />
• Warm start of the lamp inside 0.5 seconds without switch-on<br />
flash<br />
• Manual dimming operation (TouchDIM) without any control gear<br />
with standard installation buttons, incl. memory function (doubleclick)<br />
and soft start<br />
• Service life: 50,000 h at maximum thermal load (t c<br />
= 75 °C, max.<br />
10 % failure)<br />
• 5-year system+ guarantee<br />
For every ECG that failed due to a material or production fault,<br />
a replacement is available<br />
• CELMA energy classification EEI = A1<br />
• Maximum energy efficiency thanks to cut-off technology<br />
70
• EoL shutdown acc. to EN/IEC 61347-2-3 Section 17<br />
• For use in emergency lighting systems acc. to EN 50172 / DIN VDE<br />
0108-100<br />
• Test mark: ENEC, VDE, EMC<br />
• EN 60929, EN 61347-2-3, EN 55015, EN 61000-3-2, EN 61547,<br />
EN 61000-3-3<br />
QUICKTRONIC ® INTELLIGENT DIM (1…10 V) for T8/Ø 26 mm<br />
fluorescent lamps<br />
Ordering designation for each type of lamp: QTi … DIM<br />
• Intelligent ECG with 1…10 V interface acc. to IEC 60929<br />
• Commercial T8/Ø 26 mm fluorescent lamps unrestrictedly dimmable<br />
from 1 % to 100 %<br />
• Unrestrictedly dimmable from 1 % to 100 %<br />
• Max. dimming speed for dynamic RGB color light applications of<br />
5 ms, from 1 % to 100 % through optimized regulation of the filament<br />
preheating<br />
• Warm start of the lamp inside 0.5 seconds without switch-on<br />
flash<br />
• Manual dimming operation (TouchDIM) without any control gear<br />
with standard installation buttons, incl. memory function (doubleclick)<br />
and soft start<br />
• Service life: 50,000 h at maximum thermal load (t c<br />
= 75 °C, max.<br />
10 % failure)<br />
• 5-year system+ guarantee:<br />
For every ECG that failed due to a material or production fault,<br />
a replacement is available<br />
• CELMA energy classification EEI = A1<br />
• Maximum energy efficiency thanks to cut-off technology<br />
• EoL shutdown acc. to EN/IEC 61347-2-3 Section 17<br />
• For use in emergency lighting systems acc. to EN 50172 / DIN VDE<br />
0108-100<br />
• Test mark: ENEC, VDE, EMC<br />
• EN 60929, EN 61347-2-3, EN 55015, EN 61000-3-2, EN 61547,<br />
EN 61000-3-3<br />
71
8 Frequently asked questions<br />
(FAQ)<br />
8.1 <strong>DALI</strong> part<br />
8.1.1 TouchDIM<br />
• Can the TouchDIM function and a <strong>DALI</strong> controller be used at<br />
the same time?<br />
No. Either a <strong>DALI</strong> controller or the TouchDIM function! TouchDIM<br />
and <strong>DALI</strong> operation are mutually exclusive.<br />
• How do the ECGs behave after a mains voltage failure?<br />
The <strong>DALI</strong> ECG of the QTi series automatically reestablish the previous<br />
status. Both the switching status (on/off) and the dimmer setting<br />
are taken into account here.<br />
• Can devices that do not run synchronously be synchronized<br />
again?<br />
Yes. The procedure is as follows:<br />
Press switch for long period (> 3 s) (all ECGs on).<br />
Press switch for short period (all ECGs are switched off).<br />
Press switch for long period (all ECGs switch on with minimum<br />
dimmer setting and then fade up) ! Long – short – long<br />
• Is it also possible to connect more than one <strong>DALI</strong> ECGs to a<br />
switch?<br />
Up to 6 ECGs can be controlled by one switch, the number of control<br />
sections is limited to 2. With one <strong>DALI</strong> repeater, up to 64 <strong>DALI</strong><br />
ECGs can be operated in TouchDIM mode.<br />
• How long should the cable be between the switch and the<br />
ECG?<br />
The line length should not exceed 25 meters. In the case of longer<br />
lines, additional measures must be taken in order to suppress interference<br />
(e.g. bell transformer).<br />
• Which switches can be used?<br />
All button can be used that are suitable for mains voltage, but no<br />
button with glow lamps.<br />
• Does TouchDIM only work with 230 V AC voltage?<br />
No, TouchDIM control is possible with AC voltages between 10 V<br />
and 230 V (effective value!).<br />
• Can I also use DC voltage for TouchDIM?<br />
No, it must be AC voltage with a frequency between 46 and<br />
66 Hz.<br />
72
• Can a TouchDIM system be upgraded with a <strong>DALI</strong> controller?<br />
Yes, an upgrade is possible at any time. Changeover of the <strong>DALI</strong><br />
ECGs from TouchDIM to <strong>DALI</strong> takes place automatically after a<br />
power outage on the ECG when the first <strong>DALI</strong> command is sent.<br />
TouchDIM and <strong>DALI</strong> control cannot be used at the same time!<br />
• Can the motion function of the TouchDIM sensor be<br />
switched off (holiday mode)?<br />
Yes, the so-called "holiday mode" prevents the lighting system being<br />
switched on by the motion sensor. It is activated by doubleclicking<br />
on the switch if the light has not been manually dimmed in<br />
the previous 30 seconds. The motion function is active again if the<br />
luminaire is switched on manually at the switch.<br />
