ND TOURISM- FINAL

NATIONAL BOARD FOR TECHNICAL EDUCATION 

___________________________________________________________________________________________________ 

CURRICULUM AND COURSE SPECIFICATION 

LEISURE AND TOURISM MANAGEMENT (NATIONAL DIPLOMA) 

NOVEMBER 2004 

__________________________________________________________________________________________________ 

PLOT B BIDA ROAD, KADUNA

NATIONAL DIPLOMA IN LEISURE AND TOURISM MANAGEMENT 

GOAL AND OBJECTIVES 

GOAL 

This programme is designed to produce Tourism personnel capable of planning, managing and promoting leisure and tourism activities, such as travel and tours, in door and out door activities for leisure 

and recreation, education and business. 

OBJECTIVES 

At the end of the course, the diplomat should be able to carry out the following tasks:- 

1. Assist the tourism officer in carrying out simple tourism research and preparing reports on tourism and travel opportunities in a locality 

2. Organize indoor and outdoor functions such as tours, excursions, events and other forms of group engagements. 

3. Supervise medium-sized travel agencies, and related establishments, reservations, issue tickets and determine fares for tourist groups and individuals 

4. Guide tourists 

5. Assist in organizing fairs to promote trade through tourism 

6. Organize and manage public entertainments and recreation 

7. Assist in guest relation activities and service delivery in hospitality establishments. 

ENTRY REQUIREMENTS 

1. The minimum entry requirement into the National Diploma in Leisure and Tourism Management is four credit level passes in the West African School Certificate (WASC), Senior Secondary 

School Certificate (SSSC) General Certificate of Education (GCE) Ordinary Level, or NECO in not more than two sittings. The subjects must include English Language and Geography; and 

any two from the following: History, Economics, Government, Mathematics, Biology, Food and Nutrition, and French. 

2. Candidates who have successfully completed the Board’s recognized Pre-National Diploma (Science and Technology) course may be admitted into this programme. Such student must have 

passed English Language and Geography; and any two of History, Economics, Government, Mathematics, Biology, Food and Nutrition, French at WASC, SSSC, GCE ‘O’ LEVEL OR 

NEC+O or their equivalent in not more than two sittings. 

2

NATIONAL DIPLOMA IN LEISURE AND TOURISM MANAMENT 

CURRICULUM TABLE 

YEAR 1 SEMESTER 1 

Course Code Course Title L P TOTAL Prerequisite 

LTM 111 

LTM 112 

HMT 111 

LTM 114 

LTM 115 

LTM 116 

LTM 121 

OTM 101 

GNS 111 

HMT 112 

Leisure and Tourism Principles 

Transportation 

Introduction to Hospitality 

Geography of Tourism 

Tourism Marketing 

Computer Application I 

Airline and Travel Agency Operations 

Technical English I 

Citizenship Education 

French Language I 

1 

1 

2 

1 

1 

1 

2 

2 

2 

2 

2 

2 

2 

2 

2 

3 

3 

2 

- 

2 

3 

3 

4 

3 

3 

4 

5 

4 

2 

4 

TOTAL 15 20 35 

GNS 101 See General Studies Syllabus, HMT “ Hospitality Management Syllabus 

YEAR 1 SEMESTER II 


HMT 127 

LTM 122 

LTM 123 

LTM 124 

LTM 125 

HMT 124 

HTM 121 

GMS 124 

Principles of Accounting I 

Sales Techniques 

Information Technology for Tourism 

Computer Application II 

Special Interest Tourism 

Front Office Operation 

French Language II 

Citizenship Education II 

1 

1 

- 

1 

1 

2 

2 

2 

3 

3 

4 

3 

1 

1 

2 

- 

4 

4 

4 

4 

2 

3 

4 

2 

LTM 115 

LTM 116 

LTM 116 

LMT 111 

HTM 112 

GNS 112 

GNS 201 Technical English II 

2 2 

4 

TOTAL 12 19 31 

GNS See “ General Studies Syllabus., HMT See Hospitality Management Syllabus 

3

YEAR II SEMESTER I 


LTM 211 

LTM 212 

LTM 213 

BAM 114 

HMT 236 

ACCT 121 

Airfare and Ticketing 1 

Leisure and Tourism Management 

Tourism Promotion 

Principles of Economics 

Hospitality Management 

Principles of Accounting II 

2 

2 

2 

2 

2 

1 

3 

- 

4 

1 

2 

3 

5 

2 

6 

3 

4 

4 

LTM 111 

LTM 122 

HMT 127 

OTM 222 

OTM 214 

Communication Skills 

Office Practice 

1 

1 

1 

3 

2 

4 

13 16 29 

GNS See: General Studies Syllabus, BAM, See: Business Administration Syllabus (ND), OTM “ Office and technology and management syllabus, ACC “ Accounting Syllabus 

YEAR II SEMESTER II 


LTM 221 

Sustainable Tourism 

2 

- 

2 

LTM 222 

Arts, Heritage and Culture 

2 

3 

5 

LTM 223 

Tour Operations 

2 

3 

5 

LTM 224 

Air-fares and Ticketing II 

2 

3 

5 

LTM 211 

LTM 225 

Project 

- 

6 

6 

LTM 226 

Small Business Management 

1 

1 

2 

HMT 245 

Business Accounting for Hospitality and Tourism 

2 

0 

2 

OTM 221 

Web Page Design 

1 

3 

4 

TOTAL 12 19 31 

GNS See General Studies Syllabus, HMT “Hospitality Management Syllabus, OTM See Office Technology Management Syllabus 

4

PROGRAMME: 


CODE: LTM111 CREDIT HOUR 3 

COURSE: LEISURE AND TOURISM PRINCIPLES Theoretical: 1 hours/week - 

Year : 1 Semester: 1 

Practical 2 hours/week - 

GOAL:- This course is designed to enable the student acquire knowledge on the meaning and definition of Leisure and 

Tourism. 

GENERAL OBJECTIVES:- On completion of this course, the diplomats should be able to:- 

8. Know the meaning and definition of leisure and tourism 

9. Understand the basic and major leisure and tourism terminologies. 

10. Understand the concept and nature of leisure in tourism 

11. Understand the concept and methods of approaches to leisure and tourism studies. 

12. Understand the historic perspective of leisure travel and tourism. 

13. Recognize the main factors responsible for the growth and trends in leisure and tourism. 

5

Department/ Programme: NATIONAL DIPLOMA IN LEISURE AND TOURISM MANAGEMENT 

Subject/Course: LEISURE AND TOURISM 

PRINCIPLES 

Course Code: LTM 111 Contact Hours: 3-0 

Credit Hours 3.0 

Theoretical: 1 hours/week 

Year: 1 

Prerequisite: 

Practical: 2 hours /week 

Semester: 1 

Specific Learning Outcomes Teacher’s activities Resources Specific 

Learning 

Outcomes 

General Objectives 1.0: Know the meaning and definition of leisure and tourism 1.1. 

Teacher’s 

activities 

Resources 

6

1 

1.1. Define leisure and tourism (leisure as part of the tourist needs 

Lecture and guidelines for 

OHTs and OHT’s 

1.2. Identification of 

guidelines given 

student to 

and wants) 

discussion, use of examples 

projectors or 

Leisure and 

for group 

collect 

Power Point 

Tourism forms 

discussion 

2/brochures 

Projectors 

1.3. familiarization 

(students to be 

from travel 

1.2. Explain W.T.O.’s definition of International Tourist 

Text books (this is 

with WTO 

divided in pairs or 

agents and 

valid for all other 

website the 

group of 3/4 

work in group 

lecture delivered 

WTO website 

depending on class 

using 

1.3 Distinguish between a tourist, traveler, visitor and 

in the 

1.4. identification of 

size) on brochures 

fleepcharts or 

2 

excursionist. 

programme), 

leisure and 

and internet based 

OHTs, color 

brochures, 

tourism 

research 

pens 

journals, 

activities (based 

Internet 

magazines, slides, 

on students’ 

film etc 

personal 

Tourism A 

experiences) 

modern synthesis 

1.5. Evaluation of 

1.4 Explain the definition of tourism and tourist as propounded 

by Stephen J. Page 

typical Nigeria 

3 

by different schools of thought 

Paul Brunt to 

examples 

cornel& 

Participatory 

Understanding 

discussion. 

tourism by Prof. 

Medlik. 

Heinemann 

Publisher 

WEEK 

General Objective : 2.0 Understand the basic and major tourism terminologies 

2.1 Define and explain the role of the following: 

Lecture with examples and 

Text books, 

Divide class into 

4 

i. Tourist product 

illustration to include national 

brochures, 

2.1, 2.2 and 2.3 

groups (of 2/3/ or 

ii. Tourist service 

and international cases 

journals, 

4 according to 

iii. Tourist market’ 


numbers). Let 

iv. Tourist destination 

film etc 

each group 

v. Tourist attraction 

Tourism A 

research into one 

vi. Tourist resources 

modern synthesis 

of the listed topics 

7

vii. Infrastructure and superstructure 

by Stephen J. Page 

(can be assigned 

viii. Information Air Transport Association 

Paul Brunt to 

by drawing topics 

(IATA) 

cornel & 

from an hut – 

Understanding 

student to do this). 

5 

xi. 

World Tourism Organization (WTO) 


Student to produce 

xii. 

International Civil Aviation Organization 

Medlik. 

a working papers 

xiii. 

Jet lag 

Heinemann 

to be discussed by 

xiv. 

Inclusive tour 

Publisher 

each group in the 

class 

2.2. Emphasize the features and characteristic of the 

aforementioned terms 

WEEK 

6 

General Objective 3.0: Understand the concept and nature of leisure in tourism 

3.1 Define and explain leisure and leisure time 

Lecture with examples and An Introduction to 

3.2 Explain the importance and value of leisure in tourism illustration to include local travel and tourism 

Identifying leisure 

and recreation 

Undertake a 

fieldtrip to local 

Vehicles 

3.3 Distinguish between recreation, entertainment and 

cases 

by Pram Nath and 

provision in the 

recreation 

7 

amusement in the context of leisure 

Sushma Seth 1998 

locality 

facilities in town. 

3.4 List various activities of the tourist that have leisure motives 

INCLUDE 

Show recreation 

LEISURE 

centres to students. 

TEXTBOOK 

Students to report 

on fieldtrip. 

8 

General Objective 4.0 : Understand the concept, methods of approaches to tourism studies 

4.1 Explain the following approaches used to study tourism: Treat in logical order through Tourism 

i) Product approach 

delivery of lecture 

management text 

ii) Historical approach 

books 

Compare faultiest to 

determine those 

suitable for different 

Explain 

Management of 

recreation 

. 

iii) 

Management approach 

age groups 

facilities and 

target client 

9 

iv) 

Economic approach 

v) Sociological approach 

vi) 

Inter-dispensary approach 

General Objective 5.0:Understand the historical prospective of leisure, travel and tourism 

8

10 

11 

12 

13 

14 

15 

Assessment: 

5.1 Explain the beginning of tourism 

Lecture on the historic 

5.2 Explain the growth of tourism during ages of coal and steam 

engines 

development of Tourism from 

stone age to date 

5.3 Explain the development of tourism in the modern age. 

Tourism:- A show an 

modern synthesis understanding of the 

by:- 

leisure, travel and 

Stephen J. Page tourism development 

Paul Binnt patterns. 

J.O. cornel 

+ 

General Objective 6.0: Recognize the main factors responsible for the growth and trends in tourism 

6.1 Explain tourism demand factor 

Lecture on the topics with Bunkart and understand the 

references to be made on the Medlik (1991) 

6.2 Examine the importance of the factor in tourism development trends in Nigeria 

Tourism past 

present and 

6.3 Explain the characteristics of each factor 

future 

Heinemann 

6.4 Explain the factors responsible for the enhancement of tourism 

demand in modern times. 

press 

Give details of assignments to be used: 

Individual Report on the fieldtrip highlighting positive and negative elements of the site visited 50 % 

Group presentation on Leisure and Tourism in a Nigerian locality chosen by the student 50% 

Recommended Textbooks & References: 

Page et al (2001) Tourism: A modern synthesis, London: Thomson 

Cundell (1997) Business systems for leisure and tourism, London Hodder and Stoughton 

connection existing 

between demand and 

the Nigerian contex 

student to take 

note during 

video and 

discuss content 

student to 

identify under 

guidelines of 

the tutor current 

Nigerian trends 

using examples 

form the 

locality. Which 

are the main 

reasons for 

Nigerian to 

travel nationally 

and 

internationally? 

Why people 

travel to 

Nigeria? 

Video on 

the Gran 

Tour by the 

BBC 

9

PROGRAMME: 

CODE: LTM112 CREDIT HOUR 3 

NATIONAL DIPLOMA IN LEISURE AND TOURISM 

MANAGEMENT 

COURSE: TRANSPORTATION Theoretical: 1 hours/week - 

Year: 1 Semester: 1 


GOAL:- This course is designed to enable the student acquire basic knowledge of transportation. 

GENERAL OBJECTIVES: On completion of this course, the diplomate should be able to : 

1.0 Understand transport as a public utility service 

2.0 Understand the growth and development of Nigeria’s transport industry 

3.0 Understand the nature of transport demand and investment. 

4.0 Understand the different types of transport operations and operators. 

5.0 Understand the transport network (Rail, Road and Metro lines). 

6.0 Understand the structure and control of transport firms 

7.0 Know the structure of Nigeria transport organizations both trade 

and professional bodies 

8.0 Understand the growth and development of international transport 

9.0 Understand the services offered by transport organizations 

10.0 Understand the legal aspects of transportation 

11.0 Understand transport planning principles and methods. 

10


Course Code: LTM Credit Hours 3 

112 

Course: TRANSPORTATION Theoretical: 1 hours/week 

Wee 

k/s 

1 

2 

Year: 1 Semester: 1 Pre-requisite: Practical: 2 hours /week 

Theoretical Content 

Practical Content 

General Objective 1.0 Understand Transportation as a public utility service 

Specific Learning Objective 

1.1 Define transport 

1.2 Explain the characteristics of routes, vehicles terminal and motive power 

1.3 Identify the means and modes of transport 

1.4 Explain the growth and development of transportation under the 

following sub-headings: 

i) Before industrial revolution 

ii) 

iii) 

During industrial revolution 

After industrial revolution 

1.5 List the advantages and disadvantages of each means of transportation 

1.6 Explain the importance of transport as a public utility 

Teacher’s activities Resources Specific Learning 

Outcomes 

Group discussion on modes of 

transportation from medieval to date 

Delve into development and new 

trends. 

State the advantages and 

Disadvantages of each means of 

transportation 

Discuss the importation as a public 

utility. 

Text books 

Transport for 

tourism by 

Stephen page 

Travel, Tourism 

and hospitality 

Terms by 

Robert Harris 

and 

Joy Howard. 

Students to learn operation of 

Road Coasted as operated by 

transporters 

Teacher’s 

activities 

Lead the students to a 

Bus station, 

Show them the types 

of vehicles and 

movement schedules 

Resource 

s 

Vehicle 

for 

transport 

ation to 

location 

3 

General Objective 2.0 : Understand the growth and development of Nigeria’s transport industry. 

2.1 Discuss the structure, functions and contributions of the following to the 

Lecture on general issues. Show 

Text books of 

Students to learn operation of 

growth and development of tourism in Nigeria: 

road maps of Nigeria to discuss Journals 

Railway corporation in relation to 

Show types of 

wagon to students 

vehicles 

i) Nigeria Airspace Management agency 

major links 

movement of goods and humans 

*See Railway offices 

ii) 

Nigerian Railway Corporation 

and 

iii) 

Nigeria Aviation Handling company. 

iv) 

Transportation services 

Discuss with Rail 

v) Inland water ways departments. 

officers about 

problems and 

2.2 Identify all major interstate roads in Nigeria 

transports of Rail 

4 

2.3 Identify the Federal Ministry of Works Code for each of the roads in 2.2 

Transportation 

11

5 

above. 

2.4 Identify major roads in each of the states in the federation 

2.5 Identify the rail network in Nigeria 

2.6 Identify local and international airports in Nigeria 

2.7 Identify various airlines operating in Nigeria 

2.8 Identify the problems of air transportation in Nigeria 

6 2.9 Identify rivers which provide good transportation channels in Nigeria (i.e. 

navigable water routes) 

2.10 Explain barriers to navigation and how it can be over commend. 

2.11 Explain the advantages and disadvantages of each 

of the means of transportation over others. 

Explain the network of federal, 

State and feeder roads. 

Compare, road, rail and air in term 

of cost and travel time. 

General Objective 3.0 : Understand the nature of transport and investment 

3.1 Explain transport demand as a derived demand 

Lecture on 

Text books 

Assess different types 

Student to 

7 

3.2 Explain the public and private sector interests in transport 

3.3 Explain the social and economic Cost involved 

3.4 Explain how forces and determined in the various transport sectors 

3.5 Explain the various sources of finance for transport investments. 

Expatiate with the growth of private 

road transport operation. 

Journals 

of transport available 

for human 

transportation in the 

country 

work in 

group and 

present 

findings to 

rest of the 

class 

. 

WEEK 

General Objective 4.0: Understand the different types of transport operations and operators. 

8 Distinguish between public and private operators 

Identify own account and hire reward operators 

Lecture and in guidelines to in class 

discussion 

Learn operation of pubic 

sector transportation, as 

Transport anyway 

officials to elaborate 

vehicle 

Explain the concept of common owners 

related to movement of 

on operation company 

Distinguish between charter and non charter operation 

people and goods 

Distinguish between scheduled and non scheduled services 

WEEK 

General Objective 5.0: Understand transport network 

12

9 Explain a transport network 

Discuss the characteristics pf trams[port network 

5.3Explain the pattern of the existing transport network 

WEEK 

General Objective 6.0: Understand the structure and control of transport firms. 

10 6.1 Describe the structure of different transport organizations 

Visit to transport companies and 

Text books 

Learn the role of Nigeria 

Discuss with union 

6.2 Explain the roles of national and international agencies in various 

operations 

organization and report writing 

Union of Road transport 

workers (NURTN) in 

officials on 

challenges facing the 

vehicle 

6.3 State the duties of the Boards of Directors and Management in transport 

transport development in 

road transport 

business 

Nigeria 

industry 

6.4 Describe the operational structure of various transport organizations 

WEEK 

General Objective 7.0: Know the structure of Nigeria Transportation Organization 

Identify the various structures of transport organization in Nigeria 

A visit to National Mari time 

Text books Journals 

Assess the sector using 

Discuss with officials 

Vehicles and 

11 

Explain the functions and control of the various organization;’ 

Organization 

practical examples from 

of concerning 

Transport 

Explain the ownership pattern of the various transport organizations 

the locality 

operation of flee and 

current challenges 

faces the industry 

WEEK 

General Objective 8.0: Understand the growth and development of international transport 

12 8.1 Explain the growth of the shipping industry in Nigeria 

8.2 Describe the growth of air traffic 

A visit to National Mari time 

Authority. 

Text books 

Journals 

8.3 Explain the growth of land transport especially road and railway 

8.4 Appraise the advantages and disadvantages of each mode of transport in 

5.3 above 

8.5 Appraise the advantages and disadvantages of various means within each 

mode 

8.6 Identify the various organization that influence international transport 

Explain with practical examples of 

road hazards. 

13

WEEK 

General Objective 9.0: Understand service offered by transport organization 

13 9.1 State the type of services offered by transport organization 

Lectures 

Textbooks 

Understand the operation 

*Show student airport 

9.2 Explain the type of magnitude of the services offered 

of Nigerian airport in 

equipment 

9.3 Explain the problems affecting their services (e.g. 

Site examples of maintenance 

relation to movement of 

*Discuss with 

lack of funds, time, maintenance, 

problem associated with road 

Aircraft in safety 

officials of (NAMA) 

infrastructures, e.t.c. 

operation of vehicles. 

Nigeria airspace 

management agency 

on structure operation 

safety measures, etc 

WEEK 

General Objective10.0: Understand the legal aspect of transportation. 

14 10.1 State transport regulation in the country 

10.2 Explain the various regulations 

10.3 Identify the statutory bodies responsible 

for the implementation of these 

regulations 

10.4 Explain the methods of implementation of 

transport regulation and security 

Explain new development in road 

polices – FERMA etc. 

14

WEEK 

General Objective11.0: Understand transport planning principles and methods 

15 Define transport planning 

Explain the role of density of traffic 

Understand the 

*Arrange with quest 

Explained the relationship between transportation and land use 

and raw materials to transport 

operation of a private 

between to discuss the 

Explain the various methods of data collection (traffic survey) for transport 

planning. 

airline in the city, and 

challenges and 

planning 

their administrative 

prospects in relation to 

Explain the importance of data in 7.3 above 

system 

human development 

*show students various 

types of air craft 

Assessment: 


Multiple-choice test covering the key themes of this module 50 % 

Report produced in pairs on the field visit 50 % 


Morrison and Winston (1995) The evolution of the airline industry 

Page (2004) Tourism and Transport. issues and agenda for the new millennium, London, Elsevier 

Tolley and Turton (1995) Transport Systems Policy And Planning 

Pender (2001) Travel, trade and transport 

15

PROGRAMME: 


CODE:LTM 114 CREDIT HOUR 3 

COURSE: GEOGRAPHY OF TOURISM Theoretical: 1 hours/week - 



GOAL:- This course is designed to enable the student acquire basic knowledge of transportation. 

GENERAL OBJECTIVES: On completion of this course, the diplomate should be able to : 

1.0 Understand the terms used in leisure recreation and tourism in Geography 

2.0 Know the various kinds of maps 

3.0 Know the various land form types and bodies of water 

4.0 Understand the geographical resources in Nigeria and their conservation 

5.0 Know the travel destination in Africa 

6.0 Know the travel destinations in the world. 

16

PROGRAMME: NATIONAL DIPLOMA IN LEISURE AND TOURISM 

MANAGEMENT 

Course Code: LTM 114 Credit Hours 3 

Course: GEOPGRAPHY OF TOURISM Theoretical: 1 hours/week 

1 

2 

3 

Week/s 

Year: 1 Semester:1 Pre-requisite: Practical: 2 hours /week 



General Objective 1.0 Understand the terms used in leisure, recreation and Tourism in Geography. 

Specific Learning outcome 

1.1 Explain the meaning of geography of Tourism 

1.2 Define the terms leisure, recreation and Tourism and 

understanding their inter-relationships 

1.3 Distinguish between the different forms of tourism – 

International and domestic, long and short haul, 

mistrial, ethic, Business,, environmental tourism etc. 

1.4 Explain tourist floor 

1.5 Explain destination geography – propensity and 

characteristics of location that influence travel 

1.6 Enumerate the factors that determine tourist 

destination 

1.7 Identify the characteristics that influence travelers 

choice of destination 

Teacher’s 

activities 

Define and explain 

the topics geography 

of tourism 

Show the tourist flow 

with the aid of a 

diagram 

Enumerate the factors 

that effluence 

travellers choice in 

destination 

Resources 

Textbook 

Diagrams 

Charts 

Handout on 

printed materials 

Specific Learning 

Outcomes 

Illustrate tourist flow and the 

importance of Geography to 

tourism 

List the factors that determines 

tourist destination and 

characteristics that influence the 

travelers choice of destination 

Teacher’s 

activities 

Resources 

Use diagram or chart 

for the tourist flow, 

and choice of 

destination on the 

black board. 

17

WEEK 

General Objective 2.0: Know the various kinds of Maps 

4 

2.1 Identify the types of maps such as 

Flat Maps, Route maps, globes, locator maps, mental 

maps. 

Show and explain each 

type of map to 

students 

Atlas textbooks 

globe maps video 

film and projector 

slides 

Draw each of these maps . 

Assign students to draw 

maps and explain 

Demonstrate the drawing 

of each maps practically in 

Video films on 

various maps, 

projector film/slides, 

atlas and handout 

5 

2.2 Identify other map, considerations such as; 

Explain international 

Draw these maps, 

Textbooks printed handout on 

the class 

Hemispheres, latitude, longitude, the International Date 

line, Elapsed flying Time and the Twenty-Four Hours 

clock 

dateline and give 

example of the 

differences in 

travelling, convert 12 

hour time to 24 hours 

24 hour clock and 

explain the time 

conversion 

24 hours time etc 

Supervise the students in 

drawing of the maps and 

24 hour clock. Give 

assignment on each 

12 hour clock 

24 hour clock printed 

materials on hand out 

Atlas 

time. 

WEEK 

General Objective 3.0 :Know the various land types and bodies of water 

7 

6 

WEEK 

3.1 State the land form types. 

3.2 Explain their origin and differences 

3.3 Locate areas various examples can 

be found. 

3.4 Identify the seven continents in the 

world 

Explain land 

form types 

mountain, 

bodies of 

water 

Show where 

rivers (i.e) 

Benue, Niger, 

etc.) in Lakes, 

mountains and 

other features 

are located on 

the map. 

Video 

films 

overhead 

projector 

Textbooks 

and Hand 

out 

Draw each land 

form, Draw vital 

features in each 

continent. 

General Objective 4.0: Understand the geographical resources in Nigeria and their conservation 

8 4.1 Identify tourist resources and their location in Nigeria (i.e 

Argugu Fishing festivals, Wase Rock, Waterfalls, rivers, 

Mountains, Valleys, National Packs etc) 

Explain and locate 

these resources on 

the map of Nigeria 

Vedio, Films on 

these tourist 

destination 

Draw and locate the tourist 

resources on the map of 

Nigeria. Illustrate the types of 

Supervise the 

students in 

drawing these 

features. Give 

assignment 

Field trip to 

different land 

forms. 

Field trips to the tourist 

destination. 

A comprehensive report to 

Atlas Textbooks 

Video Films 

magazine. 

Video Filmsdestination 

itself, 

projector films/slides, 

18

4.2 Explain the full meaning of conservation, and its 

Textbooks 

Handout on 

attractions (natural or manmade) 

be given by each student 

on the places visited 

Maps. 

9 

implication in tourism resources development 

Highlight on the 

printed materials 

importance of 

Estimate conservation 

4.3 Explain the conflict between nature conservation and 

nature conservation 

population and Industrial 

development 

in tourism 

growth 

10 

4.4 State the consequences of pollution from our population, 

Highlight on 

technological growth on conservation practices and 

pollution and over 

policies 

population and 

4.5 Explain the continuous improvement on conservation 

industrial growth. 

practices and policies. 

WEEK 

11 

General Objective 5.0: Know the travel destinations in Africa 

5.1 Identify the travel destinations in North African Countries. 

Explain and located 

Textbooks, Maps, 

5.2 List the travel destinations in West African Countries on the map the Charts 

5.3 Identify the travel destinations in Central African 

tourist attraction in Diagram 

Countries 

all the regions of Video films, 

Locate the tourist potentials in 

the African Countries such as:- 

-major river 

-mountains 


carrying out the task or 

practical works 

Personal and board 

cards drawing 

materials maps. 

12 

African Countries 

projector slides 

-coastal areas 

Give practical assignments 

5.4 Enumerate the travel destination in Southern African 

-Artificial tourist attractions 

of some geographical 

Countries 

-National Parks 

features. 

Discuss the tourist 

-Lakes 

13 

5.5 Discuss the travel destinations in East African Countries 

potential in regions. 

-Valleys 

-Deserts etc Major rivers 

WEEK 

14 

General Objective 6 .0 Know the travel destination in the world 


List and locate on 

Textbooks 

6.1 Identify the travel destination in North America 

the map the major Map, Charts, 

6.2 Identify the travel destinations in Latin America 

tourist attractions Diagrams 

and the Caribbean Islands 

in all the region of Video films, 

Draw and locate the tourist 

potentials in the world e.g. 

-Oceans 

-Lakes 


carrying out the practicals 

work 

Give practical assignment 

Personal card board 

and drawing materials 

maps 

the world. 

Projector sliders 

-Rivers 

on some geographical 

15 

6.3 List and discuss the destination in Europe 

Discuss the tourist 

etc 

-Mountains 

features. 

6.4 List and discuss the travel destinations in Asia and the 

potentials these 

-Cruising areas 

pacific. 

regions 

-Metropolitan cities 

-Waterfalls 

19

-Major events etc 

Assessment: 


Individual Essay (2,000 words) 50% on a topic chosen by the student based on a proposed list of topic given by the tutor 

Exam 50% based on 5 key questions, students to respond to 3 out of 5 questions with a short essay (200 words). 


Burton (2004) Travel Geography, London Logman 

Taylor M. (2004) World Travel Atlas, Highbury Columbus Press London 

Hall C.M. (2002) The geography of Tourism and Recreation, London routledge. 

Hudman and Jackson (2003) Geography of Travel and Tourism, London Albany 

20

PROGRAMME: ND LEISURE AND TOURISM MANAGEMENT Code: LTM 115 Credit Hours: 3 

Course: TOURISM MARKETING Pre-requisite: 

Theoretical: 1 hours/week - 33 % 

Semester: 1 YEAR 1 

Practical: 2 hours/week - 67 % 

GOAL: The purpose of this course is to enable students to understand and apply the basic principles of marketing to business situations and to identify and examine key aspects of the marketing mix. 

General Objectives: 

On completion of this course, the student should: 

1. Understand the basic concepts of marketing in a modern business organisation 

2. Understand the marketing environment 

3. Know the organisational structures that promote marketing activities 

4. Understand the role of marketing in society 

5. Appreciate the importance of product in marketing. 

6. Know the methods and types of pricing 

7. Understand the promotional activities in marketing and their importance. 

8. Know the different types of channels of distribution and physical distribution 

21

Wee 

k/s 

1 

2 

Course: NATIONAL DIPLOMA IN LEISURE AND TOURISM MANAGEMENT 

Course Code: 

LMT 115 

Credit Hours: 3 

Course: TOURISM MARKETING CODE: LTM 115 Theoretical: 1 hours/week 

Year: 1 Semester: 1 Pre-requisite: Practical: 2 hours 

/week 



General Objective 1.0 Understand the basic concepts of marketing in a modern tourism business organisation 

Specific Learning Outcomes 

Basic and Major tourism Terminologies 

1.1 Explain the evolution of marketing 

1.2 Explain marketing concept, its role and importance and link this to the 

tourism sector 

1.3 Explain the marketing mix and its application to leisure and tourism. 

1.4 Explain the marketing information system: 

a) Marketing intelligence 

b) Market and marketing research 

c) Internal reporting system 

d) Analytical marketing system. 

 

 

 

 

 

Teacher’s activities Resources Specific 

Learning 

Outcomes 

Lecture on discuss the 

evolution of marketing and its 

concepts. 

Explain how the economy 

affect the marketing process 

and vice-versa. 

Explain the marketing mix. 

relate general marketing 

principles to tourism 

Explain the marketing 

information system 

General Objective 2.0 : Understand the tourism marketing environment 

3 2.1 Explain the uncontrollable variables of marketing (Economic, 

political/legal, sonar/cultural, technological, physical, demographic. 

 

lecture with the use of 

relevant leisure and tourism 

examples 


mix. 


information system: 

a) Marketing 

intelligence 

b) Market and 

marketing research 

c) Internal 

reporting system 

d) Analytical marketing 

system 

Explain the role of 

marketing in a business 

organization 

Identify key marketing 

Teacher’s 

activities 

Question and 

answers regarding 

Price. Promotion 

Place and product 

on various 

business and 

introduction to the 

tourism context. 

Use case study to 

analyse the 

marketing 

information system 

Resour 

ces 

Internet 

and 

Releva 

nt 

Websit 

es 

. Internet 

and 

Relevant 

Websites 

22

controllable variables of 

objectives and strategy. 

4 2.2 Relate controllable to uncontrollable factors. 

marketing. 

Distinguish between controllable 

Apply PEST analysis 

to business situations 

Guide students to 

apply the PEST 

analysis to business 

situations. Political, 

Nigeria 

n case 

studies 

and uncontrollable environment 

Economic, Social 

and Technology 

aspects of marketing 

5 

6 

General Objective 3.0: : Know the organisational structures that undertake marketing activities 

3.1 Explain the role of marketing in an organisation. 

* Examine the role, 

Textbooks 

Explain the role of 

3.2 Identify the various types of marketing 

organisational structures. 

type and importance 

of marketing 

organisation 

Journals 

marketing in a business 

organization 

Identify key marketing 

objectives and 

3.3 Explain the role and importance of marketing 

organisation in achieving marketing objectives 

strategy. 

Apply PEST analysis 

to business situation 

General Objective 4.0: Appreciate the importance of the various ingredients (4ps) of the marketing mix product price. Promotion and place. 


apply the PEST 

analysis to business 

situations political, 

Economic, Social 

and Technology and 

strategy. Apply 

PEST analysis to 

business situation. 

Internet 

and 

Releva 

nt 

website 

s 

Nigeria 

n case 

study 

7 

4.1 Explain product concepts. 

lecture on product concepts, 

Textbooks 

Explain product 

Guide student on a 

Internet and 

4.2 Explain packaging and branding strategies 

packaging, new product 

Journals 

concepts 

role play exercise to 

relevant 

development and product life cycle 

Explain packaging and 

package, brand and 

websites 

8 

4.3 Describe stages in new product development 

4.4 Introduction to Niche Marketing as a basis to the concept of Niche 

tourism. 

4.5 Explain product life cycle. 

branding strategies 

Describe stages in new 

product development 

sell one of the three 

listed products – a 

small B&B, a family 

run restaurant and a 

small zoo. Oral 

presentation 

OHTs and 

colours 

General Objective 5.0: Understand the role of marketing in society 

9 5.1 Relate marketing to social groups Discuss marketing ethics, and Textbooks Explain the social Guide students to Internet and 

23

5.2 Explain the social responsibility of marketing 

consumes. 

