ANGUILLA ELECTS A NATIONAL BIRD - RarePlanet

ANGUILLA
ELECTS A NATIONAL BIRD
- $1
A Conservation Education Program for Anguilla
Alleyne Regis
Assistant Director of Conservation Education
RARE Center
March 1995

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RARE Center for Tropical Conservation
1616 WALNUT STREET, SUITE 91 1, PHILADELPHIA. PENNSYLVANIA 19103
TEL (215) 735-3510 FAX (215) 735-3515
I PRESIDENT
r F. Pasquier
En rnnmental Defense Fund
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VICE-PRESIDENT
John E. Earhan
Omal Ennmnmenl Fund
Ez'm
Davld Ayer
ESSBX Street Ass~~lates
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Camline R. Alexander
Traditionally,
Susan M. Babcock
Peter P. Blanchard Ill
Howard P. Brokaw
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Laura Cam basso
progresswe Kteges
Markha Hays cooper endemic
me Sm,thsMtan lmfIfvt1m
DaIcb K. Dacol, Ph.D.
Donald R. Dann
Dans Dann Lenn
victor L. Gonzalez
Chrlstlne A. Green
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Neill R. Heath
A r m WrMfe MundaUm
Bruce Howard
E.B. Leisenring, Jr.
The Phlladelph!a
Mntnbutimship
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Bruce S. Manhelm, Jr.
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Blake Mllam, DVM
Allen J. Model
Bayard D. Rea
Fernando E. Rondon
Emily T. Rowan
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John Terborgh, Ph.D.
Duke Unrversrly Cenfer
for TmpmI Cmsen'alion
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David S. Wilcove, Ph.D.
Enwmnmentrl Defense Fund
Minturn T. Wri ht Ill, Esq.
Dscherf, Pme & %wads
HONORARY TRUSTEES
Kenneth Berlin, Esq.
Wm~w, Stlmn.
Pumam & Robens
Capt. David 0. Hlll
Federal Expres CorporaUm
Robert S. Rldgely. Ph.0.
Academy of hbturai Susnces
Dear Friends,
For more than six years RPRE Center has been committing its time and finances
help people in the Caribbean protect natural areas through promoting pride in the
national birds and the habitats in which they live.
RARE Center has focused attention on threatened endemics, and
assistance programs have helped islands like Jamaica, Saint Lucia, Saint Vin
Western Samoa build grass roots support for their unique birds and butte
The question was asked .But what of those islands that do not have endangered or
species of wildlife? Are they any less deserving of financial support? Are
their ecosystems less fragile? Of course not, and in response RARE Center has
developed its LimitedAssistance Program.
In this a local counterpart is presented with our education manual. Promoting
Protection Thru Pride and a small financial grant in the hope of their implementing
some, if not all, of its tasks These tasks include school visits, puppet shows,
newsletters, costumes, songs, questionnaire surveys etc.
Although a Limited Assistance Program, you will see from the pages of this report
that the Anguilla campaign was far from limited in effect. Our counterpart, MIS
Bonnie Warner-Fleming, along with organizations like the Albena Lake-Hodge
Comprehensive School Environmental Club, the Anguilla Beautification Club and
the Department of Education etc., have worked hard to implement many of the
manual's tasks A national bud has been elected and there is now widespread pride
and knowledge of it.
I have had the honor and previlage of working closely with the Bonnie, the ALHCS
Club and the many others who have played an integral role in bringing success to
this campaign. Their dedication is a credit to Anguilla, and their achievements stand
testimony to their enterprise. I urge you to read this report and to assist in the
follow-up recommendations that it proposes.
RARE
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N~tmeI
Orlando H. Ganldo
Museum of Nalural
Hbimy, Mvana, Cuba
EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR
John Guarnaccia
volunteer organization drdicafed ro the conservation of endangered tropical wildlife and irs habirats)
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Acknowledgments
1 .O SETTING THE SCENE
1.1 Geography, Geology and Climate
1.2 Fauna and Flora
1.2.1 Flora
1.2.2 Fauna
1.3 Environment: Threats and Conservation
2.0 ABOUT THE TURTLE DOVE
2.1 Alternate names
2.2 Description
2.3 Status and Distribution
3 .O TAKING ON THE TASKS
Production of Posters & Badges
Posters
Badges
Fact Sheet
Pre-Project Questionnaire
The questionnaire
Questionnaire distribution
Analysis of pre-project questionnaire
Nation wide results pre-project questionnaire
School Song
Poster Distribution
Puppet Show
Costume
School Visitation
Primary school visitation
Secondary school visitation
ArtEssay Competitions
Bumper Stickers
Songs
Community Outreach

Newspapers
The radio
The television
Other
Environmental Newsletter
Sermons & Services
Billboards
Legislation Booklet
Music Video
Community Outreach
Legislation Review
Stamps
A-Z Of Wildlife
Post Project Questionnaire
Post Project Questionnaire Analysis
Final Report
4.0 SIGNS OF SUCCESS
4.1 Tackling The Tasks
4.2 Monitoring Changes In Knowledge and Attitude
4.2.1 Distribution of a post-project questionnaire
4.2.2 Analysis of the post-project questionnaire
4.2.2.1 Results of post-project questionnaire
5.0 RECOMMENDATIONS
6.0 SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHY
7.0 APPENDICES

iii
TABLE 1
TABLE 2
TABLE 3
TABLE 4
TABLE 5
TABLE 6
FIGURE 1
FIGURE 2
FIGURE 3
Election Results
he-project questionnaire distribution
Pre-project questionnaire results
Puppet show visitation
Primary school visitation
Post-project questionnaire results
Anguilla and the Eastern Caribbean
Anguilla
Poster of Turtle Dove
20 (a-b)
36
37 (a-d)
51
54
67 (a-c)
1 a
lb
28
APPENDIX 1 Election Campaign
APPENDIX 2 Zenaida Dove fact sheet
APPENDIX 3 Questionnaire
APPENDIX 4
APPENDIX 5
APPENDIX 6
APPENDIX 7
School song sheet
Sample of press articles
Dove Tales News sheet
Sample of press articles

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
7he Anguillian Conservation Education Campaign is being implemented under the
auspices of The Department of Education. Point person for the project is Bonnie
Warner-Fleming who was funded by the UNDP.
It would be impossible to acknowledge all the persons and organizations who helped
with this project. However special mention must be made of Reverend John Gumbs
and David Carty, without whose help nothing could have been achieved.
Others who provided sterling assistance included principals of schools across the
country, together with the media and musicians that have rallied to the cause.
Here, I acknowledge those whose assistance and kindness have been specifically
documented in the project counterpart's monthly reports.
Individuals:
Patricia Adarns, Edison Baird, Stacy Bernier, Errol Brooks, Brother Lee, Joy
Buchanan, Pat Campbell, Mega Force, Emile Gumbs, Marvin Gumbs, Miriam
Gumbs, Avonelle Harrigan, Audrea Hennis, Beverly Hines, Ivor Hodge, Karim
Hodge, Trevor Hodge, Sherma Hughes, Daphne Jacobs, Rodney Rey, Karen
Richardson, Lorin Richardson, Sayanora Richardson, Verne1 Richardson, Yolande
Richardson, Alex Ryan, Alecia Ryan, Clive Smith, Kathleen Sotiaux, Earnest
Vanterpool.
Organizations, groups and businesses:
Albena Lake Hodge Comprehensive School, Anguilla Life magazine, Anguilla
National Trust, Anguilla National Youth Council, Channel 9 TV, Community
Development, The Herald news paper, The Light news paper, National Council for
Women, Radio Anguilla, Radio ZJF, Sunshine Lady Productions.
The program is also indebted to RARE Center's President, Roger Pasquier; Executive
Director, John Guarnaccia; Director for Conservation Education, Paul Butler;
Membership and Promotions Director, Christine Psomiades; and Administrative
Assistant, Alissa Burns; as well as to The John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur
Foundation, and to all RARE Center members.

This report is dedicated to Bonnie Warner-Fleming, the staff of the Department of
Education, and the Junior and Senior Environmental Clubs of the Albena Lake Hodge
Comprehensive School for it is their work that the report describes. RARE Center for
Tropical Conservation is honoured to have been able to help them to help build a
conservation awareness in their country.
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1.0 SETTING THE SCENE
30r the reader that has only a limited knowledge of Anguilla this chapter strives to
set the scene; providing a brief synopsis of the country, its geography, ecology and
people.
Much of the information provided here has been taken fiom:
ANGUILU: Environmental Profile: Part 1: A Resource Management Fmmework -
An Assessment of Critical Environmental Issues Facing Anguilla. By The Island
Resources Founahtion and The Anguilla Archaeological and Historical Society.
1993.
This document is an invaluable reference to Anguilla and is a must for any agency
thinking of working in that country.
1.1 Geography, Geology and Climate
The most northerly of the Lesser Antillean Leeward Islands, Anguilla is located five
miles (8 km) north of Saint Martin and seventy miles (1 13 km) northwest of St. Kilts.
Comprising some thnty-five square miles (91 km2) and measuring sixteen miles long
by three wide, this elongated, eel-shaped island is home to some thousand inhabitants.
The Anguilla Environmental Profile (EP) notes:
Anguilla has a low karstic structure ... and a maximum elevation of 65 m. It is formed
of limestone and mark developed on deep, older volcanic rocks.
The EP continues:
The soil is thin and a signflcant portion of the land su~ace is bare (or almost bare)
rock; it primarily supports dry evergreen woodland and low-lying scrub, with some
cacti, The island is sheltered by extensive reefs which provide superb diving and
snorkeling as well as important protection for the inshore environment.
The south coastline is low with sandy bays, while there are cliffs in the north. White
or light pink sandy beaches occupy approximately 19 km (1 2 mi) of shore line. There
are no freshwater streams or standing bodies of fresh water, and the island's
"wetlands" consist primarily of a number of salt ponds.

FIGURE 1: ANGUILLA AND THE EASTERN CARIBBEAN
9 ANEOADA
VIRGIN
ISLANDS' " 'AR'IN'
./ANGUILLA
ST. BARTHELEMY
S5
o SABA BARBUDA
0 50 100
#
Hilrr
ST EUSTATIUS * QST. CHRISTOPHER
~~"1~0 E$ ANTIGUA
4 MONTSERRAT
9A
WADELOUPE
GALANTL
CARIBBEAN
5 DOMINICA
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SEA
ST. LUCIA
0
ST VINCENT 0
BARBAOOS'C)
5
p ISLA LA
BLANWILLA
4.GRENADtNEs
p GRENADA
12'
ISLA LA
MARGARITA
VENEZUELA

K.W. Earle (1923) writes:
The su~ace of the island is undulating rising to a maximum height of 200 feet above
Crocus Bay. Speaking generally, the island shows a ridge of high ground to the
north-west, terminating in an escarpment on the northern shore, and sloping gently
towards a long central valley but little above sea level, and succeeded to the south by
a minor escapnent sloping gently down to sea level everywhere on the southern
shore. There is thus a striking contrast between the two coastlines, the northern one
consisting for the most part of steep sea clrffs up to 100 feet high, the southern one of
a shelving rocky shore with sandy coves protected by coral reefs.
A number of uninhabited off shore islets -Dog Island, Scrub Island, Sombrero
Island and Prickly Pear Cays - also form part of the temtory of Anguilla.
Anguilla's climate is dry, sunny and sub-tropical with a mean monthly temperature of
81 F (27 C) which is moderated by the northeasterly trade winds.
Mean annual rainfall is a scant 40" (103 cm) with a dry season extending from
January to April and a "wet" period, during which time much of the annual
precipitation falls, from September to December.
Poor soils and low annual rainfall influence Anguilla's vegetation which can be
described as "either sparse or stunted" (EP, 1993). - See section 1.2
The Environmental Profile notes:
Anguilla is a low andgat island composedprincipally of comlline limestone overlain
with a thin, irregular layer of reddishlbrown clay-type soil with alkaline properties.
The island was first mentioned in historical records in 1564 although first colonization
by people from the Old World probably did not occur until 1650 when the British
established a foothold on the island.
These early settlers attempted to establish a plantation economy on Anguilla but the
island's poor soils and erratic rainfall made the development of an export economy
very difficult.

The EP notes:
By the time of emancipation in 1834, the island'spopulation consisted of free people
and independent landowners, most of whom practiced subsistence agriculture. The
economy was dependent on salt production, fishing, boat-building, inter-island
trading and remittances sent home by Anguillians working overseas - and so it
essentially remained until the late 1970's.
Since the time of the early British settlements Anguilla has remained a British Colony.
Although for "ease of Administration" it was linked in a federation with St. Kittsl
Nevis in the late 1880's. Geographically isolated, and administratively neglected from
its "larger" sister islands, Anguilla twice petitioned for direct British rule which was
returned in 1980 when Anguilla again became a Crown Colony in the form of a
Dependent Territory. The Anguillian Government today consists of a Governor and a
Chief Minister and other ministers appointed from the elected members of the
legislative assembly.
The EP notes:
While clearance of forest cover from the rocky Anguillian landscape was relatively
slow, the island's original forests have been devastated by excessive exploitation over
time.
This is despite the fact that early colonists had a hard struggle and eventually
abandoned the production of cash crops because of poor soils and a harsh climate.
Tobacco cultivation was gradually discarded during the eighteenth century and sugar
was abandoned after emancipation.
The EP continues:
Subsistence farming, with supplementary export of provisions and salt and
remittances sent home by seafaring Anguillians, continued to be a mainstay of the
population until well into the twentieth century. From about 1920, however,
governmental attempts to develop permanent agriculture in place of shifiing
cultivation met with some successes, and cotton was successfully raised as an export
crop . .
[However] In the late 1940 S cotton production began to decline and much land
formerly under cultivation reverted to seconhry growth of herbaceous and woody
weeds.

Since the time of first colonization the population has grown steadily although this
was always tempered by continuing out-migration in the search for work. However the
population of Anguilla grew very rapidly between the census years of 1984 and 1992,
at a rate of just under four percent per year.
The EP notes:
Natural increase (births over deaths) accountedfor approximately one and a half
percent of the increase, while just under two and a halfpercent was due to
immigration.
The report continues:
A major factor in altering the previous demographic pattern (ie., one of small
increases with emigration common) has been the significant growth in tourism which
has attracted immigration of non-nationals and a significant return home of
nationals.
In 1992 Anguilla's population stood at some 8,960 (Anguilla Government Statistical
Department).
The rapid growth in the tourism sector referenced in the above quotation accounted for
a remarkable growth in the island's economy. In the final half of the 1980's, real
GDP rose at over lo%, bringing with it both positive and negative influences. On the
one hand the establishment of several up market hotels fueled a local construction
boom; reduced unemployment from 26% to a point where the importation of labor
became a real necessity and substantially improved the standard of living for most
Anguillians.
However, it has also resulted in increased numbers of tourists using beaches and the
coastal zone; conflicting uses of marine resources; and increasing pressure on the
island's fragile environment.
Land in Anguilla is held in approximately nine thousand parcels, two thirds of which
are less than two acres in size and the vast majority of which (95%) are privately'
owned.

The EP notes:
7he pattern of domestic settlement has generally been defined by access to the sea
and to lands suitable for cultivation andgmzing. A particular feature of Anguilla is
the absence of a clearly identzfiable urban area. Instead settlements occur in clusters
or districts where pockets of the population have settled in mostly small villages.
The EP continues:
A widely and strongly held view among Anguillians is that each land owner is
entitled to use privately-held land as he or she chooses.
So it has evolved today, in Anguilla, that the imposition of development control
measures is often resisted .. Steps by Government to introduce regulations or
guidelines to control growth or manage resources are perceived as a loss of
individual rights andpersonal sovereignty over private property.
This entrenched attitude, combined with a growing population with increasing
material expectations and rising land values all put pressure on finite terrestrial
resources. Today Anguilla possesses few large natural areas unaltered by agriculture
or built development.
1.2 Fauna & Flora
1.2.1 Flora
The EP notes that in classifying vegetation on uncultivated lands, Harris (1965),
described it as being degraded evergreen woodland with species such as White Cedar,
(Tabeuia pallida), Loblolly (Pisonia fragmns and P. subcordata) and Turpentine
(Bursera simaruba). Harris observed that small areas of grassland are scattered
throughout the degraded forest areas, while littoral and strand vegetation predominate
along coastlines.
The EP notes:
Even today, the woodland of Anguilla consists primarily of native species. Zhese
have been severely degraded by generations of shifting agriculture, the cutting and
burning of wood and the grazing of animals, all of which have prevented or retarded
the recovery of more mature woodlands.