8.1.2 <strong>DALI</strong> in general<br />
• Do the ECGs have to be addressed in <strong>DALI</strong>?<br />
No, it can also function without addressing (broadcast mode).<br />
• What is the difference between DSI and <strong>DALI</strong>?<br />
DSI is a corporate solution, not a general standard like <strong>DALI</strong>. DSI<br />
does not allow digital addressing so it is not possible to form<br />
groups freely or check individual lamps for faults! Groups have to<br />
be formed by wiring as well as in the case of 1…10 V systems.<br />
• Does attention have to be paid to the group arrangement in<br />
<strong>DALI</strong> when wiring the system?<br />
No, the groups are generally assigned (addressed) when the system<br />
is started up.<br />
• Does attention have to be paid to the polarity of the <strong>DALI</strong><br />
control line?<br />
When OSRAM <strong>DALI</strong> control gear is used there is no need to worry<br />
about polarity.<br />
• How can <strong>DALI</strong> ECGs be addressed?<br />
They can be addressed individually, in groups or all together.<br />
• Can I get feedback messages from <strong>DALI</strong> ECGs?<br />
Yes, all device settings as well as the device status, such as lamp<br />
faults, can be checked.<br />
73
• Can a <strong>DALI</strong> ECG belong to more than one group at the same<br />
time?<br />
Yes. Each <strong>DALI</strong> controller can belong to up to 16 groups.<br />
• Where are the data for the group assignments and light<br />
scene values stored?<br />
They are stored directly in the internal EEPROM of the ECG.<br />
• Are the data in the ECG lost if there is a power failure?<br />
No, the data are permanently stored in the ECG. They are retained<br />
even if the power failure is prolonged.<br />
• What happens if an ECG fails?<br />
The ECG simply has to be replaced and adjusted to the appropriate<br />
settings (the procedure depends on the control unit).<br />
• What happens if a control unit is faulty?<br />
If the <strong>DALI</strong> interface voltage is lost, all ECGs take on the so-called<br />
"system failure level" (ECG factory setting: 100 % light).<br />
• Can <strong>DALI</strong> be integrated in superordinate building management<br />
systems (e.g. EIB or LON)?<br />
Yes, by using gateways or control units with the appropriate interface.<br />
• Is <strong>DALI</strong> a competitor to EIB or LON?<br />
No, <strong>DALI</strong> is only a subsystem of the building management system<br />
for controling the lighting.<br />
• Can 1…10 V components also be incorporated in a <strong>DALI</strong><br />
lighting control system?<br />
Yes, by using <strong>DALI</strong> to 1…10 V converters.<br />
• Can existing 1…10 V lighting systems be upgraded with a<br />
<strong>DALI</strong> controller?<br />
Yes, a <strong>DALI</strong> to 1…10 V converter is needed for each 1…10 V luminaire<br />
group (e.g. <strong>DALI</strong> CON 1…10 SO).<br />
• Can the wiring of the <strong>DALI</strong> ECG be checked on a building<br />
site?<br />
This depends on the control unit used. <strong>DALI</strong> ECGs that are still in<br />
their factory setting always produce 100 % light when the mains<br />
voltage (with protection) is applied.<br />
74
• What insulation is required for the <strong>DALI</strong> control line?<br />
The <strong>DALI</strong> control line must be approved for mains voltage (as in the<br />
case of the 1…10 V interface).<br />
• Can existing 1…10 V control lines be used?<br />
Yes, provided they are rated for mains voltage.<br />
• How long can a control line be?<br />
A maximum of 300 m between the controller and the furthest connected<br />
<strong>DALI</strong> unit.<br />
• Can control and power cables be laid together?<br />
Yes, a 5 x 1.5 mm 2 NYM cable can be used, for example.<br />
• What line cross section must the control line have?<br />
Up to 100 m: min. 0.5 mm 2 /from 100 m to 150 m: 1.0 mm 2 /from<br />
150 m: 1.5 mm 2 .<br />
• Can any company develop a <strong>DALI</strong> controller or <strong>DALI</strong> ECG?<br />
Yes, there are no restrictions except that the <strong>DALI</strong> logo<br />
may only be used by members of the <strong>DALI</strong> Activity Group.<br />
See also http://www.dali-ag.org/.<br />
• What happens if I use <strong>DALI</strong> ECGs from different manufacturers<br />
in the same system?<br />
The controllers are <strong>DALI</strong>-compatible if they carry the <strong>DALI</strong> logo. It is<br />
important to note, however, as in 1…10 V technology, ECGs from<br />
different manufacturers can result in different filament preheating<br />
times and different lamp starting times.<br />
• Can controllers from different manufacturers be combined?<br />
No, <strong>DALI</strong> ECGs are interchangeable, but the control components<br />
cannot normally be combined.<br />
• Is it possible to limit the maximum and minimum luminous<br />
flux?<br />
Yes, these values can be changed/limited with the appropriate<br />
controller in the ECG.<br />
75