Journals 

responsibility of 

conduct a survey 

Relevant 

Use of Tourism examples 

marketing 

about controversial 

Websites 

10 

5.3 Explain consumers in Nigeria Market 

advertisement and 

5.4 Explain marketing ethics 

Explain consumers in 

products. Examine 

Nigerian Market. 

ethics and legal 

Explain marketing 

controls 

ethics 

General Objective 6.0: Know types and methods of pricing in tourism 

11 

6.1Explain pricing 

Discuss pricing its objectives, types 

Textbooks 

Explain pricing 

Questions and 

Internet and 

6.2Explain pricing objectives in tourism 

and methods 

Journals 

objectives 

answers Luxury 

Relevant 

products – 5* hotels 

Websites 

12 

6.3 Identify factors influencing pricing in tourism 

Identify factors 

and related services, 

6.4 Explain types and methods of pricing 

influencing pricing 

spas, boutique hotels, 

Brochures 

Explain types and 

safaris camp, etc. 

methods of pricing 

demand and supply 

issues 

General Objectives: 7.0 Understand promotional activities in marketing of leisure and tourism 

13 7.1 Explain various elements of promotional mix 

*Discuss promotional 

Textbooks 

Explain various 

Guide students in 

Internet and 

7.2 Explain advertising in tourism 

activities, 

Journals 

elements of 

referring to previous 

Relevant 

7.3 Explain personal selling in tourism 

Advance Personal 

promotional mix 

products – see above 

Websites 

selling 

Explain advertising 

– How should the 

products be 

promoted? 

Identify the 

promotional mix? 

What price to 

charge? 

Report and oral. 

General Objectives: 7.0 General Objective: 8.0 Understand leisure and tourism Channels of distribution 

14 8.1 Explain channels of distribution 

* Discuss channels of and physical 

Textbooks Journal 

Explain channels of 

Guide students on 

Internet and 

8.2 Explain the importance 

distribution 

distribution 

the above report 

Relevant 

Explain its importance 

Students to include 

Websites 

24

15 8.3 Identify criteria for selection, distribute channels in leisure and tourism Identify criteria for 

selections, distribute 

channels 

appropriate channels 

of communication 

zoo. 

Assessment: Group (max 4 students) presentation (50%) followed by a Group Report (50%) 

The overall assessment is to be based on the role playing exercise undertaken during the course. One of the three products to be packaged, branded and sold– a small B&B, a family run restaurant or a small 

Reading List: 

Holloway & Robinson (1996) Marketing for Tourism, Harlow: Longman 

Middleton & Clarke (2002) Marketing in Travel and Tourism, London: Butterworth Heineman 

25

PROGRAMME: DIPLOMA IN LEISURE AND TOURISM MANAGEMENT 

COURSE: Computer Application 1 CODE:LMT 116 Credit Hours: 4 

Theoretical: 1 hrs/wk 

Year: 1 Semester 1 Pre-requisite Practical: 3 hour/week 

GOAL: The intent of the course is to understand the fundamental principles of computers and how to use Microsoft windows programs 

GENERAL OBJECTIVES 

On completion of this course, the student should be able to: 

1. Understand the fundamental principles of computers 

2. Understand windows ‘desktop’ programs 

3. Understand how to use word processing software and handle files and folders 

4. Understand how to format text and general layout 

5. Understand how to insert files, symbols and tables in documents 

6. Understand how to use of presentation software programs 

26

PROGRAMME: NATIONAL DIPLOMA IN LEISURE AND TOURISM 

MANAGMENT 

Course: COMPUTER APPLICATION 1 

Year 1 Semester: 1 

COURSE CODE: LTM 116 Credit Hours: 4 

Pre-requisite: 


Practical: 3 hours/week - 

Theoretical Contents 

Practical Contents 

1 

2 

3 

4 

We 

ek 

General Objective 1: Understand the fundamental principles of 

computers 

Specific Learning Outcomes Teacher’s activities Resources Learning Outcomes Teacher’s activities Resources 

1.1 Understand the concept of computers and its advantages 

1.2 Outline the fundamental principles of 

computers including hardware and Software. 

Explain the concepts 

of computing and the 

components of 

computer 

General Objective 2: Understand windows ‘desktop’ programs 

2.1 Understand ‘desktop’ components such as concept of the icons, 

taskbar , display 

properties. 

2.2 Understand how to use windows explorer program. 

2.3 Understand how to use the different control panel programs; 

2.4 Display, Add New Hardware, Add\Remove program, Mouse , 

Date\Time, Internet Option. 

Explain the 

windows 

environment and the 

concept of desktop 

Course book 

Data Show 

General Objective 3.0 Understand how to use word processing 

software and handle files and folders 

White board 

Course book 

Data Show 

White board 

Identify the parts of computer hardware 

such as a motherboard, processor, RAM , 

ROM 

Illustrate and Explain practically the 

windows desktop, windows explorer and 

windows control panel. 

Demonstrate by 

working with 

students to show 

main parts of 

computer such as 

sample motherboard. 

Provide real world 

examples to illustrate 

how to use : 

windows desktop, 

windows explorer 

and windows control 

panel. 

Computer parts such as 

input devices, processes 

and output devices 

Computer lap 

MS-Windows program 

Printer . 

Ms-Word 

27

5 

6 

3.1 Define the concept of word processing 

3.2 Define the MS Word program. 

3.3 Understand how to create Folders and files. 

3.4 Understand how to write documents 

use File commands including New, 

Discuss and explain 

the function of file, 

folder and how to 

create new 

documents. 

Course book 

Data Show 

White board 

Illustrate and Explain 

practically how to: 

- Create new document 

- Use File commands. 



how to use : 

Create new 

document 

- Use File 

Computer lap 

MS Windows program 

Ms-Word 

Printer. 

Save, Save as, Open, Close and Exit. 

commands 

General Objective 4:0 Understand how to format text and general layout 

7 

4.1 Understand how to edit a document through use of Editing 

Explain and 

Course book 

- Introduce example to illustrate how to: 


Computer lap 

commands including Copy, Cut, Past, Select All, Find and 

demonstrate how to 

Data Show 

edit documents by use of Edit command. 



Replacement. 

edit and display a 

White board 

how to use Edit 

Ms-Word 

document. 

commands. 

Printer . 

4.2 Understand how to display documents in 

8 

deferent ways by the use of Display 

command. 

General Objective 5.0 Understand how to insert files, symbols and tables in documents 

9 5.1 Understand how to enhance a documents layout by use of the 

Explain 

and 

Course book 

Illustrate and explain practically methods to 


Computer lap 

format commands 


Data Show 

write enhanced document through some 



including font, paragraph, numbering, 

write 

enhance 

White board 

examples. 

how to use enhanced 

Ms-Word 

and border. 

document layout. 

document through 

Printer . 

some examples 

10 

5.2 Understand how to insert e symbols and 

Explain 

and 

Course book 

Illustrate and explain practically methods to 


Computer lap 

pictures in a document. 


Data Show 

write enhanced document through some 



write 

enhance 

White board 

examples. 

how to use enhanced 

Ms-Word 

11 

5.3 Use Tools to improve ‘body text’ by for 

document layout. 

document through 

Printer . 

example spell checker and thesaurus 

some examples 

12 5.4 Understand how to create and handle 

Explain and 

Course book 

Illustrate and explain practically table 


Computer lap 

tables in a document and use the 


Data Show 

handling through examples. 



flowing commands including insert, 

handle tables. 

White board 

how to handle tables 

Ms-Word 

remove , select , and table properties. 

Printer . 

28

13 

General Objective 6.0 Understand how to use of presentation software 

programs 

6.1 Understand the use of presentation 

Explain and 

Course book 

Illustrate and explain practically the use of 


Computer lab 

software programs including 

demonstrate the use 

Data Show 

Power point through real world examples. 


Windows program, 

PowerPoint. 

of Powerpoint and 

White board 

how to use the 

PowerPoint program 

6.2 Explain the Main menu of Power Point 

presentation. 

PowerPoint program. 

14 

6.3 Create new presentation, save and open a 

file. 

6.4 Understand how to insert and control 

slide. 

15 

6.5 Understand how to add effective 

animations to slides. 

6.6 Understand how to deliver presentation 

with Power point. 

Type of Assessment Purpose and Nature of the Assessment Weighting 

(%) 

Examination 

Final examination- (written) to assess Knowledge and understanding by of 

30 

way short answer questions. 

Test/ Short papers At least one progress test for feedback. 20 

Practical/ Coursework Practical exam to assess student ability to use MS-windows, Ms-WORD 

and Power Point program. 

50 

100 

29

Course Code: LTM121 Credit Hours: 5 HRS/WEEK 

Department/ Programme: LEISURE AND TOURISM 

MANAGEMENT 

Subject/Course: AIRLINE AND TRAVEL AGENCY OPERATIONS Theoretical: 2 hours/week 


General Objectives: On completion of this course the student should be able to:- 

1. Understand ownership organization and management structure of Airlines. 

2. Understand the responsibilities of statutory bodies involved in airline and travel agencies. 

3. Understand the various books being used by various airline and travel agencies. I.e. Official Airline Guide. 

4. Understand the importance and use of tour guides and brochures. 

5. Know the statutory bodies regulating Airline and travel agencies in Nigeria. 

6. Know the various International travel requirements 

7. Know the statutory bodies regulating Airline and travel agencies in Nigeria. 

8. Understand the principles of Itinerary planning and know how to locate cities on world maps. 

30

Department/ Programme: LEISURE AND 

Course Code: LTM: 121 Credit Hours: 5.0 

TOURISM MANAGEMENT 

Course: Airline and Travel Agency Operation Theoretical: 2 hours/week 




General Objective 1.0: Understand the types and functions of airlines and travel agencies. 

Week/s Specific Learning Outcomes Teacher’s activities Resources Specific 

Learning 

Outcomes 

1 1.1 Define Airline 

Brainstorm with the students to Textbooks Understand equipment 

2 

1.2 Identify the functions of airlines 

1.3 State various types of airlines 

1.4 Define travel agency 

1.5 Identify functions of travel agencies 

1.6 State the various types of travel agencies. 

know the level of their 

awareness. 

IATA 

Handbook on 

Airline and 

travel Agencies. 

used in International 

Airlines. 

General Objective 2.0: Understand ownership, organization and management, structure of Airlines 

2.1 Identify the ownership of various airlines and 

Use charts to show the 

Textbooks Know stationeries and 

travel agencies 

2.2 Explain the organization of the various airlines and travel 

agencies 

2.3 Explain the management system 

2.4 Explain the organizational structure of the various 

management systems 

2.5 Identify the prospects and problem of the various 

organizational and management structures 

organization structure of 

various Airlines. 

Journals 

documents used in 

International airline. 


Administrative 

structure in an airline 

Company. 

General Objective 3.0: Understand the responsibilities of statutory bodies involved in airline and travel agencies. 

Teacher’s 

activities 

Students to be enlightened 

on staff 

and organisation 

structure in 

International 

airline office. 

Resources 

OHTs 

31

3 

4 

5-6 

7 

8 

3.1 Identify the statutory body which regulate airline and travel 

agency operations 

Invite guest lecturers among 

local IATA members. 

Textbooks 

Journals 

Know equipment and 

operational system in 

3.2 Explain the duties of each body and how such duties are 

carried out. 

IATA – licensed 

Travel Agency. 

3.3 Explain the organization and operations of IATA, UFTAA, 

e.t.c. 

3.4 Explain the problems being encountered by; these 

organizations in their operations. 

General Objective 4.0: Understand the responsibilities of statutory bodies involved in airline and travel agencies. 

4.1 Identify the books and documents used by airlines and travel Procure prototype copies of Textbooks 

agencies i.e. (OAG) 

documents used by travel Journals 

4.2 Explain the nature of information contained in the books and agencies 

Computer 

documents 

softwares. 

4.3 Complete specimen documents 

Official Airline 

4.4 Use the books and documents in 4.1 above 

Guide.(OAG) 

General Objective 5.0: Understand the importance and use of tour guides and brochures. 

5.1 Define tour guide and brochures 

Organize an excursion to a Textbooks Students to know the 

5.2 Identify tour brochures. 

local tourist attraction. 

Journals special nature of 

tourist sites, which 

5.3 Explain the use; of tour guider and brochures 

makes them useful as 

5.4 Explain the importance of tour guides and brochures 

tourism asset. 

General Objective 6.0: Know the various international travel requirements. 

9 6.1 List various travel documents 

Take the students through textbooks To know relevant 

6.2 Explain the various custom regulations 

custom duty, Immigration and 

documents necessary 

6.3 Explain the entry, transit and cost regulation of 

Nigeria 

International documentation 

procedures. 

for international 

travels. 

Show students 

equipment and 

documents used by 

IATA travel 

agents. 

Explain the 

functions of 

equipment above. 

Explain to students 

special attributes 

and local attraction 

visited. 

Visit to 

International 

airport, and 

Explain to students 

the operation of 

customs posts, 

Immigration 

offices etc 

stationed them 

. 

transportatio 

n to chosen 

airport. 

32

with assistance of 

officers in those 

departments. 

General Objective 7.0: Know the statutory bodies regulating airline and travel agencies in Nigeria. 

10 7.1 Identify the various regulatory bodies, NCAA, NTDC, 

Arrange home assignments and 

Textbooks 

To learn custom 

internet 

NANTA, e.t.c. 

term papers on these before 

regulations in relation 

7.2 Explain the duties and functions of each body 

class discussions. 

to movement of people 

7.3 Explain the problem facing the bodies 

and goods across 

7.4 Security post September 11. 

international banks. 

General Objective 8.0: Know how to locate cities in the world. 

11 

8.1 List IATA geographical areas and their contents 

Textbooks 

Identify major word 

Lecturer to display 

maps 

8.2 Locate important cities in the world in each geographical 

Journals 

cities on world maps. 

word map showing 

areas and their 3-IATA City/Airport codes. 

Calculate major word. 

major cities. 

8.3 Calculate the currencies equivalence and the different 

12 

currency nomenclature e.g. Nigeria, Nairobi, Italy’s Lira 

General Objective 9.0: Understand the principles of itinerary planning. 

13 

9.1 Define itinerary planning 

Lectures Textbooks Currencies as 

Calculate currency 

calculators, 

9.2 Explain the basic principles of itinerary planning 

applicable in travel 

exchanges using 

internet. 

9.3 Explain the importance and problems associated with 

agency operation. 

approved exchange 

itinerary planning. 

rates. 

14 

9.4 Explain Embarking, Transit and Destination of individual 

passenger’s itinerary plus direct flight. 

9.5 Explain the uses of the sales record; card 

9.6 Explain the contents of SRC 

General Objective 10: Know the various bodies involved in airline and travel agencies operator in Nigeria. 

33

15 10.1 Identify the various airline umbrella organizations in Nigeria 

Lectures 

Textbooks 

Understand Structure 

Display 

BAR, AON etc 

Maps 

and administrative 

organisation 

10.2 Explain their functions 

framework for 

structural chart of 

10.3 Identify the umbrella body for travel agents and tour 

National Tourism. 

Tourism 

operators NANTA, FTAN, NATOP 

administration in 

10.4 Explain their functions 

Nigeria, showing 

10.5 Explain the effect; values or otherwise of these bodies 

the various bodies 

and how they are 

interrelated. 

Assessment: 


Coursework/ Assignments 50 %; group presentation and 50% individual report; 


Syratt &Archer (2003) Manual of Travel Agency practice, Oxford; Butterworth-Heinemann 

34

PROGRAMME: LEISURE AND TOURISM Course Code LTM 122 Credit Hours: 4 hours 

MANAGEMENT 

Area: SALES TECHNIQUES Type: Specialist Theoretical: 1 hours/week 

Year 1 Semester 2 Pre-requisite LTM 115 Tourism Marketing Practical: 3 hours/week 

GOALS:- This course is designed to enable the student acquire basic knowledge of sales techniques. 

General Objectives:-On completion of this course the diplomat should be able to :- 

1 )Know the concepts involved in sales techniques 

2 )Understand the factors that make a good salesperson 

3 )Understand the concepts of consumer behaviour 

4 )Understand the process of communication in sales techniques 

5 )Understand the selling process 

6 )Know the effective use of sales tools 

7 )Know the Role of technology in the selling process 

35

PROGRAMME: LEISURE AND TOURISM MANAGEMENT Course Code LTM122 Credit Hours: 4 hours 

COURSE: SALES TECHNIQUES Theoretical: 1 hours/week 

Year 1 Semester 2 Pre-requisite LTM 115 Tourism Marketing Practical: 3 hours/week 

Theoretical Content Practical Content 

General Objective 1.0: Know the concepts involved in sales techniques 

Week Specific Learning Outcomes Teacher’s Activities Resources Specific Learning Outcomes Teacher’s 

Activities 

1 

1.1 Distinguish between selling and marketing Discuss the concepts of selling Whiteboard 

Provide sources of 

1.2 Distinguish between formal and informal and marketing 

Students’ activity List the vacancies available in job vacancies and 

selling 

book 

one specific business area website addresses 

OHP 

Give website 

1.3 List the type of opportunities available in Discuss the implications of formal Data show Visit a local market and addresses 

2 

the workforce 

and informal selling 

identify 5 selling points 

Discuss the difference between 

Organise the visit 

jobs available in selling and 

Write a short report on the 

marketing 

activities 

Discuss the opportunities in the 

public and private sector 

General Objective 2.0 Understand the factors that make a good salesperson 

3 2.1 Identify the qualities of a good salesperson. Discuss the qualities that make a As above 

Good communication skills 

good salesperson 

and video camera Learn how to improve certain Guide students to a 

Product knowledge 

skills through the use of Role plays in Arabic 

Market knowledge 

techniques 

and English 

Knowledge of the customers and their Case studies 

needs 

Ability to deal with a range of 

customers 

Problem solving skills 

Resources 

Newspapers 

Website addresses 

Camera 

36

4 2.2 Identify the main incentives and 

Discuss the implications of 

exercise to carry on from 

commission for salespeople 

rewards for sales work 

previous week 

General Objective 3.0 : Understand the concepts of consumer behaviour 

5 3.1 Identify the different human 

Discuss Maslow’s hierarchy of 

apply theory to practice 

Group students to 

flipchart and pens 

motivational factors 

needs 

work on the 

identification of key 

3.2 List the different types of customers in the 

Case studies for customer types 

motivation to leisure 

retail/ service market and their motivation 

and needs 

and travel activities. 

Discuss result in the 

3.3 Define how to create a need in the market 

Case studies for creating a need 

light of Maslow’ 

for a product 

theory highlights 

General Objective 4: Understand the process of communication in sales techniques 

6 

4.1 Explain the principles of face to 

Discuss the importance of body 

Video 

visualize different behaviours 

video student during 

Films 

face communication between 

language, and oral expression in a 

in different situations 

role play and discuss 

Video camera 

salesperson and customer 

face to face situation 

outcomes 

projector 

Discuss the use of telephone 

selling Role plays 

7 

8 

9 

4.2 Explain the principles of written 

communication between 


Discuss the importance of 

adequate written communication 

to maintain contact between 


4.3 List the barriers to effective 

communication in selling (such as 

spatial issues, distractions, cultural 

issues, time pressures) 

Discuss the implications of these 

barriers to communication in 

effective selling 

General Objective 5 Understand the selling process 

5.1 List the steps in the selling process 

Discuss the importance of each 

step in the selling process 

• Opening the sale 

understand the principles of 

written communication and 

different styles in which this 

should be conducted 

guide students to 

write a summary of 

the key points of the 

communication 

process in a selling 

situation 

Video camera Guide students to 

Role Play exercise 

Follow up from 

37

• Presenting/demonstrating the product 

• Handling information requests 

• Handling objections 

• Closing the sale 

10 Visit a retail/ service 

organisation 

Write a short report based on 

observations 

General Objective 6.0: Know the effective use of sales tools 

11 6.1 List the tools used for effective 

Discuss the importance of tools 

selling. 

such as advertisements, 

promotional brochures, discounts, 

6.2 Classify the tools: electronic and non email, internet, faxes, boards, 

electronic sales tools 

posters, charts, TV, radio, 

newspapers 

General Objective 7.0 Know the role of technology in the selling process 

12 7.1 Explain the impact of technology trends in Explain the selling processes Internet 

Identify different selling 

the selling process 

where technology plays an 

techniques through the use of 

important role in and in-store 

different tools 

13 7.2 Identify the barriers of applying technology situation (customer orders, stock 

to selling 

control, goods or services 

delivery, invoices and payments) 

7.3 Explain the legal and security implications Discuss the main barriers to 

when using technology 

applying information technology 

to selling (such as costs, training, 

security issues related to 

14 7.4 Explain consumers rights and security payments) 

implications when using technologies in 

selling (backup systems, support resources Discuss the implications of the 

and audit trails) 

selling process online compared 

previous week 

Organise a visit to a 

retail/service 

organisation 

internet, brochures, 

38

with the in-store situation 

15 Integrated project on selling for 

a specified product and market 

Assessment: Coursework 50 %; Practical (role play and discussion) 50 % 

Competency: On completing the course, the student should be able to understand the process of selling and the role of technology in the sales process. 

39

Course Code: 

Credit Hours: 4 hours 

Department/ Programme: ND LEISURE AND 


LTM 123 

Subject/Course: INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY FOR TOURISM Theoretical: 0 hours/week 


GOAL : The course is designed to enable the diplomat have a knowledge of Information Technology in commerce. 

General Objectives :- On completion of this course, the diplomat should be able to :- 

1. Introduce students to Information and Communication Technologies 

2. Computer-based conference: Impact of E-meetings in business 

3. Internet in business practice: E-business and E-commerce 

40

Course: Information Technology and Tourism Course Code: LTM 123 Credit Hours: 4hours 


Week 

/s 

Year: 1 Semester: 2 Pre-requisite: LTM 116 Practical: 4 hours /week 



Specific Learning Outcomes Teacher’s activities Resources Specific Learning Teacher’s Resources 

Outcomes 

activities 

General Objective 1: 

41

1 

Define the principles of the Internet and how to 

Explain what is the Internet and how computers are linked to 

* 1 – 2 students per 

communicate to one another. 

PC 

navigate the World Wide Web (www): 

Explain the implications and opportunities of using electronic 

* Access to the 

2 

3 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Origins of the Internet 

How the internet works 

Getting an Internet connection: modem, 

intranet and Internet. 

Internet access via different devices (WAP 

phones, digital TV, Shop kiosks, and PC’s) 

What the World Wide Web (www) is 

URL Address: location of a web page 

(URL) 

Information on the world wide web 

How the information is organised 

Access specified web pages 

Using hyperlinks 

Use the Online and offline navigation 

functions 

communications for business. Explain what is an Internet 

Service Provider. 

Show pictures, if not available, of WAP telephones connected 

to Internet, Digital TV, and lay-outs of Cyber-cafes. 

Define the characteristics of the web address URL). 

Explain how the information is organised on the WWW (text, 

links to other pages, pictures, video, music and sounds and 

computer programs). 

Explain web site navigation browser 

Internet in all 

computers 

* Real player or 

Quick Time software 

available on all PCs 

* 4 black ink 

cartridges x printer 

per semester 

* 1 colour ink 

cartridge x 

Computer lab per 

semester 

Emphasise the importance of identifying good sources 

* Support handouts 

4 

of information 

on using the Internet 

 

 

 

Ways of finding information on the web 

Preparing a search & searching 

strategies 

Performing a search: Use of general and 

specific web search engine 

1 Computer x 

student. 

Handouts and 

Keyboarding 

Support 

materials in 

English 

 

Search Techniques: use of syntax and 

keywords to formulate a search query. 

42 

 

Locate web pages containing 

valuable/required data

5 

 

Print web pages 

software. Explain the component parts of an internet address 

(URL) and the basic structure of web sites. 

Explain the distinction between different types of search 

engines. Explain the importance of pursuing searches beyond 

the search result page(s) and the need to select material relevant 

to the query. 

Explain the effect of company policies and relevant legislation 

on the selection of appropriate materials. Reflect on 

information shown on the computer screen (technical school 

web site, E-mail browser, etc. 

Hands-on practice using browsers, hyperlinks, 

search engines, storing web based information and 

printing web pages. 

Practice different strategies for searching information on the 

web. Assign tasks such as: locate a specific web site and follow 

links, stating time limits. 

Introduce the English alphabetic keys in a computer keyword. 

Teach the proper technique in placing 

hand and striking keys in English using Microsoft Word for 

Windows. 

Practice on home, figure, and symbol keys. 

Practice using paragraphs, line-spacing, fonts, size and colours 

in a word document, checking that typing techniques are 

applied. Undo function. Saving and closing the application. 

Promote student practice on creating word documents applying 

correct keyboarding techniques in English. Promote weekly 

activities, such as homework, to monitor speed improvements 

in typing in English keyboards. 

43

5 

Principles typing techniques (keyboarding) in 

Introduce the English alphabetic keys in a computer keyword. 

1 Computer x 

English. 

student 

 

Identify and use of word processing 

correctly 

Teach the proper technique in placing hand and striking keys in 

English using Microsoft Word for Windows. 

Handouts and 

Loading Microsoft word 

Get familiar with the English keyboard 

letters and symbols 

Importance of good typing technique and speed in 

English. 

Practice on home, figure, and symbol keys. 

Practice using paragraphs, line-spacing, fonts, size and colours 

in a word document, checking that typing techniques are 

applied. Undo function, Saving and closing the application. 

Keyboarding 

Support materials 

in English. 

6 

Understand the practice of Word creation and the 

keyboard use. 

Promote student practice on creating word documents applying 

correct keyboarding techniques in English weekly activities, 

such as homework, to monitor speed improvements in typing in 

English keyboards. 

8 

Weeks 

7 

General Objective 2: Computer-based conference: Impact of E-meetings in business 

Describe the main principles of computer based Explain the importance of on online 

conference systems: E-meetings 

computer based communications (Emeetings), 

and his potential impacts in the 

Online Chat: use of Windows based office (advantages and disadvantages). 

 

messenger 

a. 1. Loading the software 

b. 2. Understand the use of main features 

c. 3. Setting username and password 

d. 4. Include contact personal names and 

e. companies 

f. 5. Setting Internet time for all parties 

g. 6. Netiquettes 

Note: Sessions that include online 

communication (MS Windows Messenger 

and/or ICQ) must be closely monitored in 

order to avoid unwanted external parties 

participating in the classroom session. 

Teacher should rapidly end an unwanted 

session initiated either by the student or by 

an external individual. 

Show how to download Messenger from 

Windows application, and explain each 

All PC’s connected to 

the Internet. 

At least 6 desk top 

digital video-cameras 

per computer lab. 

All Pc’s with 

microphone and 

speakers 

Handouts 

44

h. 

i. 7. Starting an online synchronous 

written 

j. communication 

feature in detail. Practice with students the 

registering process for a username and 

password and initiate a live conversation. 

Make sure the main features are in use. 

9 

k. 8. Use of microphone – oral 

synchronous 

l. communication 

m. 

n. 9. Use of video digital cameras in a 

Check that students apply typing techniques 

to minimise the online time, and value the 

online time (explain the value of setting an 

“internet time”, when e-meeting with 

international parties). 

o. synchronous communication 

p. 10. Send and receive attached files 

online 

q. 11. Closing an online synchronous 

r. communication conference session 

Make sure students know how to use a 

microphone and a camera in an online 

conversation using messenger. 

Explain how to close a session effectively. 

10 

 

Online Chat: use of ICQ 

1. Loading the software 

2. Understand the use of main features 

3. Setting username and password 

4. Creating a Chat room 

5. Locate chat rooms 

Explain main differences, advantages and 

disadvantages between Messenger and ICQ 

(I seek you). 

Show how to download ICQ from Windows 

application, and explain each feature in 

detail. Practice with students the registering 

process for a username and password and 

initiate a live conversation. 

Internet 

Ms Windows 

11 

6. Netiquettes 

7. Create list of contacts 

8. Starting an online synchronous written 

communication 

9. Attach, send and receive files online 

Check that students apply typing techniques 

to minimise the online time, and value the 

online time. 

Explain how to close a session effectively. 

Handouts 

using the software 

10. Closing a session 

Student practice on creating numeric data and 

spreadsheet documents applying correct keyboarding 

45

12 

Improving typing techniques in computer keyboards in 

English with MS Excel 

 

 

 

Correct position of hand on the keyboard 

using numbers 

Striking keys correctly 

Develop of speed using 10 fingers. 

Use of MS word and Excel main features in 

keyboarding in English: 

 

 

 

 

Change and arrange paragraphs, headings, 

columns and rows using correct typing 

techniques. 

Apply and adjust paragraphs, heading, 

spaces, fonts, size, colours, merge and delete 

rows and 

columns in word and excel documents using 

correct typing techniques. 

Save document and close applications 

techniques in English. 

Check on student’s typing technique and speed 

improvements when typing numbers and symbols. 

Practice with real data. 

Prepare weekly home-works to assure 

students practice the English keyboarding 

and main typing techniques. 

Every week select some student from the 

group to test their speed improvement when 

applying correct English typing techniques. 

Do not spend more than 10 minutes on the 

quiz or test. 

General Objective 3.0: Internet in business practice: E-business and E-commerce 

Explain the driving principles of the new 

practice of business 

economy and information economy trends. 

13 Explain the impact of information technology on the 

Understand the concepts of e-business 

The business models of e-commerce: 

Business to Business (B2B) and Business to 

Customers (B2C) e-commerce 

The scope and impact of e-commerce 

What an E-strategy is E-business strategies 

Enterprise logistics and resource planning 

Explain the dynamics of innovation and the 

organisational consequences of moving 

commerce to the internet. Explain the 

importance of information as the basis for 

products and production. 

Explain the main difference between: B2B & 

B2C 

Explain the appreciation of integrating 

Handouts 

Handouts 

Internet 

. 

46

14 

Opportunities and barriers of E-commerce 

Main methods to overcome barriers 

Planning an E-commerce strategy 

Define E-tailing 

Online stores and portals 

Principles of e-marketing and e-customer care 

Main features of an online store: browsing, 

ordering, secure payment, delivery, billing, 

returns and warranties. 

Evaluate the operations of a variety of 

Internet business: identification of 6 sites 

which includes e-tailing in some of the 

following areas: books, music, furniture, 

social events and conferences, electronic 

equipments, stationary, travel, baking, 

insurance, etc. 

Location of online stores that compete in the 

same sector. 

Understand the importance of security in the e-business 

(Transaction security, public key infrastructure, hackers, 

firewalls and e-mail security 

technology and business strategies. 

Explain main business opportunities of using 

e-commerce ( individual access to customers, 

shortening the supply chain, global access to 

web site, two ways interaction between 

customer and supplier, reduction of the need 

for premises, etc.). 

Identify the main barriers to the development 

of e-business within the business 

organisations ( lack of commitment to the 

project, no clear promotional or marketing 

strategy, channel conflicts, etc.) 

Explain what real-time communication with 

business on the internet means. Voice over. 

Start a live connection to the Internet. 

Explain the importance of customers for your 

business. Reflect with students on using 

Internet for marketing. Show some Nigeria 

(or other African countries) E-businesses and 

identify the way they do the online marketing 

of their products and/or services. 

Show online examples of successful Internet 

business (eg. www.amazon.com, 

www.cheapflights.com, www.barclays.com). 

Identify main features of the site: buying 

goods and or services, advertising products, 

general paying procedures. 

Ask students to identify two sites with all the 

main online store features. Practice bookmarking 

at least 6 sites relating to successful 

e-tailing examples from the web. Ask them 

47

15 

Identify main legal issues related to e-commerce 

Online privacy principles (data protection) 

Technology & policy frameworks for e- 

commerce Cyber law 

to locate at least 3 stores that compete in the 

same business arena. Define their individual 

competitive advantages 

Explain the importance of use of standard 

forms and electronic resources to assured safe 

trade, transactions and effective 

communications. 

Discuss security features in a e-commerce 

website (e.g. the bigger the padlock – a small 

yellow feature present at the bottom of the e- 

commerce website- the more the security in 

online transactions), importance of effective 

firewalls and use of passwords). 

Explain the need to understand net user’s 

attitude about online privacy (data 

protection). Legality of cookies in personal 

and corporate computer networks. 

Visit sites about Cyberlaw, to promote 

discussions on legal issues about impact of e- 

commerce in personal and corporate privacy 

rules. 

Assessment: 



Buhalis (2003) Etourism, HarlowPrentice Hall 

100% Practical based on ongoing assessed small tasks (4 by 25% each) 

Albert and Sanders (2003) E-business marketing, Pentice Hall 

Discuss disclaimers terms and conditions, 

intellectual property rights, online 

advertising, trading standard issues, and 

impact of other countries jurisdiction when 

trading. 

48

PROGRAMME: LEISURE AND TOURISM 

MANAGEMENT 

COURSE: Computer Application II CODE: Credit Hours: 4 

LTM: 124 Theoretical: 1 hrs/wk 

Year: 1 Semester 2 Pre-requisite LTM:116 Practical: 3 hour/week 

GOAL: The intent of the course is to understand the use of spreadsheet programs to perform different tasks such as mathematic and accounting 

applications 

GENERAL OBJECTIVES 

On completion of this course, the student will be able to: 

1. Understand the basic of spread sheet program 

2. Understand how to format new document 

3. Understand display methods in excel program and how insert files 

4. Understand how to handle pictures in excel program 

5. Understand page setup and how handle cells 

6. Understand how Handle chart and data in Excel program 

7. Understand the use of Macro in excel program. 

49

PROGRAMME :- NATIONAL DIPLOMA IN LEISURE AND TOURISM 

MANAGEMENT 

COURSE CODE:-LTM 124 CREDIT HOURS :4 

COURSE:- COMPUTER APPLICATION 11 Theoretical:- 1 hr/week 

Year 1 semester 2 Pre-requisite:LTM116 Practical:- 3hrs/week 


General Objective 1: Understand the basic of spread sheet 

program 

Week Specific Learning Outcomes Teacher’s Activities Resources Specific Learning 

2 

1 

Understand the use of Spread Sheet packages. 