[However], Anguilla is an island where the overall effect of generations of change on
the landscape has not been as dramatic as it was on neighbouring Caribbean islands.
The rocky, bush-covered countryside remains much as it was in the early nineteenth
century.
The EP notes:
There are approximately 500 species of plants recorded for Anguilla, of which 321
are indigenous and 122 were introduced. There is ... one species which is endemic to
Anguilla, Rondeletia anguillensis, which is in the family of plants that includes the
Five-finger Tree, the Mutton Polly, Stinging Whip and Wild Guava.
This Anguillian endemic is found at the east end of the island and in the vicinity of
Little Bay, near Flat Cap Point.
The EP continues:
There are only a few areas which can be considered expansive "natural areasJ' by
virtue of the fact that they have not been signflcantly altered through cultivation or
human habitation. Such areas are generally of two types: (0 Thorn-scrub or
drought-deciduous forests and, (id Wind-blow open areas with salt-tolerant
vegetation.
The report describes three of the more important areas as being:
A: Most remaining natural areas in Anguilla are on the north coast, from Little Bay
northeastward to Windward Point. The most extensive tract of thorn-scrub forest
is an area lying between Little Bay and the west end of Shoal Bay, and extending
about one-half mile inland. Along this coast, there are many vertical cliffs which
are over 100 feet high, studded with sea caves and sink holes. Just inland from
these cliffs are areas of dense vegetation.
Most trees grow in a thin layer of soil foundprimarily in depressions in the exposed
limestone and are, as a result, stunted in height. However, along the coastline,
there are trees that attain heights of over 30 feet. The dominant vegetation is White
Cedar (Tabebuia - oallida), Pigeonwood (Pulmeria rubra), Five-Finger Trees
(Randia aculeata), and Bromeliads (Tillandsia sm), plus a variety of Cacti (Ovuntia
a Melocactus suv). Pitch apple (Clusia rosea) trees dot the landscape.

nis area is relatively rich in wildlife. It is home to snakes, slipperybacks, grourrd
lizards, tree lizarh, woodslaves, bats and a variety of birds. Its most impressive
and elusive resident is the iguana, an animal which once occurred over most of the
northern half of the island but is now almost entirely restricted to this area.
Note: Subsequent to the EP being compiled there has been extensive land clearance
and rock mining at Brimegin.
B: The windwardpoint of the island, from Savannah Bay on the south coast and
Island Harbour on the north coast heading northwestward, is another extensive
tract of natural area. There is relatively little vegetation, and what does occur is
salt-spray tolerant. Most of this area is characterized by vey sandy soil, with the
dominant vegetation being Cockspur, (Castela erecta).
Nearer to the point, the sandy soil gives way to limestone fissures and ridges with
Pope S Head Cactus and Sea Purslane (Portulaca oleracea) as the dominant
plants. Relatively few animals occur here as most cannot tolerate the constant wind
and salt spray.
Note: Subsequent to the EP being compiled there has been extensive sand mining at
Windward Point.
C: A natural area not as expansive as the previous two is the valley above Katouche
Bay. Zhis area extenhfiom the bay eastwards up the canyon to Cavannagh Cave.
At the mouth of the Canyon, just behind the beach, is a small pond surrounded by
Button Wood (Conocamus erectus) Other types of vegetation include Pepper
Cinnamon Trees (Canella winterana), Tamarind (Tamarindus indicd, Mawby
(Colubrina arborescens), and Sherry Trees (1Maloiahia emarainata). Bromilliads
are very common. Turpentine Trees and orchih appearmher up the canyon
and there are even small patches of bamboo.
Katouche Canyon is probably one of the least disturbed areas on Anguilla ... [and]
is a host to a variety of wildlife, including land crabs, jiddler crabs, ground
lizards and tree lizards. About halfway up the canyon is an area that is
relatively moist with the most dense population of the smallest gecko on the island.
mile the pond does not shelter a great number of birdr, there are occasional
White-cheeked Pintails (Anas bahamensis) and breeding pairs of Yellow-crowned
Night Herons (Nvctanass violacea). More abundant are song birds such as
Bananaquits (C~ereba~flmeola), Yellow Warblers (Dendroica petechia), and
Mangrove Cuckoos (Cocccvzus minod.

1.2.2 Fauna
There are ten species of lizards, one snake, a land turtle and frog on Anguilla. In
addition there are two species of black ground lizards which occur only on the
offshore islets of Sombrero and Little Scrub Island. (EP, 1993). A number of
Anguilla's herptiles are endemic; these include:
~ 1) Black ground lizard, Aneiva corm, occurring only on Little scrub island.
2) Black ground lizard, Ameiva corvina, found only on Sombrero.
3) Alsophis rijersmai, Anguilla's only snake - restricted to the Anguilla Bank.
4) The ground lizard, Ameivaplei, also restricted to the Anguilla Bank.
5) The tree lizard, Anolis gingivivinus, also restricted to the Anguilla Bank.
6) Gecko, Sphaerodactylus macrolepsis parvus, also restricted to the Anguilla Bank.
The most spectacular of Anguilla's reptiles is the Iguana, Iguana delicatissima, - the
only reptile threatened with extirpation. Anguilla's Environmental Profile attributes
the decline in Iguana numbers to loss of habitat due to cutting of trees and the
competition for food with wild goats.
Describing the status of Anguilla's reptiles the EP notes:
me snake, ground lizard, tree lizard and both wood-slaves are common throughout
the island of Anguilla, although the snake is very secretive. The smallest gecko
(S. m. ~arvius) is found only in moist areas, such as caves and canyons. The
slipperyback is locally abundant in areas of limestone outcrops, while the land
tortoise (Geochelone carbonaria) is found sporadically in areas like Rendezvous
Bay and Locrum Bay.
Only one species of amphibian has ever been recorded from Anguilla - a frog,
Elutherodactvlus johnstonei, which was first discovered in 1987 and was heard again
in 1989 and 1993. This species was likely introduced.

The only non-introduced mammals in Anguilla today are five species of bats which
reside in the many caves and sinkholes all around the island. These include:
Monophyllus plethodon luciae; Artibeus j. jamaicensis; Brachyphlla c. cavemarum;
Natalus stramineus and Molossus molossus.
Birds are the most diverse group of animals on Anguilla, with most of those that
reside on Anguilla being common species that are found throughout the other islands
of the Caribbean.
The EP states:
Being easy dispersers, flying from one island to the next, seabirds, shorebirds, water
fowl, song birds and wading birdr are abundant on the main island This tendency to
disperse so readily and the proximity of adjacent land areas may be the reason why
there are no endemics on Anguilla.
The EP continues:
Standard West Indian bird references do not provide listings of Anguilla's bird
population. Furthermore a deftnitive Caribbean seabird reference lists Anguilla as
one of the fewer islands for which "knowledge of the present seabird situation is
particularly sparse or even lacking".
However, Evans 1990, lists 44 species as nesting in the Anguilla, Saint Martidst.
Maarten, Saint Bathememy and Sombrero area. Of these, six species are seabirds. He
lists and additional 45 species as being present either as migrants or winter visitors.
1.3 Threats and issues relating to AnguiUa's environment
As we have noted earlier an expanding tourism industry coupled with a growing
population with increasing material expectations and rising land values all put pressure
on finite terrestrial and marine resources. The Environmental Profile notes that
these problems are exacerbated by a number of other issues, including:
1 : mat the authority and responsibility for environmental management in Anguilla is
not centralized but is dispersed amongst a number of departments.

The EP notes:
During the 1980's environmental matters were considered the responsibility of the
Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, which was then housed within the Minis
try of Tourism and Natural Resources. In 1990, the portfolio was moved to the
o@ce of the Chief Minister and the Department of Agriculture and Fisheries was
split into two units. Other departments charged with environmental responsibilities
include The Department of Lands and Surveys; The Department of Public Works;
The Department of Environmental Health and the ~e~art'ment of Tourism.
There are more than thirty ordinances, and regulations that have been enacted to
protect and manage Anguilla's environment including: Turtle Ordinance (# 6,
1984); Marine Parks Ordinance (#lo, 1982); National Trust Ordinance (#7, 1988);
Wild Bird Protection Ordinance (#11, 1972) and the Protection of Animals Act (#8,
1977).
The EP notes:
[Despite the large body of environmental legislation] some is undergoing revision,
some is outdated and needs revision and some has not been implemented
2: Anguilla has not yet developed a policy or establishedpriorities for terrestrial
conservation concerns.
The EP notes:
Anguilla possesses few large natural areas that are unaltered by agricultural or
built development. Some of these remaining natural areas should be considered
for protected area status even though most are privately owned. Since the vast
majority of land in Anguilla is held as small parcels in private ownership, fiture
pressure to develop these lands could result in the loss of the few remaining
natural areas. ~t ~res'ent there is no land trust or acquisition procedures to direct
this important land management responsibility of Government.
The EP lists three critical habitats that require protected status:
1: The speczfic area of Brimegin (see earlier comments) on the north cod between
Limestone Bay and The Fountain at Shoal Bay should be considered
critical habitat because this is the prime area where iguanas occur. In addition
there are many unique pockets of habitat with tall trees, Bromeliads and orchids.

2: fie area extending from Katouche Bay up the valley to Caoannagh Cave. It is
one of the last tracts of tall forest in Anguilla, with a great diversity of vegetation
and animal life within a relatively small area that has been relatively
undisturbed since early colonial times. fie Katouche Valley should be
considered as an alternative habitat for the threatened Iguana which did occur at
one time in the valley before hunting destroyed the population at this site.
3: Anguilla 's ofshore cays -particularly Dog Island and Middle Cay - are critical
habitat because they have large rookeries of several bird species, such as the
Sooty tern (Sterna fuscata), Brown Booby (Sula leucoaaster), Masked Booby
(Sula dactylata), and Noody Tern (Anous stolidug.
3: Strengthening tfte information base about Anguilla's biodiversity will enhance
Anguilla's capacity to develop more systematic biodiversity conservation
programs.
Comparatively little is known about Anguilla 's fauna andflora and aaUitiona1 and
continuing studies are required.
The EP states:
To conserve biodiversity requires at least a semi-quantitative knowledge about what
already exists, what is at risk, and what is needed to maintain species or habitat.
Anguilla should expand its information base about the natural environment in order
to be in a better position to establish priorities and examine options for natural
area protection and conservation.
Some research, data collection andpopulation monitoring of selected species can
be carried out by local NGO 's, older school children, and other community
organizations under the direction ofprofessional personnel, such as a Government
of Anguilla Conservation Oflcer, apost that has not yet been established by
Government.
4: Unregulated development in the coastal envitonmend wild, gnat addressed,
adversely affect wildlife habitats and reduce wildlife resources.

The EP notes:
More than 100 migratory bird species have been recorded in the Lesser Antilles ..
Salt ponds are especially critical as habitat for several aquatic birdspecies ..
Fortunately, most of Anguilla 's approximately 20 salt ponds are relatively
untouched and continue to provide healthy habitat. However, development pressure
on salt ponds is rising and likely to increase.
Too often salt ponds are viewed unfavorably and as being "little more than .. putrid
breeding grounds for insects" There is little awareness of their biological
importance as resting sites for migratory birds and as natural sediment traps
protecting coral reefs.
The Environmental Profile recommends that the filling of salt ponds should be
avoided and that the management of Anguilla's wildlife resources should be
specifically vested in a conservation officer. Further, the document recommends
that mangroves be fully protected as they serve as valuable avian habitats and
provide ''storm wave buffer protection."
An increasing growth in tourism and a realization that visitors appreciate clean
beaches, pristine reefs and clean water has led to a growing awareness of the
benefits of preserving the coastal zone. There remains, however a belief that
terrestrial habitats, such as the remaining stands of natural woodland, is simply
"bush" of little value except as potential sites for development.
5: Broader-based, long-term community support for resource management and the
environment will require a change in attitudes which can be best achieved
through the implementation of both formal and non-formal environmental
education programs.
The EP notes:
At the present time, there is no overall strategy or curriculum for environmental
education in Anguillian schools. However, certain aspects of environmental
education are alrea4 infised into some primary and secondary subjects, such as
sciences, geography and social studies.

Formal and informal approaches to environmental education are essential to
increasing both public awareness about environmental issues and support for
environmental programs. Community-focused events, such as clean-up campaigns,
poster competitions, radio talk shows, news articles, speaker forums, exhibitions
and the like can contribute significantly to the average citizen's environmental
awareness.
The EP concludes:
Together, the Government and Anguilla 's environmental NGO 's canfind ways to
cultivate and nurture a more active public/private sector partnership. Such
partnerships elsewhere in the Caribbean have resulted in joint programs which
have strengthened and advanced resource conservation goals.
The key factor is to mobilize and sustain community participation in a variety of
environmental education programs and activities, whether they are implemented in
formal or informal educational settings.
This sounded like a rallying call for RARE Center. For the past five years RARE
Center for Tropical Conservation has committed its financial resources to funding
Conservation Education Campaigns within the wider Caribbean region.
RARE Center believes that for conservation to become part and parcel of a person's
daily lifestyle the region's natural resources must pay tangible dividends in the form
of income generation and employment. At the same time, people must understand the
fragility of these resources and the need to preserve them to ensure that rural
development is sustainable.
RARE Center S program of trail financing strives to contribute to the development of
resource-based tourism. Carefully planned trails can generate revenue and jobs, while
at the same time preserving ecosystems critical for soil and water conservation, as
well as wildlife habitat.
RARE Center's Conservation Education Campaign (CEC) strives to build national
environmental awareness by promoting resource protection through pride. We believe
that national self-esteem can be a powerfbl force for advancing the conservation
message.

RARE Center believes that widespread grass-roots support for conservation can be
generated using proven marketing techniques, with colorful buds as flagship species
and national pride as the emotive key. This support translates into an advocacy for
wildlife conservation that can be used to promote a more general environmental ethic.
Since 1988 our CEC campaign has been a cornerstone of RARE Center S work in the
Caribbean. Indeed, over the past five years RARE Center has committed more than
US$500,000 to this program, which has reached out to more than 1.25 million people
in twelve countries of the wider Caribbean.
Using a target animal, such as an endemic or endangered bud, these campaigns focus
attention on the species itself and on the habitat within which it lives. Outreach techniques
include posters, badges, songs, billboards, bumper stickers, music videos,
puppet shows, school presentations and church sermons; (see section 3.0).
RARE Center also believes that for conservation to be a reality action must come
'%om within". Environmental education programs must be implemented by local
people, having a knowledge, understanding and concern for the ecological, social,
political and economic realities of their own country.
Believing this, RARE Center's programs are always implemented in partnership with
government agencies and local groups in host countries; because conservation is only
sustainable when it is locally supported and maintained.
When the topic of RARE Center assistance to Anguilla first arose and was put before
the organization's board for consideration, there was some discussion as to the level of
priority, it should be given. Anguilla is not only small in size but it also lacks an
endemic avian species considered a pre-requisite for an effective CEC program.
Several board members argued in favor of assisting the island and it was decided that
RARE Center's Director for Conservation Education should visit the Anguilla to determine
needs and local interest in conservation education. This he, Paul Butler, did in
September 1993.
Butler met with Mr David Carty, Parliamentary Secretary having the portfolio for
Education and The Environment. Mr Carty was very interested in RARE Center's
approach to conservation marketing and formally requested RARE Center assistance in
funding a conservation education program. Mr Carty nominated his "Ministry" to
serve as lead agency and Ms Bonnie Warner to serve as the project's designated
counterpart.

Bonnie Warner Flemming was originally assigned to Anguilla as a Peace Corps
volunteer in 1986. After completing her two year stint she married an Anguillian and
begun work as a teacher in the island's only secondary school. In November 1992
Bonnie was reassigned to the UNDP project, specifically to develop a formal and
informal Environmental Education program for schools and the community. She
begun this work in January 1993 and spent her time working on the Anguilla CEP
report, setting up two environmental clubs at the Albena Lake Hodge Comprehensive
School, compiling an Environmental Education Library, publishing environmental
articles in local publications, facilitating the first National Forum on SIDS, developing
materials and conducting workshops, and facilitating radio programs.
These clubs have been involved in a number of environmental projects including
beautification activities, marine regulation sign erection, a partnership project with the
Department of Fisheries and Marine Resources, mangrove plantings, etc.
The lead agency (Department of Education) is the organization selected to oversee the
implementation of the campaign and is responsible for logistical support, accounting
for finances donated, and providing a linkage between the counterpart and the
government.
The Conservation Education Campaign strives not only to promote an awareness of
the target species and its habitat, but also to help the lead agency build name
recognition for itself, and to prepare its officers for the continuation of program
components after RARE Center assistance ceases.
The extent of day to day involvement by a lead agency will depend upon the qualities
of the counterpart. Where the counterpart is self-starting, motivated and capable, the
lead agency's role is minor. A less experienced counterpart requires greater
supervision and a more active role for the lead agency.
A good counterpart is the key to a successful CEC campaign, for it is the counterpart's
responsibility to implement the program on a day to day basis. The individual selected
needs to be self-starting, highly motivated, outgoing and willing to work long hours.
A critical first step, and a pre-requisite to implementing RARE Center S Conservation
Education Campaign, is the selection of a target species. Ideally the target species
should be endemic, (symbolizing the uniqueness of the host country); reside in a
critical habitat, (providing a focus for the project); and be "marketable".

