Livelihood Augmentation in Rainfed Areas - Development Support ...

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Water pyramid Box 5.3: Water Pyramids and Cones The Water Pyramid, is an innovation developed by Martijn Nitzsche from Aqua-Aero WaterSystems BV of the Netherlands. It is patented and recognized by the World Bank and has received the Development Marketplace Award-2006 for small-scale water innovations. It is a uniquely designed inflated foil structure, which uses energy from the sun to evaporate brackish or polluted source water and condense it to high-quality drinking water. The concept is based on the solar still principle optimised for large areas. The pyramid is inflated using a simple pump backed by a 24 volts chargeable battery. 2,000 lit. storage tank Water-Pyramid: The Hybrid Water Factory Large Scale Solar Distillation and Rainwater Harvesting Rainwater Harvesting Water Pyramid Solar Distillation well water/ brackish water 25 m 3 rainwater collection tank large catchment area for rain water harvesting first flush filters The raw water is filled on the floor of the pyramid and evaporates due to the solar energy. The water condenses along the inside foil of the pyramid and is collected in a tank through a gutter for distilled water which can be used further to market different products for industrial and medicinal uses or used locally in combination with other sources of water for drinking and domestic purposes. The salt which remains can be used for the domestic need in the village or can be traded. The production rate is expected to be 1000 litres of distilled water per day on sunny days. The Water Pyramid has a base of 600 to 650 sq m and height of 9 m. Consequently it offers a substantial surface area for rainwater harvesting during monsoon. This water too can be collected in a tank through gutters on the outside of the pyramid and can be used for drinking purposes. Shirva Village in Mandvi block of Kutch District is among the first villages in India to test this technology. The ground water at Shirva has a TDS level of 2300-2700 ppm and in the absence of any other option the population of more than 2500 is dependent on the government for supply of drinking water. The Gram Panchayat has already installed a Reverse Osmosis 86 Livelihood Augmentation in Rainfed Areas: Volume I Distilled Water Collection Gutter rain water gutter Installlation for remineralization of distilled water 1,000 lit. large tank
plant, which desalinates the water of the village well. The brine which is produced as the by-product of the RO system is being used as the water source for the water pyramid system. At Shirva two tanks of 5,000 litres capacity have been constructed for collection of the distilled water, while the rain water will be collected in a pond with the 4000 sq m. The setting up of this water pyramid was made possible by the partnership between WASMO, Aqua-Aero WaterSystems BV and the Government of the Netherlands in cooperation with the VRTI (a local NGO partner implementing WASMO’s drinking water project in the village), the Gram Panchayat and Pani Samiti of Shirva village. Water cones While the water pyramid has obvious benefits the high initial capital is a major limiting factor. The search for simpler and cheaper applications of the solar still has led to the development of small, portable water cones. A typical water cone yields between 1.0 to 1.7 liters of condensed water per day. These yields were reported for WATERCONE(r) with a base diameter of 60-80 cms tested in Casablanca, Morocco where the average evaporation level was 8.8 liters per sq m. The water cone is made from transparent, thermo-formable polycarbonate (same as water dispensers) outfitted with a screw cap spout at the tip and an inward circular collecting trough at the base. Salty / brackish water is poured into the pan on which the water cone is floated. The black pan absorbs the sunlight and heats up the water to support evaporation. The condensed droplets trickle down the inner . wall into a circular trough at the inner base of the cone. By unscrewing the cap at the tip of the cone and turning the cone upside down, one can empty the potable water gathered in the trough directly into a drinking device. WATERCONE(r) is a long lasting UV-resistant poly carbonate product and can be used daily for up to five years. The material is non-toxic, non-flammable and 100 per cent recyclable. Source: Aqua-Aero WaterSystems BV, company website at (www.aaws.nl/details.htm); WASMO organization website (www.wasmo.org/CMS.aspx?content_id=80); WATERCONE company website (www.watercone.com/product.html) accessed August 2010 NRM Strategies for Problem Lands 87
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Livelihood Augmentation in Rainfed
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Navigation Chart Volume-I Volume-II
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new guidelines give due recognition
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the knowledge about building human
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capacity building and technology in
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Contents Foreword iv Preface vi Ack
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Shifting to organic farming: encour
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List of Tables, Figures, Boxes List
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Abbreviations AAWS Aqua Aero Water
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IWMI International Water Management
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Conceptual Framework Our understand
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Information and Communication Techn
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How to Use the Handbook “I used t
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Volume-specific structure Figure 1:
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Part-1 The Untapped Potential of Ra
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practitioners as well as academics
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Official estimates place rainfed ar
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Context of Rainfed Agriculture in I
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Yield (kg/ha) 2000 1000 Cotton Figu
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developing these areas would be abo
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significant increase in the followi
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out participatory plant breeding (P
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iv. v. Various other applications t
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1. Introduction 2. General Principl
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about 80 families, located in the f
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for having developed drought-resist
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5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. unique opportuni
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can result in rich harvest in the s
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Very often, we believe that watersh
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are discussed in more detail in Vol
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from Tarun Bharat Sangh’s work in
Page 65 and 66: Box 2.3: Collective Restraint on th
Page 67 and 68: small ruminants act as a fixed depo
Page 69 and 70: 3 Introduction Watershed Developmen
Page 71 and 72: Box 3.1: Breathing New Life into Ri
Page 73 and 74: Box 3.2: Arvari Sansad: A Parliamen
Page 75 and 76: among NGOs in India. Agencies like
Page 77 and 78: This plan would later have to be ve
Page 79 and 80: Ecological variables These variable
Page 81 and 82: i) Soil and water treatment The mos
Page 83 and 84: Continued... Arid Semi-arid Sub-Hum
Page 85 and 86: iii) Afforestation Afforestation in
Page 87 and 88: iv) Pasture land development Most I
Page 89 and 90: 100 x 100 m grass plots Bunds and P
Page 91 and 92: 4 Watershed Development: From NRM t
Page 93 and 94: Creating Access to Credit Access to
Page 95 and 96: 8 ) In addition, technologies and i