- Use of excel program tool bar: 

Choices Menu 

Abbreviation 

Dialog Box 

Tool Bare 

Formatting Bar 

Explain and demonstrate 

the use of spread sheet 

packages and excel tool 

bars. 

Course book 

Data Show 

White board 

Computer with 

Excel program 

General Objective 2.0: Understand how to format new document 

Outcomes 

Illustrate the use of excel 

program tool bar: 

Choices Menu 

Abbreviation 

Dialog Box 

Tool Bare 

Formatting Bare 


Teacher’s Activities 

Explain and supervise students exercises to 

illustrate the use of excel program tool bar 

Resources 

Course book 

Computer network 

lab with Excel 

packages. 

50

3 

4 

5 

6 

2.1Understand how to create new document in 

appropriate format 

2.2Understand how to use Key Board 

abbreviation 

2.3 Understand how to create 

Bullets Statement, ,numbering Statements, 

Save document , Open & Close Document 

Using Multiple Document selection, Movements 

Text Copy, find and Replace. 

2.4 Know how to swap from English to 

other languages writing and the 

opposite. 

Explain and demonstrate 

the creation of New 

document in appropriate 

format. 

Course book 

Data Show 

White board 

Practical example to 

illustrate how to: 

Create a new Document 

Text Formatting 

Using Key Board 

,Bullets Statements 

Numbering Statements 

,document Saving ,Open 

& Close Document 

Using Multiple 

Document 

Selection & Movements 

Text Copy, Find and 

Replacement 

General Objective 3.0: Understand display methods in excel program and how insert files 

5.0 Understand how to display pages by use the 

flowing commands: 

Normal Display 

Planning Page Display 

Main Document Display 

Ruler Setting 

Insert File 

Insert Word Art 2.0 

Insert Symbols 

Explain and 

demonstrate the 

techniques used to 

display pages. 

Course book 

Data Show 

White board 


illustrate : 

Display Methods, 

Normal Display 

Planning Page Display, 

Main Document 

Display, Ruler Setting 

Insert File and Insert 

Word Art 2.0,Insert 

Symbol 

General Objective 4.0: Understand how to handle pictures and drawings in excel program 

Explain and supervise students exercises 

to illustrate the use of excel commands 

Explain and supervise students exercises 

to illustrate the use of excel commands 

Course book 

Computer network lab 

with Excel packages. 

Course book 



51

7 

- Understand the different pictures format 

Explain and 

Course book 

Practical example to illustrate how 

Explain and supervise 

Course book 

- Understand how to Insert Pictures in a document 


Data Show 

to : 

students exercises to 


- Understand how to use Drawing tools 


White board 

Insert Picture, Picture Formatting, 

illustrate the use of excel 


- Understand how to Create Drawings in a 

handle pictures and 

Drew Tools , Create Drew , 

commands 

document 

drawings. 

And Control and setting Drew 

8 

- Understand how to Control and set Drew tools. 

General Objective 5.0: Understand page setup and how handle cells 

9 

- Understand how to prepare and handle pages ; 

Explain and 

Course book 

Practical example to illustrate how to 


Course book 

Page setup, 


Data Show 

: 

students exercises to illustrate 


Page Numbering 


White board 

Page Numbers 

the use of excel commands 


Handling Tables 

handle pictures and 

Table Manu plate 

packages. 

Create Table 

drawings. 

Create Table 

The Net (display & Hidden) 

The Net (display & Hidden) 

Add New Rows & Columns 

Add New Rows & Columns 

Delete Rows & Columns 

Delete Rows & Columns 

Impact Cells 

10 

Impact Cells 

Disjoint Cells 

Disjoint Cells 

Formatting Of Manual & auto Table 

Formatting Of Manual & auto Table 

and Table Division 

Table Division 

General Objective 6.0: Understand how handle charts and data format in Excel program 

11 -Understand the charts and data format techniques 

Explain and 

Course book 

Practical example to illustrate how 


Course book 

Chart Types 


Data Show 

to 



Chart Formatting 


White board 

Create Chart, 

the use of excel techniques 


Data Sorting 

handle charts and 

Sorting data, 

and commands 

packages. 

Data Filtering 

data. 

Filtering Data, 

Data Validation 

and Validate data 

General Objective 7: Understand the use of different Computing forums in excel spread sheets. 

52

12 

- Understand the use of spread sheets formats in the 

Explain and 

Course book 



Course book 

process of computing, using different computing 


Data Show 

illustrate how to use 



formats such as SUM, 

techniques in 

White board 

different computing 



13 

Ratio, Percentage , Averages, Present value, Interest rate, 

computing 

techniques in spread 

and commands 

packages. 

…..etc. 

formats. 

sheets. 

14 

- Understand the use of macro in excel program ; 

Explain and 

Course book 



Course book 


Data Show 

illustrate how to : 



15 

create and save a new macro, Macro Setting, 


White board 

Create new Macro 



and Macro Running 

handle Macros 

Macro Setting 

and commands 

packages. 

and Macro Running 

Type of Assessment Purpose and Nature of the Assessment Weighting 

(%) 

Examination 

Final examination- (written) to assess Knowledge and 

30 

understanding by of way short answer questions. 

Test/ Short papers At least one progress test for feedback. 20 

Practical/ Coursework Practical exam to assess student ability to use of Excel program. 50 

100 

53

PROGRAMME: 


CODE:LTM 125 CREDIT HOUR 2 

COURSE: SPECIAL INTEREST LEISURE AND TOURISM Theoretical: 1 hours/week - 



GOAL:- This course is designed to enable the student acquire knowledge on the meaning and definition of special interest Leisure and 

Tourism. 

GENERAL OBJECTIVES:- On completion of this course, the diplomats should be able to:- 

1. Know the meaning and definition of special interest leisure and tourism 

2. Understand the basic of niche leisure and tourism terminologies. 

3. Know how to develop a market for special interest leisure and tourism 

4. Understand the Emergence of nature based tourism 

5. Understand the importance of culture based tourism 

6. Understand the importance of activity based tourism 

7. Understand the structure of special interest tourism packages 

54

Department/ Programme: NATIONAL DIPLOMA IN LEISURE AND TOURISM MANAGEMENT 

Subject/Course: SPECIAL INTEREST 

LEISURE AND TOURISM 

Course Code: LTM 125 Contact Hours: 2-0 

Credit Hours 2.0 


Year: 1 

Prerequisite: 

Practical: 1 hours /week 

Semester: 2 


Learning 

Outcomes 

General Objectives 1.0 Know the meaning and definition of special interest leisure and tourism 

Teacher’s 

activities 

Resour 

ces 

55

1 

1.1 Define special interest leisure and tourism 

Lecture and guidelines for 

Textbook OHTs 

Identification of 

guidelines given 

whiteboar 

1.2 Evaluate the demand for special leisure and tourism 

1.3 Identify special interest leisure and tourism activities using relevant 

examples 

1.4 Explain the effect of seasonality on demand in tourism. 

discussion, use of examples 

and OHT’s 

projectors or Power 

Point Projectors 

Text books 

special interest 

Leisure and Tourism 

forms 

for group 

discussion 

(students to be 

divided in pairs or 

d and pens 

brochures, journals, 

group of 3/4 

magazines, 

depending on class 

whiteboard and 

size) on brochures 

pens 

and internet based 

research 

2 

1.5 Classify tourists by the purpose of travel. 

slides, film etc 

identification of 

student to 

1.6 Classify special interest into their purpose of travel.. 

Tourism A modern 

typical Nigeria 

collect 

synthesis by 

examples 

2/brochur 

Stephen J. Page 

Participatory 

es from 

Paul Brunt to 

discussion. 

travel 

cornel& 

agents and 

Understanding 

work in 


group 

Medlik. 

using 

Heinemann 

fleepchart 

Publisher 

s or 

OHTs, 

color pens 

Internet 

WEEK 

General Objective : 2.0 Understand the basic of niche leisure and tourism terminologies 

2.1 Niche leisure and tourism: 


Text books, 

Divide class into 

3 

i. niche product 

illustration to include national 

brochures, 

2.1, 2.2 and 2.3 

groups (of 2/3/ or 

ii. niche service 

and international cases 

journals, 

4 according to 

iii. niche market’ 


numbers). Let 

iv. niche destination 

film etc 

each group 

56

4 

5 

WEEK 

v. niche attraction 

vi. niche resources 

2.3. Niche tourism supply and demand 

2.4. Identify potential niche product in the student locality 

3.0: Know how to develop a market for special interest leisure and tourism 

research into one 

of the special 

interest leisure and 

tourism listed 

topics (can be 

assigned by 

drawing topics 

from an hut – 

student to do this). 

Student to produce 

a working papers 

to be the basis of 

their assessed 

piece of work 

6 3.5 Understand small business operations 

3.6 know the principles of small organisations 


illustration to include local 

Textbook 

Identifying special 

interest leisure and 

student to make an 

inventory of 

internet 

3.7 Distinguish between recreation, entertainment and 

cases 

recreation provision 

natural and 

amusement in the context of niche leisure and tourism 

in the locality 

cultural resources 

provision 

of Nigeria 

4.0 : Understand the Emergence and provision of nature based tourism 

7 

4.1 Understand the relevance of the natural environment for 

special interst tourism 

Treat in logical order through 

delivery of lecture 

textbook and 

newspaper cuts 

acquire an 

understanding of 

Visit to a natural area 

Vehicle 

nature based tourism 

Map of Nigeria – 

8 

4.2 Define Eco-tourism 

4.3 Examine the emergence of Eco-tourism 

identification of 

natural areas and 

identification of a 

potential nature trail 

Physical 

map of 

57

9 4.4 Know the relationship between national park/games reserve 

and tourism 

4.5 Know the national parks in Nigeria 

Identify the role of 

National Parks 

for tourists. 

students to work 

on creation of a 

display for the 

natural 

area/national park 

visited (assessed 

Nigeria 

OHTs 

and 

pens 

. 

50%) 

General Objective 5.0: Understand the Emergence and provision of culture based tourism 

58

10 

5.1 Explain Religion as an Important special interest tourism. E.g. 

Hajji, trip to Jerusalem etc, international. 

5.2 Analyse importance of cultural events for special interest 

Lecture supported by use of 

case studies 

textbook OHT or 

PPP 

to be aware of the 

most relevant 

religious event and 

students divided 

into groups to 

research into the 

Map 

and 

pens 

tourism – exhibitions, festivals and events 

relevant gastronomy 

most relevant 

culture in Nigeria 

religious events 

and the most 

valuable 

internet 

gastronomic 

heritage in 

Nigeria and 

mark them on a 

map 

Student to 

produce a 

5.3 Assess the importance of Gastronomy for special interests 

produce a special 

religious trail 

11 

tourism 

interest tourism 

and a 

5.4 Explain cultural activities as a special interesting tourism – 

package 

gastronomic 

cultural Festival and crafts. 

trail as basis 

part of their 

group 

General Objective 6.0: Understand the Emergence and provision of activity based tourism 

12 6.5 Identify national and international of importance in activity- 

Lecture on the topics with 

textbook and 

understand the 

assessment 

2 hours 

Map of 

nigeria 

Internet 

Comput 

ers and 

OHTs 

based tourism (sport, adventure, etc.) 

references to be made on the 

brochure 

connection existing 

covering 6.1, 

6.6 Explain the growth of Health and fitness tourism in the past 10 

trends in Nigeria 

between demand of 

6.2, 6.3 student 

years. 

activity based tourism 

to identify 

59

and the Nigerian 

under 

13 

6.7 Explain adventure tourism as an important growing special 

context 

guidelines of 

interest tourism 

the tutor current 

Nigerian trends 


form the 

locality (i.e. 

hunting and 

fishing, spas 

and luxury 

health related 

packages, etc) 

General objective 

14 

7.0 Understand the structure of special interest tourism 

lecture 

textbooks and 

create a Nigeria based 

packages 

brochures 

niche tourism package 

15 

7.1 To identify the resources and services for a special interest 

tourism package 

7.2 to design a package 

Assessment: 


Natural Area/National Park display project 50% in pairs 

Special Interest tourism package presentation (50%) in group of 3/4 


Douglas et al (2001) Special Interests Tourism, Singapore:Wiley 

Novelli (ed 2005) Niche Tourism: contemporary issues, trends and case, Oxford: Elsevier 

60

Course Code: 

Credit Hours: 5 HOURS 

Department/ Programme: NATIONAL 

DIPLOMA IN LEISURE AND TOURISM 

LTM 211 

MANAGEMENT 

Subject/Course: AIRFARES AND TICKETING I Theoretical: 2 hours/week 

Year: Semester: Pre-requisite: Practical: 3 hours /week 

General Objectives: On completion of this course, the diplomate should be able to:- 

1. Know the concept and nature of Airline ticketing and tariff. 

2. Have knowledge of historical development of airline ticketing and fare discounting in airline operations. 

3. Know books and documents use in airfares and ticketing services. 

4. Know the codes, abbreviations and designations in booking Passengers. 

5. Understand how to use reference books in ticketing. 

6. Understand standard reservation procedure. 

7. Know the procedures for issuing different tickets and components of Airline fare. 

8. Demonstrate an understanding of Passenger queries, air tax tariff book and mileages (PAT). 

61

Course: AIRFARES AND TICKETING I Course Code: LTM 211 Credit Hours: 5 HOURS 


Week/ 

s 




General Objective 1: Know the concept of and nature of airline ticketing. 

1 1.1 Define airline ticket and the term tariff 

WEEK 

2 


Learning 

Outcomes 

(Time lectures with illustration Textbooks in Identify a ticket and 

1.2 Explain the components in the ticket 

1.3 Identify different types of tickets and define fare 

Basis 

1.4 Classify and give uses of computer in the ticketing. 

1.5 Draft and explain format of a domestic and 

international airline ticket 

using the relevant books 

documents and tickets 

airline 

troop/ticketing 

tariff. 

List the components in 

a ticket. 

List the different types 

of ticket and explain 

fare basis. 

Use computer in 

ticketing, 

Draw the format of a 

domestic and 

International Ticket. 

Teacher’s 

activities 

Display the 

whole body of a 

ticket and 

explain a tariff 

and fare basis. 

Explain the key 

points on the 

use of 

computer. 

Organise a trip 

to Airline or 

travel Agency 

booking office 

to show them 

the tickets. 

General Objective 2.0: Knowledge of the historical development of airline ticketing and fare discounting in airline operations. 

Historical Development of Airline Ticketing: 

Discuss and develop trends of Textbooks Demonstrate Airline Define history 

2.1 Trace the history of airline ticket services 

Nigerian and global perspective 

ticket services. 

of airlines. 

Resources 

Tickets 

Computer 

Handout on 

printed 

materials. 

Textbooks 

Tickets 

62

2.2 Give and explain the types of tickets used in the airline with 

periods 

2.3 Discuss airline ticketing services in Nigeria airline operations 

Illustrate and discuss fares 

relevant to topical issues 

Handout 

List the types of 

tickets used in the 

Explain the 

types of tickets, 

Handouts 

and identify four common categories of discounted fares. 

Case studies 

airline with periods. 

and state their 

2.4 Identify and discuss problem associated with airline in Nigeria 

services and the 

and at global level 

List four common 

problems 

categories of 

associated with. 

discounted fares. 

Identify problems 

associated with airline 

in Nigeria and in the 

world in areas of 

ticketing services. 

3 

General Objective 3.0: Know books and documents used in airfares and ticketing services. 

3.1 Identify and explain seven common fare bases 

Discuss and make analysis Obtain relevant 

3.2 Give the relevance of books and document used in airfares and 

and current 

ticketing 

Calculate Airfares 

books (Travel 

3.3 Identify four common categories of discounted fares. 

agency 

List Seven common 

fare bases. 

Identify the relevant 

Assign 

readings. 


Travel 

Agency 

Ticketing 

hand books. 

3.4 Demonstrate a functional understanding of fare basis codes. 

handbooks) 

documents used in 

airfare and ticketing. 

State four common 

categories of 

point on 

documents and 

airline ticketing 

services. 

Handout on 

printed 

materials or 

airline 

codes. 

discounted fares. 

Know a functional 

understanding of fare 

basis codes. 

General Objective 4: Know the codes, abbreviations and designations in booking passengers. 

4.1 Explain Air line codes Lecturer should emphasize Use airline tariff List and identify Travel 

63

4 4.2 Explain equipment codes 

4.3 Describe class of service codes 

4.4 Explain secondary codes 

4.5 Explain city codes 

daily 

Practices to get conversant with 

the codes etc. 

and airline 

booking 

Books world 

Maps 

codes, abbreviations 

and designations in the 

airline bookings. 

Agency 

Ticketing 

Handbook. 

5 

4.6 Describe special airport codes 

4.7 Explain time zone codes 

4.8 Explain ground zone codes 

4.9 Explain frequency codes 

General Objective 5.0: Understand how to use reference books in ticketing. 

5.1 Explain ticketing to city destinations 

Conduct regular practical 

5.2 Describe ticketing from city of (OMGH) 

exercises with hypothetical 

5.3 Explain direct flights 

cases. 

Charts with 

IATA 

Area zones 

International 

time zones, etc 

World map with 

cities, time 

zones 

Demonstrate how to 

use the OAG or ABC 

guide. 

Demonstrate the 

use of OAG or 

ABC guide. 

Handout on 

printed 

materials on 

airline 

codes, 

abbreviation 

and 

designations. 

Textbooks 

Handout 

IATA areas. 

6 

5.4 Explain connecting flights 

List resources for making a 


5.5 Describe maximum connecting time for every city served by 

connection. 

points in direct 

schedule flight 

Discuss maximum connecting 

and connecting 

times for every city. 

flights. 

Discuss 

minimum 

connecting 

time. 

General Objective 6: Understand standard reservation procedure. 

Use typical and illustrated cases 

Use ABC 

Carry out reservation 

Direct student. 

Textbooks 

7 

Air passenger 

procedure. 

Discuss problems of reservation 

tariff etc. 

Supervise 

Handout 

and their solution. 

Airline 

Design a reservation 

students in 

brochure, airline 

char. 

airline 

Sample of 

Discuss confirming, 

schedules etc. 

reservation 

reservation 

64

8 

6.1 List various information of reservation 

6.2 Explain the need for necessary information required 

for accurate and complete record 

6.3 Explain problems associated with reservations 

and their solutions 

cancellation and reconfirming 

of ticketing. 

Discuss reservation systems of 

all kinds of passengers. 

Use typical and illustrated Carry cares out airline 

activities on 

reservation computer 

system. 

computer. Use ABC card. 

Air passenger tariff etc 

Airline brochure, Computer airline schedules etc. 

system. 

6.4 Explain ticketing time transit for confirming, 

6.5 cancellation and reconfirming tickets 

6.6 Explain the reservation procedures for each 

9 

passenger first class travellers and coach travellers. 

6.7 Explain the reservations procedure for a special 

passenger, e.g. special meals, mothers with infants 

handicaps etc. 

6.8 Explain no-show and “go-show” passengers 

6.9 Work on an airline reservation computer system 

General Objective 7: Know the procedures for issuing different tickets and components of Air line fare. 

10 

7.1 State the principles of ticketing 

i. Illustration with emphasis 

Book, tickets 

Complete both 

Supervise 

Airline ticket 

7.2 Complete a conjunction ticket 

placed on tickets on practical 

vehicles for 

domestics and 

students 

sample MCO 

basis 

field trips etc. 

international ticket. 

practicals 

PTA 

11 

7.3 Write both domestic and international tickets 

ii. Students should be given 

(writing or 

7.4 Issue an MCO (Miscellaneous Charges Order) 

full lectures on the ethics of 

Audio visual 

Complete MCO and 

completing a 

Textbooks 

ticketing at a visited airline 

materials be 

PTA. 

conjunction 

12 

7.5 Issue a PTA (Prepared Ticket Advice) 

Booking Centre 

used. 

ticket MCO, 

Handout. 

7.6 Identify credit and two components of an airline fare. 

Explain, conation, ticket, fare 

Differentiate credit 

PTA, and both 

7.7 Complete a junction ticket 

calculation ladder and types of 

and two components 

domestic and 

Ticket Importer. 

13 

7.8 Write and interpret fare ladder 

special fare. 

of an air line fare. 

international 

Give the meaning of 

tickets) 

7.9 Recognise seven types of special fare. 

reconfirmation of a reservation. 

Write a conjunction 

14 

7.10 Reconfirmation 

ticket/fare ladder. 

State seven types of 

65

General Objective 8: Passenger queries, air tax tariff book, mileages (PAT). 

15 8.1 Explain the background information in the PAT 

Discuss the topics and give 

8.2 Identify the passenger Air Tariff Editions 

assignment. 

8.3 Describe the content per book. All PAT books, for EH/WH 

fare books, fares rules book. 

General rules book and maximum permitted mileages book 

Use of practical cares as in case 

studies 

Air passenger 

Tariff brooks 

special fare. 

Assessment: 


60 %; Practical 40 % Examination 


66

Course Code: 




LTM 212 

MANAGEMENT 

Subject/Course: LEISURE AND TOURISM MANAGEMENT Theoretical: 2hours/week 


GOAL: 

General Objectives: This course is designed to enable the students understand the concept and nature of Leisure and 

Tourism Management 

1. Understand the concept of Leisure and Tourism Management 

2. Understand Leisure and the needs of people 

3. Know the factors influencing Leisure participation 

4. Know the leisure products. 

5. Understand how to plan Leisure activities. 

6 Understand trends in the leisure industry 

7. Understand leisure provision in the public sector 

8. Understand Leisure provision in the voluntary sector 

9. Understand Leisure provision in the commercial sector 

10. Understand the concept of Tourism Management 

11. Understand the concept of Tourism Management 

67

Course: Leisure and Tourism Management Course Code: LTM 212 Credit Hours: 2 hours 


We 

ek/s 

Year: 1 Semester: 1 Pre-requisite: LTM.212 Practical: 0 hours /week 



General Objective 1.0: Understand the concept of leisure and Tourism Management. 

1 1.1 Describe the basic concepts of leisure and 

recreation management 

1.2 Explain Leisure as a social issue 


Learning 

Outcomes 

Define and Explain the basic Textbooks 

1.3 Analyse the Relationship between leisure, recreation and work 

concepts of leisure 

management. 

Enumerate Social problems and 

how leisure and recreation 

could be used to tackle them. 

Magazines 

Handouts 

Leisure activities and 

free time 

Teacher’s 

activities 

Student to 

identify needs 

and wants in the 

contemporary 

leisure 

environment 

Resources 

Explain the importance of 

recreation to work and workers 

health. 

General Objective 2.0: Understand Leisure and the needs of people 

2.1 State how leisure opportunity can help to meet some of the social Explain how leisure can be 

Textbooks 

2 

and physical needs of people. 

used to meet peoples need. 

Leisure activity and 

Student to 

2.2 Human motivation and Needs, Social and Needs. 

Printed 

consumption of space 

identify main 

2.3 Analyse the demands of leisure services 

Enumerate hierarchy of human 

materials from 

leisure 

needs. 

handout. 

complexes in 

the locality and 

Discuss demands of leisure 

their offer 

services. 

General Objective 3.0: Know the factors influencing Leisure participation 

68

3 

3.1 Explain the factors influencing participation, 

appreciate individual, personal and family. 

3.2 Influences on leisure participation and situational 

State clearly the factors which 

influence people’s participation in 

leisure. 

Textbooks 

Magazines 

Understand Leisure 

participation through 

Case study analysis 

. Video film 

VHS and 

VCR 

circumstances and leisure participation. 

3.3 List opportunities in leisure participation. 

Discuss the different opportunities 

abound in Leisure participation. 

General Objective 4.0: Know leisure Products 

4 4.1 Define leisure Product in the tourism context 

4.2 Describe Leisure and Analyse its implications for leisure services. 

4.3 Explain the leisure experience. 

Define leisure product 

Analyse the implication, list out 

Textbooks and 

Charts. 

Assess Recreational 

activity for different 

type of travellers 

In class 

exercise 

Flip chart 

and pens 

the ingredients experience. 

State clearly the conditions for 

leisure. 

General Objective 5.0: Understand how to plan Leisure Activities 

5.1 Explain leisure planning 

Define leisure planning. 

Textbooks. 

Guest speaker 

5 

5.2 Analyse the Planning Process 

5.3 Assess leisure demand in a given environment. 

Analyse the processes used in 

assessing the demand. 


planning process 

from the 

industry 

Illustrate with sample data. 

General Objective 6.0: Understand trends in the Leisure and tourism Industry 

6.1 Appreciate the use of information on trends. 

Provide information trends in 

Textbooks 

Assess demand and 

Student to do a 

6 

6.2 Understand Leisure expectations are rising 

6.3 Identify leisure as a growth industry. 

6.4 Understand Health, fitness and new life style as 

leisure related activities. 

the following areas – Leisure 

time, participation, consumer 

expenditure etc. 

Explain leisure as a growth 

Magazines 

Printed 

materials from 

supply of Leisure 

activities 

SWOT analysis 

on leisure 

opportunities of 

the locality 

industry. 

handout. 

Explain and site examples of 

health fitness. 

69

General Objective 7.0: Understand leisure provision in the public sector. 

7.1 Identify providers of leisure services and facilities. 

List out the Providers of leisure 

Textbook. 

Assess public sector in 

Student to 

Guest lecturer 

7 

7.2 Appreciate public sector services and facilities. 

services. 

leisure and tourism 

investigate the 

from the local 

public sector 

gov. to give a 

Discuss the public sector 

role 

speach 

services and facilities. 

General Objective 8.0: Understand leisure provision in the Voluntary sector 

8.1 Discuss Leisure in the voluntary sector 

Explain the concept with 

Textbook 

Assess the voluntary 

8 

8.2 Analyse leisure participation in Voluntary groups. 

examples of commercial and 

sector in travel and 

8.3 Mention the roles of V/Gs in the society. 

home based leisure facilities. 

tourism 

General Objective 9.0: Understand leisure provision in the commercial sector 

9 9.1 Discuss commercial providers of leisure services and facilities. Explain the importance of 

Textbooks 

In class Tutorials for 

9.2 Discuss Home based leisure 

leisure in the Voluntary sector. 

essay 

9.3 Tourism and holidays. 

List out the roles of Voluntary 

Video films. 

groups in the society. 

10 

General Objective 10: Understand the concept of Tourism Management 

10.1 Define Tourism Management 

Explain the concept with 

Textbooks 

In class Tutorial for 

10.2 Discuss the Management process 

examples of commercial and 

Video films 

essay 

home based leisure facilities. 

11 

10.3 Explain the Principles of Management in historical perspective. 

10.4 Understand the Management functional and practices in Leisure 

Discuss tourism and holiday. 

12 

13 

10.5 Describe Group behaviour in the Tourism Management setting. 

10.6 Mention Quality Tourism Management. 

General Objective 11.0: Analyse performance appraisal based on management by objectives. 

11.1 Explain the meaning of management 

Appraise management objectives. 

Text books 

by objectives. 

Videos 

14 

11.2 Know management information 

Explain management information system. 

70

15 

system. 

11.3 Appreciate performance appraisal. 

Evaluate performance appraisal and its 

implementation 

11.4 Know the its implementation 

11.5 Application of the MBO/performance 

appraisal management system. 

Assessment: 


Coursework/ Assignments 60 %; Examination 40% 

Indicative Textbooks & References: 

Page (2003) Tourism management: Oxford B&H 

Horner and Swarbrooke (2004) International cases in tourism management, Oxford: Elsevier. 

Fyall, Garrod and Leask (2003) Visitor Attractions), Oxford:B&H 

71

Course Code: 

Credit Hours: 6.0 



LTM 213 

MANAGEMENT 

Subject/Course: TOURISM PROMOTION Theoretical: 2.0 hours/week 

Year: 2 Semester: 1 Pre-requisite: Practical: 4.0 hours /week 

GOAL: This course is deigned to acquaint students with the basic knowledge of tourism promotion. 


On completion of this course the student should be able to:- 

1. Understand promotion in the travel and Tourism Industry 

2. Understand tourism advertising in promotion. 

3. Understand direct marketing in Tourism Promotion 

4. Understand Public relations and its use in the tourism Industry. 

72

Course: TOURISM PROMOTION Course Code: LTM 213 Credit Hours: 6.0 

Theoretical: 2.0 hours/week 

Week 

/s 

1 

Year: 2 Semester: 1 Pre-requisite: Practical: 4.0 hours /week 



General Objective 1: Understand Promotion in the travel and Tourism Industry 


Learning 

Outcomes 

1.1 Define Tourism Promotion 

Explain Tourism Promotion. 

Textbooks 

1.2 Distinguish between different sales promotion 

Discuss different sales promotions. 

Magazines, 

printed 

materials. 

Understand 

tourism 

promotion 

techniques 

Teacher’s activities 

Guide student through the use 

of different promotion material 

Resources 

Promotion 

material 

such as 

brochures 

and internet 

2 

1.3 Relate their use in achieving differing objectives 

1.4 Indicate the stages in campaign Planning for tourism 

promotion 

State their uses. 

Explain the various stages in campaign 

planning. 

textbook 


process of 

campaign 

Guide student to identify 

priority for a chosen tourism 

destination 

Flipchart 

and pens 

planning 

1.5 Evaluate the effectiveness of campaign 

Analyse the effectiveness of promotion 

Use examples 


Direct students to design 

3 

1.6 Explain the role of exhibition, workshops and 

campaigns. 

from industry 

role of exhibition 

porters for an exhibition on a 

presentations on the travel and tourism Industry. 

and workshops 

particular theme. 

Explain the importance of workshops, 

exhibition and presentation. 

4 

General Objective 2: Understand Tourism Advertising in Promotion 

2.1 Define advertising 

Explain advertisings. 

2.2 Explain the purpose of advertising 

Explain the purpose of how to create 

Textbooks 

Handout 

Create an advert for a 

leisure or tourism 

Direct students to 

produce and participate in 

videocamera 

effective advertising. 

related product 

radio and TV jingles of 

various tourist 

destinations. 

73

5 

2.3 Explain how to create effective advertisements 

2.4 Indicate the role of the advertising agent. 

Discuss the role of advertising agent. 

Videos on 

adverts 

VCR 

Compare and contrast 

adverts 

.Show advert made by 

students and 

discussion 

Videos and 

VCR 

6 

2.5 Explain the factor behind choice of media 

2.6 Explain the need to plan for promotional budgets. 

Highlight on the choice of media. Understand the 

process of promotional 

Guide students to make a 

promotional budget 

PCs 

budgets 

7 

General Objective 3: Understand direct marketing in Tourism Promotion 

3.1 Define Direct marketing 

Explain direct marketing. 

3.2 Distinguish between the various forms of direct Explain the difference of various forms 

marketing promotion. 

of marketing promotion. 

Textbooks 

Handout 


process of direct 

marketing and 

Direct students to design 

postcards for mailing, and 

for making direct contact 

Cardboard 

papers and 

papers. 

. 

different tools 

on house to house basis. 

8 

3.3 Explain the benefits which direct marketing offers over 

other forms of marketing communication. 

Explain the benefits of direct marketing over 

other forms of communication 

Continue from 

previous session 

PCs 

9 

3.4 Explain how each form of direct marketing can be 

successfully applied. 

Discuss the principles and techniques 

used in direct marketing applied 

Assess different work 

produced in previous 

Help students to evaluate 

different work produced 

PCs 

(forms). 

session 

10 3.5 Mount a successful direct mail campaign 

3.6 Explain the benefits of the computer database as an aid 

Explain on the success of direct mail 

campaign. 

Write a meaningful 

brief for a mail 

Direct students in the 

writing process 

PCs 

to direct marketing in tourism promotion. 

Explain the use of database as an aid to 

campaign 

direct marketing in tourism promotion. 

11 

General Objective 4: Understand Public relations and its use in the tourism Industry 

4.1 Define Public relation, characteristics and its role in Explain the recent public relations Textbooks 

tourism promotion 

Handouts 


different way of 

conducting PR 

Have group discussion 

and summarize the key 

points. 

Textbooks 

Handout. 

12 4.2 Compare the benefits of public relations (PR) 

campaign with other forms of communication. 

Compare the benefit of public relations 

over other forms of communication. 

Help student in producing 

a PR campaign 

74

13 

4.3 Identify the role of the public relations offices (PRO) 

List the role and function of public 

Discussion on previous 

and the functions of PR. 

relation officer. 

session 

4.4 Explain how Public relation campaign are mounted. 

Discuss how public relation campaign 

4.5 Evaluate alternative approaches to gaining publicity. 

are mounted or carried out. 

14 

Assess alternative approaches to gaining 

publicity. 

4.6 Explain the importance of measuring the success of all 

Evaluate the importance of measuring 

15 

promotional techniques. 

the success of all promotional 

techniques. 

Assessment: 


Group Presentation of results of practical work 100% (based on 4 different work produced) 


Tapp A (2000) Principles of Direct and database marketing, Harlow: prentice Hall 

Smith and Taylor (2004) Marketing Communication London: Code and Page 

75

PROGRAMME: NATIONAL DIPLOMA IN LEISURE AND Code: LTM 214 



Course: Office Practice Pre-requisite: none 

Theoretical: 1 hours/week - 25% 

Year 2 : Semester: 1 

Practical: 3 hours/week - 75% 

Course /Goal: The module is intended to equip students with overall knowledge of the key function of the office role of the office in relation to the business world. 