David Carty confirmed that Anguilla lacked a suitable target species based on these
pre-requisites, neither did the island have a national bird upon which to hook the
program. Butler proposed that Anguilla hold an election for a national bird and that
the winning candidate be the target species. Carty liked the idea of holding an
election for a national bird, stating that with general elections on the horizon there was
election fever in the air, and therefore the time was right for an initiative of this sort.
Writing in his trip report Butler noted:
JThile Anguilla lacks an endemic or endangered bird, the government is clearly
committed to conservation and eager to host a CEC-style education program. lhis
eagerness is manifested in its willingness to commit a counterpart and to provide the
necessary services of a lead agency. As such I urge our organization to consider an
assistance program for Anguilla.
Based upon Butler's findings RARE Center S Board of trustees voted to commit funds
to a limited assistance CEC campaign in Anguilla.
RARE Center's limited assistance programs provide a copy of our CEC manual,
about US$ 5,000 to cover core materials, and a small technical assistance grant in the
hope that a local counterpart will implement some if not all the various tasks outlined
in our manual: Promoting Protection thru Pride. Limited assistance programs aim to
consolidate and empower existing national efforts at environmental education.
The benefits to be accrued from a successful project would be:
1) From the conservation point of view the programme would be valuable because the
public support generated could be used by the government to implement additional
initiatives necessary to protect lands which are critical both as wildlife habitat
and for water resource protection.
2) The training of local personnel in conservation education should make the program
sustainable beyond the initial involvement of RARE Center, and might
subsequently be adapted to cover other environmental concerns.

RARE Center's philosophy can be summarized as follows:
- Wildlife protection through legislation and reserve establishment is not suflcient if
laws are not eflective, enforced and understood by the local people. Too often a
country 's public is apathetic toward environmental issues and ignorant of
legislation protecting wildlife and its habitat.
RARE Center S broad-based education project is designed to generate a pride in the
environment which leads to a greater appreciation and understanding for established
reserves and the laws that protect them.
- Any conservation programme relying exclusively on foreign aid is doomed to failure
when funk are exhausted.
To ensure continued funding RARE Center encourages local businesses to support
efforts through their financing materials that link them to the conservation cause.
- Reliance on external assistance does not provide local conservationists with lasting
tools to enact or continue their work.
Involving and training local people in every aspect of the project promotes a greater
in-country commitment which lasts long after foreign agency involvement ceases.
In November 1993, David Catty on behalf of the Government of Anguilla signed an
official Memorandum of Understanding with RARE Center for Tropical Conservation.
Following instructions given in W Center's CEC manual, Anguilla held an
election for a national bird in December 1993.
A nominating committee was formed comprising:
Chief Minister
Parliamentary Secretary (Education & Environment)
Education Officer, Curriculum
Representative National Youth Council
Representative Community Development
Representative National Trust
Representative National Council for Women
Representative Environmental Club

The nominating committee proposed three candidates: The Brown Pelican, the
American Kestrel and the Turtle Dove (Zenaida Dove).
With assistance from RARE Center and VIREO photographs of each were supplied in
order that local school children could make up campaign posters complete with a
write-up on each of the three candidates.
Informational ads were placed on Radio Anguilla , and ran both morning and evenings
from November 23rd to December 1st. Members of the ~nvironmental Club of the
Albena Lake Hodge Comprehensive School spoke on behalf of the three candidates,
with Kalidah Banks "representing" the American Kestrel; Ardel Joseph the Brown
Pelican and Nicolette Adams the Turtle Dove. Local newspapers rallied to the cause
and published articles on the election, see Appendix 1.
In their speeches, and on the election posters each candidate presented themselves by
highlighting the reasons why "they" believed themselves to be suited to carry the
honor of serving as Anguilla's national bird. Such that:
The Brown Pelican said:
Vote for me! I'm an endangered seabird, which means I'm almost extinct. Your
grand children may never see a Brown Pelican if my nesting ground is not protected
from development. I lay 2 or 3 white eggs in my nest on the ground or in bushes or
small trees throughout the Caribbean, but now there are very few places like
Anguilla where I can nest. People love to watch me glide over the sea and dive for
fish to store in my pouch. I am a beautlfirl bird with a six- foot wing span, andI'm
44 to 55 inches long. Please help me to survive.
The American Kestrel said:
Vote for me! I'm a hanakome little falcon, 9-12 inches, with long pointed wings and
a large head I'm also your most common hawk, and I have sharp eyesight. Watch
me hover in the air over large, open areas while I search for lizarak and insects to
eat. I live on small Caribbean islank in open country in trees or palms, but there
aren't many of us on Anguilla. Between February and July I lay 2 to 4 eggs dotted
with brown. Listen for my shrill voice calling "Killy-killy-killy ", but please don't
trouble my nest! Have you noticed that our males are brighter in colour?

The Turtle Dove said:
Vote for me! I'm an 11-12 inch friendly dove with broad white tips on my tail
feathers. I have reddish-brown upper-parts and grey-brown or pink-purple
underparts. I nest in your bushes and trees or on the ground in the open country
where I can findplenty of seeds orfmits to eat.
In the early morning or evening hours you can hear my famzliar soft voice calling
"coo-coo-coo ". I am very popular because I won a bird competition in Anguilla in
1987, and I am found throughout the Caribbean. Please don't put me in a cage
because I'd rather be free; andplease don't disturb my two white eggs.
NOTE: On the turtle dove poster the Latin name was incorrectly referenced,
referring to the Mourning Dove, rather than the Zenaida Dove.
Following the nominating process, the Senior Environmental Club produced the
posters outlined above and constructed ballot boxes and ballot papers. These were
provided at all schools, post office delivery locations and key stores around Anguilla.
A total of forty-two polling stations were open from December 6th-13th, and during
that time more than 5,300 votes were cast (theoretically representing 60% of the
island's population). Each ballot station included posters of the various candidates,
ballot papers and a ballot box.
Local politicians and other key figures encouraged the populous, young and old, to get
out and vote. Ballot counting was carried out live over the local radio station with
discussion and considerable public participation. A total of 5,380 ballots were cast
with 146 being considered "spoiled". Results from the various polling stations are
shown in Table 1.
Totalled results were:
Zenaida Dove
American Kestrel
Brown Pelican
3,687 - with 70% of the popular vote
923 - with 18% of the popular vote
624 - with 12% of the popular vote
Subsequent to the election results being announced Bonnie Warner wrote to both
Mr Edison Baird (Mulister of Social Services) and Rev. John Gumbs (Parliamentary
Secretary) soliciting their assistance in having the results officially Gazetted.

A limited assistance CEC program commenced March 1 st 1994 using the new
national bird - The Zenaida Dove - as its target species.

Table 1: Results of National Bird Election by polling station
.............................................................
VOTING STATION KESTREL BROWN PELICAN TURTLE DOVE
The Valley
Secretariat 10
Valley Primary Sch. 93
ALHCS 7 8
Drug Store 3
Post Office 8
Cable & Wireless 6
Linette's Bakery 2 4
Ashley & Sons Groc 21
E & J Barber Shop 38
Valley Health Centre 11
Barclay's Bank 3
National Bank 6
Carib. Comm. Bank 9
S toney Ground
14 Stoney Ground Prim. 65
15 Watko Groc. 15
16 Prin. Alexandra Hosp 12
Little Dix
17 Hideaway Groc 2
Welches
18 Maxwell's Shop I
Island Harbour
19 Island Harbour Prim 1
20 Island Pub 8
21 Island Harbour Clinic 4
East End
22 East End Primary 18
23 East End Clinic 0
The Quarter
24 Albert's Grocery 3 0
25 J.W. Proctors Groc 4

Table 1: Results of National Bird Election by polling station
.............................................................
VOTING STATION KESTREL BROWN PELICAN TURTLE DOVE
Wallblake
26 Wallblake Airport 9 12
27 Hall's Unique Bakery 8 5
George Hill
28 Scotiabank 5 15
29 Hill Street Snackette 19 6
North Hill
30 Agatha's Groc 14
Sandy Ground
31 3C's Grocery 6
32 Johnno's Beach Shop 13
South Hill
33 Ollie's Bakery 14
34 Finefare Grocery 5
35 South Hill Clinic 2
Blowing Point
36 Road Primary 243 10
37 Amy's Bakery 18 15
38 Blowing Pt. Customs 41 41
West End
39 West End Primary 31 17
40 West End Clinic 3 22
41 Foods 95 6 19
42 A & C1s Grocery 16 8

2.0 ABOUT THE TURTLE DOVE
3his chapter provides some background infomation on the project's target species -
the Zenaida Dove, locally referred to as the Turtle Dove. Much of the following
information was extracted from a memo kindly provided by Dr Frank F. Rivera-Milan
from the Office of International Affairs of the US Fish & Wildlife Service, as well as:
Bond, J. (1980). Birds of the West Indies. Fourth Edition. Houghton Mifflin Co.
Boston, Mass.
Wiley, J. (1991). Ecology and Behaviour of the Zenaida Dove. Omitologia
Neotropical2:49-75.
Rivera-Milan, F. (1994). Standardization of roadside counts of Columbids in herto
Rico and on Vieques Island. US Department. Int. Natl. Biol. Surv. Resour. hbl.
No.197. 26pp.
2.1 Alternate (local names)
The Zenaida Dove, Zenaida aurita, is known by different names throughout the
Caribbean region. Seaside Dove: Mountain Dove, Pea Dove, Tourterelle, Tourterelle
Rouge, Gros Tourte, Sanjuanera, Guanaro, Tortola Cardosantera and, in Anguilla,
Turtle Dove.
2.2 Description
Adults are 11-12 inches (28-30 cm) and weigh about 150 g. The sexes are similar,
although males are generally larger and heavier than the females. Plumage coloration
varies considerably throughout their range, especially when comparing eastern and
western Caribbean populations. But in general the Zenaida Dove, is brown above and
reddy-brown (vinaceous) below. Its head and neck are more or less cinnamon, with
black spots on the wing coverts and violet-blue streaks above and below the ear coverts
that appear black from a distance. The sides of the neck are purple, and there
are white tips on the wings and tail feathers. The tail is rounded in shape.
Two calls are typical: The Advertisement Call ("Coo-oo Coo-oo Coo-oo'?, and the
Nest Call ("oooa-00-oo-oo"). The Advertisement Call can be given to attract possible
mates or to defend a territory from intruding mates. The Nest Call is usually given
near the nest, for example during nest exchanges by attending males or females.

2.3 Status and distribution
Zenaida aurita is common and widely distributed throughout the Caribbean. It also
occurs on the coast of the Yucatan Peninsula and adjacent islands, and is sometimes
seen in the Florida Keys.
While this species may be considered a habitat generalist, it is found mainly in
lowland, dry woodland and adjacent open country (Anguilla's woodland, bush-land,
caves and spring-fed salt ponds). It feeds on a wide variety of fruits and seeds and can
be seen feeding in open areas on the ground. Although it frequently perches on trees
or wires.
In Anguilla, loss of habitat from unnecessary clearing of bushes and trees is believed
to be the bird's greatest threat. The species is also occasionally hunted.
Both males and females attend the nest which is built in shrubbery and trees at low to
moderate elevations and sometimes on the ground.
Nesting activity peaks during the first six months of the year, but active nests can be
found year-round. Two white eggs are laid and the incubation period is about fourteen
days; the nestling period being twelve. A pair can attempt to nest several times
throughout the year.
The Zenaida Dove is the national bird of Anguilla.

3.0 TAKING ON THE TASKS
Qn late 1993, Anguilla's Parliamentary Secretary for Education and Environment
signed an official Memorandum of Understanding with RARE Center for Tropical
Conservation, and the limited assistance CEC project commenced March 1st 1994.
Under this Memorandum of Understanding RARE Center agreed to provide:
1) Assistance to the Government of Anguilla in "electing" a national bird. More
specifically, RARE Center would secure and provide colour photographs of those
birds that are nominated for such an election.
2) The part-time services of its Director of Conservation Education during the yearlong
campaign; approximately ten days of which would be spent in Anguilla
assisting Bonnie Warner Fleming with project implementation.
3) All travel and expenses incurred by the Director of conservation Education during
the performance of his duties as they pertain to this Project.
4) Two copies of RARE Center's manual : Promoting Protection Through Pride.
5) The sum of US$ 5,000 to cover materials and/or equipment to assist in
implementing the various tasks contained in the manual. * *
6) The sum of US$1,000 to cover RARE Center's costs for the production and
publication of a final report.
** This figure was subsequently increased slightly to provide for the production of
badges and posters.
The Government of Anguilla, (Ministry of Education and Environment) agreed to
facilitate, provide, and cover the cost of the following:
1) Coordinating the selection of a national or state bird, through the holding of
participatory "elections", such that the species so chosen represents the desires
of the Anguillian people.

2) Provide, and cover the costs of a counterpart who will spent not less than 33% of
his or her time working on the project and who will strive to implement those
tasks contained in our manual Promoting Protection Thru Pride that are deemed
applicable for Anguilla.
This counterpart would report directly to the Chief Education Officer in the
Department of Education.
3) To provide duty free entry for all materials and equipment imported for use during
the project.
4) Keep account of, and provide receipts for, all expenses incurred from the "core
funds" supplied under this Project.
5) The occasional services of a typistlsecretary, and assistance from the government
printing office, if required.
The value of RARE Center's contribution was approximately six thousand US dollars,
excluding the cost of technical services and travel-related expenses.
To facilitate, and guide, Bonnie Warner in her work RARE Center provided her with
its comprehensive manual Promoting Protection Through Pride.
This manual takes the counterpart through a year of activities. Commencing with the
distribution and analysis of a pre-project questionnaire to determine prevailing
knowledge and attitudes; through the development of a broad range of school and
community programs, to a post-project questionnaire that provides an unbiased
evaluation of the work carried out.
The manual's twenty-five tasks build upon one another to reach out into every
community, targeting people of all walks of life and age groups. Sample letters, press
releases and worked examples ire provided to ensure ease of use.
As the Anguillaproject was only a limited assistance campaign the counterpart and
her lead agency were under no obligation to attempt each and every one of th&e
tasks. Rather, they were encouraged to implement those that would serve to
consolidate and empower existing national efforts at environmental education.
The twenty-five program areas outlined in the manual are, highlighted on the
following page. Those marked with a double asterisk were not attempted by the
counterpart.

1 : Design and production of posters and badges *
2 : Preparation of a fact sheet
3 : Distribution of pre-project questionnaire
4 : Analysis of pre-project questionnaire
5 : Production of a school song
6 : Distribution of posters
7 : Production of a puppet show
8 : Design and construction of a Turtle Dove costume
9 : School visitation program @rimary & secondary)
10 : Bumper stickers **
11 : Competitions
12 : Songs
13 : Community outreach
14 : Environmental news sheet
15 : Sermon
16 : Billboards **
17 : Legislation leaflet **
18 : Music video
19 : Farmer visitation program* *
20 : Review of legislation**
21 : Stamps**
22 : A - Z of Bird life**
23 : Post-project questionnaire distribution
24 : Post-project questionnaire analysis
25 : Final report and recommendations
3.1 Production of Posters and badges
The production of posters and badges were coordinated by RARE Center as part of the
program's activities. They were funded under the core grant. Basic designs were
prepared by Bonnie Warner with assistance from art teacher Kathleen Sotiaux, the
Albena Lake Hodge Comprehensive School Environmental Club, and the National
Bird Nominating Committee.
Bonnie and her colleagues followed standard RARE Center format previously used on
in its Caribbean campaigns, with one major distinction. In previous campaigns
artwork for these items has been provided by US artists. In Anguilla the Dove featured
on both the poster and badge was drawn by a local school child - Lorin Richardson -
aged 15, under the supervision of Mrs. Sotiaux.

3.1.1 Posters
Subsequent to the election campaign that utilized hand-made posters of the three
campaign candidates, RARE Center's posters proved useful for drawing people's
attention to their new National Bird, the Turtle Dove. .
The poster's design highlights the bird itself - shown in full colour - and emphasizes
its symbolism as Anguilla's national bird.
The poster's title: LOVE OUR DOVE is printed in royal orange, with the word
ANGUILLA printed beneath it in blue.
The flags of Anguilla flank the title attempting to link the two symbols, and forge a
sense of national pride for this bird. The opening paragraph emphasizes the Turtle
Dove's need for habitat protection and the threats it faces. It reads:
The Turtle Dove is found inland throughout Anguilla nesting in trees, bushes, caves,
and on the ground. Anguilla is a natural habitat for the Turtle Dove with low
elevation and fairly open country of evergreen woodlands, bush-lands and spring-fed
salt ponds.
The poster solicits the readers' assistance, inviting them to help. Under Lorin's colour
rendition of the Zenaida Dove (which sits on a Frangipani tree and is backed by a
rainbow) are the words: SAVING OUR NATIONAL BIRD IS SAFlNG ANGUILLA ...
Here's How You Can Help.
* Stop unnecessary clearing of bushes and trees - plant them instead.
* Don't release goats and cats to the wild - goats eat bushes; cats eat birds.
* The Turtle Dove is a wild bird - they don't make good pets
* Stop filling in ponds - plant mangroves
* Don't litter - it's harmful to birds
* Join an environmental club

The poster concludes with the following summary statement:
THE DOVE IS A SYMBOL OF PEACE AND LOVE
Sponsoring and collaborating agencies are acknowledged with their logos. These
include: RARE Center for Tropical Conservation; The MacArthur Foundation; The
Anguilla Conservation Society; The Anguilla National Trust; Germantown Academy;
Anguilla Marine Heritage Society; The Anguilla Archaeological and Historical
Society, Department of Education.
A total of 500 posters were provided to the Department of Education. (See figure 3
and section 3.5).
3.1.2 Badges
Badges featuring the Zenaida Dove and the wording:
LOW OUR DOE
ANGUI.
helped to advertise the target species and to convey the message of affection and
appreciation. Lorin Richardson's artwork was used on the 1" circular badges, which
were trimmed in light blue.
RARE Center provided Anguilla with 2000 badges which were used primarily during
the school visitation component of the project, (see section 3.8). The badges were also
distributed widely throughout the island with help from Government Departments
such as Community Development, Public Works and the Adult Education Unit.