8.1.3 <strong>DALI</strong> to 1…10 V converter<br />
• Is it possible to switch and dim<br />
with <strong>DALI</strong> to 1…10 V converters?<br />
Yes, with the converter both are possible.<br />
• Can the converter also offer the TouchDim function?<br />
Yes, the converter behaves like a <strong>DALI</strong> ECG here in TouchDIMmode<br />
1.<br />
• Why does the converter have characteristic changeover?<br />
So that it is possible to compensate for the different behaviours<br />
of incandescent lamps and fluorescent lamps. You should therefore<br />
choose between the linear characteristic (incandescent lamps)<br />
and the logarithmic characteristic (fluorescent lamps) depending on<br />
whether the converter is operating a fluorescent lamp ECG or a<br />
dimmer for incandescent lamps).<br />
8.1.4 Troubleshooting TouchDIM mode<br />
Before you start troubleshooting, please check each time that the<br />
controller is wired according to the operating manual and that the corresponding<br />
power supply is on. In the case of luminaires, please also<br />
check the light sources and replace if necessary.<br />
• The ECG are not reacting as expected to switch operations.<br />
If the button was pressed too long (> 1 second), the lamp starts<br />
at the lowest dimmer setting which may be difficult to see in bright<br />
ambient surroundings.<br />
• Individual luminaires have a different brightness level and<br />
conflict with one another.<br />
→ Manual synchronization of the system:<br />
Long button (>3 s) press (all lamps on).<br />
Short button press (all lamps are switched off).<br />
Long button press (all lamps switch on at minimum dimmer setting<br />
and dim upwards).<br />
• The ECGs react without any button being pressed.<br />
1. The line between button and luminaire (ECG) is possibly too<br />
long.<br />
2. A button with glow lamp was used which is not permissible.<br />
• The motion detection function of the TouchDIM sensor is<br />
not working.<br />
1. The luminaire was switched off by double-clicking the switch<br />
and this has deactivated the motion detection function (holiday<br />
mode)<br />
76
2. The available daylight is sufficiently bright. Cover the sensor and<br />
observe the response of the luminaire.<br />
3. The motion detection is deactivated for 30 s after the lighting<br />
system has been switched off manually. This time will only expire<br />
if there are no more people in the detection zone.<br />
• The luminaire is not regulating its the brightness to the setpoint<br />
value<br />
1. After setting the brightness, you must press the button twice<br />
inside 30 s (to store the setpoint value). If you press the button<br />
later than that, the holiday mode will be activated.<br />
2. The dimming was carried out manually – this deactivates the<br />
brightness control. Switch the luminaire off and on again.<br />
3. No setpoint value has been stored.<br />
Set the required light value and double-click to store it.<br />
• Holiday mode cannot be activated.<br />
The brightness level has been changed within the past 30 seconds<br />
– holiday mode can only be activated after this time.<br />
8.1.5 Troubleshooting <strong>DALI</strong> controllers<br />
• The ECGs are not reacting to commands from the controller?<br />
Please check the wiring where approx. 16 V DC<br />
should be applied to<br />
the <strong>DALI</strong> terminals of the ECG.<br />
8.1.6 <strong>DALI</strong> to 1…10 V converter<br />
• Not all lighting strips can be switched off.<br />
Please check that the power supply of the relevant lighting group<br />
has been routed via the load contact of the respective converter.<br />
8.2 1…10 V DIM ECG part<br />
• How long can the 1…10 V control line be?<br />
The maximum permissible length of the control line is 100 m (also<br />
applies to the <strong>DALI</strong> control line). (Note: Due to the low control current,<br />
a drop in voltage is only noticeable on the control line after<br />
approx. 300-400 m)<br />
• What line cross section should the 1…10 V control line<br />
have?<br />
1.5 mm² is recommended as the cross section. The insulation of<br />
the line used must be designed for mains voltage.<br />
77
• Can control and supply lines be laid together?<br />
Yes, control and supply lines can be laid together (VDE 0100 520<br />
Section 528.11). The following points must be noted:<br />
• The lines used must comply with the maximum operating voltage<br />
that occurs. (VDE 0100/11.85, T520 Section 528.11)<br />
• When laying core lines in installation ducts or channels, only the<br />
conductor of a main current circuit, including the associated<br />
auxiliary circuits, may be laid.<br />
• Also a number of main current circuits, including the associated<br />
auxiliary circuits, can be laid in one line. (VDE 0100/11.85, T520<br />
Section 528.11)<br />
• How can permanently selected lighting levels be controlled<br />
simply and economically?<br />
A simple control for preset lighting levels with 100 % or 1 % luminous<br />