General Objectives: On completion of this course the student should be able to:- 

1.0 Know the functions of an office in an organisation. 

2.0 Understand types of office structure. 

3.0 Know the meaning and functions of a registry. 

4.0 Understand the uses of the various mailroom equipment (office mail & services). 

5.0 Know the functions and services of the Post Office and other special deliveries. 

6.0 Understand the services of NITEL and other communication services.. 

7.0 Know common office terms, acronyms, abbreviations and slips. 

8.0 Understand the types, importance and functions of office equipment. 

76

PROGRAMME: NATIONAL DIPLOMA IN LEISURE AND 


Code: LTM 214 

Credit Hours: 4 x week 

Course: Office Practice I Pre-requisite: NONE 


Semester: 1 




Week 

General Objective 1.0: Know the functions of an office in an organisation. 

Teacher’s Activities Resources Specific Learning Outcomes Teacher’s 

Activities 


Resources 

1 

1.1 Define an office. 

- Give students various 

1.1 Watch video clips 

- Show 

-Overhead 

1.2 State the functions of and office. 

definitions of an office. 

Textbooks 

of a modern office. 

students 

projector 

- Explain the functions 

various video 

- Slides 

1.3 Explain the importance of an 

of an office, e.g. 

Handouts 

1.2 Show pictures, 

clips on the 

- Video 

2 

office to a business organisation. 

receiving, storage, 

layout of modern 

modern 

Cassettes 

1.4 Describe work environment. 

reviewing, etc. 

Visual examples 

offices 

office 

- Computer 

- Explain the importance 

pictures and 

of an office to a 

posters of 

business organisation. 

modern 

- Explain work 

offices. 

environment and how 

the office can be 

arranged. 

77

General Objective 2.0: Understand types of office structure. 

3 2.1 Explain various organisation 

- Posters, diagram of 

- Posters 

2.1 Draw an 

-Guide 

-Organizational 

structures. 

organization structures. 

- Books 

Organisation chart. 

students in 

chart 

2.2 List the functions of the 

- Handouts 

2.2 Show different types 

drawing an 

-Projectors 

various units of the 

- Explain the functions of 

- Books 

of office layout. 

organisation 

-Video 

organisation. 

the various units in an 

- ICI I 

2.3 Identify key 

chart. 

-Cassettes 

2.3 List the factors affecting 

organisation and factors 

Syllabus 

ergonomics in the 

- Show 

-Chalkboard 

location of an office layout. 

that affect office 

- Office 

work place. 

difference 

-Whiteboard 

location. 

furniture 

types of office 

-Chalkboard, 

catalogue. 

layout. 

Whiteboard 

- Refer students to the 

-Explain the 

- OHP 

UNIT 113 (ICI I) when 

ergonomics in 

- Video clips 

they study the principles 

the work 

- Flip chart 

of ergonomics in the 

place. 

work station. 

-Student 

activity 

drawing 

various 

office layouts ideal 

taking into account 

environmental 

factors (temperature, 

noise, illumination). 

General Objective 3.0 Know the meaning and functions of a registry. 

78

4 

5 

3.1 Describe a registry 

3.2 State the functions of a 

registry. 

3.3 Identify the merits and 

demerits of a centralized 

registry. 

- Define a registry. 

- Explain the functions of 

a registry. 

- Explain the differences 

between centralized and 

decentralized registry 

and their advantages/ 

disadvantages. 

-Registry 

equipment. 

-Law books. 

-Books 

- handouts 

3.1 Identify the types 

of registry – open, 

secret, etc. 

6 3.4 Identify factors that should 

be considered when 

deciding on types of 

registry. 

3.5 List the registry personnel. 

3.6 Establish the duties of 

registry personnel. 

General Objective 4.0: Understand the uses of various mailroom equipment. 

7 4.1 List and identify 

the various 

mailroom 

equipment. 

4.2 Demonstrate use of 

the mailroom 

equipment. 

. 

-Display various 

clips of office 

registry for 

students to see. 

- Visit the office 

registry of an 

organization. 

-Explain the 

various steps 

mails are 

handled. 

-Explain/list 

the various 

mailroom 

equipment. 

-Demonstrate 

the use of the 

various 

mailroom 

equipment 

and machines. 

-Registry equipment 

- Projectors 

- Video 

equipment. 

- Contacts with 

Registry 

offices in 

local 

organisation. 

-Date stamping 

machines. 

-Shredder 

-Delivery 

trolleys 

-Staplers 

-Punches 

-Addressing 

machines. 

-Sealing 

machines 

-Stamps, etc 

79

General Objective 5.0: Know the functions and services of the Post office and other special deliveries. 

8 5.1 List services provided by the Post Office 

e.g. EMS, Registered Mails, Money 

Orders, Parcel Post, Advice of Deliveries, 

Airmail, etc. 

- Explain the various 

services rendered by the 

Post Office. 

- Explain the various 

-Chalkboard 

-Brochures 

-List of prices 

5.1 To provide with 

practical 

experience visiting 

public and private 

5.2 List the various public and private 

courier services. 

postal services. 

. 

9 

services eg DHL, UPS, etc. 

General Objective 6.0: Understand the services of NITEL and other communication services. 

10 6.1 List the services of NITEL eg local/long -Explain the services and 

-Brochure 

6.1 Identify other types 

distance calls, international calls, fax operation rendered by 

-List of prices 

of communication 

messages, Internet. 

NITEL. 

services, eg GSM, 

etc. 

General Objective 7.0 Know common office terms, acronyms, abbreviations and slips. 

-Organise a 

trip to the 

Post Office. 

-Get students 

in groups to 

ask relevant\ 

questions 

about postal 

services. 

-Give students 

case study to 

select 

appropriate 

mail 

services. 

-Organise a trip 

to NITEL and 

NIPOST. 

-Specimens of 

items listed in 

5.1. 

-Contacts with 

local Post 

Office. 

-NITEL Cards 

-Handsets 

-Telephone 

box 

-Refill cards 

etc. 

80

11-12 7.1 List most common office terms, acronyms, 

abbreviations, etc. 

- Explain the common 

office terms that are in 

use. 

Handouts 

General Objective 8.0 Understand the types, importance and functions of office equipment. 

13 8.1 Establish the importance of the 

-Explain the importance of 

-Handouts 

various office equipment. 

the various equipment. 

-Pictures 

-Posters 

14 8.2 List the functions of the office 

-List and explain the 

-Magazines 

equipment. 

functions of office 

equipments. 

15 State the advantages/disadvantages of using some 

equipment. 

-Explain the advantages/ 

disadvantages of each 

equipment. 

ASSESSMENT CRITERIA 

Coursework 

Course test 

30% 

% 

7.1 Identify and 

explain the use of 

office slips and 

common terms eg. 

Urgent, immediate, 

etc. 

List the types of key office 

equipments. 

Practical 

% 

- Explain the -Various Slips 

use of office - Group work 

slips and 

game form 

common terms. (scrambled 

words, 

- Group 

memory 

work/game to cards, etc). 

identify 

various 

(Hidden) 

acronyms and 

office slips. 

List and explain the -Computer 

general of key -Photocopies 

office equipment. -Franking 

machine 

-Shredder 

-Fax machine 

-Scanner 

-Guillotine 

-Filing cabinets 

-Scanner etc. 

Other (Examination/project/portfolio) 

70% 

81

Course Code: 




LTM 221 

MANAGEMENT 

Subject/Course: SUSTAINABLE 


TOURISM 


GOAL: This course is designed to enable the student acquire basic knowledge of sustainable tourism 

General Objectives: On completion of this course the diplomate should be able to: 

1.0 Understand Antecedents of sustainable development 

2.0 Understand the concept of sustainable leisure and tourism. 

3.0 Understand the concept of sustainable Tourism development 

4.0 Relate sustainable tourism development and economic restructuring 

5.0 Understand the relations between tourism, society and culture and sustainability 

6.0 Identify the tools for sustainable tourism management. 

82

PROGRAMME: NATIONAL DIPLOMA IN LEISURE AND 


Course 

Code: LTM 

221 

Credit Unit 2 

Course: : SUSTAINABLE TOURISM Theoretical: 2 hours/week 

Week 

/s 




General Objective 1.0 Understand Antecedent of sustainable Development 



1 1.1 Explain changing attitudes towards nature 

WEEK 

in Western Society 

1.2 Explain Romantics Vision 

1.3 Explain the Rise of progress conservation 

1.4 Explain Antecedents 


Learning 

Outcomes 

Discuss the changing attitude Textbooks To understand the 

towards nature 

Discuss Romantic Vision 

Discuss the rise of progress 

conservation 

Explain Aristae Ecotowition 

Discuss Antecedents. 

General Objective 2.0: Understand the concept of sustainable leisure and tourism 

importance of the 

environment in 

(natural, social and 

cultural terms) 

Teacher’s 

activities 

To discuss with 

students the 

importance of 

certain 

resources. 

Student to 

produce a list of 

resources to be 

preserved 

Resources 

Flip chart 

and pens 

2 

Specific Learning Outcome Specific Learning Outcome 

2.1 Define sustainable leisure and tourism 

Lecture supported by use of 

examples 

Textbook 


concept of 

Show video on 

VCR 

2.2 Apply the concept of sustainability to different leisure and 

sustainability through 

mass tourism 

tourism scenarios 

the use of examples 

followed by 

2.3 Define development 

Explain the relationship 

(i.e. mass tourism vs 

discussion 

2.4 Understand the relationship between sustainability and 

small scale tourism) 

development (contrasts and interactions) 

83

Specific Learning Outcom narrate sustainable Textbook 

. 

WEEK 

3 

General Objective 3.0: Understand the concept of Sustainable Tourism Development 

Specific Learning Outcome 

Lecture of theoretical 

Textbook 

3.1 Explain sustainable developments and Tourism 

approaches to sustainability 

3.2 Explain sustainable Tourism as a problem of Scale. 

Highlight on the problems of 

Understand Mass vs 

niche tourism and 

sustainability 

Use of 

examples and in 

White board 

and pens 

3.3 Explain the Time Scale involved. 

scale 

Understand long term 

class discussion 

Explain the Time scale 

vs short term benefits 

4 

3.4 Explain the sustainable development framework - sustainable 

development in environmental, socio-cultural and economic 

terms 

Discuss community 

5 

3.5 Explain Community participation 

3.6 Identity a tourist 

3.7 Illustrate the corporate dimension 

Define Community Rent. 

Identify a tourist 

Highlight the corporate 

dimension 

Assess the community 

involvement in 

decision making 

process 

In class 

discussion 

6 

3.8 Explain the Regulatory contest of sustainable development 

Discuss the regulatory contest 

3.9 Identify the role of the Community in the SD framework (i.e. 

of sustainable tourism 

the community as owner of the resources and their 

development 

responsibility towards them) 

WEEK 

General Objective 4.0: Relate sustainable tourism development and economic restructuring 

7 


5.1 Evaluate the economic impact of tourism 

5.2 Explain the new forms e g consumption i.e. opportunity for 

Explain the new forms of 

consumption 

Discuss the sustainable 

Textbook 

Use examples form 

other African countries 

Assess the 

economic 

Flip chart 

and pens 

sustainable tourism? 

Tourism Regulation 

with an active tourism 

impact 

Explain the political economy 

industry 

8 

5.3 Analyse the sustainable Tourism Regulation 

of sustainability 

84

5.4 Explain the political economy of sustainability (developed 

world vs developing world) 

WEEK 

General Objective 5.0: Understand the relations between tourism, society and culture and sustainability 


Explain the geographical Textbook 

Use examples from 

Assess the 

Flip chart and 

9 

5.1. Evaluate the social impact of tourism 

Explain Indigenous 

wildlife tourism in 

socio-cultural 

pens 

Masailand, East Africa 

impact of 

10 

5.2 Understand the Geography indigenous people 

Lecture 

Textbook 

Analyse Developing 

tourism (i.e 

5.3 Define community based tourism 

Indigenous tourism 

prostitution in 

Discus Indigenous in South 

Thailand) 

Discuss the wildlife in 

Masailand of East Africa 

Textbook 

Continue for previous 

week applying concept 

Explain developing indigenous 

to Nigeria 

Indigenous tourism 

11 

5.4 Assess Indigenous involvement in tourism in Nigeria 

Analyse the could of 

indigenous tourism 

WEEK 

General Objective 6.0: Identify the tools for sustainable tourism management 


Explain the tools for 

Textbooks, 

Understand ways of 

Lecturer to 


12 

6.1 Outline the tools for Sustainable Tourism 

sustainability Tourism 

Journals 

managing tourism in a 

guide student to 

pens 

Explain the carry capacity 

sustainable manner 

identify ways of 

limiting 

13 

6.2 Understand the concept of carrying capacity in leisure and 

Analyse the Environmental 

Textbook 

environmental 

tourism. 

impact assessment e g 

and socio- 

sustainability tourism 

Textbook 

cultural al 

14 

6.3 Understand the importance of ethics in leisure and tourism 

Explain the cumulative effects 

impacts 

operations 

assessment 

Explain Ecological sustainable 

Textbook 

Use video by 

15 

6.4 Understand the importance of code of conduct in leisure and 

development 

Tourism 

tourism 

Discuss integrated resource 

Textbook 

concern 

. 

Management, social values and 

“Looking 

85

ethic Textbook Beyond the 

Brochure” 

(Gambia) 

Assessment could consist of an individual essay 60% (2,000 words on the concept of sustainable tourism) and a group presentation 40% on a sustainable tourism case study . 

Holden (2000) Environment and Tourism, London: Routledge is only an example. 

86

Course Code: 




LTM 222 

MANAGEMENT 

Subject/Course: ART HERITAGE AND 


CULTURE 


GOAL: 

This course is designed to enable the student acquire knowledge of Nigeria’s diverse Cultural Resources for Tourism Promotion 

GENERAL OBJECTIVES: 

On completion of this course, the diplomate should be able to: 

1.0 Know the major ethnic groups of Nigeria 

2.0 Identify the different distinct physical structures of the major tribes. 

3.0 Know the important Cultural Festival in Nigeria 

4.0 Identify the major Cultural Festivals in the six geopolitical zones. 

5.0 Know the impact of Cultural ceremonies on tourism Promotion in Nigeria 

6.0 Know the role and importance of land marks in tourism. 

87

Week/ 

s 

1 

2 

3 

4 

PROGRAMME: NATIONAL DIPLOMA IN LEISURE AND TOURISM MANAGEMENT 

Course Code: LTM 

222 


COURSE: ARTS, HERITAGE AND CULTURE Theoretical: 2 hours/week 




General Objective 1.0 Know the major ethnic groups of Nigeria. 

Specific Learning Outcome Teacher’s activities Resourc 

es 

1.1 Identify the mix ethnic groups of Nigeria 

1.2 Trace the history of these mix of ethnic groups mentioned in 

1.1 above using the following parameters. 

a) Origin 

b) Location 

c) Language and occupation 

d) Arts and crafts 

e) Marriage pattern 

f) Food and life pattern 

g) Sacrification 

h) Festivals. 

Term paper to be present by 

different students in class. 

Discuss the origin plot the 

different location into the map 

of Nigeria. 

Explain the languages and the 

occupations. 

Discuss the Arts and Cultures. 

Discuss the Marriage partner 

Discuss the foods life partner of 

each ethic group 

Explain the Sanctification 

Explain the festival 

Textbooks 

Journals 

Magazines 

Maps 

Textbook 

Journals 

Magazine 

Maps 


Outcomes 

Identify the unit of ethic 

groups of Nigeria 

Trace the history of these 

mix of ethic groups in 1.1 

above using the following 

parameters. 

General Objective 2.0: Identify the different distinct physical structures of the major tribes. 

2.1 With the aid of a map show the location of the major ethnic Brain storm and present the Textbooks Draw a map of Nigeria 

groups as in 1.1 above 

2.2 Describe the inverted traditional systems of administration of 

the three major ethnic groups in Nigeria. 

different dresses to the class by 

the different representative of 

the culture in the class. 

Journals 

Maps 

Showing the major ethic 

group 

Teacher’s 

activities 

Draw the map 

of Nigeria and 

fix each ethic 

group into the 

appropriate 

position 

Explain the 

ways of life e g 

each ethic 

group. 

Divide the class into 

various ethics group 

and let them 

demonstrate their 

Marriage pattern , 

and positives 

Draw the map e 

g Nigeria 

Showing the 

Resources 

Textbook 

A chart 

containing 

map of 

Nigeria 

Map of 

88

2.3 Compare and contract the dressing mode of the three main 

ethnic groups in Nigeria 

Identify the 3 ethic groups 

Identify the differences of the 

mode. 

Textbook 

Journals 

Maps 

Trace the origin of the facial 

mark of the main ethic 

group 

major ethic 

group. 

Nigeria 

Textbook 

5 

2.6 Explain the scarification (tribal marks) of the three 

main ethnic groups in Nigeria 

2.7 Discuss the importance of the facial marks as in 

1.6 above. 

Discuss the scarification of the 

three main ethic groups of 

Nigeria. 

Explain the importance of the 

facial marks 

Textbook 

Journals 

Maps 

Different 

dresses from 

ethic group 

a textbook 

6 

General Objective 3.0 : Know the important cultural festivals in Nigeria. 

3.1 Define and explain the term festival 

3.2 Classify festival under the following headings: 

a) Religious and cultural 

Textbooks, 

Journals 

Magazines 

Narrate a particular 

festival one by one in 

the class 

Guide the class 

while the 

narrating is 

. 

b) Occupational and sports 

Maps 

going on 

3.3 Trace the origin of each of the following national festivals in 

7 

Nigeria e.g.: 

i) National festivals 

Draw out a calendar of 

Organise the 

a) Independence day celebration 

some ethic group 

Excursion to 

b) Children day celebration 

Osun. 

c) May day celebration 

ii) Religious Festivals 

Group visit to Osun 

a) Id-el Fitri and Id-el Kabir 

Osogbo 

b) Christmas 

c) Ogun Festival 

d) Alekwu 

8 

iii) Cultural Festival 

a) Eyo - among the Yorubas 

b) Oro – Also among the Yorubas 

c) Ovia Osese – Among the Ogoris 

d) Sharo or Shadi – Among the Fulanis etc 

General Objective 4.0 Identify the major cultural festivals in the six geopolitical zones. 

89

9 

4.1 Occupational Festivals 

a) New yam festival in the South especially among the Ibo 

Textbooks, 

Journals 

Group 

Textbook 

speaking people 

Magazines 

assignment and 

b) Argungun fishing festival etc 

maps 

discussion 

4.2 Sport Festival 

a) Dambe 

b) Kokuwa 

c) Argungu fishing festival 

Select a notable 

festival for the 

Textbook 

students to visit 

10 

4.3 Identify were the festivals in 2.3 are in Nigeria and when they; 

are held 

4.4 Discuss the importance of the various festivals in 2.3 above 

4.5 Explain the importance of the festival in 2.3 

4.6 Describe and state the importance of masquerades among the 

various ethnic groups in Nigeria. 

WEEK 

11 

General Objective 5.0: Know the impact of cultural ceremonies on tourism promotion in Nigeria. 

5.1 Describe the common social ceremonies in Nigeria e.g. Durbar Arrange for a group Textbooks Carry out a mini Igogo 

Arrange for a 

or display 

Tour where students can 

Magazines 

and Duber festivals 

group tour 

5.2 Discuss the royal ceremonies among the various ethnic groups 

witness any of this 

Journals 

where students 

in Nigeria e.g. Igogo festival in Owo Ondo State Eyo in Lagos. 

festivities. 

Prepare an annual plan 

can witness any 

Etc. 

of visit to the various 

of this 

Arrange for visit to the 

festivals in Nigeria 

festivities 

12 

5.3 Prepare an annual plan of visit to the various festivals in 

various festival in Nigeria. 

Nigeria 


Identify the roles which 

5.4 Explain the importance of ceremonies to the development and 

ceremonies to the 

music, dance and drama 

promotion of tourism in Nigeria 

development and promotion 

play in the cultural 

of tourism in Nigeria 

festivals in Nigeria. 

13 

5.5 State the roles which music, dance and drama play in the 

Analyse the roles which 

cultural festivals in Nigeria 

music dance and drawing 

Trace the origin e g the 

play in the cultural festival 

Bilikitu Sungbo and 

in Nigeria 

Long juju of 

90

Arochukwu 

WEEK 

14 

General Objective 6.0: Know the Role and importance of land marks in tourism 

6.1 Identify the important land marks in Nigeria e.g. 

Hills, falls, springs lake etc. 

Teachers Activities 

Resources 

6.2 Discuss the source of the water falls in Nigeria e.g. Assop Identify importance land Text books 

falls in Jos, etc. 

marks in Nigeria e.g Hills Journal, 

Produce a list of 

Art heritage and 

cultural 

landmarks of 

Internet, 

Posters, and 

PC and 

printers 

falls, springs lake etc. 

Magazines 

Nigeria 

15 

6.3 Explain some common shrines in Nigeria e.g. 

Arrange for a visit to a 

Bilikisu sungbo, long juju of Arochukwu etc 

nearby land mark in your 

6.4 Trace the origin of the shrines in 4.3 above. 

Area and treat individual. 

Discuss some common 

shrines in Nigeria e.g. 

Bilkisu sungbo, lang juju of 

Arochukwu etc. 

Discuss the Origin of the 

shrines in 4.3 above. 

Assessment: 


Group Project consisting of an exhibition 100% 

91

Programme: NATIONAL DIPLOMA IN LEISURE 

AND TOURISM MANAGEMENT 

Subject/Course: TOURS OPERATIONS 

Course Code: 

LTM 223 




GOAL: 

This course is designed to enable the student acquire knowledge of Tour guiding and operations. 


On completion of this course, the student should be able to: 

1.0 Understand the definition, history and types of tours; tour guides and operators. 

2.0 Understand tour booking conditions and limitations of liability. 

3.0 Understand Reservations and Accounting Procedures 

4.0 Understand Tour conducting, city and site Guiding 

5.0 Understand how to work with Hotels, Resorts and Attractions 

6.0 Understand Air travel and Tours 

7.0 Understand Suppliers and Attractions. 

8.0 Know how to deal with unexpected events in tour guiding 

9.0 Understand how to create a tour. 

10.0 Understand multi-day tour. 

92

PROGRAMME: NATIONAL DIPLOMA LEISURE AND TOURISM MANAGEMENT Course 

Code: LTM Credit Hours: 5 

223 

WEEK COURSE: TOUR OPERATION Theoretical: 2 hours/week 

Week 

/s 

1 

Year: II Semester: II Pre-requisite: Practical: 3 hours /week 




Teacher’s Resources Specific Learning Teacher’s activities 

activities 

Outcomes 

General Objective 1: Understand the definition, History and types of Tours, tour guides and operators. 

1.1 Define tours conducting and the Tour Industry. 

See instructional Test books 

1.2 Explain the history of tours and why take a tour 

1.3 Describe different types of tours and types of tour Guides e.g. 

custom-designed tours, independent tours, hostel tours, 

escorted tours. Docents, sight seeing guides, city guides; tour 

Escorts; tour guides etc. 

Resource manual 

(Marc machine) 

-Use question and 

answer 

techniques 

See 

Reference. 

-Give assignments 

- Delve into Appeal of tour 

conducting salary and 

benefits, challenges, the 

down side and Escort 

personalities. 

Resources 

2 

WEEK 

3 

1.4 Explain the pre-parked tour components-Transport, 

accommodation, tanneries, sight seeing, meals 

1.5 List the advantages of selling tours 

General Objective 2.0: Understand tour booking conditions and limitations of liability. 

2.1 Identify the key aspects of a tour brochure 

Lecture 

-Tour 

2.2 Describe tour brochure price quotation 

Brochure 

2.3 Explain tour booking conditions – included and excluded tour 

-Textbooks 

payment schedule, cancellation and refund policy 

2.4 State the limitations of liability 

Tutorial on assignment 

93

WEEK 

General Objective 3.0 : Understand Reservations and Accounting Procedures. 

3.1 Explain tour reservation procedures 

-Lecture 

Textbooks 

3.1 carryout a tour reservation 

Guide students through a tour 

4 

3.2 Explain tour accounting procedures 

-Visit tour operators 

procedure 

reservation procedures 

and 

Guide and monitor the 

Travel agents 

Visit tour operators and travel 

students and have them write 

agents 

a report 

WEEK 

General Objective 4.0: Understand tour conducting city and site Guiding. 

5 

4.1 Define terms commonly used in the tour industry 

Lecture with life 

Textbooks 

4.1 Identify for whom tour guides and tour 

situation examples 

Pole play scenario 

escorts generally work 

Deal with different need and wants 

highlighting a difficult 

4.2 Explain the reason why people take tours 

- Brainstorming on 

situation (might be a 

4.3 Appraise the attraction of tour conducting as a career 

interpersonal 

dangerous situation a 

4.4 Identify the advantages of a tour-related career. 

Relationships. 

sickness problem or any 

other issue the tour guide 

4.5 List the advantages and disadvantages of city and site guiding 

might have to manage) 

4.6 Explain client and escort psychology, - managing group 

6 

behaviour cultural sensitivity, dealing with fellow workers, 

preventing escort burnout 

4.7 Highlight the importance of ‘code of conduct’ communication 

to the visitors. 

WEEK 

7 

General Objective 5.0: Understand how to work with Hotels Resorts and Attractions. 

5.1 Describe the ideal tour hotel 

-Lecture 

Bran pared 

5.2 List examples of the ideal tour hotels and their locations -Use case study Escort’s Hotel 

Negotiate hotel accommodation 

Check in and check out guest into 

Guide students on 

negotiation of checking in 

Textbook 

5.3 Explain how to negotiate with hotels 

reminder 

hotel 

/out of guests into hotel 

5.4 Explain how to prepare the passengers for the arrival at the 

* Study Tour of a 

Checklist 

hotels 

five star hotel with a 

5.5 Describe the various procedures of checking in your clients on 

visit to the sales and 

arrival at the hotel 

marketing opt to 

8 

5.6 State the potential arrival problems 

familiarize students 

94

5.7 Explain the hotel stay-the escorts routines 

with packages 

5.8 Describe the hotel check-out routine – e.g. examine the 

available for tourists. 

financial record of clients, luggage pick-up, on the motor 

coach. 

WEEK 

General Objective 6.0: Understand Air Travel and Tours. 

6.1 State the airline industry terminologies 

Prepare Air tour 

Floor plan of an 

Pay a visit to Airport or the 

Guide students on visit to 

Airport or 

9 

such: Terminal Boarding pass security Gate etc. 

checklist 

international 

port to observe boarding, 

Airport or seaport 

Seaport 

6.2 Discuss what an escort must do before a 

-Case study 

airport in Nigeria 

arrival, Departure etc 

group arrives at an airline terminal 

(Arrival and 

6.1 Explain a tour member pre-boarding activities 

Departure Areas) 

WEEK 

General Objective : 

6.2 List an escort’s in-flight responsibilities 

*Seating chart of 

-Excursion to an airport or sea 

Organise visit and guide 

minibus 

10 

6.3 Describe the procedures that face a group and an escort upon 

an aircraft 

port where seating chart are 

students 

arrival at a destination 

*Sample flight 

familiarization with. 

coupon 

*Visual summary 

of how airlines 

check in groups 

WEEK 

General Objective 7.0: Understand Suppliers and Attractions. 

7.1 Discuss how an escort can enhance a group’s cruise 

-Lecture 

-Textbooks 

-Visit to the Nigeria Railway 

Organise visit and guide 

minibus 

11 

experiences – include the special terminology of ship personnel 

-Use the question and 

-sample ship 

Corporation 

students 

7.2 Explain the distinct nature of group rail travel 

answer method 

expect ion report 

7.3 Identify the kinds of dining series that work best for tour 

-Restaurant 

groups 

Visit to Sea Port to 

evaluation form 

7.4 Enumerate the considerations an escort must have in mind 

see a cruise lines 

when a group visits and attraction. 

WEEK General Objectives: 8.0 Know how to deal with the unexpected events in tour guiding. 

95

12 8.1 List the general strategies for dealing 

Lecture with case 

-Sample of 

Organise a tour 

Textbook 

with unexpected challenges 

study 

damaged property 

8.2 Identify two types of client mishaps that can often be avoided 

report 

Handout 

8.3 Explain the exact steps to take when a client loses money or 

-Sample of client 

Guide students to cost out 

valuables 

accident 

and price typical tour 

8.4 Outline procedures for dealing with lost or damaged luggage 

report 

flight delays or can collations, illness and accidents, client 

-Sample of client 

deaths, and hotel fires 

change of 

tour plan form 

WEEK General Objectives: 9.0 Understand how to create a tour. 

13 9.1 Justify the escort’s need to know how tours are planned 

-Textbooks 

Plan a tour 


9.2 Identify the prime sources for researching a destination 

Assignments 

-Draft sample of client 

Cost out and price a 

pens PC and 

9.3 Describe the principles behind a successful tour itinerary 

survey 

typical tour 

printer 

9.4 Cost out and price a typical tour 

form 

9.5 Explain the many ways through which tours may be promoted 

-Draft format for 

analyzing 

a destination 

-Draft format of tour 

costing 

sheet 

-Draft format of tour 

reservation form 

WEEK General Objectives: 10.0 Understand multi-day tours. 

14 

10.1 List the materials that are required to manage a multi-day 

Lecture 

Draft sample of general 

Assess what is 

Group Work toward 

PC, internet, 

tour. 

tour report 

required in the 

assessment 

printer 

realisation of a multi- 

15 

10.2 Explain the typical routines of a multi-day group trip 

day tour. 

10.3 Read and Analyse a tour itinerary 

10.4 Discuss ways to keep a group entertained while a tour is in 

progress 

96

Assessment: 


Project based on the creation of a tour of heritage and culture in Nigeria 100% supported by costing, timing, transport used and written itinerary. 

97

Course Code: 


Programme: NATIONAL DIPLOMA IN LEISURE 

AND TOURISM MANAGEMENT 

LTM 224 

Subject/Course: AIR FARES AND 


TICKETING II 


GOAL: This course is designed to enable the student acquire Advanced knowledge on Air tariffs and fares. 

GENERAL OBJECTIVES: On completion of this course, the diplomate should be able to: 

1.0 Understand IATA terms; International journeys and direction of Fares. 

2.0 Understand how to match cities with IATA areas, Global indicators and Direction codes 

3.0 Know National or local currency fares, currency conversion, rounding procedures and fare construction. 

4.0 Understand Routing tables and MPS routing fares. 

5.0 Know OW (STI) Mileage System; Higher Intermediate Point and Backhaul check. 

6.0 Understand Fare breakpoint, round and circle trip fares, circle trip minimum check 

7.0 Prepare fare construction using Industry and carrier add – ons. 

98

PROGRAMME: NATIONAL DIPLOMA LEISURE AND TOURISM MANAGEMENT Course 

Code: LTM 

Contact Hours 2-1-0 


224 

WEEK Course: AIRFARES AND TICKETING II Theoretical: 2 hours/week 

Week 

/s 

2 

1 

WEEK 

3 

Year: II Semester: II Pre-requisite: Practical: 3 hours /week 



General Objective 1.0: Understand IATA Terms, International Journeys and Direction of Fares. 




1.1 Explain the common terms used in the PAT general rules book 

1.2 Describe the anatomy of a journey. 

1.3 Identify one way trip 

1.4 Explain round trip 

1.5 Explain circle trip 

1.6 Describe open jaw for special fares 

1.7 Explain counting transfers and stopovers. 


Learning 

Outcomes 

Lecture with; illustrations and Passenger air 

typical examples for early 

comprehension 

tariff books, 

General Objectives: 2.0 Understand how to Match cities with IATA areas, Global indicators and Direction codes. 


Illustration recovery with good Passenger Air Draw and label IATA 

2.1 Explain the IATA areas in the world 

2.2 Identify the IATA Global indicators 

2.3 Identify fare types. 

examples and practicing 

Maps, 

Charts 

Tariff (PAT) 

traffic areas in the 

world 

Teacher’s 

activities 

Supervise the 

work 

Resources 

IATA 

Ticketing 

Handbook 

4 

2.4 Explain the OW versus half RT fares 

2.5 Describe the global indicator 

2.6 Explain carrier selection 

2.7 Describe the conditions of the rule 

99

WEEK 

General Objectives: 4.0 Know National on local currency fares, currency conversion, rounding procedures, fare construction. 

Specific Learning Outcome: Teachers Activities Resources 

5 

CURRENCY RULES 

4.1 Identify local currency; fares 

4.2 Explain the NUC conversion procedure. 

Use Internet to find the 

conversion procedures 

Supervise the 

work 

Textbook 

6 

4.3 Explain the rounding of NUCs 

4.4 Explain the rounding of local currency fares 

WEEK General Objectives: 5.0 Understand Routing tables and MPS, routing fares 


Illustrate with precision 

Passenger 

Use the internet to find 

Draw a diagram 

Internet JATA 

7 

5.1 Explain the application of routings 

routes to include Nigeria’s 

Air Tariff 

out routings 

on the board 

Ticketing 

5.2 Describe the specified routing table 

and other world cities 

(PAT) 

Illustrate with a 

Supervise the 

handbook 

5.3 Explain the route reference number e.g. linear route with headline and 

digram the specified 

work and give 

IATA ticketing 

sideline cities, linear map route. 

routing 5.3 draw and 

assignment 

Handbook 

label the linear map 

8 

5.4 Re-explain the fare construction formula 

route. 

WEEK 

General Objectives: 6.0 Know OW(SITI) Mileage system, Higher Intermediate point and Backhaul check. 


Emphasize practicable routes 

Passenger Air 


In class exercise 

PC and Printer 

SITIOW THROUGH FARE CONSTRUCTION 

with examples from Nigeria 

Tariff 

process of fare 

9 

6.1 Explain the maximum permitted mileage 


Air passenger 

construction 

6.2 Describe the ticketed point mileage. 

Mileage etc 

10 

6.3 Explain the extra mileage allowance 

6.4 Explain the excess mileage surcharge. 

11 

6.5 Describe the higher intermediate point 

6.6 Describe the backhaul check 

100

WEEK 

General Objectives: 7.0 Understand Fare breakpoint, round and circle trip fares, circle trip minimum check. 