-
I
I
I
LOVE OUR
$ilWiN.C OUR NATIONAL BIRD IS SAWING ANlGUlLLA
Here's How You Can Help
~t Stop unnecessary clearing of bushes and trees - plant them instead PC
PC Don't release goats and cats to the wild - goats eat bushes; cats eat birds PC
PC The Turtle Dove is a wild bird - they don't make good pets PC
PC Stop filling in ponds - plant mangroves
PC Don't litter - it's harmful to birds PC
PC Join an environmental club PC
THE DOVE IS A SYMBOL OF PEACE AND LOVE

3.2 Fact Sheet
Using information provided by RARE Center, (see section 2.0) as well as that taken
from various other sources, counterpart Bonnie Warner prepared a fact sheet on the
Zenaida Dove and its home. The single photocopied sheet is printed on both sides and
folded in three.
The cover page shows a black and white sketch of the Turtle Dove with the wording
Turtle Dove : Fact sheet. It also gives the local and Latin name of the Zenaida Dove
and emphasizes its symbolism as Anguilla's National Bird.
Inside sheet:
This includes a description of the Turtle Dove, its range and status. It describes its
principal foods and its feeding habits. The page also describes the Turtle Dove's
habitat and the threats it faces.
The leaflet includes some information on the protective legislation afforded Turtle
Dove, noting:
AnguiNa 's Wild Birds Protection Ordinance nee& to be updated to protect our
National Bird year-round The existing legislation lists doves by their local names
andprovides for a "Close Season" from February 1st to July 15th during which time
it may be hunted
The fact sheet also makes note of an apparent ambiguity in the law. A legislative
amendment has been passed which extends the "Closed Seasony' on the "Mountain
Dove" from October 31st to August 9th. While the Zenaida Dove is hown by this
name in some other Caribbean Islands, neither it, nor any other local doves, are
referred to as such in Anguilla.
The reverse page:
This page emphasizes ways to care for the National Bird, such as by creating
suitable habitat in your own yard. A list of practical ideas is given as to what can' be
done to encourage the creation such habitat and also some notes on foods which
should and should not be put out for wild birds.

This page also stresses on the importance of trees in our lives and in the lives of
Anguilla's wildlife. It notes:
Trees are environmental wonders to respect and cherish. They release moisture
which forms rain clouh; they release oxygen and remove pollutants; they prevent the
erosion of top soil; serve as wind breaks; offer shade; andprovide homes for insects,
animals and bird.
To date about 500 fact sheets have been distributed to all school-age children as well
as to selected community groups, musicians, churches and at other venues providing
recipients with a factual summary of the Zenaida Dove.
See appendix 2
3.3 Pre-project questionnaire
Prior to the conservation education program described in this report a number of
organizations and agencies have been working in the environmental education arena:
As we have noted in section 1.3 there is no overall strategy or curriculum for
environmental education in Anguillian schools. However, certain aspects of environmental
education are already infused into some primary and secondary subjects, such
as sciences, geography and social studies.
The Environmental Profile (1993) summarizes on-going environmental education
efforts, occurring at that time. Quoting, these were:
*An environmental resource library is being developed and a biologist retained with
UNDPjirnding to adapt scientific literature on Anguilla kflora andfauna for class
room teaching (see earlier).
* The Department of Fisheries and Marine Resources recently coordinated the
publication of a brochure targeted at resident and visiting boat owners and
yachtsmen, with information about local conservation laws and marine resource
management areas. Another booklet, entitled Anguilla S Marine Resources:
Threatened Treasures, is targeted at tourists and residents; and a poster plus a slide
presentation on coral reefs was prepared for the general public.
* The Anguilla Archaeological and Historical Society sponsors a variety of events,
talks, competitions, exhibitions andfield trips which are open to the community.

Despite these efforts no previous attempt has been made to gauge their effectiveness
or to ascertain local attitudes about the Anguilla's wildlife and natural resources.
For this reason one of the first priorities of the CEC project was to conduct a nationwide
questionnaire survey, (see appendix 3).
This questionnaire sewed a number of purposes:
1. To determine the existing levels of knowledge about the Turtle Dove; viz a viz
whether local people knew
- Its status as Anguilla's National Bird
- Its range
- How scarce is it
2. To determine existing levels of knowledge about its habitat and the extent and
importance of protected areas in Anguilla.
3. To ascertain changes in attitude over the project's duration, the questionnaire asked
respondents:
- Is it important (and why) to protect our National Bird?
4. To determine when Anguillians listen to the radio, their favorite programs and how
many read the local newspaper. The answers to these questions would help to
ascertain the type and format of educational materials to be developed.
5. To involve local people in the conservation program at the outset of the project
by giving them questionnaires to distribute among the communities within which
they live.
4. To begin developing an interest in the Zenaida Dove.
3.3.1. The Questionnaire
The basic questionnaire format was taken from the manual provided by RARE Center
and editedlamended by counterpart Bonnie Warner and students from the Junior and
Senior Environmental Clubs of the Albena Lake Hodge Comprehensive School who
were to serve as enumerators. It was deliberately kept short since the questions were
to be read out to the respondents - a lengthy process. The survey forms included the
following questions:

Question 1 : What is Anguilla 's National Bird?
This was an open question with a blank space provided for the respondents' answer.
During analysis responses were collated under five categories:
- Turtle Dove
- American Kestrel (Glly Killy)
- Brown Pelican
- Other
- Don't know
The correct response being the Turtle Dove.
After answering this question, respondents were informed that the Zenaida or
Turtle Dove was Anguilla's National Bird
Question 2: Is it found all over Anguilla?
Three options were given
- Yes.
- No.
- Don't Know
The correct answer is Yes.
Question 3: How scarce is our National Bird?
This was an open question, during analysis the responses were categorized into five
options:
Less than 100
101 - 250
251 - 500
501 - 1000+
Don't know
Although no research has been conducted lately, it is believed that the Turtle Dove
population exceeds 1,000

Question 4: What is most needed for our National Bird to survive?
This was an open question, during analysis the responses were categorized into seven
options:
- Food
- Shelter
- Air
- Water
- TreesIBush
- Other
- Don't know
While several factors threaten the Turtle Dove, the greatest threat is considered to be
habitat destruction. As such Treeshush was deemed to be the "correct" answer.
Question 5: Should we protect our National Bird?
Three options were given as a possible response:
- Yes
- NO
- Don't Know
There is no "correct" answer.
Question 6: Is there a law against killing it?
Three options were given as a possible response.
- Yes
- NO
- Don't know
There is a Closed Season from February 1 st to July 15th during which all of
Anguilla's wildlife, including the Turtle Dove, is protected.

Question 7: Is there law against illegally clearing land?
Three options were given as a possible response:
- Yes
- No
- Don't know
The correct answer is yes.
Question 8: Is it important that we protect our National Bird?
Four options were provided:
- Not important
- Important
- Very important
- Don't know
There is no "correct" answer.
Question 9: Why?
This question follows on from #8 allowing the respondent to elaborate "why" a
particular response was given. For analysis these responses were categorized into:
- SymboVpride
- Uniquelrare
- Tourismlculture
- Future generations
Not important
Other
- Don't know
There is no correct answer.
THERE WAS NO QUESTION 10

In addition to the above questions, respondents were asked to provide the following
bio-data and other personal details. It should be noted here that the questionnaires
were anonymous.
Question 11 : mat is your age ?
For the purposes of analysis, the responses were collated in the following groupings:
- 1-1 1 years
- 12-16
- 17-25
- 26-35
- 36-45
- 46-55
- 56-65
- 66 +.
Question 12: What is yourjob ?
For the purposes of analysis, responses were collated into the following groupings:
- Government employee
- Casual worker
- Farmer/fisheman
- Private sector
- Unemployed
- Housewife
- Students
- Other
Question 13: men do you listen Radio ZNS?
Eight options were provided:
- 6.00 am - 7.30 am
- 7.30 am -9.00 am
- 9.00 am - 12 noon
- 12 noon - 2.00 pm
- 2.00 pm - 6.00 pm
- 6.00 pm - 8.00 pm
- 8.00 pm - 10.30 pm
- Don't listen to the radio

Question 14: Which is your favourite type ofprogram ?
Nine options were provided:
News Music
Sports GIs
Church Soaps
- Documentaries - Other
- Don't listen
Question 15: Do you read The Light Newspaper ?
Two options wcrc providcd:
- Yes
- No
See appendix 3.
3.3.2. Questionnaire distribution
During the pre-project phase, two hundred questionnaires were distributed (representing
a sample size of approximately 2% of the entire country). For the purposes of
distribution and analysis counterpart Bonnie Warner sub-divided Anguilla into nine
sectors.
Table 2 : illustrates pre-project questionnaire distribution.
SECTOR POPULATION # DISTRIBUTED
West End
South Hill
Blowing Point
Sandy Ground
Valley
Stoney Ground
Island Harbor
East End
Farrington

Enumerators were drawn from The Albena Lake-Hodge Comprehensive
Environmental Club, volunteer teachers from several schools and the National Bird
Nominating Committee members. It was emphasized to the enumerators that the
questionnaires were anonymous and were numbered only for collation purposes, as
well as to monitor return rates. They were told that it was better to return ten properly
completed forms than thirty fakes.
One hundred and fifty-eight questionnaires were returned for analysis. (A return rate
of 79%).
A questionnaire is only as good as the enumerators that do the survey. There appeared
to be no evidence of enumerators forging responses. When all is said and done, the
study is not some super -scientific exercise but rather to provide a handle on changes
in attitude and a rallying call for the commencement of the conservation education
campaign.
3.3.3. Analysis of pre-project questionnaire
Questionnaire analysis followed procedures laid down in RARE Center's training
manual and results were coded first by sectors (community), and then consolidated to
give an island-wide average.
Because of a lack of suitable computer facilities (BM compatible) the survey was
analyzed by staff at RARE Center's Saint Lucia office. All inputed data is held on
disk and avaiIable for scrutiny or additional examination.
Table 3 summarizes questionnaire results by sectors. These were then consolidated to
give the following nation-wide results:

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.......................................................................................................
QUESTION RESPONSE 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 NATIONWIDE
BLO EAS FAR ISL SAN SOU ST0 VAL WES
Is there a Yes 25.0 45.0 36.8 40.0 33.3 20.0 14.3 22.7 20.0 28.6
law against No 25.0 35.0 26.3 40.0 45.8 26.7 42.9 54.5 20.0 35.1
killing it Don ' t Know 50.0 20.0 36.8 20.0 20.8 53.3 42.9 22.7 60.0 36.3
Ie there a Yes 50.0 30.0 36.8 25.7 45.8 26.7 42.9 31.8 20.0 34.4
law against No 8.3 25.0 26.3 34.3 16.7 53.3 19.0 27.3 30.0 .26.7
illegally Don ' t Know 41.7 45.0 36.8 40.0 37.5 20.0 38.1 40.9 50.0 38.9
clearing land
Importance of Not important 0.0 5.0 15.8 2.9 4.2 0.0 0.0 4.5 10.0 4.7
protecting our Important 16.7 30.0 36.8 28.6 29.2 20.0 19.0 9.1 60.0 27.7
~ational Bird Very important 83.3 60.0 42.1 62.9 66.7 73.3 81.0 81.8 30.0 64.6
0- Don ' t Know 0.0 5.0 5.3 5.7 0.0 6.7 0.0 4.5 0.0 3.0
Why important Symbol/pride 41.7 10.0 15.8 17.1 33.3 20.0 38.1 13.6 10.0 22.2
Unique/rare 25.0 10.0 15.8 11.4 29.2 13.3 14.3 4.5 30.0 17.1
Tourism/culture 0.0 10.0 5.3 11.4 4.2 0.0 0.0 4.5 0.0 3.9
Future gen. 0.0 5.0 15.8 5.7 4.2 0.0 19.0 18.2 30.0 10.9
Not important 0.0 5.0 5.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 4.5 10.0 2.8
Other 33.3 35.0 15.8 31.4 20.8 26.7 14.3 22.7 10.0 23.3
Don t Know 0.0 25.0 26.3 22.9 8.3 40.0 14.3 31.8 10.0 19.8

.......................................................................................................
QUESTION RESPONSE 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 NATIONWIDE
BLO EM FAR ISL SAN SOU ST0 VAL WES
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Employment Governmen t 0.0 15.0 42.1 20.0 20.8 26.7 28.6 18.2 20.0 21.3
casual worker 0.0 5.0 0.0 11.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 4.5 0.0 2.3
~armer/Fisherman 0.0 0.0 5.3 5.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.2
Private sector 33.3 5.0 10.5 14.3 12.5 20.0 19.0 18.2 0.0 14.8
Unemployed 0.0 0.0 5.3 5.7 0.0 6.7 0.0 4.5 0.0 2.5
Housewife 16.7 10.0 0.0 5.7 0.0 6.7 0.0 4.5 10.0 6.0
student 33.3 45.0 36.8 25.7 62.5 33.3 42.9 45.5 40.0 40.6
Other
16.7 20.0 0.0 11.4 4.2 6.7 9.5 4.5 30.0 11.4
Listen to 6.00-7.30 16.7 40.0 52.6 42.9 33.3 26.7 38.1 31.8 30.0 34.7
Radio ZNS 7.30-9.00 25.0 10.0 0.0 11.4 4.2 33.3 14.3 13.6 30.0 15.8
9.00-12.00 16.7 0.0 5.3 2.9 16.7 6.7 4.8 9.1 0.0 6.9
12.00-2.00 0.0 5.0 0.0 2.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10.0 2.0
2.00-6.00 8.3 0.0 0.0 2.9 12.5 0.0 0.0 4.5 0.0 3.1
6.00-8.00 8.3 15.0 21.1 8.6 20.8 13.3 9.5 13.6 10.0 13.4
8.00-10.30 8.3 5.0 10.5 8.6 8.3 13.3 23.8 13.6 20.0 12.4
Don't listen 16.7 25.0 10.5 20.0 4.2 6.7 9.5 13.6 0.0 11.8
What is your News 16.7 25.0 47.4 28.6 25.0 26.7 42.9 31.8 40.0 31.5
favourite Music 8.3 20.0 10.5 11.4 29.2 0.0 0.0 4.5 0.0 9.3
program sports 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 6.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.7
GIs 8.3 0.0 0.0 2.9 0.0 6.7 4.8 0.0 0.0 2.5
Church 8.3 5.0 10.5 2.9 8.3 13.3 4.8 0.0 10.0 7.0
Soaps 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Documentaries 0.0 0.0 0.0 8.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 9.1 0.0 2.0
Other 33.3 25.0 15.8 25.7 25.0 26.7 33.3 31.8 30.0 27.4
Don't listen 25.0 25.0 15.8 20.0 12.5 20.0 14.3 22.7 20.0 19.5

.......................................................................................................
QUESTION RESPONSE 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 NATIONWIDE
BLO EAS FAR ISL SAN SOU ST0 VAL WES
Do you read Yes 50.0 50.0 73.7 45.7 62.5 46.7 61.9 81.8 40.0 56.9
The Light No 50.0 50.0 26.3 54.3 37.5 53.3 38.1 18.2 60.0 43.1
Newspaper
- -
-
KEY
w
2 BLO = Blowing Point
EAS = East End
FAR = Farrington
ISL = Island Harbour
SAN = Sandy Ground
SOU = South Hill
ST0 = Stony Ground
VAL = Valley (Capital)
WBS = West End
Tdc3: pRE PROJECT : Results summary

3.3.3.1 Results of pre-project questionnaire
ISLAND WIDE DATA
Question 1: What is Anguilla's National Bird?
Response : Turtle Dove Killy Killy
Brown Pelican
Response : Other
Don't Know
A large number (91 %) of respondents were aware that the Turtle Dove was the
National Bird. With the National Bird Election fiesh on the minds of Anguillians this
was not a surprise.
Question 2: Is it found all over Anguilla?
Response: Yes No Don 't know
Most respondents believed that the Turtle Dove is found all over Anguilla. Again this
is not surprising as the Zenaida Dove is a common and widespread species on
Anguilla, with a call familiar to most Anguillians. Bonnie did report that there was
confusion amongst some respondents as to which dove was the National Bird, ie the
Common Ground Dove and the Zenaida Dove. Hopefully the poster (see section
3.1.1) will clear this up.
Question 3: How scarce is our National Bird?
Response : Less than I00 101 - 250 250 - 500 501 - 1000+ Don't know
% : 3.3 9.4 12.5 43.1 31.7

Although 43% of respondents believed that there are quite a few Turtle Doves on the
island (ie in excess of 500+), more than 30% of the respondents stated that they did
not know the population size.
Question 4: What is most needed for it to survive?
Response : Food Shelter Air Water Trees/Bush Other Don't know
While food, shelter, air, water and suitable habitat are all required to ensure the
survival of the Turtle Dove and other species of Anguillian wildlife, the counterpart
wanted to determine if respondents understood that treestbush were seen as such.
Interestingly more than 20% did see the relationship between habitat preservation and
the survival of their national bird. Equally interesting is the fact that although
Anguilla is a very "dry" island, few respondents believed that water was needed for
the survival of their National Bird.
Question 5: Should we protect our National Bird?
Response : Yes No Don 't Know
A heartening 96% believe it to be very important to protect the National Bird. This
provides a useful base upon which the project can build and also offers insight into the
way Anguillians view their National Bird, and the pride they have for it. Hopefully
this fact can ultimately be used to strengthen wildlife laws and provide a rationale for
habitat protection.
Question 6: Is there a law against killing the National Bird?
Response : Yes No Don'tkkow
This question is difficult to analyze. Since people were not asked whether they knew
about the Open or Closed hunting season, and therefore they could say they knew the
law even if they did not.