flux and several values lying between is possible with fixed<br />
resistors or Zener diodes.<br />
• Can 1…10 V dimmable ECGs from OSRAM be used for emergency<br />
lighting?<br />
Yes, but the use of dimmable ECGs in systems for emergency lighting<br />
is associated with additional expense. Components such as<br />
signal amplifiers, ICM 10 or the light constant holding module would<br />
be destroyed by supplying them with DC voltage. This means that,<br />
in the case of switching over to a DC voltage supply, these components<br />
must be disconnected from the mains supply.<br />
• Can compact fluorescent lamps with a 2-pin base be<br />
dimmed?<br />
No, ECG operation of 2-pin lamps is not generally allowed. The<br />
glow igniter integrated in the base can lead to problems such as<br />
poor, unreliable ignition, reduced lamp service life or destruction<br />
of the ECG. Here additional heating of the lamp electrodes is not<br />
possible in dimmed operation which would lead to a significantly<br />
reduced lamp service life. Basically, only 4-pin base lamps with the<br />
designation /E (e.g. DULUX S/E, D/E, T/E) can be operated on the<br />
ECG and dimmed with this.<br />
• Does continuous operation in the lowest dimmer setting<br />
have an effect on the service life of fluorescent lamps?<br />
Long-term operation of fluorescent lamps and ECG from<br />
OSRAM in the dimmed state has no negative influence on the service<br />
life of the lamp.<br />
78
8.2.1 Troubleshooting 1…10 V<br />
• Lamp does not burn with 100 % luminous flux<br />
The control line is not connected or not correctly connected to the<br />
control unit, or the control unit is not a sufficiently good current sink<br />
and, hence, cannot reduce the control voltage.<br />
Check the wiring. Check that the control voltage is reduced while<br />
dimming and, if necessary, install a parallel resistor in the control<br />
line.<br />
Also one or more control inputs may be pole reversed:<br />
• Disconnect control unit<br />
• Subdivide control circuit<br />
• Further subdivide control circuit<br />
• Lamp always burn at minimum brightness<br />
+ and - connectors of the control line are reversed, or short circuit<br />
in the control line.<br />
Connect lines with correct polarity, check wiring<br />
• The lamp does not show the required luminous flux when<br />
controlled with potentiometers or fixed resistors.<br />
Potentiometers or resistors are wrongly dimensioned. Check the<br />
values<br />
• Insufficient brightness along the lamp<br />
Spacing of the reflector to the lamp is too small, capacitive discharge<br />
currents occur.<br />
Increase gap between the reflector and the lamp<br />
• Synchronous lamp flickering<br />
Fault is outside the dimming system, e.g. N conductor disconnection,<br />
control voltage not OK<br />
Check N conductor connection and control unit<br />
79
9 Appendix<br />
9.1 Starting currents and max. number of ECGs in automatic cutouts<br />
Figure 51: Starting currents and max. number of ECGs in automatic<br />
cutouts (B characteristic), measurement at U N<br />
= 230 V AC<br />
9.1.1 Minimum B/C characteristic triggering levels<br />
The minimum triggering levels increase from B to C characteristic by<br />
the factor = 1.67, i.e. not quite a factor of 2. At the same time, however,<br />
the total current must not exceed the value of the automatic<br />
cutouts.<br />
80
9.2 <strong>DALI</strong> fade time and fade rate<br />
The fade time can be set to any of 16 different steps (0 to 15) and<br />
denotes the fade time to go from one scene to another (room lighting<br />
states). The fade rate, which can also be set to any of 16 settings,<br />
is the number of fade steps per second and acts on the speed with<br />
which the lighting is faded up or down manually.<br />
Setting FADE TIME (s) FADE RATE (steps/s)<br />
0
Figure 53: QTi <strong>DALI</strong>/DIM 2x: lines 24, 25 and 26, 27 max. length of<br />
1 m<br />
Figure 54: QTi <strong>DALI</strong>/DIM 3x<br />
Figure 55: QTi <strong>DALI</strong>/DIM 4x<br />
82
Figure 56: HF DIM 1x: lines 26 and 27 max. length of 1.5 m<br />
Figure 57: HF DIM 2x: lines 24, 25 and 26, 27 max. length of 1.5 m<br />
83
9.4 Operating parameters of the ECG lamp combinations<br />
Unit<br />
QTi <strong>DALI</strong> 1x14/24 DIM<br />
QTi 1x14/24 DIM<br />
QTi <strong>DALI</strong> 1x21/39 DIM<br />
QTi 1x21/39 DIM<br />
QTi <strong>DALI</strong> 1x28/54 DIM<br />
QTi 1x28/54 DIM<br />
QTi <strong>DALI</strong> 1x35/49/80 DIM<br />
QTi 1x35/49/80 DIM<br />
QTi <strong>DALI</strong> 2x14/24 DIM<br />
QTi 2x14/24 DIM<br />
QTi <strong>DALI</strong> 2x21/39 DIM<br />
QTi 2x21/39 DIM<br />
QTi <strong>DALI</strong> 2x28/54 DIM<br />
QTi 2x28/54 DIM<br />
QTi <strong>DALI</strong> 2x35/49 DIM<br />
QTi 2x35/49 DIM<br />
QTi <strong>DALI</strong> 2x35/49/80 DIM<br />
QTi 2x35/49/80 DIM<br />
QTi <strong>DALI</strong> 3x14/24 DIM<br />
QTi 3x14/24 DIM<br />
QTi <strong>DALI</strong> 4x14/24 DIM<br />
QTi 4x14/24 DIM<br />
QTi <strong>DALI</strong> 1x18 DIM<br />