Use routings with Nigerian 

Passenger air 

Use the Internet and 

Work with 

Air tariff guide 

12 

7.1 SITI, RT and CT fare construction 

international and local cities 

tariff (PAT) 

air tariff book to 

students and 

Internet 

7.2 Explain selecting a fare breakpoint. 


Add-ons 

construct cost for 

give problem 

7.3 Describe the general guidelines. 

Permitted 

different travel 

solving 

mileage 

arrangements 

13 

7.4 Explain the SITI, RT/CT formula 

Book/mammal 

(including ticket and 

7.5 Apply the CTM check and the secondary fares 

other charges) 

WEEK General Objectives: 8.0 Prepare Fare construction using industry and Carrier add-ons. 


Treat cases involving Nigeria 

14 8.1 Define Add-ons 

local cities in case studies while 

8.2 Apply Add-ons 

practicing 

8.3 Explain how to use industry Add-ons. 

Add-on manual 

15 

8.4 Explain how to use carrier 

8.5 Add-ons 

Assessment: 


Coursework/ Assignments %; Course test %; Practical %; Projects %; Examination % 

101

Programme: (National Diploma) Course Code: LTM 225 Total Hours: 6 

Course: Project Theoretical: 0 hours /week 


Goal: This course is designed to enable the student to undertake an individual project and write a report on it. 

General Objectives: On completion of this course, the diplomate should be able to: 

1. Research a chosen topic at ND level from available sources. 

2. Collect data on the chosen topic. 

3. Produce a report on the chosen topic. 

102


General Objective 1: Research a chosen topic at ND level from available sources. 

Week Specific Learning Outcomes Teacher’s activities Resources Specific 

Learning 

Outcomes 


Teacher’s 

activities 

Resources 

1 1.1 Choose, under guidance, an appropriate topic of interest. Provide guidance in finding 

Textbooks 

Selection of a topic of 

Provide 

Textbooks 

suitable topics. 

interest. 

guidance in 

Lecture Notes 

finding suitable 

Lecture Notes 

topics. 

Internet 

Internet 

2 1.2 Research a chosen topic from available sources. Provide guidance in finding 

Textbooks 

Demonstrate research 

Provide 

Textbooks 

suitable sources. 

ability 

guidance in 

Lecture Notes 


Lecture Notes 

sources. 

Internet 

Internet 

3 1.2 (continued) Research a chosen topic from available sources. Provide guidance in finding 

Textbooks 


Provide 

Textbooks 


ability 

guidance in 

Lecture Notes 


Lecture Notes 

sources. 

Internet 

Internet 

4 1.2 (continued) Research a chosen topic from available sources. Provide guidance in finding 

Textbooks 


Provide 

Textbooks 


ability 

guidance in 

Lecture Notes 


Lecture Notes 

sources. 

Internet 

Internet 

103

General Objective 2: Collect data on the chosen topic. 

5 2.1 Collect data on the chosen topic from available sources. Provide guidance in collecting 

Textbooks 

Demonstrate ability to 

Provide 

Textbooks 

data 

Lecture Notes 

collect data 

guidance in 

Lecture Notes 

collecting data. 

Internet 

Internet 

6 2.1 (continued) Collect data on the chosen topic from available 

Provide guidance in collecting 

Textbooks 


Provide 

Textbooks 

sources. 

data 

collect data 

guidance in 

Lecture Notes 


Lecture Notes 

Internet 

Internet 



Textbooks 


Provide 

Textbooks 

sources. 

data 

collect data 

guidance in 

Lecture Notes 


Lecture Notes 

Internet 

Internet 



Textbooks 


Provide 

Textbooks 

sources. 

data 

collect data 

guidance in 

Lecture Notes 


Lecture Notes 

Internet 

Internet 



Textbooks 


Provide 

Textbooks 

sources . 

data 

collect data 

guidance in 

Lecture Notes 


Lecture Notes 

Internet 

Internet 

General Objective 3: Produce a report on the chosen topic. 

104

10 3.1 Produce a report on the chosen topic. Provide guidance in report 

Textbooks 

Demonstrate ability in 

Provide 

Textbooks 

writing 

report writing 

guidance in 

Lecture Notes 


Lecture Notes 

Internet 

Internet 

11 3.1 (continued) Produce a report on the chosen topic. Provide guidance in report 

Textbooks 


Provide 

Textbooks 

writing 


guidance in 

Lecture Notes 


Lecture Notes 

Internet 

Internet 


Textbooks 


Provide 

Textbooks 

writing 


guidance in 

Lecture Notes 


Lecture Notes 

Internet 

Internet 


Textbooks 


Provide 

Textbooks 

writing 


guidance in 

Lecture Notes 


Lecture Notes 

Internet 

Internet 


Textbooks 


Provide 

Textbooks 

writing 


guidance in 

Lecture Notes 


Lecture Notes 

Internet 

Internet 

15 3.1 (continued) Produce a report on the chosen topic. Provide guidance in report Textbooks Demonstrate ability in Provide Textbooks 

105

writing 

Lecture Notes 


guidance in 


Lecture Notes 

Internet 

Internet 

Assessment: 



Type of Assessment Purpose and Nature of Assessment Weighting (%) 

Examination Final Examination (written) to assess knowledge and understanding 0 

Test 0 progress tests 0 

Practical Report of up to 6,000 words 100 

Total 100 

106

Programme: (National Diploma) Course Code: LTM 226 Total Hours: 2 

Course: Small Business Management I Theoretical: 1 hour /week 

Year: 2 Semester: 4 Pre-requisite: Practical: 1 hour /week 

Goal: This course is designed to provide the student with the basic knowledge on the various tools used in the management of small-scale businesses. 

General Objectives: On completion of this course, the diplomate will be able to: 

1. Understand the nature of small-scale enterprises. 

2. Understand the legal framework for small-scale enterprises. 

3. Understand the role of governments in small-scale enterprises in Nigeria 

4. Understand a business plan for a small-scale business enterprise. 

5. Understand marketing management in a small business enterprise 

6. Understand the general concept of production management 

7. Know human capital needs for an enterprise 

107


General Objective 1: Understand the nature of small-scale enterprises. 

Week Specific Learning Outcomes Teacher’s activities Resources Specific 

Learning 

Outcomes 


Teacher’s 

activities 

Resources 

1 1.1 Define the range and scope of a small business. 

Explain range, scope and 

Text Books 

Select a small business 

Guide students 

Internet and 

importance of a small scale 

enterprise and indicate 

in identifying 

relevant 

1.2 Explain the importance of a small business. 

business. 

Journals 

its signs of success and 

range, scope 

websites 

Publications 

failures. 

and importance 

1.3 Describe the problems associated with small business operations. 

Explain problems associated 

of a small scale 

Guest speaker 

with small business operations. 

Use case studies based 

business. 

on small 

on a local 

businesses 

organisation. 

2 1.4 Describe types of businesses that could be run on a small scale. 

Explain types of businesses that 

Text Books 

Select a small business 


Internet and 

could be 

enterprise and indicate 

in identifying 

relevant 

1.5 Describe the merits and demerits of being self-employed 

run on small scale, their 

Journals 

its signs of success and 

types of 

websites 

. 

associated problems and signs 

Publications 

failures. 

businesses that 

1.6 Identify the starting problems and signs of failure of a small 

of failure during operations. 

could be run on 

Guest speaker 

business 

Use case studies based 

small scale, 

on small 

Explain wage employment and 

on a local 

their associated 

businesses 

self employment. 

organisation. 

problems and 

signs of failure 

Explain the merits and demerits 

during 

of self employment. 

operations. 

General Objective 2 : Understand the legal framework for small-scale enterprises. 

108

3 2.1 Explain the types of business organization. 

Explain the types of business 

Text Books 

Internet and 

2.2 Identify the legal form of business. 

organization 

Explain legal formation and 

regulatory status of small 

business. 

Journals 

Publications 

Use CAMB to explain 

the regulatory frame 

work of small 


to identify the 

legal formation 

and regulatory 

status of small 

relevant 

websites 

Explain environmental factors 

of business. 

business. 

business. 

Group work to set up a 

small business – 

realistic scenarios 

Use of relevant 

documentation taken 

from the internet. 

4 2.3 Describe the environmental factors of business – law of sales, Explain legal formation and Text Books 

Use CAMB to explain 

Internet and 

109

licenses, failure signs, etc. 

regulatory status of small 

the regulatory frame 


relevant 

business. 

Journals 

websites 

2.4 Explain regulatory status and formation of small business. 

Publications 

work of small 

to identify the 

Explain environmental factors 

of business. 

business. 

environmental 

factors of 

Group work to set up a 

business. 

small business – 

realistic scenarios 

Use of relevant 

documentation taken 


General Objective 3: Understand the role of governments in small-scale enterprises in Nigeria 


5 3.1 Explain government policies for small enterprises development. 

Explain government policies 

Text Books 

Identify government 

evaluate the 

Internet and 

for small enterprises 

policies and their 

contributions of 

relevant 

3.2 Explain the effects of government policies on direct and indirect 

development and effects of 

Journals 

effects on small scale 

the promoting 

websites 

assistance to small businesses 

the policies on direct and 

Publications 

business. 

bodies (IDC, 

110

indirect assistance to these 

NASA, 

enterprises. 

NERFUND, 

NDE, NAPEP 

etc to growth of 

small business in 

Nigeria. 


6 3.3 State the role of the following institutions in promoting small 

Explain the following 

Text Books 

Identify and explain 

evaluate the 

Internet and 

enterprises 

institutions and their roles in 

beneficiaries of the 

contributions of 

relevant 

(a) Industrial Development Centre (IDC) 

promoting small scale 

Journals 

bodies. Promotion 

the promoting 

websites 

(b) State Ministries of Commerce and Industries. 

enterprises. 

Publications 

SME in Nigeria. 

bodies (IDC, 

(c) State Export Promotion Committees. 

- IDC, State Ministries of 

NASA, 

(d) Centre for Management Development (CMD) 

Commerce, 

NERFUND, 

(e) National Directorate of Employment (NDE) 

State Export Promotion 

NDE, NAPEP 

(f) NAPPEP 

Committees, 

etc to growth of 

(g) CIRD 

CMD, NDE, NAPPEP, CIRD 

small business in 

(h) NERFUND 

NERFUND 

Nigeria. 

(i) NACRDB, NEPC 

NACRDB, NEPC 

(j) NASSI, NASME, etc 

NASSI, NASME, etc 

General Objective 4 : Understand a business plan for a small-scale business enterprise. 


7 4.1 Explain business plan. 

Explain business Plan, its 

Text Books 

Identify business 

to:- 

Internet and 

purpose and components from 

plan. 

relevant 

4.2 Explain the purpose of business plan 

project development to project 

Journals 

Work in pairs to 

websites 

cost. 

Publications 

Identify how to plan 

develop a 

4.3 Identify the components of a business plan from project 

in small business. 

relevant business 

development up to project cost. 

plan. 

Formulate a business 

plan for a particular 

Refer to business 

111

project. 

planning 

information on 

the internet 

Present the plans 

and justify the 

goals 


8 4.4 State the necessary steps in carrying out financial analysis and 

Explain steps in carrying out 

Text Books 

Identify business 

to:- 

Internet and 

planning for a small business 

financial analysis and planning 

plan. 

relevant 

for a small business. 

Journals 

Work in pairs to 

websites 

4.5 Compare personal goal and business goals. 

Publications 

Identify how to plan 

develop a 

Explain personal goals and 

in small business. 

relevant business 

4.6 Identify influences of family goals in business goals 

business goals. 

plan. 

Formulate a business 

Explain influences of family 

plan for a particular 

Refer to business 

goals in business goals. 

project. 

planning 

information on 

Invite a successful entrepreneur 

the internet 

to give a talk. 

Present the plans 

and justify the 

goals 

General Objective 5: Understand marketing management in a small business enterprise 

Explain basic concepts of 

Identify the process of 


9 5.1 Understand the basic concept of marketing. 

marketing. 

Text Books 

conducting a 

to use the 

Internet and 

marketing survey. 

internet to 

relevant 

5.2 Identify the steps in conducting market surveys to determine 

Explain steps in conducting 

Journals 

identify the 

websites 

demand and supply for particular products. 

marketing 

Publications 

Identify appropriate 

marketing needs 

survey to determine demand 

training strategies for 

of small 

5.3 Identify markets for specific products. 

and supply for particular 

products produced on 

business 

112

products. 

a small scale. 

enterprises. 

Explain how to identify 

markets for specific products. 

Explain channels of distribution 

Identify the process of 


10 5.4 Identify channels of distribution for a selected product or service. 

for a selected product or 

Text Books 

conducting a 

to use the 

Internet and 

service. 

marketing survey. 

internet to 

relevant 

5.5 Explain the promotional and sales activities for a selected product 

Journals 

identify the 

websites 

or service 

Explain promotional and sales 

Publications 


marketing needs 

activities for a selected product 

training strategies for 

of small 

5.6 Explain appropriate pricing strategies 

or service 

products produced on 

business 

a small scale. 

enterprises. 

Explain appropriate pricing 

strategies 

General Objective 6: Understand the general concept of production management 


11 6.1 Explain the basic concepts of production 

Explain the basic concepts of 

Text Books 

technology for 


Internet and 

production 

different types of SME. 

prepare a 

relevant 

6.2 Explain choice of appropriate technology 

Journals 

case study on the 

websites 

Explain choice of appropriate 

Publications 

Identify sources of 

location of an 

6.3 Identify types and sources of machinery and equipment. 

technology 

machinery and material 

industry and 

Sample 


factory layout 

6.4 Explain the installed capacity. 

Explain types and sources of 

business 

machinery and equipment, their 


Oversee group 

6.5 Explain the utilized capacity. 

installed and utilized capacity. 

locations and their 

work and guide 

problems for SMES 

reference to 

relevant web 

sites 


12 6.6 Identify sources of raw materials. Explain sources of raw 

Text Books 



Internet and 

materials. 


prepare a 

relevant 

113

6.7 Describe factory location and factors in the selection of site. 

Journals 


websites 

Explain factory location, its 

Publications 



6.8 Describe factory layout. 

layout and safety measures. 


industry and 

Sample 



6.9 Explain plant and machinery maintenance. 

Explain Plant and machinery 

business 

maintenance. 


Oversee group 

6.10Explain Plan and scheduling. 



Explain plan and scheduling. 


reference to 

relevant web 

sites 


13 6.11Explain quality control issues. 

Explain quality control. 

Text Books 



Internet and 


prepare a 

relevant 

6.12Explain factory safety measures. 

Explain problems of production 

Journals 


websites 

in the 

Publications 



6.13Identify problems of production in the Nigerian situation. 

Nigerian situation and how to 


industry and 

cope with them. 

Sample 



6.14Explain how to cope with production problems in Nigeria. 

business 

Organise a field trip to a 


Oversee group 

successful small business 



establishment. 


reference to 

relevant web 

sites 

General Objective 7: Know human capital needs for an enterprise 

Explain human capital 

Text Books 

Identify the recruitment 


Internet and 

14 7.1 Identify human capital needs for an enterprise. 

management 

compensation and 

to prepare 

relevant 

and its needs for small business 

Journals 

training procedures of 

organizational 

websites 

7.2 Explain recruitment procedures. 

enterprises. 

Publications 

workers in SMES. 

charts for SME 

and how to 

7.3 Explain need for training of workers. 

Explain recruitment procedures 

Cardboard 

Identify problems of 

forecast their 

human capital 

employment 

114

7.4 Explain how to motivate workers. management and how to 

15 7.5 Explain how to compensate workers. 

7.6 Explain organization of work force, organizational chart. 

7.7 Explain problems of human capital management in small business 

enterprises. 

7.8 Explain how to cope with the problems of human capital 

management. 

Explain need for training of 

workers. 

Explain how to motivate. and 

compensate workers 

Explain organization of work 

force. 

Guide students to prepare 

organizational, 

chart for a small business 

enterprise. 

Text Books 

Journals 

Publications 

Cardboard 

solve them in SMEs 

Identify the recruitment 

compensation and 

training procedures of 

workers in SMES. 

Identify problems of 

human capital 

management and how to 

solve them in SMEs 

needs. 


to prepare 


charts for SME 

and how to 

forecast their 

employment 

needs. 

Internet and 

relevant 

websites 

Explain problems of human 

capital management in small 

business enterprises and how to 

cope with them. 

Assessment: 


Coursework/ Assignments %; Course test %; Practical %; Project %; Examination % 

Type of Assessment Purpose and Nature of Assessment Weighting (%) 

Examination Final Examination (written) to assess knowledge and understanding 0 

Test At least 1 progress test for feed back. 25 

Practical / Project Project with group (25%) and individual (50%) components to be assessed by the teacher 75 

Total 100 

115


DIPLOMA 

Course Code: HMT 111 Credit Hours: 4 

Subject/Course: INTRODUCTION TO HOSPITALITY MANAGEMENT Theoretical: 2 hours/week 



1.1 Know the history of the development of the Hospitality Industry. 

1.2 Know the scope of the Hospitality Industry. 

1.3 Know the chain groups in the hospitality industry. 

1.4 Know the different classification of the hotel industry. 

1.5 Know the future trend in the Hospitality Industry. 

Course: INTRODUCTION TO HOSPITALITY 

MANAGEMENT 

Course Code: HMT 111 Credit Hours: 



116

Wee 

k/s 

Week 

1 

5 

WEEK 

6 

7 

8 



Specific Learning Outcomes Teacher’s activities Resources Specific Teacher’s 

Learning activities 

Outcomes 

General Objective 1.0: Know the history of the development of the Hospitality Industry. 

1.1 Discuss the factors that influence the development of 

hospitality industry from the early times. 

1.2 Outline the effect of travels on the development of the 

hospitality industry. 

1.1 Explain the factors that 

influence the development of 

hospitality organisations 

1.2 Explain the effects of travels 

on the development of hospitality 

industry. 

General Objectives: 2.0 Know the scope of the hospitality industry. 

2.1 Outline the position of the industry in the Nigerian Explain the place of the industry in 

economy 

2.2 Discuss the industry in the tertiary sector… 

2.3 Identity the organisations that make up the industry. 

2.4 Outline the industrial structure of the industry. 

2.5 Outline the importance of the industry in the 

economy 

the Nigerian economy. 

Explain the industry in the tertiary 

sector 

Explain the organisations 

that make up the industry 

Explain the industrial structure of 

the industry. 

Explain the importance of the 

Classroom 

Books 

Board 

Marker/ Chalk 

Classroom 

Books 

Board 

Market/ Chalk 

1.1 Describe the 

factors that 

influence the 

development of 

the hospitality 

industry from the 

early times 

1.2 Describe the 

effects of travels 

on the 

development of 


industry. 

Describe the 

position of 

industry in the 

Nigerian 

economy. 

Describe the 


tertiary sector. 

Describe the 


discuss the factors 

that influenced the 

development of hotel 

industry. 

Lead discussion on 

the effect of travels 

on the development 

of the hospitality 

industry. 

2.1 Group students 

to discuss the place 

of the industry in the 

Nigerian economy. 

2.2 Organise visit to 

the tertiary sector of 

the industry. 

2.3 Guide students 

to draw the 

organisational 

Resources 

Charts 

Journals 

Brochures 

Charts 

Journal 

Brochures, 

etc. 

117

9 

industry in the economy. 

organisations that 

structure of the 

make up the 

industry. 

2,6 Discuss the industry and inflation. 

Explain the industry and inflation. 

industry. 

2.4 Explain the 

industrial structure 

Explain the Government economic 

of the industry. 

policies as it affects the industry. 


2.7Discuss the Government economic policies as they affect 

importance of the 

the industry. 


10 

economy 


industry and 

inflation 


Government 

economic policies as 

it affects the 

industry. 

Week 

11 

12 

General Objective 3.0 Know the different classification of the hotel industry. 

3.1 Group the hotel industry by means of facilities Explain how to inspect the hotel 

provided. 

industry. 

3.2 Discuss the classification of hotels by means of star Explain how to group the industry 

rating. 

means of facilities provided. 

Classroom 

Book 

Board 

Market/ chalk 

Notebook 

Duster 

Describe the 

inspection of the 

hotel. 

Explain how to 

group the industry 

Group students to 

visit a hotel for 

inspection: 

[i] space and 

environment 

Hotels 

Materials to 

record 

inspection 

result. 

Hotel. 

by means of the 

[ii] Facilities 

Explain how to classify according 

facilities provided. 

provided 

13 

3.3 Discuss the inspection of the hotel 

to: 

[iii] organisation of 

3.4 Classify the hotel according to: 

[i] space and environment 

Describe how to 

staff 

[i] space and environment 

[ii] Facilities provided 

classify the hotel 

[iv] Location. 

[ii] Facilities provided 

[iii] organisation of staff 

according to: 

[iii] organisation of staff 

[iv] location. 

[i] space and 


118

13 

14 

Week 

[iv] location. environment 

[ii] Facilities 

provided 

[iii] organisation 

of staff 

[iv] Location. 

Describe the 

classification of 

hotels by means of 

start rating. 

submit written report 

on hotel 

classification 

General Objective 4.0 Know the chain groups in the hospitality industry. 

4.1 Enumerate the chain groups in the industry. 

Explain the chain groups in the 

Describe the chain Lead, discussion 

4.2 State the advantages and disadvantage of large chain. industry. 

groups in the on the chain 

industry. 

groups in the 

Enumerate the advantages and 

industry. 

4.3 Discuss integration with airline, railway and road disadvantages of large chain. 

Identify the 

transport. 

advantages and Guide students to 

4.4 Discuss the economics of scale and give examples in Highlight the integration with 

disadvantages of identify the 

the industry. 

airline, railway and road transport. 

large chain. advantages and 

disadvantage of 

Explain the economics scale and 

Describe the large chain. 

given examples. 

integration with 

airlines, railways Students to be 

and road transport. guided on the 

integration of 

Describe the airline, railways 

economic of scales and road 

and give 

transport. 

examples. 

Discuss the 

economic scale 

119

and give 

examples. 

WEEK General Objectives: 5.0 Know the future trend of the hospitality industry. 

15 5.1 Forecast the future trends in the hospitality industry. Discuss the future trend in the 

Describe the future 

Group student 

Charts 


trend in the hospitality 

to discuss the 

Journals 

industry. 

future trends in 

Brochures, etc. 


industry. 

Group to 

present and 

submit written 

report. 

Assessment: 


Group presentation 50 % supported by written report 50% 


Baker K. and Huyton, J (2001) Hospitality Management: an Introduction 

Journals: Hospitality Matters 

Websites: www.caterer-online.com; www.cha-online.co.uk 

120

Course Code: 


Department/ Programme: : HOSPITALITY 

MANAGEMENT (NATIONAL DIPLOMA) 

HMT 112 

Subject/Course: FRENCH LANGUAGE I Theoretical: 2 hours/week 

Year: 1 Semester: 1 Pre-requisite: N/A Practical: 2 hours /week 

Course Aim/Goal: This course is designed to enable the student to acquire basic language skills to communicate with French-speaking clients. 

General Objectives: On completion of this course, the student should be able to: 

1.0 Situate oneself in the social and spatial contexts. 

2.0 Understand and use basic French vocabulary 

3.0 Make simple sentences using the present tense. 

4.0 Understand and use simple French expressions. 

Deleted: 6.0 ?????. 

121

Theoretical 

Practical 

Week Specific learning outcomes Teacher’s activities Resources Specific learning outcomes Teacher’s activities Resources 

General Objective 1: Situate oneself in the social and spatial contexts. 

1 1.1 Understand conventions for: Greet in French. 

Chalkboard. 1.1 Use conventions for: 

Guide students to listen Language 

1.1.1 greeting people 

1.1.1 greeting people 

to greetings in French in laboratory. 

1.1.2 responding to greetings Pronounce slowly basic words in French Language 1.1.2 responding to greetings 

the language laboratory. 

1.1.3 introducing self for students to imitate. 

laboratory. 1.1.3 introducing self 

1.1.4 presenting a third party 

1.1.4 presenting a third party Show films. 

1.1.5 thanking 

Explain basic conventions such as shaking Textbooks. 1.1.5 thanking 

1.1.6 farewelling 

hands, kissing, and when they are used. 

1.1.6 farewelling 

1.2 Understand correct usage of 

titles 

Explain titles 

( Monsieur, Madame, Mademoiselle) 

1.2 Address people with their correct 

Guide students in role- 

titles 

playing greetings 

between people in 

different relationships. 

2 1.3 Distinguish sounds 

Pronounce simple words slowly for 

Chalkboard. 

1.3 Make sounds. 


Language 

1.4 Know written 

students to imitate sounds. 

1.4 Write down sounds. 

listening to sounds and 

laboratory. 

alphabet 

Write words down. 

Language 

repeating them in the 

Explain sounds of different letters, e.g. 

laboratory. 

language laboratory. 

accents (e-é-è-ç-a-à) and combinations (aion-en-ou…). 

Textbooks. 


practise reading simple 

passages out loud. 

Explain personal pronouns (je/tu…; 

1.5 Understand personal 

moi/toi…) 


122

pronouns 

becoming familiar with 

1.5 Understand personal pronouns 

using different personal 

pronouns through simple 

Explain difference between ‘tu’ and ‘vous’. 

exercises. 

3 1.6 Identify objects in the classroom and 

Pronounce words and ask students to write 

Chalkboard. 

1.6 Understand and name objects in the 


Language 

immediate surroundings 

them. 

classroom and immediate surroundings. 

integrating words and 

laboratory. 

articles in simple 

1.7 Understand definite and 

Textbooks. 

1.7 Use definite and indefinite articles. 

sentences. 

indefinite articles. 

Explain gender in French. 

Explain plural in French. 

Explain uses of articles (un/une/des; 

le/la/les). 

4 1.8 Identify and conjugate the verb ‘être’. 

Conjugate the verb ‘être’ in simple 

Flipchart 

1.8 Make simple sentences using the 

Guide students in making 

Language 

sentences. 

Chalkboard. 

verb ‘être’. 

their own sentences using 

laboratory. 

Textbooks. 

the verb ‘être’. 

1.9 Understand the expressions “Je viens de/ 

World map. 

J’habite à”) 

Make sentences using the expressions “Je 

1.9 Use the expressions “Je viens de/ 

If available, show films 

Films. 

viens de/J’habite à” 

J’habite à”) 

of French-speaking 

1.10. Know words for different 

people from different 

nationalities 

Pronounce and write down words for 

countries. 

different nationalities. 

1.10 Understand and use words for 

different nationalities. 


1.11 Identify countries where 

playing simple 

French is spoken 

Guide students in identifying countries 

1.11 Be familiar with countries where 

conversations (e.g. with 

where French is the or one of the languages 

French is spoken. 

French-speaking clients 

commonly used. 

from different countries 

at a hotel). 

General Objective 2: Understand and use basic French vocabulary 

5. 2.1 Count to 100. Explain numbers in French. Chalkboard. 2.1 Count to 100. Guide students in Language 

123

Textbooks. 

listening to numbers and 

laboratory. 

writing them down in 

figures and letters. 

Guide students in taking 

2.2 Understand a telephone 

5.2 Explain how telephone numbers are 

down telephone numbers 

number 

given 

Chalkboard 

2.2 Take down a telephone number 


Textbooks. 

2.3 Be familiar with different currencies 

becoming familiar with 

2.3 Identify different currencies 

Explain different currencies used in 

used in French-speaking countries. 

different currencies. 

used in French-speaking countries. 

French-speaking countries (Euro, Swiss 

francs, dirham, CFA francs …) 

6 2.4 Identify and conjugate the 

Conjugate the verb ‘avoir’ in simple 

Flip chart. 

2.4 Make simple sentences using the 


Language 

verb ‘avoir’. 

sentences. 

Chalkboard. 

verb ‘avoir’. 


laboratory. 

Textbooks. 

the verb ‘avoir’. 

2.5 Identify possessive adjectives. 

Explain the different possessive adjectives 

2.5 Use possessive adjectives. 


(mon/ma, ton/ta…)and their usage. 


possessive adjectives. 

Pronounce and write down the names of 


2.6 Identify members of a family 

different family members in French. 

2.6 Make sentences referring to members 

describing family 

in French. 

of a family in French, using 

members. 

possessive adjectives. 

7 2.7 Tell the time. 

Explain how to tell the time in French. 

Chalkboard. 

2.7 Ask, take down and tell the time. 

Guide students in reading 

Clock. 

Explain the 24-hour clock. 

Textbooks. 

the clock and a calendar. 

Language 

laboratory. 

Show uses of the temporal position ‘à’ 

2.8 Make simple sentences referring to 

Guide students in noting 

2.8. Understand the temporal 

the time. 

their activities at 

preposition ‘à’ 

different times of the 

124

day. 

Explain the days of the week in French. 

2.9 Understand and use days of the week 


2.9 Identify days of the week. 

Explain the general working week in 

in simple sentences. 

down hotel or restaurant 

France. 

reservations. 

General Objective 3: Make simple sentences using the present tense. 

8 3.1 Identify the groups of verbs. 

Explain how to differentiate the root from 

Flipchart. 

3.1 Understand how to identify different 


Language 

the ending of a verb. 

Chalkboard. 

groups of verbs. 

identifying ‘ER’-ending 

laboratory. 

Textbooks. 

verbs. 

Conjugate ‘ER’ verbs in simple sentences. 

3.2 Use regular verbs ending in 

3.2 Make simple sentences using verbs 


‘ER’. 

ending in ‘ER’. 

their own simple 

Use the verb ‘parler’ to introduce the words 

sentences with ‘ER’- 

for different languages spoken around the 

3.3 Use words for different languages. 

ending verbs. 

3.3 Explain the different 

world. 

languages students speak. 


describing themselves 

and the languages they 

speak. 

9 3.4 Understand sentences in the negative. 

Explain the use of ‘ne/pas’. 

Chalkboard. 

3.4 Make simple sentences in the 


Language 

Textbooks. 

negative. 

sentences about their 

laboratory. 

likes and dislikes using 

the verb ‘aimer’. 

3.5 Speak about likes and dislikes. 

Introduce simple vocabulary related to 

3.5 State likes and dislikes in French. 


leisure activities. 

simple sentences in the 

negative using other 

verbs. 

3.6 Ask a question. 

125

3.6 Ask simple questions. Guide students in role- 

Explain the use of ‘est-ce que’. 

playing conversations 

between hotel staff and a 

French-speaking client 

visiting their area. 

10 3.7 Know the words for colours. 

Explain the words for colours. 

Chalkboard. 

3.7 Use the words for colours. 

Show films. 

Language 

Textbooks. 

laboratory. 

3.8 Understand simple adjectives. 

Explain simple adjectives (e.g. petit/grand; 

3.8 Use simple adjectives. 

bon/mauvais; gentil/méchant…) and their 


positioning in the sentence. 

describing objects and 

people in their 

Explain how to link adjectives with the 

surroundings using 

noun. 

colours and adjectives. 

11 3.9 Understand and conjugate the verb ‘aller’. 

Make simple sentences using the verb 

Chalkboard. 

3.9 Use the verb ‘aller’. 


Language 

3.10 Understand basic directions. 

‘aller’. 

Textbooks. 

directions. 

laboratory. 

Explain basic vocabulary used in giving 

3.10 Give directions, using basic 

directions. 

vocabulary and geographical 

Guide students in giving 

Basic map. 

3.11 Identify basic geographical 

prepositions. 

basic directions. 

prepositions (à-de-en) 

Guide students in understanding how to use 


basic geographical prepositions. 


between a local and a lost 

French-speaking person 

in their area. 

General Objective 4: Understand and use simple French expressions. 

12 4.1 Identify and conjugate regular 

Conjugate verbs ending in ‘RE’ in simple 

Chalkboard. 

4.1 Make simple sentences using regular 


Language 

verbs ending in ‘RE’. 

sentences. 

Textbooks. 

verbs ending in ‘RE’. 

identifying regular verbs 

laboratory. 

ending in ‘RE’. 


126


sentences using verbs 

ending in ‘RE’. 

4.2 Use simple adverbs. 

4.2 Use simple adverbs for quantity and 

Guide students in using 

the terms ‘un peu’ and 

Make simple sentences using simple 

frequency in sentences. 

‘très’. 

adverbs (quantity and frequency) 

13 4.3 Identify and conjugate regular verbs 

Conjugate verbs ending in ‘RE’ in simple 

Chalkboard. 

4.3 Make simple sentences using regular 


Language 

ending in ‘IR’. 

sentences. 

Textbooks. 

verbs ending in ‘IR’. 

identifying regular verbs 

laboratory. 






4.4 Identify different occupations. 

4.4 Recognize and refer to different 


Introduce students to the names of different 

occupations. 

describing different 

occupations. 

occupations in their area. 

14 4.5 Know the basic geography of 

Explain vocabulary for basic geography 

Chalkboard. 

4.5 Identify major geographical areas in 

Guide students in reading 

Language 

French-speaking Europe. 

(e.g. ‘ville’, ‘campagne’, ‘montagne’, 

Textbooks. 

France on a map using simple 

a map of metropolitan 

laboratory. 

‘mer’…). 

vocabulary. 

France. 

Map of 

Map of 

Europe. 

Europe. 

15 4.6 Understand expressions used 

Explain expressions used to describe the 

Chalkboard. 

4.6 Describe the weather. Guide students in role- 

Language 

to describe the weather. 

weather. 

Textbooks. 


laboratory. 

between two people from 

Map of 

different areas. 

Map of 

Europe. 

Europe. 

127


Coursework (including oral and written) 

% 

Oral examination 

% 

Written examination 

% 

50 

25 

25 


Escales. Méthode de français. Jacques Blanc, Jean-Michel Cartier, Pierre Lederlin. Paris : CLE International, 2001. 