However since the question will remain the same between the pre- and post- project
surveys it will still be useful to make comparisons between the two sets of data. See
section 4.2.2
Question 7: Is there a law against illegally clearing land?
Response : Yes No Don 't know
Clearly there is no universal knowledge as to the correct answer to this questions, with
responses fairly evenly split between the three options.
Question 8: Is it important that we protect our National Bird?
Response : Not important Important Very important Don't know
While this question appears at first glance to be very similar to that of Question 5, this
one asked the respondents whether it was important to put in place "a program" to
protect the National Bird, with implications of their being a cost attached to such an
option. It also provided (through question 9) a mechanism to determine why
respondents gave the answer they did.
Again, there is clear support for the preservation of the Zenaida (Turtle) Dove with
almost two-thirds of respondents replying "very important" and almost one-third
replying "important". Less than 5% think that it is not important to put in place a
program to protect Anguilla's newly elected National Bird.
Question 9: Why?
Response : Symbollpride Unique/rare Tourism/culture Future gen. Not important
Response : Other
Don't how

While there was a good spread of responses to the question "why should a program be
put in place to protect Anguilla 's National Bird' most respondents stated because the
bird was a national symbol. Throughout RARE Center's work in the Caribbean we
have found national pride to be a powerful motivating force.
BIO - DATA
THERE IS NO OUESTION 10
The questionnaire surveyed a broad section of the community, both in age and
employment categories. When consolidated the results broadly reflected the "real-life"
situation in Anguilla, although there was some bias towards students and government
employees. For example: In reality 8% of the work force is employed by government,
the CEC survey indicates about 21%. In reality 27% of the population attend school,
the CEC survey indicates about 40%.
Question 1 1 : Age
Question 12: Employment category
Response : Govt. Casual Farmer Private
Unemployed
Response : Housewife Student Other

Other biographical information obtained gave an insight into the media's impact on
the respondent's day to day lives. For example:
Question 13: When do you listen to Radio ZNS?
Response : 6.00-7.30 am 7.30-9.00 am 9.00-1 2 noon 12 noon - 2.00 pm
Response : 2.00-6.00 pm 6.00-8.00 pm 8.00-1 0.30 pm Don't listen
Over 85% of respondents listen to the local radio station, making this medium an
important one to utilize in getting the conservation message across to Anguillians.
Question 14: What is your favourite program?
Response : News Music Sports GIS Church Soaps Docmentaries Other
Response : Don 't listen
Respondents clearly enjoy listening to the news. Therefore in her program Bonnie
Warner should ensure that she and her colleagues issue a steady stream of press
releases to be aired on the local evening news, once again striving to ensure that the
conservation message reaches its target audience.
Question 15: Do you read The Light Newspaper?
Response : Yes
No
In Anguilla many people read the regional newspaper, The Herald and The Chronicle,
rather than The Light. Nevertheless using the local press would still reach more than
50% of the island's population.

A post-project questionnaire was carried out in February 1995 and the results are
given in section 4.2.2
3.4 Production of a School Song
An important and lively component of the school visitation component of the Anguilla
CEC program was the teaching of a simple school song about the Turtle Dove. This
served to re-enforce the message given and to leave the children with fun-filled
memories of their lesson. Teacher, Patricia Adams, from 1slbd Harbour School wrote
two Turtle Dove songs for use in the school's program; one for infants and grades 1-3,
and one for grades 4-6.
By singing these tunes over and over their information is indelibly imprinted into the
child's awareness in a fun and enjoyable format.
Song for preschoolers, infants and grades 1-3:
CHORUS
VERSE 1
CHORUS
Zenaida aurita
The bird of Anguilla
Zenaida aurita
Our little turtle dove
Please save the Turtle Dove
The little bird we love
Please save the Turtle Dove
The little bird we love
ZENAIDA AURITA
Zenaida aurita
The bird of Anguilla
Zenaida aurita
Our little Turtle Dove

VERSE 2
CHORUS
VERSE 3
CHORUS
Please leave it in the wild
It's gentle and it's mild
Please leave it in the wild
It's gentle and it's wild
Zenaida aurita
The bird of Anguilla
Zenaida aurita
Our little Turtle Dove
Please trouble not its nest
Just let it have its rest
Please trouble not its nest
Just let it have its rest
Zenaida aurita
The bird of Anguilla
Zenaida aurita
Our little Turtle Dove
(c) Music and lyrics: Patricia Adams

Song for grades 4-6:
CHORUS
VERSE 2
CHORUS
THE TURTLE DOVE SONG
VERSE 1 1
VERSE 3
Hear it coo in the early sunrise
See its coat as the little bird flies
Gently soaring towards the skies
What does the Turtle Dove say?
Coo-00,
Let mefly in the cool ofthe morning
Spread my wings when the new day 's dawning
Float in the air, with never a care
fiat's what the Turtle Dove says.
Gaily perched on the Cedar branches
Eating thistles and yellow cherries
Pecking all the tasty berries
What does the Turtle Dove say?
Coo-00,
Let me fly in the cool of the morning
Spread my wings when the new day 's dawning
Float in the air, with never a care
fiat's what the Turtle Dove says.
Quietly sleeping beneath the bright stars
Saved from all the strong killy band bars
Loved by friends in Anguilla
What does the Turtle Dove say?
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I

CHORUS
Coo-00,
Let me J2y in the cool of the morning
Spread my wings when the new day 's dawning
Float in the air, with never a care
That's what the Turtle Dove says.
(c) Music and lyrics: Patricia Adams
Song sheets were printed and cassettes made of the two school songs. These were
given to the island's seven primary and 9 pre- schools and the songs have been taught
to over 1,500 children in each and every school (excepting the secondary school) on
Anguilla. (See section 3.8 Appendix 4)
3.5 Distribution of Posters
A total of three hundred Zenaida Dove posters (see section 3 .l. 1) were received from
RARE Center in mid October 1994. Since then Bonnie Warner have coordinated the
distribution of them through the school visitation program and community outreach
activities. They have also been presented to banks, police stations, churches, health
clinics, hospital, all government offices, business houses, NWs, bars, shops and
other locations frequented by the public. Every recepient of a poster was encouraged
to get it framed or laminated for historical preservation.
At the time of writing 200 remain in stock. These will be given to respondents during
the post-project survey in February 1995.
3.6 Production of a Puppet Show
A puppet is an inanimate object moved by a human agency in some kind of theatrical
show . . . In an impersonal theater such as that of a puppet show, where the projection
of an actor's personality is lacking, the essential rapport between the player and his
audience must be established by other means. The audience must work harder; the
spectators must no longer be mere spectators, they must bring their sympathetic
imagination to bear andproject upon the impersonal mask of the player the emotions
of the drama.
Encyclopaedia Britannica (1 5)

Puppets are a fun, hands-on learning experience. RARE Center's education manual
Promoting Protection Through Pride describes how to make glove puppets and
recommends that the counterpart work with selected schools; and that they in turn take
"their7' puppets to neighbouring schools. The onus of follow up is therefore in the
hands of the teachers.
Glove puppets have a hollow cloth body that fits over the manipulator's hand; his or
her fmgers fit into the head and arms to give them motion; and the figure is viewed
from the waist up.
In early June 1994 members of the Junior Environmental Club of the Albena Lake-
Hodge Comprehensive Secondary School and their teacher-advisors, Pat Cambell, Ivy
Thompson-Carty, Kathleen Sotiaux and Bonnie Warner Fleming constructed the
theater, with materials purchased from core funds and also produced the puppets,
scenery and backdrop.
The puppet show script was prepared by the students themselves with assistance from
their teachers and Bonnie Warner. The puppeteers were also from the ALHCS school
(Junior Environmental Club) and included: Alex Ryan, Alecia Ryan, Audrea Hennis,
Joy Buchanan and Sayanora Richardson.
The completed puppet show was taken to all sixteen Re- and Primary schools on
Anguilla and shown to one thousand, four hundred and fifty children and their
teachers. It was also shown at various community events. In the words of Bonnie
Warner Fleming:
The show was designed to teach children to respect and care for their environment as
well as to protect their national bird - the Turtle Dove.

The puppet show script was as follows:
PUPPET SHO W
Setting
: A shrub forest scene, typical Zenaida aurita habitat.
Characters : Tourist
Boy - a young man clearing trees;
Bird -Turtle Dove
SCENE
Female tourist enters and says loudly in a strong English accent:
Tourist
What a lovely island, so many beautiful flowers and birds, oh how I am
enjoying myself
Loud chopping sound of a machete; tourist says to audience
Tourist
What's that, ... what's that chopping noise? I wonder if it is a giant
Woodpecker bird .. . do you know what it is?
Chopping noise gets louder and louder. Twigs are thrown at the tourist.
Tourist shouts
Tourist
Help! Help! What's going on?!!
Local boy appears carrying a big machete
BOY
Tourist
BOY
Hey man, what you doing here, yous in my way man, get outta de bush
or a tree will go fall on your head
Excuse me my good fellow, I was only walking in this lovely bush to see
if I could see a Turtle Dove.
Look man, de bush have trees and de trees is cleared for pasturing de
animals and for wood. With de wood we does make coal keel to cook our
food and I a farmer. So move yourself and leh me chop de tree and don't
worry about no stupid bird.

Turtle Dove appears behind tourist, yapping wildly and calling loudly:
Bird
Boy
Stupid bird, stupid bird ... who is calling me stupid bird?
Hold your tongue! You're nothing but a noisy old bag of feathers and if I
go trap you I'll sell you to de tourist or better still I'll put you in a cage
and eat you!
Boy runs towarak the Turtle Dove; the Turtle Dove opens his mouth wide
in shock, and screams:
Bird
I'm your NATIONAL BIRD, your pride, your love and joy and if you
trap me or kill me it will cost you money because I'm so special I'm
protected by law.
Tourist turns to Turtle Dove:
~ Tourist
Bird
Oh you are such a pretty bird! I came all the way from England just to
see you ... we don't have any Turtle Dove's in my country ... you are
very special.
Hear that boy? The woman here says I'm pretty and special! You're the
foolish one and lacking in national pride too. Do you know how many of
us are in the bush?
I
Bird
Boy
Tourist
If you don't stop running your mouth there won't be any of you Turtle
Doves left in the bush! And I'll eat you for my dinner! How you mean I
foolish?
Only a fool would destroy the land that feeds him ... and by chopping the
bush you are doing just that ... by leaving it open to erosion.
Hey man, dats a long word ... erosion .. don't try to sound clever wid me.
Chopping starts again and the boy throws more twigs at the audience.
.Stop! Stop! The bird is right! When you clear the bush it leaves the land
bare ... and the wind will blow the soil away ... and the rain will wash the
soil into the sea and kill the coral reefs ... soon the land will become a
desert and crops will not grow there ... and there will be nothing for the
animals to eat either!

Dat true! My fadder was jus telling me dat only a few years ago he got
endless bananas and mompouras from his land on de hill over dere. But
now he can't plant dem because de ground is too dry ... he say its dry
because all de big trees been chopped down dat used to make de rain
clouds. Dats one of de reasons me chopping dis new piece.
Bird
Boy
Bird
If you leave the big trees, they will protect the land, give you wood and
clean water ... the trees will give me food and a home ... and the trees
will also bring rain to Anguilla
But if I can't plant bananas and mompouras, what will my family eat?
Plant tree crops like oranges and mangoes on the hills ... and plant food
crops like peas and corn in the bottom ground. This is Anguilla's land
and we all need help to protect it.
That makes good sense ... besides chopping dese big trees is endless
work, and all my waist hurting. I'll leave the trees for you and go check
my bottom ground.
Bird
Boy
Also check the Agriculture Department ... maybe they can help you and
your family.
OK my bird ... because of your good advice I won't put you in a cage and
I won't kill you.
Boy walks off
Tourist
Bird
Perhaps if everybody begins to look after their environment then your
island will stay beautiful. I hope so because I want to come back to
Anguilla year after year!
I hope so too because I was born here ... this is my home and it is all I've
got.
Bird calls out to the audience:
Bird
It's your home too! Please help us to look after it ... bye bye.
Bird and tourist leave singing school song.

CHORUS
Zenaida aurita
The bird of Anguilla
Zenaida aurita
Our little turtle dove
Table 4 illustrates the various schools visited with the puppet show.
TABLE 4 : Puppet show school visitation
SCHOOL NAME
TOTAL # STUDENTS # ADDRESSED % ADDRESSED
St. Augustine Pre. sch
Island Harbour Pre
St. Marys Pre-school
Woodbine Pre-school
Church of God Pre-sch
Sandy Ground Pre-schoc
Maranatha he-school
Bethel Pre-school
Liz Pre-school
Gloria Omolulu In.
Stoney Ground
Moms Vanterpool
Valley Primary
Road Primary
West End Primary
Island Harbour
The puppet show was also covered by the local press and video-taped for use on the
local TV station' as part of an hour-lolig educational video entitled The Turtle Dove
and His Friends, produced by Sunshine Lady Productions Ltd.

3.7 Costume design and construction
To make the primary school visitation component of the program (see section 3.8.1)
more memorable, and following guidelines laid down in format 2 of RARE Center's
training manual, a Turtle Dove costume was designed and constructed. To compliment
the manual's instruction sheets, Bonnie was given a series of slides - provided
by RQRE Center - which showed the making of the other costumes. The finished
costume comprised a head piece, chest piece, feathers and tail. It closely follows
costumes used in CEC programs on Dominica, Saint Lucia, the Cayman Islands, the
Bahamas, Belize and Grenada.
Money to cover its construction were provided under the project's core funds, and the
costume was made by a local seamstress and Bonnie Warner Fleming. A member of
the Junior Environmental Club - Kyran Richardson, wore the costume for the duration
of the program, which was used in all six primary schools and shown to almost nine
hundred children.
The costumed bird was used to present badges and posters to those who participate in
the school's program (see section 3.8.1)
3.8 School visitation program
The objective of the school visitation program was to visit as many of Anguilla's
primary and secondary schools as possible during the project's initial year.
These visits would serve to introduce students to the Turtle Dove and afford Bonnie
an opportunity to talk not only about this species, but also about its habitat and some
of this country's other "feathered friends".
3.8.1 Primary school visit format
The team usually comprised three of four individuals - principally Bonnie Warner
Fleming , RARE Center's Alleyne Regis and music teacher Trevor Hodge together
with the costumed bird.
After a brief introduction which outlined the reasons for the visit, the children were
asked to shout out the local name of the National Bird.. They were told that if they
called loud enough, the Turtle Dove would fly down to visit them.
After several seconds of persistent screaming the costumed bird would "fly" into the
room and be presented to the excited children.

The children were then introduced to a selection of commoner species that they might
see around their school or home. The kids were asked to name some of them and
correct answers, or valiant attempts, were rewarded with a Turtle Dove badge, (see
section 3.1.2).
BonnieRegis then presented interesting facts about some of these birds. For example:
that Hummingbirds have long tongues used to obtain nectar and that they play an
important role in flower pollination. Bonnie or Regis then asked the kids questions
about these and other species of Anguillian birds.
These questions served to involve participating children and make the session
interactive and not simply a dull talk. It also afforded the kids an opportunity to win a
badge which was presented to them by the costumed Turtle Dove.
Emphasis was placed on the fact that Anguillian birds are really feathered fiends and
like all friends they help the people of Anguilla out in many different ways. Some,
such as the Grey Kingbird feed on flies and mosquitoes helping to keep their numbers
under control. While others, like the American Kestrel feed on mice that damage
crops and spread disease.
The children were then told of the laws that protect wildlife and urged not to kill birds
with their slingshots/catapults or stones.
Having introduced the children to some of the types of bud with which they are
familiar, Bonnie andlor Regis then proceeded to discuss the Zenaida Dove. RARE
Center and Caribbean Conservation Association bud posters provided the kids with a
visual of this species, and mention was made of where it lives and the threats it faces.
This led to the second section of the talk which describes the importance of bushes
and trees and the role they play; not simply as a wild place where birds and animals
live; but as a renewable source of wood for furniture and construction. BonnieRegis
emphasized that trees are also vital as guardians of soil and water supplies.
Children were invited to plant a tree in celebration of their birthday. They were told to
take a seed such as a mango and put it in a can with some soil, to water it regularly
and watch it grow. It could then be transplanted out in their garden and as it grows
bigger it will provide shade, fruit and a home for their new found feathered fiends.
In some cases children having a birthday on the day of the school visit were presented
with seedlings and badges.