QTi 1x18 DIM<br />
QTi <strong>DALI</strong> 1x36 DIM<br />
QTi 1x36 DIM<br />
QTi <strong>DALI</strong> 1x58 DIM<br />
QTi 1x58 DIM<br />
QTi <strong>DALI</strong> 2x18 DIM<br />
QTi 2x18 DIM<br />
QTi <strong>DALI</strong> 2x36 DIM<br />
QTi 2x36 DIM<br />
QTi <strong>DALI</strong> 2x58 DIM<br />
QTi 2x58 DIM<br />
Lamps Umin-max 1) Ubatt min-max KHz ECG 2) Nominal<br />
current<br />
[A] 3)<br />
1xHE14<br />
1xHO24<br />
1xDL24 198…264 154…276 53…120<br />
1xHE21<br />
1xHO39<br />
1xDL40 198…264 154…276 44…120<br />
1xHE28<br />
1xHO54<br />
1xDL55 198…264 154…276 44…120<br />
1xHE35<br />
1xHO49<br />
1xHO80 198…264 154…276 44…120<br />
2xHE14<br />
2xHO24<br />
2xDL24 198…264 154…276 53…120<br />
2xHE21<br />
2xHO39<br />
2xDL40 198…264 154…276 44…120<br />
2xHE28<br />
2xHO54<br />
2xDL55 198…264 154…276 44…120<br />
2xHE35<br />
2xHO49 198…264 154…276 44…120<br />
2xHO80<br />
2xHO49<br />
2xHE35 198…264 154…276 44…120<br />
3xHE14<br />
3xHO24<br />
3xDL24 198…264 154…276 53…120<br />
3xHE14<br />
3xHO24<br />
3xDL24 198…264 154…276 53…120<br />
1xL18<br />
1xDL18 198…264 154…276 51…120<br />
1xL36<br />
1xDL36 198…264 154…276 48…120<br />
1xL58<br />
198…264 154…276 46…120<br />
2xL18<br />
2xDL18<br />
2xL36<br />
2xDL36<br />
0.08<br />
0.12<br />
0.12<br />
0.11<br />
0.20<br />
0.20<br />
0.14<br />
0.27<br />
0.27<br />
0.18<br />
0.24<br />
0.38<br />
0.15<br />
0.24<br />
0.24<br />
0.22<br />
0.39<br />
0.39<br />
0.28<br />
0.54<br />
0.54<br />
0.36<br />
0.48<br />
0.78<br />
0.48<br />
0.36<br />
0.20<br />
0.32<br />
0.32<br />
0.27<br />
0.43<br />
0.43<br />
0.09<br />
0.09<br />
0.16<br />
0.16<br />
198…264 154…276 51…120 0.17<br />
0.17<br />
198…264 154…276 48…120 0.31<br />
0.31<br />
Lambda W system 3) ln 3)<br />
0.96<br />
0.98<br />
0.98<br />
0.96<br />
0.98<br />
0.98<br />
0.97<br />
0.99<br />
0.99<br />
0.96<br />
0.98<br />
0.99<br />
0.96<br />
0.96<br />
0.96<br />
0.96<br />
0.96<br />
0.97<br />
0.97<br />
0.98<br />
0.98<br />
0.95<br />
0.97<br />
0.98<br />
0.97<br />
0.95<br />
0.97<br />
0.99<br />
0.99<br />
0.97<br />
0.99<br />
0.99<br />
0.97<br />
0.97<br />
0.99<br />
0.99<br />
17<br />
27<br />
27<br />
24<br />
44<br />
44<br />
31<br />
60<br />
60<br />
39<br />
54<br />
87<br />
34<br />
54<br />
54<br />
48<br />
88<br />
88<br />
62<br />
121<br />
121<br />
78<br />
108<br />
175<br />
108<br />
78<br />
45<br />
73<br />
73<br />
60<br />
98<br />
98<br />
19<br />
19<br />
35<br />
35<br />
1x1200<br />
1x1750<br />
1x1800<br />
1x1900<br />
1x3100<br />
1x3500<br />
1x2600<br />
1x4450<br />
1x4800<br />
1x3300<br />
1x4300<br />
1x6150<br />
2x1200<br />
2x1750<br />
2x1800<br />
2x1900<br />
2x3100<br />
2x3500<br />
2x2600<br />
2x4450<br />
2x4800<br />
2x3300<br />
2x4300<br />
2x6150<br />
2x4300<br />
2x 3300<br />
3x1200<br />
3x1750<br />
3x1800<br />
4x1200<br />
4x1750<br />
4x1800<br />
1x1350<br />
1x1350<br />
1x3350<br />
1x2900<br />
0.24 0.99 55 1x5200<br />
0.96<br />
0.96<br />
0.98<br />
0.98<br />
38<br />
38<br />
70<br />
70<br />
2x1350<br />
2x1350<br />
2x3350<br />
2x2900<br />
2xL58 198…264 154…276 46…120 0.49 0.98 110 2x5200<br />
HF 1x18/230-240 DIM 1xL18 198…264 154…276 40…100 0.09 0.95 19 1x1300<br />
HF 1x36/230-240 DIM 1xL36 198…264 154…276 40…100 0.17 0.97 36 1x3200<br />
HF 1x58/230-240 DIM 1xL58 198…264 154…276 40…100 0.25 0.98 56 1x5000<br />
HF 2x18/230-240 DIM 2xL18 198…264 154…276 40…100 0.17 0.97 36 2x1300<br />
HF 2x36/230-240 DIM 2xL36 198…264 154…276 40…100 0.31 0.99 71 2x3200<br />
HF 2x58/230-240 DIM 2xL58 198…264 154…276 40…100 0.48 0.99 111 2x5000<br />
QTi <strong>DALI</strong>-T/E 1x18-57 DIM<br />
QTi-T/E 1x18-57 DIM<br />
QTi <strong>DALI</strong>-T/E 2x18-42 DIM<br />
QTi-T/E 2x18-42 DIM<br />
1) AC mains voltage<br />
2) Lamp-dependent values<br />
3) At 100 % luminous flux<br />
1xT/E18<br />
1xT/E26<br />
1xT/E32<br />
1xT/E42<br />
1xT/E57 198…264 154…276 42…130<br />
1xT/E18<br />
1xT/E26<br />
1xT/E32<br />
1xT/E42 198…264 154…276 42…140<br />
0.09<br />
0.13<br />
0.16<br />
0.21<br />
0.27<br />
0.17<br />
0.25<br />
0.30<br />
0.39<br />
0.95<br />
0.97<br />
0.98<br />
0.99<br />
0.99<br />
0.95<br />
0.98<br />
0.99<br />
0.99<br />
20<br />
27<br />
39<br />
47<br />
62<br />
35<br />
56<br />
68<br />
90<br />
1x1200<br />
1x1800<br />
1x2400<br />
1x3200<br />
1x4300<br />
2x1200<br />
2x1800<br />
2x2400<br />
2x3200<br />
Table 10: Operating parameters of ECG lamp combinations<br />
84
9.5 Energy classifications<br />
In accordance with the CELMA classification scheme, the following<br />
classes to which the typical controllers belong are available:<br />
• Class A1: Dimmable electronic control gear<br />
• Class A2: Electronic control gear with reduced losses<br />
• Class A3: Electronic control gear (ECGs)<br />
• Class B1: Magnetic control gear with very low losses<br />
• Class B2: Magnetic control gear with low losses<br />
• Class C: Magnetic control gear with moderate losses<br />
• Class D: Magnetic control gear with very high losses<br />