Taxi ! Méthode de français. Pierre-François Guédon. Paris : Hachette, 2004. 

Panorama de la langue française, Jacky Girardet et Jean-Marie Cridlig, Paris : CLE International. 1996. 

Studio 60, Christian Lavenne et al. Paris : Les Editions Didier, 2002. 

Grammaire pour l’enseignement/apprentissage du FLE, Geneviève-Dominique de Salins, Didier/Hatier, Paris, 1996. 

La grammaire des premiers temps, D. Abry, M-L Chalaron. Presses Universitaires de Grenoble, 2000. 

128

Course Code: 




HMT 121 

Subject/Course: FRENCH LANGUAGE II Theoretical: 2 hours/week 

Year: 1 Semester: 2 Pre-requisite: French I Practical: 2 hours/week 

Course Aim/Goal: This course is designed to enable the student to communicate with French speakers in a range of situations. 


1.0 Engage in simple conversations in French. 

2.0 Express oneself in the future. 

3.0 Express oneself in the past. 

129

Theoretical 

Week Specific learning outcomes Teacher’s activities Resources Specific learning outcomes Teacher’s activities Resources 

General Objective 1: Engage in simple conversations in French. 

Explain the usage of direct object Chalkboard 

1 1.1 Identify direct object pronouns 

1.2 Understand comparative 

sentences 

1.3 Understand simple vocabulary 

related to holidays. 

pronouns. 

Explain how to construct comparative 

sentences (‘plus … que’). 

Explain simple vocabulary related to 

holidays. 

Textbooks. 

Practical 

1.1 Replace nouns with 

direct object 

complements in 

simple sentences. 

1.2 Make simple comparative 

sentences 

1.3 Use simple vocabulary related 

to holidays. 

1.4 Know where people go on 

holidays in France. 

Guide students in carrying out simple 

exercises using direct object 

complements. 

Guide students in understanding and 

making their own simple comparative 

sentences, using holiday-related 

vocabulary. 

Language 

laboratory. 

Show films of holidays areas in France. 

2 1.4 Understand how to conjugate key 

irregular verbs 

Explain conjugation for key irregular 

verbs 

Chalkboard. 

Textbooks. 

1.4 Make sentences using key 

irregular verbs. 

Guide students in making simple 

sentences using key irregular verbs. 

Language 

laboratory. 

1.5 Understand use of ‘trop’ and ‘pas 

assez’. 

Explain use of ‘trop’ and ‘pas assez’ 

1.5 Use ‘trop’ and ‘pas assez’ 

in simple sentences. 


sentences using ‘trop’ and ‘pas assez’. 

1.6 Understand vocabulary for 

the rooms of a home or 

building. 

Explain vocabulary for the rooms of a 

home or building. 

1.6 Use the vocabulary for the 

rooms of a home or 

building. 

Guide students in writing descriptions of 

hotels in their community for French 

tourists. 

130

1.7 Understand types of housing 

in France. 

Explain types of housing common in 

France and the uses of the different 

rooms. 

3 1.8 Identify pronominal verbs. 

Give examples of pronominal verbs. 

Chalkboard 

1.7 Make sentences using 


Language 

Textbooks 

pronominal verbs 

making sentences using pronominal 

laboratory. 

verbs 

1.9 Understand how to excuse 

Explain situations in which one may 

1.8 Excuse oneself. 

Guide students in responding to 

oneself. 

need to excuse oneself, and how to do 

situations requiring them to excuse 

so. 

themselves. 

1.10 Identify common forms of 

1.9 Understand common forms 

Guide students in replying to an 

entertainment in French- 

of entertainment in 

invitation. 

speaking countries. 

French-speaking 

countries. 

Show films. 

4 1.11 Identify the imperative 

Explain conjugation of the imperative 

Chalkboard 

1.10. Use the imperative form 

Guide students in using the imperative 

Language 

form of verbs. 

form. 

Textbooks 

of verbs. 

form of verbs in simple sentences. 

laboratory. 

1.11 Make simple 


1.12 Understand simple 

Explain how to use ‘où’ and ‘qui’ in 

interrogative 

sentences 

making simple interrogative sentences 

interrogative sentences 

simple interrogative sentences. 

using ‘où’ and ‘qui’. 



1.12 Hold a short telephone 

Guide students in role-playing short 

conversation. 

telephone conversations. 

131

5. 1.13 Identify geographical 

Explain how to use the different 

Chalkboard 

1.13 Use geographical 

Guide students in using geographical 

Language 

prepositions 

geographical prepositions 

Textbooks 

prepositions in simple 

prepositions in simple sentences, using 

laboratory. 

(à/en/aux/chez/dans) 

(à/en/aux/chez/dans) 

sentences. 

the vocabulary for different forms of 

transport. 

1.14Understand vocabulary for 

Explain different forms of transport 

1.14 Make sentences using the 

different forms of transport. 

available in France. 

vocabulary for different forms 

of transport. 

1.15 Respond to an emergency 

Explain the different emergency services 

situation. 

personnel in France. 

Guide students in responding to 

emergency situations. 

General Objective 2: Express oneself in the future. 

6 2.1 Identify the future tense. 

Explain conjugation of the future 

Chalkboard. 

2.1 Make simple sentences 


Language 

tense. 

Textbooks. 

using the future tense. 

sentences using the future tense. 

laboratory. 

2.2 Understand vocabulary for 

2.2 Reply to simple 

Guide students in role-playing 

months and years. 

Explain vocabulary for months and 

interrogative 

sentences 

conversations relating to date, e.g. 

years. 

relating to time using 

between a hotel receptionist and a client 

vocabulary for months 

wishing to make a reservation. 

and dates. 

2.3 Make simple interrogative 

2.3 Understand interrogative 

sentences using ‘quand’. 


Give examples of simple interrogative 


7 2.4 Identify the verb ‘être’ in the 

Explain conjugation of the verb ‘être’ 

Chalkboard. 

2.4 Use the verb ‘être’ in the 

Guide students in making different 

Language 

future tense. 

in the future tense. 

Textbooks. 

future tense. 

sentences using the verb ‘être’ in the 

laboratory. 

future, with appropriate temporal 

prepositions. 

132

Guide students in describing what they 

2.5 Identify temporal 

Explain use of temporal prepositions 

2.5 Make sentences using 

will do after they graduate. 

prepositions used to indicate the 

used to indicate the future (‘dans, en, 

temporal prepositions that 

future. 

pour, pendant’). 

indicate the future. 

8 2.6 Identify the verb ‘avoir’ in 

Explain conjugation of the verb ‘avoir’ 

Chalkboard. 


Guide students in making sentences 

Language 

the future tense. 


Textbooks. 

verb ‘avoir’ in the future 

using the verb ‘avoir’ in the future tense. 

laboratory. 

tense. 

Guide students in reworking sentences to 

2.7 Identify indirect object 

Explain how indirect object pronouns 

2.7 Use indirect object 

use indirect object pronouns. 

pronouns. 

are used. 

pronouns in sentences. 

9 2.8 Identify the verb ‘aller’ in 

Explain conjugation of the verb ‘aller’ 

Chalkboard 



Language 

the future tense. 


Textbooks. 

verb ‘aller’ in the future 

conversations between a tourism agent 

laboratory. 

tense. 

and a French-speaking person travelling 

in their area who requires explanations 

2.9 Understand interrogative 

Make interrogative sentences using 

2.9Make 

interrogative 

of a itinerary. 

sentences with ‘pourquoi’ and 

‘pourquoi’ and ‘comments’ as 

sentences 

using 

‘comment’. 

examples. 

‘pourquoi’ 

and 

‘comment’. 

10 2.10 Understand the expression 

Explain expressions using ‘si + 

Chalkboard 


Guide students in listening to and 

Language 

of condition using ‘Si’ + 

present’. 

Textbooks. 

expression ‘si’ + present. 

making conditional sentences using the 

laboratory. 

present. 

Films. 

expression ‘si’ + present. 

Films. 

2.11 Use common expressions 

Items used to 

used in greeting cards. 

Guide students in making greeting cards 

celebrate French 

2.11 Understand common 

Give examples of common 

for different times of year/life. 

holidays as 

expressions used in 

expressions used in greeting cards/ 

2.12 Understand major 

appropriate. 

greeting cards. 

(‘adresser ses voeux’) 

holidays celebrated in 

Show films on major holidays celebrated 

France. 

in France. 

2.12 Identify major holidays 

Explain how major holidays are 

If appropriate, organize for students to 

133

celebrated in France. 

celebrated in France, including 

Bastille Day, the new year and the 

main religious holidays. 

attend a celebration ceremony at a 

French institution or organize one in the 

classroom. 

General Objective 3: Express oneself in the past. 

11 3.1 Identify the passé composé. 

Explain conjugation of the passé 

Chalkboard 

3.1 Use the passé compose in 

Guide students in using the passé 

Language 

composé tense. 

Textbooks. 


compose in sentences using verbs 

laboratory. 

expressing action and 

expressing action and state. 

3.2 Understand the difference 

state. 

between verbs expressing 

Explain the difference between verbs 

action, and verbs 

expressing action, and verbs 

expressing state. 

expressing state. 

Explain the effect of this on endings in 

the past tense. 

3.3 Understand the expression ‘Il 

3.2 Use the expression ‘Il y a’. 

Guide students in using the expression 

y a ‘. 

Give examples of sentences using the 

‘Il y a’. 

expression ‘Il y a’. 

3.3 Read and explain a 

curriculum vitae. 

Guide students in role-playing job 

interviews. 

12 3.4 Understand interrogative 

Make simple sentences using ‘quel’ as 

Chalkboard 

3.3Make 

interrogative 

Guide students in making interrogative 

Language 

sentences using 

examples. 

Textbooks. 

sentences using ‘quel/le/ls/les’ 

sentences using ‘quel’. 

laboratory. 

‘quel’/le/ls/les’. 

3.4 Use basic vocabulary for 

Guide students in describing how they 

3.5 Identify basic vocabulary for 

food. 

cook their favourite local food. 

food. 

Explain basic vocabulary for food. 

3.5 Know basic French 

3.6 Understand basic French 

conventions for eating. 


134

conventions for eating. 

conversations between restaurant 

3.6 Know how to place and 

personnel and French clients. 

take orders in a restaurant. 

13 3.7 Identify the imperfect tense. 

Explain when the imperfect tense is 

Chalkboard. 


Guide students in making sentences 

Language 

used. 

Textbooks. 

imperfect tense. 

using the imperfect tense and passé 

laboratory. 

compose, with appropriate temporal 

Explain conjugation of the imperfect 

prepositions. 

tense. 

3.8 Understand temporal 


prepositions used to express the 

Explain temporal prepositions used to 

conversations between a tourist 

past. 

expression the past (en, depuis, 

interested in the history of a monument 

pendant) 

or area of their community and a guide. 

14 3.9 Understand vocabulary 

Explain vocabulary expressing broad 

Chalkboard 

3.8 Understand broad 

Show films/news. 

Language 

expressing broad political and 

political and historical events. 

Textbooks. 

historical events in 

laboratory. 

historical events. 

France. 

Guide students in reading and 

Films. 

commenting on short articles on French 

politics. 

15 3.10 Know the main institutions 

Explain the main institutions and 

Chalkboard 

3.9 Situate the main 

Show films/news. 

Language 

and figures of the French 

figures of the French political system 

Textbooks. 

institutions and figures of 

laboratory. 

political system 

the French political 

Guide students in reading and 

Films. 

system. 

commenting on short articles on French 

politics. 


Coursework (including oral and written) 

% 

Oral examination 

% 

Written examination 

% 

135

50 25 25 


Escales. Méthode de français. Jacques Blanc, Jean-Michel Cartier, Pierre Lederlin. Paris : CLE International, 2001. 

Taxi ! Méthode de français. Pierre-François Guédon. Paris : Hachette, 2004. 

Panorama de la langue française, Jacky Girardet et Jean-Marie Cridlig, Paris : CLE International. 1996. 

Studio 60, Christian Lavenne et al. Paris : Les Editions Didier, 2002. 

Grammaire pour l’enseignement/apprentissage du FLE, Geneviève-Dominique de Salins, Didier/Hatier, Paris, 1996. 

La grammaire des premiers temps, D. Abry, M-L Chalaron. Presses Universitaires de Grenoble, 2000. 

136

Department/ Programme: NATIONAL DIPLOMA IN 

Course Code:124 Credit Hours: 3 

HOSPITALITY MANAGEMENT 

Subject/Course: FRONT OFFICE OPERATION Theoretical: 2 hours/week 


General Objectives: On completion of this course, the diplomate should be able to: 

1.0 Understand the relationship of the front office department with other departments within the organization. 

2.0 Understand the value and attributes of social skills of the front office employee 

3.0 Know the functions of the front office and its employees 

4.0 Know the checking procedures and the various records for registration 

5.0 Know the communication processes in hospitality organisations 

6.0 Know the importance of the telephone as a means of communication 

Course: FRONT OFFICE OPERATION 

Course Code: HMT 124 Credit Hours: 3 


137




General Objective 1.0: Understand the relationship of the front office department within the organization 

Week Specific Learning Outcomes Teacher’s activities Resources Specific Learning Outcomes Teacher’s 

activities 

Resources 

1 

1.1 Explain how Front Office department gives the 

first impression of the organization. 

1.2 Outline the interrelationship of the Front Office 

with other departments (restaurants, 

housekeeping) and back of house (kitchen and 

Explain the interdependence 

between the front office and 

other departments. 

Discuss ways in which the 

Organisation 

charts 

Video 

Understand how front office department 

gives the first impression of the 

organization. 

Outline the interrelationship of the front 

Draw charts to 

show the 

interrelationships 

of the front office 

and the other 

Charts 

Video Set 

TV. 

Video 

cassette. 

housekeeping, laundry) and also of other service 

first impression of an 

office with other departments – restaurant, 

departments. 

department (finance, security, maintenance, 

establishment can be created 

Video cassette 

housekeeping, kitchen, laundry and other 

marketing). 

through the front office. 

service departments such as finance, 

Take students on an 

TV 

security maintenance, marketing. 

industrial visit. 

1.3 State the benefits that exist in fostering positive 

Discuss how interrelationship 

relations for 

between the front office and 

Diagrams 

State the benefits that exist in fostering 

Show video of a 

1.3.1 Improved customer service 

other departments can 

positive relations. 

front office at 

1.3.2 Increased sales 

improve custainer service, 

Flip chart 

work. 

1.3.3 Good working atmosphere – team ‘spirit’ 

increase sales and encourage 

Improved customer service 

1.4 Relate the different components of the Front 

esprit d’coup. 

Lead the students 

Office in: Front desk; Concierge; Switch board; 

Increased sales 

in group disussions 

Reception room; Lounge; Porters and luggage 


role plays on how 

2 

handling. 

product knowledge in front 

Good work place atmosphere team spirit. 

the front office 

1.5 State the relevance of product knowledge in Front 

office operations. 

creates a first 

Office operations 

Relate the different components of the 

impression how 

1.6 Draw and explain the organizational structure of 

Front Office – Front desk, concierge, 

positive 

the front office. 

switch board. 

relationship fosters 

Reception room, Lounge, Porters and 

increased customer 

luggage handling. 

service, increased 

sales and good 

138

State the relevance of product knowledge 

in front office operations 

work place 

atmosphere. 

Explain the organisational structure of the 

front office. 

Draw the 

organisational 

structure of the 

front office. 

General Objective 2.0: Understand the value and attributes of social skills of the Front Office employee. 

3 2.1 Describe the quality of the front office employee 

in terms of 

2.2 High standard of professional attitude. 

2.3 Hygiene standards. 

2.4 Etiquette and communication skills 

2.5 Dress code 

Explain what is required of 

front office employees in 

terms of their professional 

attitudes, standard of personal 

hygiene grooming and 

communication skills. 

Pictures 

Describe the quality of the front office 

employee in terms of: 

High standard of professional attitude 

Hygiene standards 

Etiquette and communication skills 

Dress code. 

Lead a discussion on 

the qualities of front 

office employees 

with regard to 

appearance i.e. 

grooming, 

professional attitude, 

personal hygiene and 

communication 

skills. 

Photograp 

hs pictures 

of front 

office 

employees 

4 

5 

General Objective 3.0:Know the functions of the Front Office and its employees 

3.1 Explain the functions of the front office which Explain the functions of the 

include: 

front office. 

3.1.1. Receiving and welcoming guests 

3.1.2. Checking in/out of guests 

Reception area 

3.2 Explain the importance of discretion and Discuss the importance of 

importance of the guest and his privacy. 

discretion in dealing with 

Explain the functions of the front office 

which include; 

3.1.2 Checking guests in or out 

3.1.3 Giving directions to the guests within 

the organisation and making 

recommendations of suitable facilities. 

Allocating rooms 

Demonstrate 

checking in and out 

of guests. 

Illustrate with 

examples the 

.Samples 

of relevant 

document 

s 

cardboard 

sheets. 

guest also the importance of 

Be able to advise the guest on how best to 

allocation of rooms 

Felt pens 

139

3.3 List other services that could be expected from a 

front office department especially that of a small 

respecting guests privacy. 

obtain services 

Accounting and payment of bill 

to guest, payment of 

bills preparation and 

markers. 

6 

hotel 

Elicit from students other 

Handling guests luggage securely. 

distribution of arrival 

3.4 Allocation of accommodation 

services that could be 

Explain the importance of discretion and 

lists. 

3.5 Be able to advice the guest on how best to obtain 

obtained from the front office 

respect of the guest and his privacy. 

services within the city for example travel 

especially that of a small 

List other services that could be expected 


services and attractions. 

hotel. 

from a front office department e.g. in a 

handling of luhhage. 

small hotel. 

3.6 Account payment and bill handling. 

3.7 Luggage handling and how o ensure security of 

guest personal effects. 

3.8 Handling guest mail messages and paging 

3.9 The value of discretion and respecting customer 

privacy for a Front Office employee 

3.10 List other services e.g business services that 

could be expected from a Front Office 

department especially in small hotels. 

General Objective 4.0: Know the checking procedures and the various records for guest registration 

7 4.1a. Check guest histories accurately to identify 

guest details 

b. Confirm reservations in accordance with 

establishment procedures 

c. Allocate rooms in accordance with guest 

requirements 

d. Confirm reservations in accordance with 

establishment procedures 

e. Compile arrival list noting any special requests 

f. Distribute arrival list to or notify in an 

appropriate manner relevant department 

Show samples of records of 

guests registration 

Direct students to produce 

these records. 

Explain the necessary steps in 

checking quests history. 

Describe the procedure for 

confirmation of reservation in 

Flip chart 

Samples of 

registration 

document. 

Describe the procedures for checking 

guests in. 

Check guests history accurately to identify 

guests. 

Allocate rooms according to guests 

requirements 

Confirm reservation in accordance with 

establishment procedures. 


check guests history 

and identity. 

Show how to allocate 

rooms according to 

guests requirements. 

Show how to confirm 

reservation 

Show how to compile 

Telephone 

samples or 

registratio 

n 

stationery 

– registerloose 

sheets 

reservatio 

n forms 

cash 

receipt 

books 

140

(room service, switch board, concierge, 

housekeeping) 

g. Prepare guest folios 

accordance with the 

establishment procedure 

allocation of rooms. 

Compile arrival list noting any special 

needs of guest. 

arrival list and 

distribute to relevant 

departments 

luggage 

pass note 

book. 

h.. Record payment details 

Explain the use, compilation 

Distribute arrival list in an appropriate 

Show how to prepare 

4.1 Records for guest registration 

and distribution of arrival 

manner to notify relevant departments (e.g. 

guests folio 

8 

Describe and identify the different types of 

lists, guests folio guests 

room service, restaurant, kitchen, 

registers, e.g. 

payment documents. 

housekeeping, switch board, concierge 

Show how to record 

book form, loose leaf, individual cards. 

etc.) 

payments 

Explain and apply the procedure for guest 

Explain the types and use of 

registration 

the guests register, visitors 

Prepare quest folios. 

Show the different 

Explain and apply the uses of the luggage book 

record index arrival and 

types of registers and 

and luggage 

departure list, change of room 

Record payment details. 

how they are used. 

pass 

form, room record form. 

Explain and apply the use of the black book 


Explain and apply the use of visitor’s record card, 

Explain the procedure in 

registers a guest 

room 

welcoming guests and 

record card, guest alphabetical index, arrival and 

registering guests with 

Show the use of a 

departure 

reservation and those without. 

luggage book and a 

list, change of room form. 

luggage pass 

Describe and explain the use 

4.2 Check in procedures/Guest registration 

of telex, facsimile, computer 

Pass the black book 

m. Welcome guests and confirm details of 

facilities. 

and how it is used. 

9 

reservation. If a 

work-in, guest just commence with 

Explain how information 

Show the use of 

registration after 

technology is used in 

visitors record card 

adequate information to the guest and 

reservation – CRS, Guest 

room record card, 

approval from the 

history record internet 

requests alphabetical 

guest 

advertising, credit card sales, 

index, arrival and 

n. Follow the registration procedures for guests 

key card and security. 

department forums, 

with/without 

change of room form 

141

eservation 

Describe how information 

technology is used in front 


office statistics. 

welcome guest 

Explain simple forecasting 

and yield management in 

front office operations. 

General Objective 5: 

10 Explain to guest clearly details relating to room 

keys, guest 

mails an messages and safety deposit facilities 

Describe how details relating 

to room keys can be passed to 

guest, how to describe the 


pass information 

Key 

p. Describe to guests clearly the room and general 

room and the facilities of the 

concerning room 

facilities 

hotel to guests. 

keys to guests. 

q. Give the key and direct the guest to the correct 

room 

r. Know hot to handle guest luggage and 

Explain how to give the room 

key to the guests and how to 


passing of messages 

Luggage 

receptionist should 

direct guests to the room. 

and the handling of 

relate to the porters in accordance with the 

safe deposit and 


Explain how to handle guests 

mails. 

procedures 

luggage applying [rp[er 

142

s. Follow authorized procedures to ensure guests 

procedure. 


11 

receive 

give the key to the 

requested wake up calls mail and messages 

Explain how to follow proper 

guest and how to 

t. Know how to order taxi services at the request of 

procedure to ensure that 

direct the guest to the 

guest 

guests receive mails, 

room. 

u. Use appropriate social skills in addressing the 

messages and wake up calls. 

guest at all 


times 

Describe how to order a taxi. 

handling of guests 

v. Offer forward reservations and perform 

luggage. 

appropriate farewell 

practices to encourage repeat customers 

Explain how to use the right 

social skills in addressing the 

guest at all times, 


play a role and 

Telephone 

Letter 

handle the procedures 

Describe how to offer 

of providing services 

forward reservation and how 

of wake-up call, 

to perform appropriate 

messages, mails. 

farewell practices to 

encourage repeat customers. 


order a taxi for guest 


Telephone.. 

address the guest at 

all times. 

Demonstrate the offer 

of forward 

reservation and the 

social skill needed in 

saying farewell to the 

guest. 

143

General Objective 5.0: Know the communication processes in hospitality organization 

Deal with problem situations 

Role play based on 

12 

5.1 Define the term communication and the 

the provision of a set 

importance in any organization. 

Provide Videos on 

of information to a 

5.2 Describe and list the different forms of verbal and 

communications 

Telephone 

customer 

non-verbal communication: 

Video 

i. Know the different telecommunication systems: 

Show samples 

PBX (Private Branch Exchange); PMBX (Private 

Manual Branch Exchange); Push-button intercom 

Role play on interpersonal 

system,; loud speaking system; Automatic 

skills 

answering phone; telex; free phone 

ii. Apply establishment procedures to guest mail 

such as: proper dating, recording of 

correspondence, distribution to persons. 

13 

iii. Use standard procedures to 

o 

prepare outgoing correspondence 

o 

business filing techniques in front office 

o 

handling registered mails 

iv. Handling enquiries of guests e.g inform guests on 

places of 

interests and festivals taking place. 

v. What interpersonal skill needed in communication 

and know 

how best to obtain necessary information from a 

guest 

applying adequate social skills 

General Objectives: 6.0 Know the importance of the telephone as a means of communication 

144

IMPORTANCE OF TELEPHONE 

Student to role play 

telephone 

on a problematic 

14 

6.1 Explain the importance of the telephone in a hotel 

Lectures 

situation, responding 

and state the meaning and use of AD & C, PABX 

to clients in an 

and STD. 

Discussion 

Pictures 

appropriate matter. 

6.2 Apply adequate telephone skills in: 

Role play: telephone 

(i) 

Timing-importance of answering incoming 

Case studies 

conversation with a 

calls promptly 

customer 

(ii) 

Speaking clearly 

(iii) 

Listening skills 

(iv) 

Information gathering and collecting 

customer information 

(v) 

Confirming understanding 

15 

6.3 Apply telephone skills in merchandising 

o 

assertiveness 

o 

product knowledge and b able to explain 

promotional packages and property facility to 

generate sales 

o 

meeting customer needs 

o 

offers 

o 

value of product knowledge 

6.4 State the importance, describe and operate a 

telephone switch board. 

Assessment: 


Coursework/ Assignments 50%; Practical 50 %; 


Abbott, P and Lewry ( 1993) front office procedures, Social skills and Management, London: Butterworth Heinemann 

Baker, S. Huyton, J and Bradley, P ( 2000) Principles of Hotel front Office Operations 2nd Ed. London: Continuu 

145

Bardi J ( 1996) Hotel front office management 2nd Ed. Chichester: Wiley 

Boella, M.J and Pannett, A. (2000) Principles of Hospitality Law, Cassell, London 

Braham B ( 1993) Hotel Front Office 2nd ed - Cheltenham: Stanley Thornes 

Verginis, C and Wood, R. ( 1999) Accommodation Management: perspectives for the International hotel Industry London: International Thompson Business Press 

146

PROGRAMME: NATIONAL DIPLOMA IN HOSPITALITY 

MANAGEMENT 

Code: HMT 127 


4.0 

Course: PRINCIPLES OF ACCOUNTING I Pre-requisite: WASC/SSC Accounts 


Semester: FIRST SEMESTER 


Goal: This course is designed to expose the students to the principles of accounting and the application of same to different types of transactions. 


On completion of this module the students should be able to: 

1.0 Know history, principles, role and conventions of accounting. 

2.0 Understand principles of double entry. 

3.0 Know capital and revenue items. 

4.0 Know books of original entry. 

5.0 Know the uses of ledger. 

6.0 Know trial balance. 

7.0 Know how errors are identified. 

8.0 Know the uses of journal. 

9.0 Understand bank reconciliation statements. 

10.0 Know depreciation. 

11.0 Understand accruals and prepayment. 

12.0 Know final accounts. 

147

PROGRAMME: NATIONAL DIPLOMA IN HOSPITALITY 

MANAGMEMENT 

Code: ACC 111 


4.0 

Course: PRINCIPLES OF ACCOUNTS Pre-requisite: 

Theoretical: 1 hours/week – 25% 

Semester FIRST SEMESTER 




General Objective 1: Know history, principles, role and conventions of accounting. 

Week Specific Learning Outcomes Teacher’s Activities Resources Specific Learning Outcomes Teacher’s 

Resources 

Activities 

1 

1.1 State the history of accounting and the 

conventions. 

(i) Give brief definition 

of accounting. 

Overhead 

projector 

1. Demonstrate their 

knowledge of the 

Organise 

students into role 

Flipcharts 

1.2 Explain the principles involved in (ii) Explain the 

history, 

model group relating Overhead projector 

accounting. 

concepts and 

principles, role 

accounting activities 

2 

1.3 Explain the role of accounting activity in 

the operation of an enterprise. 

conventions of 

Accounting.. 

(iii) Discuss the 

and convention of 

accounting. 

to business 


1.4 State the significance of accounting relationship of 

activities in the operation of a accounting 

Hhotel/catering industry. 

activities in the 

operation of a 


(iv) State the 

importance of 

accounting 

activities to an hospitality 

industry. 

General Objective 2: Know capital and revenue items. 

3 2.1 Define capital and revenue items. (i) Explain capital and Overhead Classify items into revenue or Direct students to Flip charts 

148

2.2 Classify capital and revenue 

revenue items. 

projector 

capital expenditure. 

list revenue and 

Overhead projector. 

items. 

(ii) Discuss the 

capital items that 

2.3 Explain the accounting 

treatment of capital 

Differentiate capital 

may be used in a 

treatment with respect to 

and revenue items 

expenditure from revenue 

medium size 

capital and revenue items in 

in the books of 

expenditure. 

hospitality industry 

a transaction. 

accounts. 

e.g. a 3-Star hotel. 

General Objective 3: Understand principles of double entry. 

4 3.1 Explain the principles of double entry. 

3.2 Make correct entries in the 

ledger as it affects the debit 

and credit aspects of a 

(i) Explain the 

principles of double 

entry. 

(ii) Illustrate posting of 

Overhead 

projector 

Worked examples 

1. Demonstrate their 

understanding of 

principles of 

double entry. 

1.Guide 

students in 

posting 

transactions 

Flipchart 

transaction. 

transactions into 

accounts in the 

ledger. 

2. Post various 

business 



ledger. 

into various 

accounts. 

2. Organise 

students to make 

classroom 

Overhead projector 

Transparencies. 

presentations in 

groups e.g. one 

group sales, one 

group purchases. 

General Objective 4: Know books of original entry. 

5 

4.1 Define books of original entry. 

4.2 Name and explain the books of original 

(e.g. cash book, sales day book, purchases 

day book, return inwards and outwards 

books, journal, petty cash book and the 

imprest system). 

4.3 Explain the uses of the various books. 

(i) Define source 

documents. 

(ii) Explain the books 

of original 

entry and how 

transactions are 

recorded in them. 

Overhead 

projector 

1. Record 


book of original 

entry. 

2. Post into the 


ledger. 

3. Balance the 

Illustrate with 

sample transactions 

entries from books 

of original entry to 

the ledger using a 

computer 

spreadsheet 

Overhead projector 

Transparences. 

Pre-printed source 

documents. 

Computer spreadsheet 

application 

149

6 4.4 Make accounting entries in the various 

books. 

General Objective 5: Know the use of ledger. 


ledger. 

4. Extract trial 

balance. 

Explain the effect of 

such entries on the 

trial balance. 

7 

5.1 Define a ledger. 

(i) State the various 

Overhead 

Ability to carry out simple 

Give interactive 

Kalamazoo 

5.2 Explain the uses of the ledger and its 

types of ledger. 

projector 

postings into and out of the 

quizzes to test the 

Interactive Quizes 

importance. 

(ii) Explain the uses 

ledgers 

understanding of the 

downloaded from 

and importance of 

topic. 

Internet . 

8 

5.3 Post properly to accounts in a ledger and 

ledger and how to 

carry down periodic balances. 

post to the 

5.4 Explain the end use of ledger 


balance. 

ledger 

(iii) Illustrate how to 

balance accounts 

to form a trial 

balance. 

General Objective 6: Know trial balance. 

9 6.1 Define a trial balance. 

(i) Explain the uses of 

Overhead 

Able to extract a trial balance. 

Directing students to 

Computer 

6.2 State the need for a trial balance and its 

and how to 

projector 

extract trial balance 

spreadsheet 

use. 

extract a trial 


using a spreadsheet 

application 

6.3 Explain how a trial balance is extracted. 

balance. 

6.4 Extract through practice the trial balance 

(ii) Illustrate with 

of a transaction, at the end of a period. 

examples how to 

extract a trial 

balance. 

General Objective 7: Know how errors are identified. 

10 7.1 Explain how errors may be identified. 

7.2 Categorize the common occurrence of 

accounting errors. 

(i) Explain how errors 

can be identified 

and corrected. 

1. Identify sources 

of accounting 

errors. 

Show the uses 

of the Journals. 

Students directed to 

T-accounts 

downloaded from 

Internet trial 

150

7.3 Identify errors in accounting. 

(ii) State effect of 

work in groups to 

balance competed 

7.4 Correct such errors that are identified in an 

errors on the 

2. Correct errors 

work on exercise to 

on spreadsheet. 

account by use of journal entries. 

financial 

using journal. 

correct a trial 

statements. 

balance. 

General Objective 8: Know the uses of journal. 

11 8.1 Define Journal. 

(i) Explain and 

Overhead 

Able to post journal entries in 


flipchart 

8.2 Explain the use and the importance of 

demonstrate the use 

projector 

books of account 

work in groups to 

journal vouchers. 

and importance of 


present on the 

8.3 Explain the use of a journal in relation to 

the journal. 

practical uses of the 

transactions which do not involve cash 

journal in a one trip, 

payments or cash receipts. 

three, four and five 

8.4 Make various journal entries. 

star hotel. 

General Objective 9: Understand bank reconciliation statements. 

12 9.1 Define a bank reconciliation statement. 

9.2 Explain the need for a reconciliation. 

9.3 Carry out a bank reconciliation, of a given 

cash account and bank account. 

(i) Explain what bank 

reconciliation is 

and why it is 

necessary to prepare 

it. 

(ii) Illustrate the 

preparation of bank 

reconciliation 

Overhead 

projector 


1. Carryout a bank 

reconciliation of a 

given cash and 

bank account. 

Direct the 

students to carry 

out a bank 

reconciliation 

exercise and 

graphically 

produce the 

statement. 

Sample blank 

bank 

statements. 

Pro-form a in 

computer. 

statements. 

General Objective 10: Know depreciation. 

13 10.1 Define depreciation. 

10.2 Explain the necessity for periodic 

depreciation. 

10.3 Determine the depreciation of assets of a 

business for a relevant period. 

10.4 Trace depreciation entries in accounting 

(i) Define depreciation 

and explain the 

various methods 

used. 

(ii) Calculate 

depreciation using 

Overhead 

projector 


Compute depreciation 

using straight line and 

reducing balance method 

either manually or with 

the aid of computer. 


compute hard asset 

depreciation using a 

case study. 

