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Plasmolysis and cell wall deposition in root hairs 61 insight into the structural needs of cells in order to survive in extreme environments. Acknowledgements Partial financial support was given by grant no. APVV-0432-06 to M.O. from the Grant Agency APVV, Bratislava, SK, and by grant HJST 1939/2008 of the “Hochschuljubliäumsstiftung der Stadt Wien” to I.L. Many thanks to Gregor Eder for technical support. Conflict of interest statement conflict of interest. References The authors declare that they have no Attree SM, Sheffield E (1985) Plasmolysis of Pteridium protoplasts: a study using light and scanning-electron microscopy. Planta 165:151–157 Bachewich CL, Heath IB (1997) Differential cytoplasm–plasma membrane–cell wall adhesion patterns and their relationships to hyphal tip growth and organelle motility. Protoplasma 200:71–86 Baluška F, Šamaj J, Wojtaszek P, Volkmann D, Menzel D (2003) Cytoskeleton–plasma membrane–cell wall continuum in plants. emerging link revisited. 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