Dimmable ECGs are classified as A1 if they meet the following requirements:<br />
• At a light power setting of 100 %, the ECG meets at least the requirements<br />
according to A3 (OSRAM DIM ECG meet A2)<br />
• At a light power setting of 25 %, the total power is the same or less<br />
than 50 % of the power at the 100 % light power setting<br />
• The ECG must be capable of reducing the light power to 10 % or<br />
less of the maximum power<br />
85
9.6 The <strong>DALI</strong> standard (IEC 62386) at a glance<br />
• Each controller must fulfill Part 102.<br />
• A controller can belong to a number of different device types (Part<br />
100, 200, 300).<br />
• Specific commands and features are defined and described in<br />
Parts 2xx.<br />
Table 11: IEC 62386 at a glance<br />
86
Index<br />
A<br />
Activity Group <strong>DALI</strong> ...................................................................... 67<br />
Added-value through intelligent features ....................................... 29<br />
Additional OSRAM function .......................................................... 32<br />
Asynchronism............................................................................... 36<br />
Automatic cutouts ........................................................................ 80<br />
Automatic lamp detection ............................................................. 29<br />
B<br />
Basic insulation ............................................................................ 11<br />
Block diagram ................................................................................ 7<br />
Burning-in instructions/Cable insulation ........................................ 11<br />
C<br />
CFL MULTI lamp ECGs .................................................................64<br />
Characteristics of the 1…10 V interface ........................................ 26<br />
Chip identification number ............................................................ 30<br />
Cold spot ..................................................................................... 18<br />
Color-phase diagram acc. to DIN 5033 ........................................ 56<br />
Comparison between 1...10 V and <strong>DALI</strong> ......................................... 9<br />
Compensation methods ............................................................... 31<br />
Compensation of interferences ..................................................... 32<br />
Control line length ........................................................................ 48<br />
Control via PC .............................................................................. 45<br />
Cross section of the power cable ................................................. 20<br />
D<br />
<strong>DALI</strong> dimming curve ..................................................................... 24<br />
<strong>DALI</strong> installation & features ........................................................... 10<br />
<strong>DALI</strong> topology .............................................................................. 19<br />
Damping of the line ...................................................................... 33<br />
Data coding.................................................................................. 25<br />
Digital “smoothing” ....................................................................... 24<br />
Dimmer setting and energy consumption system ......................... 63<br />
Dimming of amalgam lamps ......................................................... 57<br />
DIN VDE 0100/11.85, T 520 ......................................................... 12<br />
Disconnection of the data line....................................................... 26<br />
E<br />
ECG and control unit manufacturers ............................................. 67<br />
Economy ........................................................................................ 4<br />
EEPROM ...................................................................................... 30<br />
EIB/LON ......................................................................................... 8<br />
Emergency lighting control systems and applications ................... 37<br />
EoL shutdown after Test 2 ............................................................ 30<br />
External control with an analog output .......................................... 45<br />
87
F<br />
Fade time and fade rate ............................................................... 81<br />
Feedback control and relative luminous flux .................................. 55<br />
Filament preheating ...................................................................... 11<br />
Forming and basic stabilization ..................................................... 11<br />
G<br />
Ground fault interrupter ................................................................ 14<br />
Grounded metal plate or reflector ................................................. 14<br />