Computer 

packages. 

Projector 

Transparencies. 

to its final stage. 

straight line method 

151

and reducing 

Spreadsheets 

balance method. 

(iii) Show how 

depreciation should 

appear in the books 

of accounts. 

General Objective 11: Understand accrual and prepayment. 

14 11.1 Define accruals and 

prepayments. 

11.2 Explain the accounting treatment of 

accruals 

and prepayments. 

(i) Define accruals, 

prepayments and 

explain their 

accounting 

treatment. 

Overhead 

projector 


1. Ascertain 

accurate and 

prepayments 


such as rent 

electricity, 


calculation of 

accurate and 

prepayments 

using various 

examples. 

Spreadsheet. 

insurance etc. 

2. Calculate 

accruals and 

prepayments. 

General Objective 12: Know final accounts. 

15 12.1 Explain the meaning of 

final accounts. 

12.2 Describe the stages in the preparation of 

final accounts. 

(i) Explain the meaning 

of final accounts. 


preparation of final 

Overhead 

projector 


1. Prepare 

adjustments to 

reflect the 

corrected errors, 


prepare an ETB 

using a case study. 

ETB produced 

using 

computer 

spreadsheet. 

12.3 Extract a single final account of a sole 

accounts. 

depreciation, 


trader (Trading Profit and Loss Account 

and the Balance Sheet). 

accrual and 

prepayments in 

the final accounts 

of a sole trader. 

prepare P-L and 

balance sheet from 

ETB produced 

above. 

Final accounts 

produced on 

spreadsheet. 

2. Prepare Trading and 

Profit and loss 

152

account and balance 

sheet. 


Coursework 

Course test 

25% 

% 

Suggested reading 

Owen G (1998) Accounting for Hospitality, Tourism and Leisure, 2nd ed. , Harlow: Longman 

Practical 

25% 

Other (Examination/project/portfolio) 50% 

153



Course Code: 

HMT 236 


Subject/Course: HOSPITALITY MANAGEMENT Theoretical: 2 hours/week 

Year: 2 Semester: Pre-requisite: Practical: 2 hours /week 


1.0 Understand the nature of the hospitality Industry 

2.0 Understand the organizational set up of the hotel industry 

3.0 Organograme of a hotel 

4.0 Know the importance of health and safety at work 

5.0 Understand accident prevention in the hospitality Industry task procedures 

154

Course: NATIONAL DIPLOMA IN TOURISM MANAGEMENT 

Course 

HMT 236 

Contact Hours 4 

Credit Hours 4 

Course: HOSPITALITY MANAGEMENT Theoretical: 2 hours/week 

Week 

/s 

1 

2 




General Objective 1.0 Understand the nature of the hospitality Industry 

Define hospitality industry 

Describe the varieties of hospitality industry: 

Hotels and restaurants (e.g. Hotels, restaurants, clubs, motel, (etc) 

Welfare and industrial catering (e.g. hospitals, nursing homes, 

residential establishment e.g. schools and colleges, halls of residence 

(etc) 

Transport catering (e.g. railways, motorways, airlines, ferries cruise 

ship etc. 


Learning 

Outcomes 

Explain hospitality industry Textbooks Know the meaning of 

Explain the component of 

hospitality (i.e. International 

restaurant, welfare and 

industries catering e g 

hospitals, Nursing home etc 

General Objective 2.0 Understand the organizational set up of the hotel industry 

Hand outs 

hospitality industry the 

ability to explain all 

the categories of the 

hospitality industry 

Teacher’s 

activities 

*Arrange 

reading 

*Ask students 

to summarise 

the varieties of 

types of 

hospitality 

industry 

* Take Students 

to the various 

types of hotels, 

restaurant and 

recreational 

centres 

Resources 

Textbook 

Handout on 

the nature of 

hospitality 

industry 

Vehicle 

155

3 


2.1 Define the term organization 

2.2 Itemize hotel departments: 

Front office 

Housekeeping 

Food and beverage 

Maintenance 

List and explain the 

departments in a hotel 

Textbooks 

Charts 

Know the term 

organization the 

ability to enumerate 

the various 

departments in a hotel 

Give 

assignment of 

any 

organization of 

and supervise 

the task 

Textbooks 

printer 

materials or 

journals 

vehicle 

Accounting 

Administration 

Visit a five star 

hotel and go 

through the 

various 

Department 

WEEK 

General Objective 3.0 Organograme of a hotel 

4 


3.1 Draw an organizational charts of: 

Small hotel 

textbooks 

*The organizational of 

charts of a hotel 

*Know the 

Ask students to 

draw an 


Textbook 

Handout 

Medium hotel 


chart of a hotel 

5 

Large hotel 

structure of small and 

* students to 

Differentiate between the organizational structure of small 

a large hotel 

compare an 

and large hotels 


structure of 

small and large 

hotel of a given 

work 

6 

7 

8 

General Objective 4.0 Know the importance of health and safety at work 

Explain the basic principles of occupational hygiene Take the students 

Specify the rules of using chemicals through safe 

Know the safety regulations procedures in the 

Describe the responsibility of the employers hospitality Industry. 

Fast track 

Food safety 

Videos 

*The principles of 

occupational hygiene 

*:List the rule of using 

chemicals. 

*Let student 


safety 

procedures in 

Textbooks 

Handouts 

Red Cross 

manual 

156

Explain the provision and use of work equipment. 

* Know the 


9 

responsibility of the 

industry 

employers 

*Ask Students 

*Know the use of 

to summarise 

work equipment. 

the key points 

of health and 

safety at work 

*Demonstrate 

issue pf 

different 

chronicles for 

cleaning 

WEEK 

General Objective 5.0 Understand accident prevention in the hospitality Industry task procedures 

13 


6.1 Know the use of first aid equipments 

Arrange for fire fighting 

procedure and prevention. 

Explain five precaution 

Textbooks 

Handouts and 

printed 

materials on 

Know the simple 

procedure on first and 

unsafe understand fire 

prevention. 

Demonstrate a 

single incident 

of first aid. 

Ask student to 

First aid 

Box, Five 

extinguisher 

Textbook 

14 

6.2 Explain fire precaution 

Discuss the methods of 

first, aid and 

Know the methods of 

explain the key 

extinguish fire 

fire 

extinguishing five 

points on five 

extinguishers 

preventions and 

15 

6.3 Describe the methods of extinguishing a fire 

five 

extinguisher 

Assessment: Give details of assignments to be used: Coursework/ Assignments 50 %; Projects 50 %; Examination 50% 


157

Course Code: 




HMT 245 

Subject/Course: Business accounting for hospitality and tourism Theoretical: 2 hours/week 



1.0 Know how to prepare final accounts from relevant books of entries 

2.0 Understand bank reconciliation statement 

3.0 Understanding basic accounting procedures for hospitality establishments and travel agencies 

4.0 Know difficult problems in financial accounting 

5.0 Know financial reporting 

6.0 Understand the profit and loss account 

7.0 Know the balance sheet 

8.0 Know cash flow statement 

158

Course: Business Accounting for Hospitality and 

Tourism 

Course Code: HMT 245 Credit Hours: 





General Objective 1.0 Know how to prepare final accounts from relevant books of entries 

Week/s Specific Learning Outcomes Teacher’s activities Resources Specific 

Learning 

Outcomes 

Teacher’s 

activities 

Resources 

1 

1.1 Explain principles of double entry, cheques, balancing an 

Lecture 

Textbooks and 

account and various ledges. 

writing board 

1.2 Record various revenue; accommodation, restaurant, bar, 

banqueting, laundry, rentals, recreational, telephone, fax, e- 

PC and printer 

mail, internet, room service charges, service charge, VAT 

etc. 

1.3 Record various expenditures in relation to the above revenue 

sectors including trade discount, overhead and capital 

expenses. 

2 

Week 

1.4 Prepare various cash books; cash, bank and discount, petty 

cash book, gusts-paid-out, cash receivables etc. 

1.5 Analyse purpose and structure of trial balance, depreciation 

of fix assets, trading, profit and loss accounts and balance 

sheet. 

General Objective 2.0 Understand bank reconciliation statement 

BANK RECONCILIATION STATEMENT 

3 

2.1 Explain the terms reconcile and bank reconciliation. 

159

2.2 Identify the reasons why differences arise in cashbook and 

bank statement. 

4 

Week 

2.3 Prepare the cashbook (bank column only), bank statement 

and bank reconciliation. 

2.4 Explain the following terms: (i) cheques (ii) unpresented and 

uncredited cheques (iii) bank charges (iv) dishonoured 

cheques (v) direct payment (vi) bank standing orders and 

drafts. 

General Objective 3.0 Understanding basic accounting procedures for hospitality establishments and travel agencies 

BASIC ACCOUNTING PROCEDURES FOR HOSPITALITY 

ESTABLISHMENTS 

5 

3.1 Explain transaction associated with hospitality establishments 

and travel agencies, illustrating the accounting circles (i.e. 

journalizing, ledger etc). 

3.2 Compute with the use of special journals and ledgers 

reporting of products and services (cost of goods and services 

sold concepts). 

6 

Week 

3.3 Valuate inventory (illustrating FIFO, LIFO weighted average 

and moving average methods). 

3.4 Differentiate between perpetual and periodic inventory 

systems. 

3.5 Prepare final financial statement for a hospitality 

establishment (i.e. trading, profit and loss accounts). 

General Objective 4.0 Know difficult problems in financial accounting 

PROBLEMS IN FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING 

7 

4.1 Identify the management’s role in planning cash flows. 

4.2 Analyse the control and reporting system of petty cash 

160

transactions. 

4.3 Explain different methods of internal control system related 

to the hotel and catering industry with special emphasis on 

cash receipts, cash disbursement and sales in the food, 

beverage, room areas and other income outlets. 

8 

Week 

4.4 Illustrate the concepts in which hospitality financial analysis 

can be computerized (partially and fully). 

General Objective 5.0 Know financial reporting 

9 5.1 Discuss the importance of financial reporting. 

5.2 Identify the end users of these reports or statements. 

5.3 Describe the different financial statements used in hospitality 

operations: 

• Profit and loss account 

• Balance sheet 

• Cash flow statement. 

5.4 Define the different elements that constitute the financial 

statements in 5.3 above 

5.5 Explain the use of spreadsheets for reporting. 

Lecture 

Hand out coursework 

Photocopies of 

each of these 

financial 

statements as 

used in large 

companies 

Week 

General Objectives: 6.0 Understand the profit and loss account 

10 

6.1 Explain the importance of profit to a business. 

Demonstration 

Case 

material 

Class exercise, manual or with 

for 

these 

11 

6.2 Prepare a simple profit and loss account from a completed 

the use of spreadsheets 

exercise 

trial balance. 

Week 

General Objectives: 7.0 Know the balance sheet 

161

12 

7.1 Explain the position of the balance sheet as a statement of the 

Introduce students to the 

Newspaper and 

business position at a specific date. 

existence of fraud and creative 

magazine 

7.2 Examine the disadvantage of this financial statement. 

accounting. Give examples: 

articles 

Enron, Worldcom, Arthur, 

7.3 Prepare a simple balance sheet. 

Anderson, etc. 

7.4 Explain simple balance day adjustment to the balance sheet 

Demonstration, class exercises: 

Case 

material 

13 

- prepayments to revenue 

manual or with the use of 

for 

these 

- accured expenses to revenue 

spreadsheets 

exercise 

- depreciation 

Week 

General Objectives: 8.0 Know cash flow statement 

14 

8.1 Explain the importance of a healthy cash flow statement for 

the survival of a business. 

8.2 Identify the different sources and uses of cash in business 

activities: 

• Operations 

• Returns on investment 

• Taxation 

• Capital expenditure 

• Financial activities 

15 

8.3 Prepare simple cash flow statements from a number of 

different transactions 

Assessment: 




162

PROGRAMME: NATIONAL DIPLOMA 

IN LEISURE AND TOURISM 

Code: ACC 121 

Credit Hours: 

4.0 

MANAGEMENT 

Course: PRINCIPLES OF ACCOUNTS II Pre-requisite: ACC 111 


Semester: SECOND SEMESTER 


Goal: This course is designed to enable the student understand the application of accounting principles to specific business transactions. 


On completion of this module the students should be able to: 

1.0 Understand Control Accounts. 

2.0 Know the different methods for the collection of data for Final Accounts from incomplete records. 

3.0 Understand manufacturing accounts and Trading Accounts. 

4.0 Understand the accounts of non-trading organization. 

5.0 Understand Partnership Accounts. 

6.0 Understand the preparation of simple Company’s Final Accounts. 

163

PROGRAMME: NATIONAL DIPLOMA 

Code: ACC 121 

Credit Hours: 4.0 hours 

IN LEISURE AND TOURISM 

MANAGEMENT 

Course: PRINCIPLES OF ACCOUNTS II Pre-requisite: 


Semester SECOND SEMESTER 




Week 

General Objective 1: Understand Control Accounts. 

Specific Learning Outcomes Teacher’s Activities Resources Specific Learning Outcomes Teacher’s 

Activities 

Resources 

1 

2 

1.1 Define Control Accounts. 

1.2 Explain the need and uses of 

control accounts in a 

business enterprise. 

(i) Explain Debtors 

and Creditors 

control/accounts. 

(ii) Prepare Control 

Accounts and state 

their uses. 

Overhead 

projector 


1. Demonstrate the 

need for control 

account in 

business 

enterprises. 

2. Prepare final 

accounts of 

enterprise from 

incomplete 

records. 

General Objective 2: Know the different methods for the collection of data for Final Accounts from incomplete records. 

3 2.1 Explain the term incomplete records as 

distinct from complete records. 

(i) Describe 

incomplete records. 

Overhead 

projector 

1. Demonstrate the 

need for control 

State the uses of 

control account. 

Students to carry out 


account from 

incomplete records 

manual or 

electronically using 

a case study 

exercise. 

State the uses of 

control account. 

Accounting 

packages. 

Spreadsheets. 

Accounting 

packages. 

164

2.2 State and explain the different methods of 

collecting date for the preparation of final 

accounts from incomplete records. 

(ii) Differentiate single 

Entry bookkeeping 

from incomplete 

Worked examples account in 

business 

enterprises. 

Students to carry out 


Spreadsheets. 

4 

2.3 Prepare the final account of an enterprises 

from incomplete records. 

records. 

(iii) Explain causes of 

incomplete 

records. 

(iv) Prepare final 

accounts from 

2. Prepare final 

accounts of 

enterprise from 

incomplete 

records 

account from 

incomplete records 

manually or 

electronically using 

a case study 

exercise. 

incomplete records. 

General Objective 3: Understand manufacturing accounts and Trading Accounts. 

5 

3.1 Distinguish between 

(i) Explain 

Overhead 

1. Determine prime 

Display graphically 

Spreadsheets 

manufacturing account and 

manufacturing 

projector 

cost overhead. 


trading account. 

account and 


accounts of a 

Accounting 

3.2 Explain the details that will appear 

its components. 

2. Produce a format 

manufac- 

packages. 

In such account. 

(ii) Illustrate with 

for a manufacturing 

turing enterprise 

examples the 

account. 

manually or 

Flipchart. 

6 

3.3 Prepare a manufacturing account 


electronically. 

format. 

accounts of a 

Case study exercise. 

P3.4 Prepare simple account of 

manufacturing 

manufacturers, valuation of 

enterprise. 

stock and work in progress 

of such organizations. 

General Objective 4: Understand the accounts of non-trading organizations. 

7 

4.1 Explain a receipts and payments account. 

4.2 Prepare a simple receipts and payments 

account. 

(i) Explain Receipt 

and Payment 

Accounts. 

(ii) Prepare the final 

Overhead 

projector 


1. Prepare the 

accounts of 

mosques, 

churches and 


prepare, using a 

computer 

spreadsheet, the 

Accounting 

packages. 

Spreadsheets. 

8 

4.3 Differentiate Income and expenditure 

account from a receipts and payments 

accounts of a nontrading 

clubs. 

accounts of nonprofit 

making 

Flipcharts. 

165

accounts. 

organization. 

organizations using 

(iii) Compare the final 

a case study 

4.4 Prepare an income and expenditure 

accounts of non 

exercise. 

9 

account from a receipts and payment 

trading 

accounts. 

organization with 

4.5 Distinguish between the records of a sole 

that of a sole 

proprietor and that of non-trading 

proprietor. 

organization. 

4.6 Prepare the accounts of non-trading 

organization. 

General Objective 5: Understand Partnership Accounts. 

10 

5.1 Explain the relationship that can 

appropriately be described as a 

partnership. 

5.2 Explain the nature of partnership 

agreement. 

5.3 Interpret the law relating to the partnership 

business. 

(i) Explain the law 

relating to 

partnership, its 

formation and 

accounting 

procedures. 


preparation of 

Overhead 

projector 


1. Prepare 

partnership final 

accounts 

reflecting 

partners salaries 

interest on capital 

drawings and 

share of profit. 

Direct and 

observe the 

students 

preparing final 

accounts of a 

partnership 

using a case 

study example. 

Spreadsheets 

Accounting 

packages. 

11 

5.4 Determine each partner’s share in the 

partner’s 

relationship through the preparation of 

profit and loss 

partnership profit and loss appropriation 

appropriation 

accounts at the end of each financial year. 

account, current 

5.5 Compute and make correct ledger entries 

accounts, capital 

relating to the interest due to the partners 

accounts and 

on their drawings. 

balance sheet. 

5.6 Explain why interest should be allowed 

either on the partner’s capital or drawing 

balances. 

5.7 Explain the differences in 

166

12 approach between 

accounting for a partnership 

where the partners capitals 

are fixed and where they are 

not. 

General Objective 6: Understand the preparation of simple company’s final accounts. 

13 

6.1 Prepare appropriation account of a 

Limited Liability company. 

(i) Explain the 

preparation of the 

14 

6.2 Distinguish the appropriation account of a 

Limited Liability Company from that of 

partnership. 

appropriation 

account and 

Balance Sheet of a 

Limited Liability 

15 

6.3 Prepare a simple Balance Sheet of a 

Limited Liability Company. 

Company. 

(ii) Prepare the 

appropriation 

account and 

Balance Sheet of a 

Limited 

Liability Company. 

` 


Coursework 

Course test 

25% 

% 

1. Prepare the final 

accounts of 

companies. 

Practical 

25% 

Direct and observe Spreadsheets 

the students 

preparing the final Accounting 

accounts of Limited packages. 

Liability 

Companies. Flipcharts. 

Sample companies 

audited accounts. 

Other (Examination/project/portfolio) 50% 

Suggested reading 

Owen G (1998) Accounting for Hospitality, Tourism and Leisure, 2nd ed. , Harlow: Longman 

167

PROGRAMME: NDLEISURE AND TOURISM 

Code: BAM 114 Credit Hours: 3 

MANAGEMENT 

Course: PRINCIPLES OF ECONOMICS I Pre-requisite: 


Semester: ONE 


Course main Aim/Goal 

The course is designed to provide the student with an introduction to the basic principles of Economics. 


On completion of the course, the student be able to: 

1. Know the scope of economics 

2 Understand the price theory 

3. Understand the theory of production 

4. Know the factors affecting the location and regulation of industries. 

168

PROGRAMME: NDLEISURE AND TOURISM 

Code: BAM 114 Credit Hours: 3 

MANAGEMENT 

Course: PRINCIPLES OF ECONOMICS I Pre-requisite: 


Semester: ONE 




General Objective 1: Know the scope of Economics 

Week 

Teacher’s Activities Resources Specific Learning 

Teacher’s Activities 

Resources 


Outcomes 

1 

1.1 Define economics and the scope 

 

Explain the concept and 

Textbooks 

(i) Analyse basic 

(a) Guide students to analyse 

Internet and 

1.2 State the limitation of the definition 

scope of Economics. 

economics problems. 

basic economic problems and 

Relevant Websites 

1.3 Compare the views of the classical 

 

Explain the classical and 

the issue of scarcity of 

economist with the modern economists. 

modern economic 

resources etc. 

theories. 

Use simple case study to 

Simple case study 

1.4 Relate economics to the physical sciences 

 

Relate economics to the 

examine basic economic issues 

1.5 Relate economics to other social sciences 

physical and other social 

2 

sciences. 

General Objective 2: Understand the price theory 

3 2.1 Explain the concept of demand 

 

Explain the concepts of 

Textbooks 

(i) Solve problems 

(a) Guide students to solve 

Graph paper, 

2.2 Explain the concept of supply 

demand, supply 

Graph papers 

involving demand, supply, 

Mathematic sets. 

2.3 Explain the concept of price equilibrium 

and Price. 

Mathematical 

price equilibrium, utility and 

problems involving 2.8 and 

 

Explain how to solve 

sets 

price elasticity. 

Internet and 

169

2.4 Explain the concept of utility 

problems involving price 

2.9. 


4 

2.5 Explain the uses of utility 

and income elasticity 

(ii) Solve problems 

2.6 Explain price elasticity 

2.7 Explain how to solve problems involving 

 

Conduct test. 

involving income elasticity. 

2.6 

(iii) Illustrate demand, 

supply, utility, elasticity and 

(b) Illustrate demand, supply, 

5 

2.8 Explain income elasticity 

2.9 Explain how to solve problems involving 

equilibrium with graphs. 

utility, elasticity and 

2.8 

equilibrium with graphs. 

General Objective 3: Understand the theory of production 

6 

3.1 Define production 

3.2 Identify the factors of production 

 

Explain production, its 

factors and their uses. 

Textbooks 

Graph papers 

(i) Solve problems (using 

graphs) involving perfect 

(a) Guide students to solve 

problems involving different 

Graph paper, maths 

sets etc. 

(a) 

(b) 

(c) 

Land 

Capital 

Labour 

 

 

Explain types of markets 

Describe different types 

of costs. 

competition, monophony, 

oligopoly, duopoly, 

monopoly and perfect 

market conditions,. 

(b) Guide students to solve 

Graph paper, 

Maths sets etc. 

(d) 

Entrepreneur 

 

Explain the law of 

diminishing return and 

competition. 

problems involving different 

cost behaviour. 

Internet and 

7 

3.3 Explain the uses of each in 3.2 

the law of variable 

(ii) Solve problems (using 


3.4 Explain types of markets – perfect 

proportions. 

graph) involving total cost, 

(c) Solve problems (using 

competition, monopoly, oligopoly, 

duopoly, monophony and imperfect 

 

Explain profit 

maximization and the 

average cost, marginal 

cost/revenue. 

graph_ involving the laws of 

diminishing returns, variable 

competition. 

concept of equilibrium 

proportion, increasing and 

 

Give assignment. 

(iii) ) Solve problems 

decreasing returns. Price and 

8 

3.5 List production functions: Long and short 

(using graph_ involving 

output decisions under perfect 

run cost 

the laws of diminishing 

competition and monopoly. 

(a) 

Total cost 

returns, variable 

(b) 

Average cost 

proportion, increasing and 

(d) Solve problems involving 

(c) 

marginal cost/ revenue 

decreasing returns. Price 

profit maximization, 

170

and output decisions under 

equilibrium analysis etc. 

9 

3.6 Explain the law of diminishing returns 

perfect competition and 

monopoly. 

3.7 Explain the law of variable proportion, 

10 

increasing and decreasing returns, price and 

(iv) Solve problems 

output determination under conditions of 

involving profit 

perfect and imperfect competition and 

maximization, equilibrium 

monopoly. 

analysis etc. 

3.8 Explain profit maximization theory and 

equilibrium analysis; normal and 

11 

supernormal profits. 

General Objective 4: Know the factors affecting the location and regulation of industries 

12 

4.1 Explain what industry is 

4.2 Recognize the factors that influence the 

 

Explain industry and 

factors that influence its 

Textbooks 

(i) Visit local industries 

and determine factors that 

(a) Take students to local 

industries and govt. agencies 

Internet and Relevant 

Websites 

location of industry. 

location. 

determine their locations. 

to determine factors 

 

Explain mergers 

(ii) Visit relevant govt. 

determining their locations 

13 

4.3 Explain mergers and acquisitions 

and 

agencies and find out the 

and regulations. 

4.4 Explain restrictive industry practices. 

acquisitions. 

regulations guiding the 

 

Explain government 

operations of industry in 

(b) Guide students to 

4.5 Explain government/industry relationships. 

policies on location of 

your locality. 

analyse cases relating to 

14 

industry. 

(iii) Analyse cases relating 

mergers and acquisitions 

 

Explain government/ 

to mergers and acquisitions 

consider the trend in the 

4.6 Explain government policies on location of 

industry 

consider the trend in the 

banking sector. 

industry. 

relationships 

banking sector. 

15 

 

Conduct test. 

 

171


Exams 

Continuous Assessment 

Practical 

Other (Examination/project/portfolio) % 

70% 

30% 

25% 

172

PROGRAMME: ND Office Technology 

and Management 

Code: GNS 201-202 


Course: Technical English II Pre-requisite 


Semester: 3 

Technical English I Practical: 2 hours/week - 50% 

Course main Aim/Goal: This course is designed to consolidate the student’s competence in use of English Technical in business. At the end of this course the student should understand the key 

rules and techniques of English in a business environment. 


1.0 Review the rules of grammar. 

2.0 Know how to write good essay, reports, and articles. 

3.0 Comprehend the difference between denotative and connotative use of words. 

4.0 Understand the techniques of comprehension and summary writing. 

5.0 Understand registers. 

6.0 Understand the principles of correspondence. 

173



Week 

General Objective 1.0: Develop appropriate study skills using English Language. 


Activities 


Resources 

1-2 1.1 Revise the concepts of phrase and clause. Define the terms phrase in and “Clause” 

and explain their various types. 

1.2 Revisit the definition of the sentence. Define the sentence and remind the 

various types. 

General Objective 2.0: Know how to write good essays, reports, and articles. 

3-5 2.1 List the different types of 

List and explain the different types, and 

essay and identify the 

features of each type of essay. 

features of each type. 

3-5- 2.2 Understand a report; its 

Define a report and list types. 

types, uses and 

Enumerate uses and characteristics of a 

characteristics. 

good report. 

Passages from 

relevant source 

books 

As in 1.1 

Model essays, 

literature, etc 

Handouts 

Model of good 

reports. 

Identify structural and functional 

phrases and clauses. 

Guide students in the 

identification. 

Phrases and clauses 

from relevant source 

books. 

Identify structural and functional Guide the students in Sentences from source 

sentences. 

the process. 

books. 

a. Generate relevant 

Assign topics and Handouts 

information on a 

evaluate students work. 

given topic. 

b. Draw up a good 

outline. 

c. Write a good essay 

on a given topic. 

Write a report. Evaluate the report. Handouts 

2.3 Appreciate the techniques for writing articles. Explain techniques for writing articles. Model essays and 

Write good articles for publication. 

Evaluate and analyze 

Newspapers 

articles. 

published essays.. 

Journals 

Magazines 

Handouts 

General Objective 3.0 Comprehend the difference between denotative and connotative use of words. 

174

3.1 Understand the term denotation.. Explain the term denotation. Groups of synonyms 

a. Identify words used 

Compare denotative 

Groups of synonyms 

from source books. 

denotatively. 

and connotative usage 

from source books. 

6-7 

b. Use words 

in group of synonyms 

denotatively. 

eg woman, lady, 

female, client, 

customer, patient, fear, 

terror, dread, etc. 

3.2 Understand the term connotative. Explain the term connotation. As in 3.1 above. a. Identify words used 

Guide students and 

Handouts 

connotatively. 

evaluate their work. 

b. Use words 

connotatively. 

General Objective 4.0: Understand the techniques of comprehension and summary writing. 

4.1 Give contextual explanations to statement from a 

Explain the techniques answering 

Comprehension 

Answer questions on 

Guide and grade 

8-9 

text. 

questions on comprehension at a higher 

passages. 

comprehension passages at a higher 

students work. 

level of difficulty. 

level of difficulty. 

4.2. Understand summary writing 

Explain and illustrate summary writing, 

Passages from source 

Write, within a specified length, a 

Guide and evaluate 

types and steps in writing 

types, and steps in writing them. 

books. 

good summary of a given passage. 

students’ work. 

them. 

4.3 Identify colloquialism, slangs 

Explain and illustrate colloquialisms, 

Passages from 

State appropriate use of jargons. Guide students. 

and jargons. 

slangs and jargons. 

relevant sources. 

General Objective 5.0: Understand registers. 

5.1 Understand registers. Explain registers and factors influencing 

Passages from source 

a. Identify items of 


Textbooks, workbooks. 

them viz field, mode, tenor. 

books. 

register in a given 


10 

passage. 

b. List items of register 

in a given passage. 

General Objective 6.0: Understand the principles of correspondence. 

175

11-15 

6.1 Recognise the different types of business letters. Describe and illustrate the different 

types of business letters eg applications 

enquiry, invitation, complaints, and their 

replies. 

Model business 

letters. 

6.2 Apply suitable language for business letters. Explain suitable language for specific 

types of business letter. 

Handouts Write business letters. Guide and grade 


Handouts 

Example of generic 

business letters 


Coursework 

Course test 

Practical 


% 

% 

% 

% 

30 

30 

40 

176

PROGRAMME: NATIONAL DIPLOMA IN QUANTITY SURVEYING 

Course: CITIZENSHIP EDUCATION Course Code: GNS 111 Contact Hours 

2HRS/WEEK 

Course Specification: Theoretical Content 

General Objective 1.0: Understand the Constitution of Nigeria 

Week Specific Learning Outcome: Teachers Activities Resources 

1-4 1.1 Explain the term constitution 

1.2 Distinguish the different types of constitution 

1.3 Highlight some provisions of an International Constitution 

1.4 Explain the effectiveness of International Constitution 

1.5 Explain the supremacy of the Nigerian Constitution to other laws with 

emphasis on the 1989 constitution 

1.6 Evaluate the main parts of the Nigeria Constitution 

1.7 Draft a constitution for an association 

1.8 Trace the historical development of the Nigerian Constitution 

1.9 Discuss the merits and demerits of each of the Nigerian constitutions 

1.10 Explain the concept of “rule of law” 

Ask the students: 

• what their understand by the term constitution 

and to distinguish the different rules of 

constitution known 

• to explain the effectiveness of International 

Constitution 

• to explain Nigerian Constitution to other laws. 

• To identify the main parts of the Nigerian 

Constitution. 

Chalkboard, 

duster 

General Objective: 2.0 Understand the federal system of government in Nigeria 

Assess to the students by given the assignment to draft a 

constitution for an association 


5-7 2.1 Describe a federation 

2.2 Distinguish a federation from a confederation 

2.3 Outline the basis for the federal system in Nigeria 

2.4 Examine the evolution, structure and functions of the federal system in 

Nigeria. 

2.5 Analyse the relationships among the three tiers of government in Nigeria 

2.6 Evaluate the revenue allocation formula in operation in Nigeria 

2.7 Compare and contrast other federation with Nigeria11 


• to describe a federation and to differentiate 

between a federation and a confederation 

• to define the functions of the federal system in 

Nigeria and the relationship among the three tiers 

of government 

• to evaluate the revenue allocation formula 

operation in Nigeria 

• Chalk, 

blackboard, duster 

177

General Objective: 3.0 Know the constitutional rights and obligations of Nigerian citizens 


8-9 3.1 Examine the significance of rights and obligations in Nigeria 

3.2 Assess government’s protection of fundamental rights as contained in the 

Nigerian constitution 

3.3 Evaluate the responsibilities and duties of Nigerian citizenships and the 

benefits for performing them 

3.4 Assess the responsibilities and duties of constituted authority to the people 

3.5 Evaluate the responsibilities and duties of government to the People 

General Objective: 3.0 Understand Citizenships 

• Ask the students to identify the responsibilities and duties 

of Nigerian citizenship 

• Chalk, 



10- 

12 

4.1 Discuss the significance of citizenship 

4.2 Analyse the principles and benefits of citizenship 

4.3 Explain the difference in the modes of acquiring citizenship 

4.4 Evaluate the merits and demerits of each type of citizenship 

4.5 Analyse the basis for the acquisition and withdrawal of Nigerian citizenship 

4.5 Examine the benefits derivable from Nigeria citizenship 


• to discuss and analyse the principles and benefits 

of citizenship 

• to analyse the basis for the acquisition and 

• Chalk, 


withdrawal of Nigerian citizenship 

General Objective: 5.0 Fundamental objectives and directive principles of state policy in Nigeria 


5.1 State the fundamental obligations of government as provided in the 

constitution 

5.2 Explain the general provisions of the fundamental objectives and directive 

principles of state policy 

5.3 Explain the political, economic, social and education policies of Nigeria 

5.4 Explain the directive principles and policy of the Nigerian government on 

culture, the mass media, national ethics and duties of the citizen 

5.5 Assess the conformity observance and application of the fundamental 

objectives and directive principles of state policy by governments and people 

of Nigeria. 

5.6 Recommend improvements on the provision conformity, observance and 

application of the fundamental objectives and directive principles of state 

policy 

• Ask the students to explain the directive principles and 

policy of the Nigerian 

• Government on cultures, the mass media, national ethnics 

and duties of the citizen 

• Chalk, 


178

PROGRAMME: ND Office Technology 

and Management 

Code: GNS = OTM 101-102 


Course: Technical English I Pre-requisite O/L Credit in English 


Semester: 1 


Course main Aim/Goal: This course is designed to enable the student acquire the necessary language and communication skills which will enable him/her to use the English Language in a 

business environment and to know the techniques of correspondence. 


1.0 Develop appropriate study skills in English Language. 

2.0 Know the nature of language and the basic rules of grammar. 

3.0 Appreciate literary works in English. 

4.0 Understand the concept of communication. 

5.0 Know how to make oral and written presentations. 

6.0 Know the rules of comprehension and interpretation. 

179

PROGRAMME: Office Technology and 

Management 

Code: GNS 101-102 


Course: Technical English I Pre-requisite O/L Credit in English 


Semester: 1 




Week 

General Objective 1.0: Develop appropriate study skills using English Language. 