This led on to the third section of the presentation ... the teaching of The Turtle Dove
Song - see section 3.4. Song sheets were distributed and the words written on the
black board.
The song's first few verses were played using a cassette recorder and the kids invited
to listen to the music to get its beat. The tape was then re-wound and all the children
joined in singing the song.
This served as a way of re-enforcing the message given, and an exciting and
memorable conclusion to the visit. Children were encouraged to sing louder with the
counterpart saying that the last school visited sang louder.
The talk concluded by congratulating the kids, thanking the teachers and presenting
the principal with some extra badges, song and fact sheets.
The entire program typically lasted no longer than 45 minutes, although its content
varied depending upon the ages of the children.
Wherever possible the entire school was addressed although in some of the larger
schools this was not possible in one visit.
A complete record was kept of the schools visited and numbers of students spoken to,
(see table 5).
TABLE 5 : Primary School visitation
SCHOOL NAME
TOTAL # STUDENTS # ADDRESSED % ADDRESSED
Stoney Ground 331 331 100
Morris Vanterpool 153 153 100
Valley Primary 435 150 35
Road Primary 365 134 37
West End Primary 90 90 100
Island Harbour 64 38
-
59
896

3.8.2 Secondary school visit format
There is only one secondary school on Anguilla. Bonnie visited this and spoke to the
Junior and Senior Environmental Clubs. Bonnie spoke about the Anguillian
environment, the types of habitat found and the importance of protecting same.
Bonnie described some of the species of wildlife found on Anguilla and then talked
about the Zenaida Dove.
3.9 ArtlEssay Competitions
This task was set aside. In a limited assistance program the local countelpart is
expected to implement some and not all the manual's tasks and to focus on those that
will consolidate and empower existing national efforts at environmental education.
However, a competition was held in the inaugural issue of DOVE TALES (see section
3.13). This invited children to send in the answers to five questions. Entries were
placed into a box and a winner drawn. This individual received a Zenaida Dove poster
and badge. The questions to be answered were:
* What is wildlife?
* About how many species of bird are there in the world?
* What foods make birds sick?
* About how many species of bird are found in Anguilla?
* How can you create a bird habitat in your yard?
The answers to these questions could be found in the Dove Tales publication itself, in
the fact sheet and from the school presentations.
Other competitions are a regular feature in school life in Anguilla.
3.10 Bumper Stickers
This task war set aside. In a limited assistance program the local countelpart is
expected to implement some and not all the manual's tasks and to focus on those that
will consolidate and empower existing national efforts at environmental education.

3.11 Songs
To attract a wider audience, and to cany the conservation message out into the
community, local musicians were invited to lend support to the program and to donate
their time and talents through the production of songs.
Local teacher Marvin Gumbs wrote the following Calypso for the project which was
arranged by Brother Lee, with music by Mega Force and vocals by Singing Stacy
(Stacy Bemier) and Sherma Hughes. The words of the song are as follows:
VERSE 1
THE TURTLE DOVE - OUR NATIONAL BIRD
CHORUS
VERSE 2
Oh how brilliantly and beautifully covered
Is the Turtle Dove our National Bird
With uniqueness in its humility
A true reflection of our country
This Zenaida turtle dove
Is really a symbol of peace and love
Soar gentle one way in the sky
Soar humble one in esteem, adorable and high
Spread your wings and take us aloft
Over every mountain roof and tree-top
Adorned with gentilify and love
Our National Bird, the Turtle Dove
We must respect and be empowered
To protect and preserve our National Bird
The Dove flying freely everywhere
Would be a mark of freedom here
Let us with pride and dignity
Adore the National Bird of our country

CHORUS
VERSE 3
CHORUS
Soar gentle one way in the sky
Soar humble one in esteem, adorable and high
Spread your wings and take us aloft
Over every mountain roof and tree-top
Adorned with gentility and love
Our National Bird. the Turtle Dove
The Dove has a place in every heart
And we are all aware of that
Now every man, woman and child
Look upon this bird with a smile
A most gracious specimen of a bird
Is the Turtle Dove our National Bird
Soar gentle one way in the sky
Soar humble one in esteem, adorable and high
Spread your wings and take us aloft
Over every mountain roof and tree-top
Adorned with gentility and love
Our National Bird, the Turtle Dove
(c) Lyrics: Marvin Gumbs
Music : Mega Force
This Calypso was released to Radio Anguilla and Radio ZJF as well as to the local
Channel 9 TV station. It is also being taught to all steel pan music classes in the
island's secondary school who are frequently invited to perform at public functions.
3.12 Communi@ Outreach
Community outreach programs made maximum use of the audio, visual and print
media, as well as meeting and talking with specific target groups.

3.12.1 Newspapers
Throughout the campaign the counterpart, through the Department Education and the
ALHCS, issued a stream of press releases that were picked up by the local press,
including 7he Light, 7he Herald, 7he Chronicle newspapers and The Anguilla Life
Magazine.
Some of the topics covered in these releases included:
Publication
The Light
The Light
The Light
The Light
The Herald
The Herald
The Light
The Daily Herald
The Light
The Daily Herald
Anguilla Life
Topic covered
National Bird Election
David Carty urges all to vote
Island votes for a National Bird
Voting for National Bird Continues
National Bird nominated
Turtle Dove Chosen National Bird
Turtle Dove wins by a landslide
CEC Program
CEC Program
Turtle Dove Puppet Show
Saving Anguilla's Environment
Other topics covered included the school visitation program and "National Bird
promotes national pride".
In addition, Bonnie designed a weekly "Environmental Tips" column that appears in
The Light newspaper. Tips covered include:
* Creating bird habitat in your back yard.
* Providing birds with water during the dry season
* Lead-zinc fishing sinkers adversely affect wildlife
* Re-cycle and re-use
* Natural insecticides
* Litter
* The National bird
* Values of trees and bushes
* Land, air and water pollution
* Water conservation
See sample articles in appendix 5

3.12.2 Radio programs
Bonnie forwarded the two local radio stations copies of her press releases and these
were carried on the air.
Some of the topics covered included: The Project's launch; The National Bird
election; questionnaire results; the puppet show; the school visitation program; posters
and badges distribution. In addition the stations regularly aired the Calypso song
described in section 3.1 1. Bonnie Warner Fleming writes (Dec 1994):
Ground work is underway for a three-minute "Environmental" segment of a onehour
long Adult Education radio program. This will be aired twice weekly beginning
in January 1995. Zhe Turtle Dove will be featured, as will the Calypso which will be
used to introduce the piece.
3.12.3 TV programs
Bonnie forwarded the local TV station copies of her press releases and many of these
were carried on the air.
Bonnie also writes:
An educational video entitled, The Turtle Dove and his Friends; has been produced
by Sunshine Lady Publications and will soon (Januay 1995) be aired on Channel 9
T?? Zhe station will also use excerpts of this on a regular basis asfillers between
local programming.
The video is 56 minutes long and includes footage of the school visitation program
filmed at Road Primay School; scenes of Anguilla 's birdr in their nahrral habitat;
Island Harbour school children and Patsy Adams singing the Turtle Dove song; the
puppet show filmed at Omolulu Institute and the Secondary school steel bandplaying
the Turtle Dove Calypso.
The video has also been added to the Public Library video collection.

3.12.4 Other
* The Turtle Dove costume was worn by a member of the National Youth Council to a
Rotary Halloween Party.
* A Birds and flowers troupe (including the Turtle Dove) was featured in the August
1994 Carnival celebrations.
* The Anguilla Beautification Environment Club recently a brochure "Birds
of Anguilla and their mangrove habitat" for tourists and locals alike. The front of
this brochure features the Turtle Dove poster.
Throughout the year-long program Bonnie has met with a wide range of individuals
and groups to solicit their assistance. These include representatives of the media,
musicians, artists, costume designers, as well as the Postmaster General and others in
both the government and private sector.
3.13 Environmental News letter
The inaugural issue of Dove Tales was published in July 1994 with support from the
project's core funds. This publication was given to all students in grades 1,2 and 3 at
the primary schools.
The two page information sheet contains the following information:
Page 1 :
The words to the Zenaida Dove song (see section 3.4); a description of the bird itself
together with notes on habitat and what a person can do to improve their backyard to
attract more species of bird.
The page also includes information on the contest outlined in section 3.9.
Page 2:
This sheet includes some fun exercises for the children to do. Included here is a bird
identification contest, a word search, as well as a cartoon strip and additional bird
facts.
See appendix 7.

It is hoped that Dove Tales will become a periodic feature in the lives of grades 1-3
children.
3.14 Sermon and Services
Throughout the Holy scriptures of all religious denominations reference is made to the
Earth's environment, the rational use of its fauna and flora and strong endorsements
are given to the conservation ethic - the Church is therefore a powerful ally for any
conservation program.
In November 1994 Bonnie Warner wrote to Canon Errol Brooks of the Anguilla
Christian Council. In her letter she informed Canon Brooks of the Anguilla CEC
project and of the various tasks she had accomplished. She also requested his
assistance in:
. . . approaching the Anguilla Christian Council to request that one weekend be set
aside for a conservation sermon in all churches. Perhaps the Council would
consider a nation - wide Environmental Sermon Weekend when church leaders would
give sermons on the signiJicant role people can play in protecting the wildlge and
natural environments of Anguilla.
Her letter continues:
AN that would be requiredfor a nation-wide Sermon Weekend would be to set aside
one weekend A sermon could be written by one representative of the Anguilla
Christian Council for all church leaders to read, or alternatively each Church
minister or priest couldprepare a brief sermon on the importance ofpreserving the
habitat of our National Bird and the importance of saving God's creations.
Bonnie continues by defining some of the threats facing Anguilla's environment and
her letter included six information packs; each of which contained: Posters, badges,
fact sheets, songs and a sample environmental sermon from the island of Dominica.

This task was set aside. In a limited assistance program the local counterpart is
expected to implement some and not all the manual's tasks and to focus on those that
will consolidate and empower existing national efforts at environmental education.
3.1 6 Legislation leaflet
This task was set aside. In a limited assistance program the local counteipart is
expected to implement some and not all the manual's tush and to focus on those that
will consolidate and empower existing national efforts at environnmental education.
3.1 7 Music video
This task was set aside. In a limited assistance program the local counterpart is
expected to implement some and not all the manual's tasks and to focus on those that
will consolidate and empower existing national efforts at environnmental education.
However , as described in 3.12.3, Bonnie Warner Fleming did assist with the
production of an educational video entitled, The Turtle Dove and His Friends.
This video includes footage of the school visitation program, scenes of Anguilla's
birds in their natural habitat, children singing the Turtle Dove song, the puppet show
and other CEC tasks.
3.18 Communiw visitation
This task is described under sections 3.6 (Puppet show); 3.8 (School visitation) and
3.12 (Community outreach).
3.19 Legislation Review
lhis task was set aside. In a limited assistance program the local counterpart is
expected to implement some and not all the manual's tasks and to focus on those that
will consolidate and empower existing national efforts at environmental education.
However, in September 1994, Bonnie did write to Rev. John Gumbs (Parliamentary
Secretary) asking for his kind assistance in helping revise the Wild Birds Protection
Ordinance and to remedy the apparent discrepancy concerning the additional
protection afforded the "Mountain Dove".

NOTE: Apparently a legislative amendment has been passed which extends the
"Closed Season" on the "Mountain Dove" from October 31st to August 9th. While the
Zenaida Dove is known by this name in some other Caribbean Islands, neither it nor
any other local doves are referred to as such in Anguilla.
, 3.20 Stamps
Stamps are an important medium to use in any conservation education program as
they are purchased by a broad cross section of the community; and, through their use
on both local and overseas letters and parcels, they can carry a message not only
across the length and breadth of the country but also around the world.
In the philatelc business stamps depicting wildlife -especially birds - are enormously
popular. This is important as the sale of stamps to collectors is a valuable source of
revenue and foreign exchange.
During the project Bonnie met with both Eustace Brooks (F'ostmaster General) and
Vernal Richardson (Acting Postmaster General) and asked them to consider producing
either a series of stamps on the newly declared national bird or a cancellation stamp.
This they agreed to do whenever Anguilla produces another bird series..
1 3.21 A - Z of WiIdIife Booklet
I
Xhis task was set aside. In a limited assistance program the local counterpart is
expected to implement some and not all the manual's tash and to focus on those that
will consolidate and empower existing national efforts at environmental education.
3.22 Post-project Questionnaire Distribution
1 This task was carried out in February 1995 and is described in section 4.2 and 4.2.1.
3.23 Post-project Questionnaire Analysis
This task was carried out in February 1995 and is described in section 4.2.2.
3.24 Final Report
This publication serves as the final report to Anguilla CEC project. It is intended to
provide:
* The Department of Education as well as the Government of Anguilla with a
comprehensive account of the CEC campaign

I
* Recommendations for future action which might be addressed by the government,
or external funding agencies.
I Copies will also be provided to those funding agencies that have helped make this
project a reality, giving them a detailed account of the CEC program and the efforts
made by the implementing agency during the project.
I
I
It will also be copied to other agencies that might help to put its recommendations into
action.

4.0 SIGNS OF SUCCESS
PARE Center S conservation education programm have in-built mechanisms to
monitor the levels of success they achieve.
These mechanisms include:
4.1 Tackling the tasks
Counterparts are assigned a number of different tasks, from carrying out a pre-project
questionnaire survey to producing billboards, bumper stickers and posters; from
rallying churches, musicians and businesses to visiting schools across their country.
The level of accomplishment of these tasks is one indication of the program's success.
During the past year counterpart Bonnie Warner and her colleagues at the
Environmental Clubs of the Albena Lake Hodge Comprehensive School, volunteer
teachers at the primary schools, the Community Development Department, and the
Adult Education Unit have attempted many of the 25 task categories assigned in
RARE Center's manual Promoting Protection Thru Pride.
Their accomplishments are all the more impressive in so much as this was only a
limited assistance campaign where the local counterpart is expected to implement
some and not all the manual's tasks and to focus on those that will consolidate and
empower existing national efforts at environmental education.
Project accomplishments include:
* Zenaida Dove named National Bird after island-wide election campaign.
* 2% of Anguilla's population sampled in pre- and post-project questionnaire survey.
* 500 Zenaida Dove posters distributed to schools, government buildings, post offices
and shops across Anguilla.
* Two school songs produced, recorded and taught to more than 1,500 children across
Anguilla.
* Puppet show created, produced and video-taped. Shown to all pre- and primary
school children.

* Every school in Anguilla visited @re-, primary and secondary).
* Calypso song produced and recorded for use on local radio stations.
* Hour long video produced for use on local television.
* Inaugural issue of Dove Tales printed and distributed to schools.
* Weekly "Environmental Tip" appears in local press as a regular column.
4.2 Monitoring changes in knowledge and attitude
A comparison of pre- and post- project questionnaire responses should give a clear
and unbiased indication of changes in the public's knowledge and attitude toward the
Zenaida Dove and its habitat.
4.2.1 Distribution of Post-project questionnaire
Distribution of the post-project questionnaire followed the same format as described
for the pre-project survey in section 3.3.2.
However in the post-project census a sample size of 1% was used rather than the 2.5%
used in the pre -project survey. This is in fact the sample size recommended in RARE
Center's manual; Promoting Protection Thru Pride. Again, for the purposes of
distribution and analysis Anguilla was sub-divided into nine districts or sectors and
each district was subdivided into its various communities. The post-project survey was
coordinated by Karim Hodge who distributed 100 (102) survey forms in the nine
districts. One hundred and two forms were returned representing a return rate of
100%.
4.2.2. Analysis of post-project questionnaire
The analysis of the post-project questionnaire survey once again followed procedures
laid down in RARE Center's training manual and results were coded first by sectors
(community), and then consolidated to give an nation-wide average.
This survey was analyzed by RARE Center staff in Saint Lucia using an IBM
computer, and software provided by RARE Center. All inputed data is held on disk
and available for scrutiny or additional examination.

Table 6 summarizes questionnaire results by district. These were then consolidated to
give the following island-wide results:

BLO = Blowing Point ST0 = Stony Ground SAN = Sandy Ground
E&S = East End VAL = Valley (Capital) SOU = South Hill
FAR = Farrington
WES = West End
ISL = Island Harbour
......................................................................................................
QUESTION RESPONSE 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 NATIONWIDE
BLO EAS FAR ISL SAN SOU ST0 VAL WES
What is Turtle Dove 100 91.7 100 100 91.7 100 108 93.8 88.9
Anguilla' s Killi Killi 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 4.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 11.1
National Bird Brown Pelican 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Other 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Don1 t know 0.0 8.3 0.0 0.0 4.2 0.0 0.0 6.3 0.0
Is it found Yes 88.9 91.7 90.9 100 66.7 83.3 72.7 81.3 77.8 83.7
all over No 11.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 16.7 8.3 18.2 6.3 11.1 8.0
Anguilla Don t know 0.0 8.3 9.1 0.0 16.7 8.3 9.1 12.5 11.1 8.3
m
2
How scarce Less than 100 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 4.2 16.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 2.3
is our 101 -250 11.1 16.7 0.0 0.0 16.7 16.7 18.2 18.8 0.0 10.9
National Bird 251-500 22.2 8.3 9.1 0.0 25.0 0.0 36.4 25.0 33.3 17.7
501-1000+ 11.1 41.7 72.7 0.0 33.3 16.7 36.4 50.0 33.3 32.8
Don ' t know 55.6 33.3 18.2 100 20.8 50.0 9.1 6.3 33.3 36.3
What is most Food 11.1 33.3 27.3 0.0 4.2 8.3 0.0 6.3 11.1
needed for it Shelter 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
to survive Air 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Water 0.0 0.0 0.0 20.0 12.5 0.0 18.2 25.0 11.1
Trees/bushes 22.2 41.7 27.3 30.0 50.0 16.7 63.6 56.3 66.7
0 ther 22.2 25.0 36.4 40.0 12.5 33.3 0.0 12.5 0.0
Don t know 44.4 0.0 9.1 10.0 20.8 41.7 18.2 0.0 11.1
Should we Yes 88.9 100 100 100 95.8 100 90.9 100 100 97.3
protect our No 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 4.2 0.0 9.1 0.0 0.0 1.5
National Bird Dont t know 11.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.2
...................................................................................................