Group assignment ........................................................................ 19<br />
H<br />
Hot ends ...................................................................................... 15<br />
I<br />
IEC 60929 .................................................................................... 28<br />
IEC 61347 .................................................................................... 51<br />
IEC 62386 .................................................................................... 86<br />
Ignition of the lamp ....................................................................... 29<br />
Increase in the light yield (lm/W) of hot luminaires ......................... 52<br />
Increased luminous flux of cold amalgam lamps ........................... 59<br />
Individual address ......................................................................... 19<br />
Inductions between the lamp current circuits of several ECGs ...... 16<br />
Insulation displacement contact ................................................... 49<br />
Insulation test ............................................................................... 12<br />
integrated safety mechanism ........................................................ 30<br />
Integrated scene memory ............................................................. 10<br />
Intelligent power control ............................................................... 29<br />
Interface circuit ............................................................................. 45<br />
Interference effects ....................................................................... 16<br />
L<br />
Lamp wiring ................................................................................. 81<br />
Leakage current ........................................................................... 14<br />
Lighting comfort ............................................................................. 5<br />
Limited system size ...................................................................... 25<br />
Linear relation of dimmer setting and energy consumption ........... 63<br />
Logarithmically-dimensioned potentiometer .................................. 42<br />
“Low” or “high” logic states .......................................................... 22<br />
Luminaire function test ................................................................. 41<br />
Luminous flux against control voltage ........................................... 28<br />
88
M<br />
Mains cable and control line ......................................................... 16<br />
Mains voltage failure ..................................................................... 37<br />
Maximum capacitance between “hot” and “cold” ......................... 15<br />
Maximum capacitance of a filament cable pair to ground ............. 15<br />
Maximum system current ............................................................. 25<br />
Monitoring module and OSRAM <strong>DALI</strong> ECG in emergency lighting<br />
management ............................................................................. 39<br />
More light from new luminaires ..................................................... 61<br />
N<br />
NYM cable for connecting <strong>DALI</strong> ECGs.......................................... 20<br />
O<br />
Operating modes and operating combinations by button ............. 34<br />
Operating parameters ............................................................ 32, 84<br />
Operation at high ambient temperatures ....................................... 29<br />
Operation in a wide ambient temperature range through power<br />
reduction ................................................................................... 52<br />
Optimized filament heating and lamp operation ............................ 29<br />
Optimized lamp warm start .......................................................... 29<br />
Optimized radio interference suppression ..................................... 30<br />
Optional cable clamps .................................................................. 65<br />
OSRAM <strong>DALI</strong> ECG and TouchDIM interface ................................. 30<br />
OSRAM CFL ECGs ...................................................................... 65<br />
“OUTKIT” ..................................................................................... 56<br />
P<br />
Permanent Heat Mode (PHM) for lighting effects .......................... 29<br />
Phase control mode ..................................................................... 27<br />
Physical useful data rate ............................................................... 25<br />
Plug contact ................................................................................. 49<br />
Potential-free control input ............................................................ 25<br />
Power boost and amalgam lamps ................................................ 58<br />