Activities 


Resources 

1-2 1.1 Understand the principles of good note taking 

and making techniques in English. 

Explain the necessity for acquiring good 

note-making/making techniques in 

English. 

-Flip charts 

-Felt pen 

-Textbooks 

-Workbooks 

Demonstrate good note-taking skill 

in English. 

Provide assignments on 

note taking. 

-Flip charts 

-Felt pen 

-Textbooks 

-Workbooks 

-Close-circuit TV 

1.2 Understand method of note taking/making 

English. 

Show methods of note-taking/making in 

English. 

Model notes 

List methods of note-taking/making 

in English. 

Provide sources of 

information on notetaking/making. 

-Library 

-Internet 

1.3 Identify sources of library information. Expose students to sources of library 

information in English. 

Library 

Dictionary, reference 

Classify sources of library 

information. 

Refer students to 

sources of library 

Sections of Library 

-Internet 

books, etc 

information. 

1.4 Identify information in the sources listed in 

Discuss with students how to locate the As in 1.3 

Locate information in the coerces Guide students in As in 1.3 

1.3. 

sources listed in1.3. 

listed in 1.3. 

locating the sources 

listed in 1.3. 

1.5 Identify good reading habits in English. Discuss the principles of good reading Class handouts -Apply good reading habits Set tasks and supervise -Newspapers 

180

habits. activities -Textbooks 

-Magazine 

- Selected Novels 

General Objective 2.0: Know the nature of language and the basic rules of grammar. 

3-6 2.1 List the characteristics of 

language. 

Explain the concept of language 

Textbooks 

Textbooks 

2.2 Appreciate the four 

language skills – speaking 

listening, writing, & 

reading. 

Discuss the four language skills. Handouts Role playing in the four language 

skills. 

Supervise the students’ 

activities. 

Audio tapes 

Radio 

Video recorder 

Cd-rom 

2.3 Understand the functions of language. Explain the functions of language. As in 2.2 above. Discuss the functions in groups. As in 2.2 above. As in 2.2 above. 

2.4 List the uses of English Language in Nigeria. Explain the uses of English Language in 

Resource persons 

Role playing as researchers, 

Evaluate 

students’ 

Nigeria eg as the language of Research, 

government, business, etc. 

from government, 

business, research, 

government officials, business, etc. 

activities. 

etc 

2.5 Understand grammar and parts of speech. Explain grammar and parts of speech. Handouts 

2.6 Understand the use of part of speech in 

Analyse the use of parts of speech in 

Demonstration 

Work on the assigned exercises. Provide exercise as 

Textbooks 

sentences. 

sentences. 

tapes. 

parts of speech. 

Workbooks and related 

materials. 

2.7 Identify common errors in the use of parts of 

Explain what constitute errors in the use 

Class handouts 

Correct common errors in the use of 

Provide 

passages 

Passages, 

speech. 

of parts of speech. 

parts of speech. 

containing 

common 

Extracts 

Examples 

errors in parts of 

speech. 

Speech’s 

2.8 Understand correct synthetic arrangement 

Demonstrate to students correct 

Handouts 

Construct sentences with correct 

Set activities and 

As in 2.7 above. 

and punctuation marks. 

synthetics arrangement and punctuation 

syntactic arrangement and 

provide feedback 

marks. 

Examples 

punctuation. 

2.9 Appreciate idioms, figures of speech, and 

Explain idioms, figures of speech and 


Construct sentences to illustrate 

Set activities and 


offices. 

affixes. 

idioms, figures of speech and 

provide feedback 

affixes. 

181

General Objective 3.0 Appreciate literacy works in English. 

Understand the meaning and stages of 

Define and trace the development of 

Literary materials. 

7-8 

development of literature. 

literature. 

Handouts 

Classify the literary game. Different between the literacy genres. Classical and modern 

Analyse the characteristics of 

Supervise the 


literary works. 

different literacy genres. 

students activity. 

Selected literary 

examples 

Appreciate the terminology and functions of 

Explain the terminology and functions of 

As in 5.2 above Differentiate among the following – 

Evaluate students 

Role playing of the 

literature. 

literature such prose and fiction in terms 

of eg plot, setting, characterisation, etc. 

fiction, prose, plot, setting 

characterisation etc. 

activity. 

characters. 

General Objective 4.0: Understand the concept of communication. 

Define and outline the process 

Define and analyse the process of 

Textbooks, Charts, 

9 

of communication. 

communication. 

etc. 

List the purpose of communication. Analyse the purposes of communication As in 4.1 above. 

Differentiate between communication and language. 

Explain the relationship between 


Identify barriers to effective 

Evaluate students work. 

Handouts 

communication and language. 

communication at various levels. 

10 Appreciate the impact of interference on 

Explain the impact of interference on 

Telephone receivers, 

Group discussion 

Module the students 

communication at various levels. 

communication at various levels eg 

Radio 

discussion. 

phonological, syntactic, etc. 

Television, etc. 

Role plays 

Appreciate code mixing, code 

Explain code mixing code switching and 


switching, and dissonance in 

dissonance in communication. 

communication. 

Graphic examples 

General Objective 5.0: Know to make oral and written presentations. 

182

5.1 List the organs and functions of speech. Label and describe the functions of the 


a. Label organs of 

Guide the students. 

14-15 

organs of speech. 

speech. 

b. Classify functions 

of organs of speech. 

5.2 List the phonemes of English. Explain the phonemes of English. Handouts Produce correctly each of the 

phonemes enumerated by the 

teacher. 

Guide the students. 

Handouts 

5.3 Appreciate the different sound contrast as 

Distinguish between the different sound 

Sound tracts eg 

Pronounce the different sound 


Oral and written 

demonstrated by the teacher. 

contrasts in the consonantal and vowel 

video, audio, etc 

contrasts in English Language. 

work. 

speeches. 

systems of English Language through 

correct pronunciation. 

5.4 Note the principles of effective speaking. Explain principles of effective speaking 

Handouts 

Give short speeches eg welcome 

Illustrate techniques 

viz, correct use of stress, rhythm, and 

address, stories, vote of thanks, etc. 

of effective speaking. 

intonation pattern. 

5.5 List the various types of correspondence. Explain and illustrate the various types 

Models of formal 

Write formal and informal letters, 

Evaluate students’ 

of correspondence, eg letter, memo, 

and informal letters, 

memos and notices. 

work. 

notices, etc. 

memo, notices, etc. 

General Objective 6.0: Know the rules of comprehension and interpretation. 

6.1 Recognise the idea in a given passage as 

Explain the concept of main idea and 

Selected passages 

a. Identify main idea in 

Group work. Guide 

distinct from details. 

differentiate it from details. 

from relevant texts. 

a given passage. 

students in their 

Selected passages 

b. Distinguish between 

main idea and 

work. 

handouts 

details. 

183

6.2 Note the use of main idea in anticipating 

Explain the use of main idea in 


Predict specific details from main 


details. 

anticipating specific details. 

idea. 

work. 

6.3 Appreciate the use of context dues in 

Explain how to use contest dues such as 

As in 6.2 above 

Draw conclusions from available 


comprehension. 

definitions, restatements, and examples 

to aid comprehension. 

information. 

students work. 


Coursework 

Course test 

Practical 


% 

% 

% 

% 

30 

30 

60 

184

PROGRAMME: ND Office Technology and Management Code: OTM 221 Credit Unit: 8 hours 

Course: WebPage Design Pre-requisite: 


Semester: 4 

ICT I & ICT II Practical: 3 hours/week - 73 % 

Aim/Goal : This module is designed to enable students to understand the importance of designing webpages for modern offices 


1. Understand the principles of Web Page Design 

2. Introduce students to the use of a WebPage software application 

185



Week 

General Objective 1: Understand the principles of Web Page Design 


Teacher’s Activities Resources Specific Learning Outcomes Teacher’s Activities Resources 

Outcomes 

1-6 State the importance of 

websites for businesses. 

Explain the different types of websites and 

information delivery using the Internet. 

Briefly explain the concepts of e-commerce 

and e-business, and the role of successful 

webpage production to achieve online 

business success and delivering information 

online. 

Hands-out 

Examples 

Explain differences, advantages and disadvantages between 

software available for the task (eg HTML editor/text editor & 

browser software). 

2 printers 

available per computer 

lab. 

Group students and produce a game where 

they select the right software for specific 

tasks. 

* MS Front Page 

application available in 

each computer 

Student group presentations explaining the 

reason why preferring a software for a 

specific task. 

186

Advantages of using software to 

create, link and format simple web 

pages. 

 

 

Identify and use of appropriate 

software correctly 

Find MS Front Page in the 

windows environment (when 

using Windows 98, 2000 or 

XP) 

General Objective 2: Introduce students to the use of a WebPage software applications 

7-15 

Identify methods for developing 

simple web pages. 

Explain the basic mechanism 

of web page formatting 

(HTML tags). 

Explain how to import/insert 

and image into a web page 

using the chosen software, 

and following copyrights. 

2 printers 

available per computer lab. 

* MS Word and DeskTop 

Publishing for Windows 

hand-out support material 

* Microsoft word and 

 

Import and paste text and 

Explain how to emphasise 

texts (bold, italic), and to set 

Desktop Publishing 

applications available in each 

187

image files 

Align page items 

Use of 3 different font sizes 

Change background colour 

Emphasise text 

Edit text 

Control text flow 

Alignment of page items to the 

left, right and centre 

the font size for specific text, 

following international and 

accessibility standards). 

Demonstrate how to set 

background colour and 

differences between 

background colour and 

background image (following 

international and accessibility 

standards). 

computer 

Explain the correct use and 

format of basic hypertext 

links. Show the correct use 

of external hyperlinks using 

http: and mailto: 


testing that hyperlink 

function correctly. 

Show the effects pf editing 

HTML format code on the 

browser display. 

Explain the need to refresh 

or reload web pages after 

editing. 

Explain and demonstrate the 

main management techniques 

of file menu, open, save, save 

as, close). 

Explain the basic structure of 

basic structure of an HTML 

188

page. 

Show how to print from the 

chosen browser software 

using default print settings. 


Meta tags to define content. 

Show how to select and 

publish a pre-designed web 

page. 

Group students and set tasks to produce a 

simple webpage for a fictitious business 

following standards, principles and 

guidelines. 

Use of E-mail hyperlinks 

Group students ask them to test their 

website development. 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Link pages 

Insert external links 

Insert Email link 

Test links 

Insert link text 

Retain original data formatting 

Promote student discussions to reflect 

upon Dos and Dont’s when designing 

webpages for businesses. 

Produce in group a list of key guidelines 

for designing successful web pages. 

Hand-outs 

Guidelines 

Understand the document 

189

management techniques for the 

chosen software 

 

Create a new document 

State the importance of 

Explain the importance of applying 

Hand-outs 

 

Save document 

testing websites to follow 

different tests to assure international 

 

Print web pages 

international standards for 

standards in web design, usability and 

’Bobby’ URL 

 

Print html source code 

webpage design 

accessibility standards. 

 

Close document 

URLs explaining 

 

Publish web pages on local and 

latest guidelines 

public search engines 

and international 

web design 

standards, 

etc.(i.e.: 

http://www.w3. 

org/WAI/) 

Show ‘Bobby’ testing website for 

190

successful website design. 

Emphasise the importance of getting 

copyright permission when appropriate. 


Coursework 

Course test 

Practical 

Other (Examination/project/portfolio) % 

% 

25 

% 

% 

25 

Project 50% 

191

PROGRAMME: ND Office Technology and Management Code: OTM 222 Credit Hours: 2 hours 

Course: Communication Skills 


Pre-requisite: 



Course main Aim/Goal: The module is designed to assist the student to interact positively with employers, colleagues, customers etc in the work environment. 


1.0 Know how to interact with people in the work environment. 

2.0 Know how to maintain a good image. 

3.0 Know how to maintain a good disposition/and maintain stability. 

4.0 Know how to develop listening skills. 

5.0 Know the rules & regulations guiding the profession (office ethics). 

6.0 Know office politics and when to apply them. 

192



General Objective 1.0: Know how to interact with people in the work environment 

Week 


Teacher’s Activities Resources Specific Learning Outcomes Teacher’s Activities Resources 

1.1 Explain relationships in work 

- Explain relationships in 

Chalkboard 

Organize role 

Student guided role 

Films 

1-3 

environment. 

work environment. 

plays in the 

play activities 

Video 

Posters 

work 

Cassette, etc 

1.2 List various ways colleagues can be 

- Explain how workers 

environment 

Case-studies 

addressed in the office. 

can be addressed 

Graphics 

(established patterns). 

1.3 Deal with difficult persons. 

White-boards 

- Explain how to deal 

1.4 Evaluate interactions with colleagues, etc. 

with difficult persons. 

- Emphases the need to 

be pleasant and 

business like. 

- Emphasise the need to 

evaluate interaction 

with people. 

General Objective 2.0: Know how to maintain a good image. 

2.1 Maintain a good image. 


Ditto 

Read, copy, write and transcribe 

Ditto 

Ditto 

4-5 

of the secretary’s image 

dictated passages. 

2.2Display a positive attitude in the office 

in an organisation. 

2.3 Dress appropriately. 

2.4 Be competent in the profession. 

- Explain the general 

attitudes to be displayed 

by the secretary. 


193

of physical appearance. 


of competency and 

intelligence in the 

profession. 

General Objective 3.0: Know how to maintain a good disposition. 

3.1 Maintain a pleasant working relationship 

- Explain why it is 

Ditto 

Demonstrate transcription and 

Demonstrate and assess 

Ditto 

6-7 

with people. 

necessary to maintain a 

proofreading techniques. 

student activities (role- 

pleasant working 

plays and case-studies). 

3.2 Display maturity when working under 

atmosphere. 

Shorthand laboratory 

stress, or within short notices. 

and typewriter and 

- Explain how to handle 

PCs 

3.3 Maintain a well integrated personality. 

tasks within short times. 

- Explain how to avoid 

unpleasant situations. 

General Objective 4.0: Know how to develop listening skills. 

4.1 Listen attentively. 


Chalkboard 

4.1 Students listen to 

- Organise 

Audio tapes 

8-9 

listen attentively. 

radio and also 

films. 

Cassette tape 

4.2 Take notes when a speaker is speaking. 

Posters 

watch clips on 

Recorder/Player 


attentive listening. 

- Play 

Video tapes 

4.3 Ask questions for clarification. 

take notes when the 

White-boards 

cassettes. 

Television 

speaker in speaking. 

VCR 

Reading materials 

- Guide student 

Reporters note 


activities 

Book 

ask questions to clarify 

handouts 

Pens 

instructions. 

General Objective 5.0: Know the rules and regulations guiding the profession. 

5.1 Exhibit basic 

- Explain basic 

Films 

10-13 

courtesy as an 

courtesy as 

integral part of 

an integral 

Video CD 

194

work habits. 

part of work 

habit. 

Clips 

5.2 How to deal with both genders 

in the workplace (male and female) 

- Describe the 


proper level 

5.3 How to maintain a 

and degree of 

proper degree of 

formality and 

formality and 

respect with 

respect with staff 

staff/visitors/colleagues 

and visitors. 

and supervisors 

5.4. Professional relationships: how 

- Role plays and case 

to recognise and deal with different 

type of harassments 

studies 

General Objective 6.0: Know the office politics and when to apply them. 

6.1 Explain office politics. 

- Explain office politics.. 

14-15 

White board 

Show students organizational chart 

Student activities 

Organisational charts 

6.2 Explain the political structure of an office. 

- Give example of political structures. 

and explain the politics within it. 

recognizing 

Handouts 

organizational chart 

Handouts 

6.3 Explain the importance of political structures in a 

- Explain why it is 

working environment 

important to know the 

Group discussions 

organisational structure 

6.4 List beneficial office politics in the office. 

when dealing with 

people. 

- Point out office politics 

that can be useful to an office 

professional 


Coursework 

Course test 

Practical 

Other (Examination/project/portfolio 

30% 

% 

% 

70% 

195

LIST OF EQUIPMENT FOR TOURISM PROGRAMME 

TOURISM STUDIO AND RESERVATION AREA 

1. A Reservation Area With The Following: 

a) Computer P/c for reservation 

b) Rack system for keys 

c) Working/reception counter 

d) Chairs 

2. Large model maps of Nigeria showing: 

i) States and their capitals and local government headquarters 

ii) All major roads 

iii) All major rivers 

iv) Rail network 

v) All Airports and Aerodromes 

3. Large model maps of Nigeria showing:- 

i) All major cash and feed crops and where they are produced 

ii) All national parks and games reserves 

iii) All river basins and project areas 

iv) All museum locations 

v) All major and minor tribes (Area of Concentration of major and minor ethnic groups) 

vi) All major tourist attractions 

vii) All major mountains, hills, lakes, vegetation etc. 

viii) All major natural resources in Nigeria, locating where they are produced 

ix) All common shrines 

x) All cultural festivals locations 

196

4. Mannequin (Dommy) showing the Attire of male/female 

a) Hausa 

b) Yoruba 

c) Igbo 

d) Fulani 

e) The locality of the institution 

5. Hunting and musical implements of the locality 

6. Large relief model of Nigeria 

7. Large model of Africa showing all the game reserves and parks 

8. A mini ticketing office with machines, computer Pc and books recommended by EFTAN 

TOURISM VILLAGE 

The tourist village should typify an African village set up with traditional architectural model of the locality of the polytechnic. It should also contain models of traditional 

buildings of the different diverse tribes of the country, well equipped with recreational facilities a market square. 

The village should have the following displayed in it: 

1. Models of Nigerians in their diversity 

2. Jewelries, bangles, earrings, nose rings etc 

3. Nigerian potteries, Art works, ceramics and glass wares and traditional occupations of the locality. 

4. Native musical instruments. 

5. Tribal/Facial markings of different ethnic groups 

6. Cultural festivals in Nigeria being displayed on posters and paintings 

7. Models of stuffed specials of selected African wildlife e.g. Elephants, Lions, Zebra etc especially of the neighborhood. 

8. Trophies from Nigeria/African wildlife 

9. Display of international airline, shipping posters and tickets 

10. Large model of Africa showing all the game Reserves and Parks. 

197

Audio-Visual Room 

The audio visual room should contain the following: 

a) Video Recorder 2 

b) Slide projector 2 

c) Overhead projector 2 

d) Film projector 2 

e) Public address system 1 

f) Television set 2 

g) Video set 2 

h) VCD 2 

i) Cameras still 2 

j) Camera video 2 

k) Enlarger 2 

l) Photo dryer 2 

m) Photo cutter 5 

n) Tables for drawing 5 

o) Computer space with capacity for 10 

Students should housed in the village. 

p) None book items such as softwares video and VCD cassettes. 

198

KITCHEN EQUIPMENT 

Large Equipment for the Kitchen 

S/NO ITEM QUANTITY 

1. 

2. 

3. 

4. 

5. 

6. 

7. 

8. 

9. 

10. 

11. 

12. 

13. 

Microwave oven 

Convention oven 

Stainless steel work table 

Open top ranges 

Solid top gas oven 

Oven double Decker 

Mixer (Hobart) 

Brat pan 

Boiling pans 

Ban Marie Hot Cupboard 

Hot cupboard 

Mixing machine 

Cold room 

2 

2 

10 

2 

2 

2 

2 

2 

2 

2 

2 

2 

2 


14. 

15. 

16. 

17. 

18. 

19. 

20. 

Electric oven 

Pressure cooker steamer 

Deep freezer 

Salamander grill 

Weighing scales 

Large,medium &small 

(Platform) 

Sinks depends on the size of 

2 

2 

2 

2 

2 each 

2 

199

the kitchen 

Service Unit 

S/N ITEM QUANTITY 

1. 

2. 

3. 

4. 

5. 

6. 

7. 

8. 

9. 

10. 

11. 

12. 

13. 

14. 

Dinner plates 

Joint fort 

Joint knife 

Dessert spoons 

Tea spoons 

Service tongs 

Service spoons 

Service trays 

Sweet bowls 

Ice cream bowls 

Plastic water jug 

Glass water jug 

Assorted wine 

glasses 

Wine trolley 

60 

60 

60 

60 

60 

30 

30 

30 

20 

30 

30 

30 

60 

5 

200

S/N ITEM QUANTITY 

15. 

16. 

17. 

18. 

19. 

20. 

21. 

22. 

23. 

24. 

Bread basket 

Ash tray 

Coffer cups/saucers 

Tea cups/saucers 

Tea set 

Wash hand bowls 

Soup plate 

Side plates 

Cereal plates 

Silver servers 

10 

10 

20 

60 

60 

10 

10 

60 

60 

60 

BED ROOM 


1. 

2. 

3. 

. 

4. 

5. 

6. 

7. 

8. 

1 Beds doubles, 2 Beds singles 

Mattresses 

Bed liner (sheets, pillow cases, under 

sheet, blanket 

Writing table and chair 

Dressing table and mirror 

Easy chair and central table 

T and set 

Air conditioner 

4 

4 

20 

4 

4 

4 

4 

4 

8 

201

9. 

10. 

Side lamps 

Window blinds 

10 

LOUNGE 


1. 

2. 

3. 

4. 

5. 

6. 

7. 

8. 

9. 

Easy chairs (settee and 4 chairs) 

Center table 

Stool 

Book rack 

T and set 

Radio set 

Window blinds 

Floor rug 

Ash trays 

4 

12 

12 

2 

2 

2 

2 

No depends on the size of the 

room 

Size depends on the room 

16 

202


1. 

2. 

3. 

4. 

5. 

6. 

7. 

8. 

9. 

10. 

Water tank truck 

Fire pump (37 HP machine hose) 

Water tank 

Hand pump 

Five fighting kit 

Safety shoes 

Helmet 

Bino colors 

Siren 

Hand fire extinguishers 

1 

2 

2 

2 

2 

30 

30 

30 

2 

10 

203

RECOMMENDED TEXT BOOK FOR TOURISM COURSES 

1. Bulcaar and Medlue (1991) Tourism, Past, Present and Future London: Heinemann 

2. Tourism: a Modern Synthesis by; Stephen J. Page, Paul Brunt and Jo Cornel 

3. Understanding – Tourism by Poof Medlik (Heinemann Past) 

4. Tourism – An Introduction by Ray Towel (1998) 

5. an Introduction to travel and Tourism by Pran Narth and Sushma Seth (1998) 

6. geography; of Transport and H Robinson and E.G. Bamford Macdonald and Evans London 

7. Economic of Transport S.K. Srivastiva S. Chand and Co. Ltd New Delhi 

8. The Elements of Transport by; Schumer Burtter Worth’s, London 

9. Transport for Tourism by Stephen page University of Sterling 1994 

10. Travel, Tourism and Hospitality Terms by Robert Harris and Joy Howard 

11. Principles of Hotel, Front Office Operation by Sue Baker, Pambradly, Jeremy Huyton 

12. Food and Beverage Service Bennis Lillicrap 

John Counsins and Robert Smith 

13. Theory of Catering, Ronald Kinton and Victor Caserani 

14. Travel and Tours (A marketing perspecive) by Chiedu Osnni 

Alcaose Global Sourcing International Ltd, Lagos 

15. A Guide to Travel Agency Management by; Lad: Ashipa Ashleab B;usiness Enterprises – Ibadan 

16. Travel and Tourism – The Road ahead in Africa by; John OL.faoseke 2001 

17. Goyang, G.A.N. The Organisation of Tourism in Nigeria 

18. The ABC of Travel and Tourism by John OL faoseke 2000 

19. World Tourism Organisation, Role and Structure of National Tourism Association, W10madrid 1977 

20. Introduction to Tourism, Jackson Ian 

21. Tourism – Public Policy, Hall and Jenkins 

22. Tourism Analysis – Smith, Stephen I.J. 

204

23. Tourism, Transportation and the Aviation Industry in Nigeria Ministry of Transport and Aviation 1980 

Edition 

24. Economics of Transport by; S.K. Srivastava S. chand and Co. Ltd. New Delhi 

25. Geography; of Transport by H. Robinson and C.G. Bomform Macdonald by; Evans London 

26. The Elements of Transport by; L.A. Schumer Burtter Worths London 

27. Transport and Tourism, Page, Stephen J. 

28. IATA International travel and Tourism Training programme 

29. Information Technology for Travel and Tourism Inkpen G. 

30. Computer systems in the Hotel and Catering Industry Braham, B. 

31. Information Technology in Hospitality, Peakcock, Martin 

32. Managing Computers in the Hospitality, O’ Conner, Peter 

33. Information Technology and Tourism: A Challenging Relationship – By Werthner H; Klein S. 

34. Wildlife Tourism by Mrgra Shackley 1996 

35. Selling Destination (Geography for the Travel Professinal) Marc Mancini (Delmar Published) 

36. Business of Nature – Based Tourism, Milcercher, Bob 

37. Eco-tourism: a Sustainable Option: Cater 

38. Eco-tourism in the less developed world weaver, D.B. 

39. Travel Agency; Practice by; Horner. P. 

40. Travel and Hospitality;; on Line by; Holleman G. 

41. World Travel Dictionary English, Richard 

42. World Travel Wall Map, by Quinn, Brian 

43. World Travel Guide on CO-Rom by Hart, Mick 

44. Airfares Ticheting by; Phillip Gdavid of and Dorris S. Darzid off 1983, 1987, 1993 

45. Geography and Air Transport by Graham B 

46. geography; of Travel and Tourism, Hudman and Jackson 

47. Hutchinsons World Weather Guide by Pearce, E.A. 

205

48. discovering Destinations – A Georgraphy Workbook for Travel and Tourism David W. Howell 

49. Travel and Tours – a Marketing Perspecive Chiedu Osnni – Lagos 

50. Expert Systems in Tourism Marketing by Martinbo and Curry 

51. Marketing Tourism Destinations by Health, Ernie 

52. Selling the Sea: An inside hook at the cruse industry by Dickinson, Robert H. 

53. Selling the City, Ashworth, Gregory 

54. Marketing and Selling the Travel Product by Product by;; Burke Resnilc 1991 

55. Entertainment, Arts and Cultural Services by Waters, Irene 

56. Contemporary Issues in Tourist Development Pearce and Butter 

57. Cross Cultural Communication for Tourising and Hospitality Industry by Fitzgerald, Helen 

58. Heritage Vistor alterations by Leask and Yeoman 

59. Nigeria Land, It’s Art and It’s People: An Anthology b;y Freedrick Lumleg 1977 

60. Mancini Marc (1990) Conducting Tours: A Practical Guide Olis, South – Western Publisher Co. 

61. IATA/UPTA- International Travel and Tourism Training Programme (Foundation Level) 

62. Managing Packaged Tourism Lenchan, Tony 

63. Professional Guide: Dynamics of Tour Guiding Pond, K.L 

64. Coping with Tourists by Boissvain Jeremy 

65. Conducting Tours: A Practical Guide by Marc Manensm 

66. Information technology for Travel and Tourism by Inkpen G 

67. The Travel Agency; b;y Donalt and Lumberg 

68. Travel Agency Practice by Pauline Hotner 1996 

69. Airfares Ticketing by; Phillip G. Davidoff, dorris s. Darzidoff 1983, 1987, 1993 

70. How to Research and Write a Thesis in Hospitality; and Tourism by Poynter, James 

71. Tourism (Foundation on corporate Contract and Technology by William Nimenibo 

72. Tourism and Recration Development – Manuel Bonny and Fred Lawson 

73. Global Tourism Edited by William F. Theobald 

206

74. Tourism: Past, Present and Future – J. Binrart and S. Medik Henneman 

75. Tourism Planning; In skeep, Edward 

76. Tourism Planning; Basics, Concepts, Cases – Gunn, Clare. A. 

77. National and regional Planning: - Methodologies and Case Studies 1994 

78. Tourism and recreation in Rural areas, Butler, Richard 

79. Tourism and National Parks, Butler, Richard 

80. Tourism and Recreation, Lawson F. 

81. Leisure and recreation Management Third Edition by George Torkilden, 1983, 1986, 1992. 

82. Dimensions of the Hospitality Industry by Dittnner PIR. 

83. Entreprenenship in the Hospitality, Tourism and Leisure Industry by Morrison and Rimmington 

84. Food and Beverage Management by Devis and Store 

85. Hotel and Restaurant Business by; Lunberg, Donald E. 

86. Tourism development, AK Bhatia (Sterling Publishers 2001) 

87. Global Tourism: The Neset Deccde, Edited by; William F. Theobald, (Bulterwute Heinemann 1994) 

88. Tourism Development: - Principles, Processes and Polices by Cavtner and William C. 

89. Tourism, Blessing W Light – Young, George Lindin Penguim Books 1973 

90. Tourist Development by Pearce, Douglas 

91. Private and Commercial recreation by Arlin F. Epperson 

92. Financing Managing and Marketing Recreation and Park Resources by Dennis R. Howard/John L. 

Crompton 

93. Eco-tourism in the less Developed World by Weaver D.B. 

94. Tourism A Community approach by Peter R. Murphy 

95. Nigeria the Land, It’s Art and It’s People: an Anthology by Fredrick Lumley 1977 

96. Festival and Special Event Management by; McDonnell and Allen 

97. Manual for Travel Counselors by; Kenneth N. Carlson 

98. Principle and Methods of Scheduling Reservation by; David N. Horell 

207

99. Business of Tour Operations by; Yale and Pat 

100. Hospitality and Tourism Law by Mark Ponitstiz Jenifer Ross, Norman Geddes and Williams Stewart 

101. Tourism (Foundation on Corporate Contract and Technology) by William Nimenibo 

102. Tourism: Principle, Practice and Philosophies by McIntosh 

103. Geography of Travel of Tourism, Boniface and Coper 

104. The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Wildlife Volume 2 

105. Eco-tourism Neil 2 Wearing 

106. Sustainable Tourism – a Geographical Perspection by C. Micheal Hall and Al an A Lerve 1998 

107 Towards Visitor Impact Management; Glasson, John. 

108. Practicing Responsible Tourism, Harrison, L. 

109 Psychology of Tourism by Ross, Calenn F. 

110. Solving Guest Problems (Video Manual) AAMA 

111. Gouang, G.A.N. The Organisation of Tourism in Nigeria 

112. Bukart and Mecllik, Tourism Past, Present and Future 

113. Middleton, Introduction to Tourism 

114. Brown, Global Trends in Tourism 

115. Kelber, Tourism Development 

116. Bovy, Tourism and Recreation Development 

117. Wahale, Tourism Marketing 

118. Transport and Tourism, Page, Stephen J. 

119. Geography ;and Air Transport, Graham, B 

120. How to Research and Write a Thesis in Hospitality and T;ourism, Poynter, James 

121. travel, Tourism, and Hospitality Research, Ritchie, JR Brent 

122. Researching and Writing Dissertation in Hospitality and Tourism by Clark and Reley 

123. Economics of Leisure and Tourism, Bull, A. 

124. Leisure and Recreation Management by; George Torkilson 

208

125. Tourism Development (Principles and Practices) by A.K. Bhatia 

126. Marketing Tourism Destinations, Health, Ernie 

127. Practical Tourism Forecasting, Frechtling Douglas C. 

128. Selling the City, Ash Worth, Cure Gory 

129. Selling the Sea: An Inside Hook at the Cruise Industry, Dickinson, Robert H. 

130. Human Resources Management in Tourism & Hospitality by Lee-Ross, Darren. 

131. Hospitality, Tourism and Leisure Management by Foley & Lenon. 

132. How to Research and write thesis in Hospitality & Tourism by Poynter, James. 

133. Travel Tourism and Hospitality Research by Ritchie, JR Brent. 

134. Researching and Writing Dissertation in hospitality and Tourism by Clark & Riley. 

209

PARTICIPANTS AT TOURISM CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT WORKSHOP 

YABA – LAGOS 

Mr. Philip Egga Naga (Co-ordinator Tourism) 

National Inst. For Hospitality & Tourism 

Bagauda Lake 

P.M.B. 3274, Kano 

Telephone 064-632560 

E-mail Nitiotours & samdau.com 

Philipnaga @ yahoo.com 

Ogugua E Okafo [ EDITOR] 

National Board for Technical Education 

Kaduna 

Mrs. Comfort O. Ogbonna (C) 

HCM Dept.Tourism Studies 

Yaba College of Technology 

Yaba Lagos. 01-863710 (Lagos). 

Alh. Isa Mohammed Gambo (Co-ordinator Tourism) 

Dept. of Catering, Hotel & Tourism Management 

College of Science and Technology 

Kaduna Polytechnic, Kaduna. 

Tel. 062-419503, 419170. 

210

Momoh M. Kabir 

Academic Secretary 

NIHOTOUR. P.M.B. 3274 

Baguada Lake,Kano. 

064-632560. 

Julius D. Amaslim (HOD tourism) 

Department of Tourism Studies 

Plateau State Polytechnic 

Barkin Ladi, Bukuru 

P.M.B. 020231, 

Plateau State. 08036252313. 

Dr. G. O. Falade 

Department of Hotel and Catering Management 

Federal Polytechnic 

P.M.B. 231 

Ede, Osun State. 

Omojola Titilaye (Mrs) 

Nigerian Tourism Development Corporation 

113, Ikorodu Road, 

Fadeyi 

Lagos – 08036301218 

211

F. Ifeoma Ekweme (Mrs) 

Modotel Nig. Limited 

14, Colliery Avenue 

GRA Enugu 

042-258000. 

Mr. Lanre Awoseyin 

Publisher/Consultant African Hospitality, 

Travel Konsult Ltd.,Kaduna. 

08035874781. 

E-mail Lanre Owoseyin @ yahoo.co.uk 

Alhaji M.N.K. Apaokagi 

National Board for Technical Education 

P.M.B. 2239 

Kaduna 

212

ND TOURISM- FINAL

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?