......................................................................................................
QUESTION RESPONSE 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 NATIONWIDE
BLO EAS FAR ISL SAN SOU ST0 VAL WES
Is there a Yes 55.6 41.7 63.6 50.0 37.5 33.3 54.5 37.5 44.4
law against No 33.3 41.7 18.2 30.0 20.8 33.3 18.2 25.0 11.1
killing it Don ' t know 11.1 16.7 18.2 20.0 41.7 33.3 27.3 37.5 44.4
Is there a Yes 11.1 41.7 45.5 50.0 33.3 33.3 18.2 37.5 44.4 35.0
law against No 33.3 16.7 18.2 20.0 16.7 33.3 27.3 31.3 11.1 23.1
illegally Don't Know 55.6 41.7 36.4 30.0 50.0 33.3 54.5 31.3 44.4 41.9
clearing land
0\
4
Importance of Not important 0.0 8.3 9.1 0.0 4.2 8.3 9.1 0.0 0.0 4.3
protecting our Important 0.0 16.7 45.5 40.0 33.3 16.7 45.5 37.5 11.1 27.4
National Bird Very important 77.8 75.0 45.5 60.0 62.5 75.0 45.5 62.5 88.9 65.8
Don t know 22.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2.5
Why important Symbol/pride 55.6 41.7 36.4 20.0 50.0 41.7 63.6 31.3 55.6 44.0
Uni que/rare 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Tourism/cul ture 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 4.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.5
Future gen. 11.1 16.7 36.4 30.0 20.8 8.3 18.2 31.3 22.2 21.7
Not important 0.0 8.3 9.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 9.1 0.0 0.0 2.9
Other 22.2 16.7 9.1 20.0 12.5 33.3 0.0 37.5 0.0 16.8
Don't know 11.1 16.7 9.1 30.0 12.5 16.7 9.1 0.0 22.2 14.1

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4.2.2.1 Results of post-project questio~aire
ISLAND WIDE DATA
Question 1 : What is the Anguilla's National Bird?
Response : Turtle Dove Killy Killy Brown Pelican Other Don't know
The number of respondents correctly identifying the Turtle Dove as Anguilla's
National Bird has risen from 92% to 96%. Indeed only two respondents checked
"Don't know".
Question 2: Is it found all over Anguilla?
Response : Yes No Don 't know
There is almost no change in the percentage of respondents that are aware of the
distribution of this common dove. The species is found island wide and is a famliar
bird.
Question 3: How scarce is our National Bird?
Response : Less than 100 101 - 250 250 - 500 501 - 1000+ Don't know
These results are also unchanged from the pre-project survey with roughly one-third of
respondents not knowing the status of this species. The fact there is little change is
probably because no specific figures were given out to the public as there has been no
recent census and the exact status of the Zenaida Dove is indeed "unknown". When
people asked, Bonnie informed them of this fact, but added that there were likely more
than 500.

Question 4: What is most needed for it to survive?
Response : Food Shelter Air Water Trees/Bush Other Don't know
The percentage responding "trees and bush has increased by more than one-third
rising from 22% to 42%. Throughout the program, Bonnie emphasized the need to
protect Anguilla's "bush" for wildlife, recreation and soil conservation. Many of the
respondents whose comments were included in the "Other" category answered
"increased protection".
Question 5: Should we protect our National Bird?
Response : Yes No Don't Know
There is near universal support for the protection of Anguilla's National Bird - the
Zenaida (Turtle) Dove.
Question 6: Is there a law against killing the National Bird?
Response : Yes No Don't Know
The percentage of respondents knowing there to be legislation protecting the National
Bird has almost doubled, rising from 28% to 46%.
Question 7: Is there a law against illegally clearing land?
Response : Yes No Don 't know
There has also been a modest increase in the number of respondents knowing there to
be a law against clearing protected lands.

Question 8: Is it important that we protect our National Bird?
Response
: Not important Important Very important Don l know
This question re-emphasizes the fact that there is near universal support for protecting
the National Bird and only three people responded that it was not important.
Question 9: Why?
Response : Symbol/pride Uniquehare Tourism/culture Future gen. Not important
Response : Other Don'tknow
The percentage of respondents answering "Pride" has doubled. Of those who believe it
is not important to protect the Zenaida Dove, one indicated that there were more
important things to spend time and money on in Anguilla. A second individual felt
that the species was very common and in no danger, while the third liked to eat it!
BZO - DATA
THERE IS NO QUESTION 10
The questionnaire surveyed a broad section of the community, both in age and
employment categories. However, as with the pre-project survey there was some bias
towards students and government employees. Since the bias was towards the same
category of individuals, comparisons can be drawn between the two sets of data.
Question 1 1 : Age
Response : 1-11 12-16 17-25 26-35 36-45 46-55 56-65 66+

Question 12: Employment category
Response : Govt. Casual Farmer Private Unemployed Housewife Student Other
Other biographical information obtained gave an insight into the media's impact on
the respondent's day to day lives. For example:
Question 13: When do you listen to Radio ZNS?
Response : 6.00-7.30 am 7.30-9.00 am 9.00-1 2 noon 12.00 noon-2.00 pm
% : 43.6 14.6 5.6 1 .O
Response : 2.00-6.00 pm 6.00-8.00 pm
8.00-1 0.30 pm Don't listen
% : 2.0 13.5 8.7 11 .O
As one would expect there is little change between the two sets of data, re-enforcing
the fact that they can be compared and that changes recorded in knowledge and
attitude towards the dove are real.
Question 14: What is your favourite program?
Response : News Music Sports GZS Church Soaps Documentaries Other
% : 36.1 21.8 1.0 2.0 3.6 0.0 3.3 11.8
Don't listen = 20.4%
Question 15: Do you read The Light Newspaper?
Response : Yes
No
Once again, as would be expected there is no change in the percentage of respondents
who read The Light Newspaper.

5.0 RECOMMENDATIONS (As supplied by Bonnie Warner Fleming)
1. Develop good sight-seeing trails in Anguilla, and produce well illustrated pamphlets
and brochures on the habitat areas, Parks, etc., to be used as information at hotels
and visitor's centers throughout the country.
2. Develop a birdlwildlife sanctuarylnature reserve in conjunction with the Marine
Park (especially on the offshore cays which are limportaut for nesting seabirds eg.
Dog Island and Middle Cay) ecotourism/education.
3. Anguilla's endemic reptiles should be promoted (with educational materials and
nature trail).
4. Anguilla's salt ponds should be promoted. Some are spring fed and sources of clean
drinking water. One or two could be a bird sanctuary with a nature trail.
5. Recommendations put forwand in Anguilla Environmental Profile should be
prioritized and implemented.
6. Continue the puppet show in the schools and television developing it further to
include shows on the conservation of other key species in Anguilla biodiversity
conservation such as marine turtles, etc. The Turtle Dove can still be used as a
symbol to spearhead these further developments. Puppet shows can also be used to
introduce key concepts and ethics in other crucially important environment
concerns such as waste management, pollution, coastal area management and
sustainable development at both the national and local level.
7. Mobilize a group of artists to develop a roadshow workshop composed of displays,
drama and musical numbers which will focus on the various key environmental
concerns such as sustainable development; waste management biodiversity.
8. Develop television and radio spots to promote environmentally friendly practices;
using the Turtle Dove costume, songs, and video footage.
9. Develop public educational materials and messages to consolidate, the awareness
and enforcement of the Bird Regulations.
10. Undertake comprehensive research to ascertain the present status of the Turtle
Dove and other bird species which are found in Anguilla.

6.0 SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHY
Anguilla Government, 1979. The birds of Anguilla. Government Information Service
Bulletin, 1(12):6-11. The Valley, Anguilla.
Beard, J., 1949. Extracts from: The natural vegetation of the Windward and Leeward
Islands. Clarendon Press. Oxford UK.
Boldingh, I., 1909. A contribution to the knowledge of the flora of Anguilla. Recueil.
Trave. Bot. Neerl., 6: 1-34.
Bond, J., 1971. Birds of the West Indies. Collins Clear Type Press. London.
Box, H., 1940. Report on a collection of plants from Anguilla, B.W.I. J. Bot., 78:14-
16.
Censky, E., 1986. The reptiles of Anguilla. Report to GOA. Carnegie Museum of
Natural History. Pittsburgh, PA.
Censky, E., 1989. Eleutherodactylus johnstonei (Sa1ientia:Leptodactylidae) from
Anguilla, West Indies. Carib. Jour. Sci., 25:229-230
Censky, E., and D. Paulson, 1992. Revision of the Ameiva (Repti1ia:Teiidae) of the
Anguilla Bank, West Indies. Ann. Carnegie Mus., 61(3):177-195.
Christman, R., 1953. Geology of St. Bratholomew, St. Martin and Anguilla, Lesser
Antilles. Bull. Geol. Soc, Amer., 64:65-93
Directorate of Overseas Surveys, 1972. Anguilla with Dog Island and Scrub Island.
Ser E803, 1 :25,000. Ministry of Defense, United Kingdom.
Douglas, G., 1986. Report on the vegetation of the Fountain Cavern National Park.
Prepared on behalf of the Anguilla Archaeological and Historical Society.
Dunn, E., 1934. Physiography and herpetology in the Lesser Antilles. Copeia
(3):105-111.
Earle, K., 1923. Report on the geology of St. Kitts-Nevis, BWI, and on the geology of
Anguilla, BWI. Crown Agents for the Colonies. London.

Eastern Caribbean Natural Area Management Program, 1980, Anguilla: Preliminary
data atlas. ECNAMP, St. Croix, USVI.
Genoways, H., 1989. The bats of Fountain Cavern, p.22. In: J. Gurnee, ed., A study
of Fountain National Park and Fountain Cavern, Anguilla, British West Indies. Nat.
Spel. Found. Closter, New Jersey.
Government Information Service, 1979 (October). Anguilla: The land, climate and
flora. The Valley, Anguilla.
Henderson, R. and R. Sajdak, 1986. West Indian Racers: a disappearing act or a
second chance? Lore, 36(3): 13-1 8.
Howard, R. and E. Kellog, 1987. Contributions to a flora of Anguilla and adjacent
islets. Jour. Arnold Arboretum, 68:105-131.
Jones, L., 1989. Distribution and systematics of bats in the Lesser Antilles, pp. 645-
660. In: C. Woods, ed., Biogeography of the West Indies, past, present and future.
Sandhill Crane Press. Gainesville, Florida.
King, W., 1962 Systematics of the Lesser Antillean lizards of the genus
Sphaerodactylus. Bull. Florida State Mus., 7(1): 1-52.
Lazell, J., 1972. The anoles (Sauria, Iguanidae) of the Lesser Antilles. Bull. Mus.
Comp. Zool., 143(1):1-115. Harvard Univ.
Lazell, J., 1973. The lizard genus Iguana in the Lesser Antilles. Bull. Mus. Comp.
Zool., 145: 1-28. Harvard Univ.
Lazell, J. and E. Williams, 1962. The anoles of the Eastern Caribbean (Sauria,
Iguanidae) of the Lesser Antilles. Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 127(9):451-478.
Harvard Univ.
Oldfield, S., 1987. Fragments of paradise. A guide for conservation action in the UK
dependent territories. Prepared by the British. Assoc. of Nature Conservationists.
Pisces Publications. Oxford, UK.
Roughgarden, J., 1991. Origin of the eastern Caribbean: data from reptiles and
amphibians. Transactions, 12th Caribbean Geology Conference.

I
I
I
Roughgarden, J. J. Rummel, and S. Pacala, 1983. Experimental evidence of strong
present-day competition between anolis populations of the Anguilla bank - a
preliminary report, pp. 499-506. In: A. Rhodin and K. Miyata, eds., Advances in
herpetology and evolutionary biology. Mus. Comp. Zool. Cambridge.
Underwood, G., 1962. Reptiles of the eastern Caribbean. Carib. Affairs (new
series): 1-92

7.0 APPENDICES

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APPENDICES
I APPENDIX 1 Election Campaign
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APPENDIX 2 Zenaida Dove fact sheet
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APPENDIX 3 Questionnaire
1
APPENDIX 4
APPENDIX 5
School song sheet
Sample of press articles
I APPENDIX 6
1
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Dove Tales

loHodp.RadulafIhScdvE.rhm.
I Club d UCS. Lacby mtifiar the pnnl
IhcthevollnntockaAnNiisN.llmJBi
1993.7hc public
hve reven dayr loMc, chs find vorby hibeing
y. 131hDaembu i993.ll~lhevinnmcnulClub
cvurau lo &me vow. 7hua will be 42 vai~
1 kli begin on M&;. IS& ~a~&et
Valley Rinwy Sctrwl
H&e C~pehensinriw SDbd
Poa ogpcc
rtc'r dlsty
B&Jl)rvbn%v
riwl ller* ofAm#ulIb
Bad
-
Fair Phy
somh Hill CWE
Blauhew
Road PrimWJ school
hy'r Bakery.
Bbwhg Polnr CunnU
E&End
West End Primary sob01
Wur End Clinic
F d 95
ABC~Oronry
3bh s u n n n e r ~ t with . ihc hia EnvinmmcnulClubneounkrpm.nc+ivrdlpvwfmmhc
lURECentufaTmphlCmuuv*ionb.rdinS(.
L u d . w ~ i u d ~ a ) r r . b l g ~ ~
awnacrr~agnmcllaN.tbrulBid
L 1987hmwasaN*)olulBW.FiwerudFitb
~ ~ b y c h c ~ C u m c i I d W a n m
and~0varduringchsvaLdOccomba6-
r6.
13.1993.
8%
Plurc 'CQP~ hc loliming hWau fa voting:
Ud
.Vacfapp~bird byticklng~ll~bormhcheh
olhavire your volc will no( munt
llol
.Rinlvarrmmsathcl~~o~nwidal~)~b.llol'
ahawlscyourMewi~~noicaDDt
-Put your ballot in & E4Id Boa
numb& mwitc dmving~ 'lirnlc Dwo with 237
Muicdnwim WbMCrdvwith 199al*irdnwings:
a d Ik Snrppcr with 189h.why. However. Ubt
Anruilh Houre of A~~mblv did no1 fanulh Drdre
VOW far me I'm aadmgcnd sea bird. which means,
I'rndmnelll~(wBrnYnRIi~~~~
Miriam C& Ns(bul Cndlof Woon. bcca- I vm a bird mnpclilhn in Anguilh in 19117%
-....- "
Trevor Wp, N.tbrul You& Camdl
beclurclvouldnihabchse,~p&dm'tdi~~
my
hphac ih- N.Uorl
2 whim clp
Ttwl
Yande Rkhrdm, edKl(loo O(llea
On Oclobcr 28. Ihc Natiaul NminMing Commitlee
submitted rhm nominations fa hc National Binl:
American Kcrvcl (Killy Killy). Brown Pelican. and
Tunic Dove. Since Ihe, rhc Scnior Envimnmcnlal Club
harbctnbrodc~hg~pimMdinfmation.bwl
~hc dm birds a, the public will hew m infonncd
. dwia
.'L',. .,.:.;I:
:,c2 ,!..I;,. ?,)I :: 1 J. 1 'Ilu.&njrr:@virmmcntrl
1. ~lu.b.h~~,t@~~&one
hii bail iii.t+24luhity la hCPl thcirmnwncahcnu
Plcueklpchanoutby~pllrfmiiy,Ws

BROWN PELICAN (PELICAN),
Pelecanus occ ider-ital is
Vote far me! I 'rrr an er~idariyered sea
bird, which means I'm almost extinct (we
Brown Pelicans are very close to dying
out forever ) . Yol~r grandchildren may
never see a Brown Pelican if my nesting
ground is not protected from
development. I lay 2 or 3 white eggs in
my nest on the ground CJK in bushes or
small trees throughout the Caribbean,
but now there are very few places like
Ai-lguilld where I can nest. People love
to watclz me glide over the sea and dive
for fish to store in my pouch. I arc( a
beautiful bird with a 6-foot wing span,
and I'm 44 to 55 inches lorig. Please
help me survive!