Page 97 and 98: Participative Plant Breeding (PPB)
Page 99 and 100: Food security through SRI A promisi
Page 101 and 102: Farmers practicing organic farming
Page 103 and 104: of NGOs working in Gujarat on water
Page 105 and 106: Her husband thought that Rs 500 was
Page 107 and 108: Box 4.4: Fisher Friend in search of
Page 109 and 110: supplies milk to the dairy, says th
Page 111 and 112: Hinterland Salinity The biggest rea
Page 113 and 114: Kolkata and Haldia This tract has e
Page 115: on wastelands, and they can serve t
Page 119 and 120: for Aquaculture (RGCA). RGCA has em
Page 121 and 122: After three months, the lobsters gr
Page 123 and 124: Conservation works and the maintena
Page 125 and 126: conditions. It experienced a spike
Page 127 and 128: Box 6.1: Genetically Modified Crops
Page 129 and 130: had been pooled and multiplied the
Page 131 and 132: Box 6.2: Participatory Guarantee Sy
Page 133 and 134: Source: onestrawrevolution.net Box
Page 135 and 136: Conclusion The above strategies sho
Page 137 and 138: Table 7.2: Livestock Population and
Page 139 and 140: local cattle breeds, including the
Page 141 and 142: (GVCs). One of the key functions of
Page 143 and 144: Poultry Poultry is a traditional oc
Page 145 and 146: 8 Strategies Promoting Farmers’ I
Page 147 and 148: Table 8.1: Regional Versions of Hon
Page 149 and 150: Box 8.3: Masti ki Pathshala: Bharal
Page 151 and 152: methods of these ‘odd balls’ wh
Page 153 and 154: Figure 8.2: Farmer’s Participatio
Page 155 and 156: Two veterinary doctors at the Unive
Page 157 and 158: A few studies of crafted institutio
Page 159 and 160: the fusion of values is inevitable
Page 161 and 162: Continued... Institution type Purpo
Page 163 and 164: not only helped to preserve the var
Page 165 and 166: and labour resources from season to
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Continued... No. Functions Levels G
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In a few cases, socio-religious mov
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Adopting existing institutions for
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10 Summary and Conclusions Micro-wa
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improving the fish catch of fishing
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References Action for Social Advanc
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Hegde, N. G. (2006). Livestock deve
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farm practice and tackles drought.
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http://www.baif.org.in/aspx_pages/p
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Best Practices 1. Technical and Soc
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in the region. Seva Mandir initiate
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the day-to-day progress and guides
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2 Introduction Reducing Salinity th
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One of the long-term objectives in
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Annexure Water Flow Measurement in
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project from 2000 to 2003, in Lunaw
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Quality Seeds through FSPCs With th
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4 Introduction Meeting the Challeng
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The awareness of the right to drink
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developed to allow dependent villag
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5 Introduction BAIF’s Wadi Model
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of the semi-processed product, the
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Table 1: Scaling Up of Wadi Model S
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6 Introduction Sadguru’s Lift Irr
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The problem of PDC is restricted to
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Table 1: Profile of LI Federations
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In 2002-03, the federation decided
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Jhalod Federation has already estab
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7 Livestock and Local Breed Develop
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of the community for better animal
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8 Introduction Timbaktu Organic: Op
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The management of Timbaktu Organic
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season begins soil and moisture con
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organic methods of farming. This pr
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correct pricing system and they fou
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was comparatively manageable, and s
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Providing Insurance Services Althou
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These backward and forward linkages
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10 Improving Livelihoods by Making
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Livelihood Opportunity Recognizing
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Another instance of the successful
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1. The Bopal Declarations 2. Ecolog
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The Bopal Declarations The text of
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Declaration 6 For each major progra
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2. Ecological Variables Affecting T
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the surface run-off would have to c
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Table 3: Slope Classes Symbol Slope
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4. Choice of Species for Developing
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Continued... Botanical Name Pongami
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Continued... Botanical Name Carissa
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Continued... Botanical Name Common
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Continued... Botanical Name Natural
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Purpose: To harvest the run-off com
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foundations, are uneconomical. Infi
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cutting the up-slope area and filli
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different) on the same piece of lan
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6. Resource Guide Agriculture 1. Dr
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Dealing with the principles and pra
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training on this subject. The liter
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6. Watershed Management: Guidelines
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Bank-assisted rural development are
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Websites and Portals AgricultureInf
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AKRSP (India) has set up two traini
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Set up in 1982 by a team of like-mi
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SRISTI, which means ‘creation’,
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End-notes building efforts and enha
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consultancy are operational in abou
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Email: info@timbaktu.org Website: w
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Index 11 th Five Year Plan 5, 10 Ab
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European Union (EU) 67 Exclusive wa
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Lab-to-land 122,123 Land Capability
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Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Aquaculture
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Vivekananda Research and Training I
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