Power consumption of the <strong>DALI</strong>/DIM system ............................... 63<br />
Power reduction by the ECG ........................................................ 29<br />
Power On Level ............................................................................ 23<br />
Protection class I luminaires ......................................................... 14<br />
Protection of the electronics ......................................................... 29<br />
R<br />
Range of lamps with an ECG........................................................ 64<br />
Reading and printing of the unique OSRAM control unit address .. 41<br />
Reduction of capacity leakage currents ........................................ 14<br />
Reduction of the ECG type variety ................................................ 29<br />
Reliability/Safety ............................................................................. 6<br />
89
S<br />
Safe interference voltage gap ....................................................... 25<br />
Safety instructions ........................................................................ 13<br />
Simple integration of new components ......................................... 26<br />
Simple system reconfiguration ...................................................... 26<br />
Stable dimming operation also in amalgam lamps ........................ 29<br />
Staircase operation ...................................................................... 43<br />
Standard values for minimum ambient light temperatures ............. 52<br />
Starting currents and max. number of ECGs in automatic cutouts ...80<br />
Status report from the ECG .......................................................... 10<br />
Storage of light scenes ................................................................. 26<br />
Switching status and dimming direction ....................................... 36<br />
Synchronization of a TouchDIM system ........................................ 36<br />
System Failure Level ..................................................................... 23<br />
T<br />
Temperature-dependent “cut-off” ................................................. 29<br />
Tender documents ....................................................................... 68<br />
Testing and programming tool ...................................................... 40<br />
TouchDIM operation ..................................................................... 33<br />
Transmission cable ....................................................................... 20<br />
Two-wire control line ..................................................................... 25<br />
Typical cable cross sections of plug and insulation displacement<br />
contacts .................................................................................... 51<br />
U<br />
Unrestricted <strong>DALI</strong> communication to the ECG .............................. 40<br />
V<br />
Values of digital dimming value against percentage luminous flux ...24<br />
Vibrations and noise emission ...................................................... 51<br />
Voltage level on the <strong>DALI</strong> interface ................................................ 22<br />
W<br />
Weber-Fechner law ...................................................................... 23<br />
Wiring diagram for <strong>DALI</strong> controllers .............................................. 21<br />
Wiring examples of dimmable ECGs ............................................. 17<br />
90
Global presence.<br />
OSRAM supplies customers in around 150 countries.<br />
• 73 companies and sales offices for 111 countries<br />
• 38 countries served by local agents or OSRAM GmbH, Munich<br />
OSRAM associated companies and support centres.<br />
Albania<br />
Argentina<br />
Asia Pacifi c Hongkong<br />
Australia<br />
Austria<br />
Azerbaijan<br />
Belarus<br />
Benelux<br />
Bosnia-Herzegovina<br />
Brazil<br />
Bulgaria<br />
Canada<br />
Chile<br />
China<br />
Croatia<br />
Czechia<br />
Denmark<br />
Egypt<br />
Estonia<br />
Finland<br />
France<br />
Great Britain<br />
Greece<br />
Hungary<br />
India<br />
Indonesia<br />
Iran<br />
Italy<br />
Japan<br />
Kazakhstan<br />
Kenya<br />
OSRAM GmbH<br />
Head Office<br />
Hellabrunner Strasse 1<br />
81543 MUNICH<br />
GERMANY<br />
Fon +49 (0)89-6213-0<br />
Fax +49 (0)89-6213-20 20<br />
www.osram.com<br />
com<br />
Korea<br />
Latvia<br />
Lithuania<br />
Macedonia<br />
Malaysia<br />
Mexico<br />
Moldova<br />
Norway<br />
OSRAM Region Andina<br />
Pakistan<br />
Philippines<br />
Poland<br />
Portugal<br />
Rumania<br />
Russia<br />
Serbia-Montenegro<br />
Singapore<br />
Slovakia<br />
South Africa<br />
Spain<br />
Sweden<br />
Switzerland<br />
Taiwan<br />
Thailand<br />
Tunisia<br />
Turkey<br />
Ukraine<br />
United Arab Emirates<br />
USA<br />
Vietnam<br />
Printed on paper treated with chlorine-free bleach.<br />
130T011GB OSRAM EC MK 06/09 PC-P Subject to modification without notice. Errors and omissions excepted.. z