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creatlng a bird habitat in your yard. How?
make a bird bath or bird feeder
. plant and care for trees and bushes
* Do not release goats and cats to the wild
-goats eat bushes: cats eat blrds
Do IIM litter-harmful to blrds
B~rds love food scraps. but birds can die
from eatlng nce or sug~~
watcr.
Why? Because uncookednce swells their
bellles and sugnrwaterisfilling.nothcalthy.
A nu m your y d urrrycs the value of ycur
propeny. How' Trees mmvl~nmenlal woixkn U)
~spm and cknsh. 'Ihcy relcnsc m~saur! which
iamrrunclru&:rele3wsoxygm;udmnan~lutmu:
cmml topsoil emlon. save rs wind-.
offer shade. provide homes for ins%. minds Md
blrds: yd they yr: hnful to look at
Our National Bid the li~nle Dove. is a
wild bird.
Wild animals arrdled wildlife. They do
matic good pa!
1 APPENDIX 2: ZENAIDA DOVE FACT SHEET
Turtle Dove (Zenaida aurita)
National Bird of Anguilla

Adults are 11-12". Males and females are similar, although males
are generally larger and heavier than females. Plumage coloration
varies considerably throughout,the Caribbean. In general, Zenaida
aurita is brown above and reddy brown below; its head and neck are
cinnamon; black spots are on the wings; violet-blue streaks are
above and below the ears; sides of the neck are purple; white tips
are on the wings and tail feathers; the tail is rounded in shape.
A repetitive, gentle cooing is a familiar background sound in
Anquilla. The Advertisement Call ("Coo-oo Coo-oo Coo-oo") is to
attract mates or to defend territory from intruding males. The
Nest Call ("oooa-00-00-oo") is given near the nest during nest
exchanges by either the attending male or female.
Habitat
It is found mainly in lowland, dry woodland and adjacent open
country (Anguilla's woodland, bushland, caves and spring-fed salt
ponds). In Anguilla, its greatest threat is loss of habitat from
unnecessary clearing of bushes and trees and infilling of ponds for
construction. It may be seen feeding in open areas on the ground.
Otherwise, it frequently perches on trees or wires. It feeds on a
wide variety of fruits and seeds, depending upon the season.
Both males and females attend the nest, which usually contains two
white eggs. Nests can be found in bushes and trees, on the ground,
and in rocky crevices. Breeding occurs mainly between February and
August, but active nests can be found year-around. The incubation
period is about 14 days, and the nestling period is about 12 days.
A pair can attempt to nest several times throughout the year.
Zenaida aurita is common and widely distributed throughout the
Caribbean. It also occurs on the coast of the Yucatan Peninsula
and adjacent islands, and is sometimes seen in the Florida Keys.
Anguilla's Wild Birds Protection Ordinance needs to be updated to
protect our National Bird year-around. The existing legislation
lists doves by their local names: wood dove, ground dove, mountain
dove. The closed season from 1 February to 15 July includes these
doves, but there is an amendment extending the closed season on the
mountain dove from 31 October to 9 August. In the Caribbean, the
Zenaida aurita is called mountain dove or wood dove. Anguilla's
Turtle Dove was elected the National Bird of Anguilla in 1993.

THE JUNIOR AND SENIOR ENVIRONMENTAL CLUBS OF ALHCS
QUESTIONNAIRE
Village of Respondent
No.
Dear Respondent:
As Anguillians we should cherish our natural environment and
protect it.
Our National Bird is a symbol of our island's natural beauty, and
by answering the following questions you will help us to protect it
and ensure that we never lose our national pride.
Thank you for your kind assistance.
(1) What is the National Bird of Angullla?
(2) Is it found all over Anguilla?
5. Don't know (
1. Yes ( 2. No ( 3. Don't know ( )
(3) How scarce is our Nationai Bird?
1. Less than 100 remain ( 1
2. 101 - 250 remain ( 1
3. 251 - 500 remain ( )
4. 501 - 1000t remain ( 1
6. Don't know ( )
(4) What is the most important requirement for our National Bird
to survive? Name PI)?L only.
5. Don't know ( )
(5) Do you think we should protect our National Bird?
1. Yes ( ) 2. No ( 1 3. Don't know ( )
(6) Is there a law against killing or trapping our National Bird?
1. Yes ( 2. No ( 1 3. Don't know ( )
(7) Is there a law against illegally clearing lands in Anguilla?
1. Yes ( ) 2. No ( ) 3. Don't know ( 1
APPENDIX 3: QUESTIONNAIRE

(8) DO you think that it is important that Anguilla set up a
programme to protect our National Bird?
(9) Why?
1. ~ o t important ( )
2. Important (
3. Very.important (
4. Don't know ( )
Bioara~hical Data
(11) What is your age?
1. 1-11 years ( ) 2. 12-16 ( ) 3. 17-25 ( ) 4. 26-35 ( )
(12) What is your job?
1. Government Employee ( )
2. Casual worker ( )
3. Farmer/fisherman (
4. Private sector (
5. Unemployed ( )
6. Housewife ( )
7. Student ( 1
8. Other ( )
(13) When do you m ~st listen to the radio?
3. 9am - 12 noon ( 4. 12 noon - 2pm ( 5. 2pm - 6pm ( )
6. 6pm - 8pm ( 7. Rpm 10:30pm ( 8. Don't listen ( )
(14) What is your favourite,radio programme?
9. Don't listen ( )
(15) Do you read THE LIGHT newspaper?
1. yes ( ) 2. NO t )
THANK YOU
DO NOT WRITE THE RESPONDENT'S NAME ON THIS FORM

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APPENDIX 4: SCHOOL SONG SHEET
- -
- -+
0 - - 0 -
I
ZENAI DA AURI TA
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1. Please save the Turtle Dove
The little bird wc love. (x2)
1
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Chorus:
Zenaida aurita
The bird of Anguilla
Zenaida aurita
Our little Turtle Dove
(repeat chorus)
2. Please leave it in the wild
It's gentle and it's mild. (x2)
3. Please trouble not its nest
Just let it have its rest. (x2)
By Teacher Patricia Adams
Island Harbour School
THE TURTLE DOVE SONG
I. Hear it coo in the early sunrise
See its coat as the little bird flies
Gently soaring towards the skies
What does the Turtle Dove say?
Chorus : Coo-00,
Let me fly in the cool of the mnrning
Spread my wings when t.hr new day's dawning
Float in the air, with never a care
That's what the Turtle Dove says.
2. Gaily perched on the Cedar branches
Eating thistles and yellow cherries
Pecking all of the tasty berries
What does the Turtle Dove say?
3. Quietly sleeping beneath the bright stars
Saved from all the strong killyband bars
Loved by friends in Anguilla
What does the Turtle Dove say?
By Teacher Patricia Adams
Island Harbour School
I

A
Regional
1 on National Bii Of
THE DAILY HERALD, Monday, October 17,1994
Publicity For NationaEid
ANOUILLA-Theturtle will be on the importance
dove, the national bird of of trees, bush, pond pnd
Anguilla, is to receive water for the survival of
much publicity thanks to the turtledove ondolhu
the co-operation of birds.Tbegreatcltth?eal
RARE, an emironmen- to the turtlb dave in.
talorganizationfor tmpi- Anguillawo,ddb?theLL??s.
cal conservation. of babitat-foo&,.wstc~.
Bonnie Warner, Envi- shelter and space.
ronmentalEducation Co- RARE is baa& in Phila-
ordinator in Anguilla, delphia and the Cent=,
told The Daily Herald. . for .Tropi~aI. Qqsvp,
that W IO the ,dpw.: li~?.~iq,&@%*li,~y.fl~
tion of US SS,OW trom formed several qegcln ago.
RARE, posters, fact sndAnguillal~e~lftb
sheets and buttons have island in the VVPn
been produced about the to benefit.. .
,
turtle dove and will be The turtle dovd:was:
distributed this week. dcctcd as.&nguiba'a'nar
Talb will take place tionalhlrd last DW-
throughout the week in be~.ltismattractivebird
all the prima~schoolr on andisus~I~ll-l3~cI!eS
theisland. Allcyne Regis. long. It is mostly b F
assistant to the Director with apretty@kmottled ;
of RARE Centre, will mlouring on iu, breast
speak at all the sia pri- and a long pointed tail
maly schoolr. His talks with black add white tips. .
It. has a low, soft call,
"cuamojmo-wo" and is
often seen uarcbig for
food on the ground. It
nests in bushes and low
vecl and usually has two
white egga. It ii how1
throughout the .Ftu
Antillcs .pd the Blh1:
mas.
~onnie wa~ermld.l'he
Daily Herald 1h.i public
~WPICDSSM~ coaulnua&
of habitst pk?~n!-
tion ia the *m of her or:
ganirntion. That h the
naan for wrm~n~in~
An official with the RARE Cmve for Tropical Conservation
in St. Lucia MI. Alleyne Regis. was in Anguilla,
as pan of a local conservation education
programme on the National Bird the Tultle.Dove.
hk Regis, Assistant to the Director of the RARE
Centre, spoke to all the six primary schools during the
week. on the importance of Anguilla's trees. bush.
pondsand water for the survival of the Tunle Dove and
Mher birds.
According to local Environmental Education Cowdinator
Bonnie Warner, who along with the Environment
Clubat the AlbenaLakeHodgeComprehensiveSchool,
are the National Bird project coordinators. 'the greatest
threat to the Turtle Dove in Anguilla would bc the loss
of its habitat which is food, water, shelter and space'.
Mr. Regis was accompanied on his visit to the schools
by Ms. Warner. Music Instructor in the primary Schools
Trevor Hodge, guitarist Ernest Vanterpool, and the
island's life-sized Turtle Dove Mascot.
National Bird posters, badges and fact sheets were
distributed toschool Children. whoalsosang the special
Turtle Dove song. 'Zenaida Aurita' written by Mrs.
Patsy Adams, a teacher at the Island Harbour Primary
School.
Following the week of talks in the primary schools.
the RARE Centre sponsored a Community Outreach
programme, where National Bird Posters and Badges
ys,disyib~% y,v+ous pusin~and . qanizations. ..
,. ,.,. ,..
APPENDIX 5: SAMPLE PRESS
OpG-1 ,p&niiyorl! pf
awa~nou.
Atten* the la* $ .
: thclchoslt*qc~c
W-er, ' Trpor: Ppdgc
(music tcacJicr)., Emcg
Vanieipaol (guitarist).
and a charmjnl turtle :
dove maccd.1; portrayed
by a primuy rho01 child. I

T
Island To Vote
For A Bird
~ni&rd-wkk~lcd
bbinl)sembcrm*
bcrrNdadBirdfafhc
irLnd'IbtdrPcfarihcan0
wrdrcplcidisdrob
mamadbymcssliorFn-
Club of ihe
AlbcnrLaccHodgc-
F=h-i=m~~Wi'J"'=
--&Veda
a h * frrm fhc RARE
Wlefa~Caua-
~mcondudaycarlcne
gpp?g&hfafhcvac
plesw*lwlaap-
~ m a W ~ o f d r
siitoeightncmhld~~
&"gw*lwMavosng
boxcs,arcmbemamntedat~
schmlsardpostdfmdeli~cryldamudUlei=-
of fhc islsnd may do so
contacting the National
~aninaring CmunitW be
f o e ~ u ~ d a y . ~ 2 8 ~

voting For
The National
Birdcontinues
Mr. David Carty Urged AU To
Vote For The National Bird
The Ministt). of Education and the Environment is- i
sued an appeal tomembers of the public toercrcise their I
right to vote in the prexntelectionpronss foraNational
Bird for the island.
This voting process for the three candidates. the Killy
Killy. Bmun Pelican and the Tunle Dove began on ;
Monday. December 6. and continued until Monday.
Deccmbcr 13.
Parliament;uy Secretary for Education and the Envi- I
mnmcnt. Mr. DavidCany. in issuingtheappeal, pointed
out that unless Anguillians took note of the mle which
Saturn played. the richness of their lives could be placed
in jcopady.
Mr. Cany said that them was a misunderstanding hat
Naturc's bounty was endless, such that a new supply of
nutural ~hings~ouldal~aysbethmforp~plelourc.nO
matter what they did. or much they took and deslr~yed.
As a result, he said,thc seas havc bccn over-fished. the
land eroded through carelcss farming and excavations.
and bids and ochcr animals in the environment seemed
not to rcccivc thc slightcst consideration as to how they
fitted into the "big picture of God's creation".
Hc statcd that thc sclcction of a National Bird for
Anguilla formcd an important part of t)ac island's cnvimnmcntal
manifcsto, which dcalt with Nature-4at
uniquc asscmblagc ofscamcks. bcachcs, ws, plant...
animals, insccts. bidsmd human kings, which Anguillians
callcd homc.
Mr. Carty cxprcswd thc hylc that. by thcirchoiccofa
Nutionul Bid. Anguillians would uy and hone in again
tm thu~ mystical scnsc of klonging, and iry and understand
that thc intcgrity of the island's natural rcwurrrs
had MI bc maintclincd iithcy wcrc t~cmtinuc lopossess
u scnw of idcntity which would help to sccurc a bcltcr
. . t$c$mc:+ g~ (:. (h 3 {
;.fullrt ...., I +b~&c$ii~~~nj
!
'
m Voling proocss to
ekct a N atid Bid for
Anguillabegmcn~ber6atmmc42loutions
around the island.
'Ibesc locatiavl which
include the Pwt Offkc.
Schools. Clinics, Blnkr
ardShopshnvckcn&
sen so that everyone will
haveancppomnitytovotc
at their l ehn
'Ihc three candidate arc
theKilly Killy: the Brown
Pelican and the Tunle
Dow.
The Elections arc being
co-odinar#l by the Senior
Envimnmcntal Club at the
Al&nalakeHod.ge Comprehensive
Schoo1.
Elections will continue
until the 13th of December.

Turtle
Dove
Turtle Dove Chosen-National Bird
OVlRlOM FOR ~ d a ~ ~ - ~ ~ ~ L o ~ - & t o o
(he N8Uon.l Bird of Ibc trutL d a r c u mth mh&i1'lt IIdB in I I
~
th+turrrc --,-.& u+&friad &,'&
&ohomanthemourn- IdllyldPyrlthSZSdthc
inn - dove or rcnalda brom pel- hd 6!U'UliLnm-t(he I
~ ' I h c ~ d a votca v c
oratcr ~ pomes-~ th
~7oudthevolu. Thehvtfcdrmtsmat- Beh.msl.
~tteasnythmDst trafttvebm.andie~- Ncn-th-dac
p o p u k r ~ ~ aUy11-lS~l0~g.lt h. beell hDDOUrCd ad
I l'kurcwert 42 ballot il m~.t@hromrtth a -UO~UO.-
1 pmund the laland pretty plnk mottled W. it ie hopd ~JUXC n
lpst WC& and a total d ~ rmft.Lnm6td ~UIpnscrrcitandit-
5980pssollsMtcd. Thl. a bug pDlntcd Wl rltfr WbehunredmcPgsb
rcprcssntm 80% ot the blackdwhltcatthchctlpk It oor h.s to be lcglrlly
~ U I M pnd J i~~dloatcr IC hu a lor. .olt d, dslwdournatlollPlbtr
the @rat inrutat in the -cuaaarmeoddtsd-
- -

lkc Turtk Dovc m a landslids victory on iu flight
lo h i n g the Nillional Bid of Anguilla Of the5380
v~cutinihctkcanb~r6- 13Duiorul@lingu12
smhs ncnns the island. the dove wllectcd 3.687 or
70%. beating ihe Killy Killy with923 mesa 18% .ml
the Bnw PcJkm with 624 voks or 12%. '
Of lhc t d vom cast, 146 did m count. the main '
reuson being bat pcoplc sign4 their lumer on the
bullols but did not vac for my of the birds.
The Rod Primary School voting suition was hc only
onc whm thc clovc did no1 gct the majority of the votes.
Thcrc. thc Killy Killy was thc big favouritc with 243
votcs to the Tunic Dovc 80 md ihc Bmwn Pelican 10.
Oncothcrobbe~ationof thcmulu wasthatihecloser
thc villugcs wcrc to the sea, hc mom votcs the pelican
mcivcd.
Mrs. Bonnic Wumcr, spcaking on behalf of ihe Enviwnmcnul
Club of ihc Albcnn Lakc-Hodgc Compnhcnrlvc
School, which coMdinatcd the vottng,said rhe was
vcry plcwd w~tli thc rcsulu. odding that thcy show"ihat
lhcrc is u good indration of envlronrncntill awareness
umong thc pcoplc of thc island."
Stcps urc now bclng lokcn to legalize thcTurlleDove
as the National Bird of Anguilla.
Merry Christmas I
- I~~tri~ctiotls:
NATICNAL DIRD B&La
1. Vote for
- one box, otherwise your vote will
not count.
2. Print your name below, otherwise
your vote will not count.
3. Put your ballot in the ballot box.
I
I
4. Vote only m. Thank pu. I
Tick (4) one b o~;
r I Amcrican Kestrel (Killy-Killy
I
Falco sparverius
1 Brown Pelican (Pelican),
Mourning Dove (Turtle Dove),

~i.
B&i&i-%&dal
F~"-nm82288
WL.lrOtfiro 82362
Liosl (3rb men cvcry 1st
?&3f12tgF-tbc
SABA
Pdies sation
Thc Bottom, tel. 63237
EEzd1*
The Bottom. tel. 632881
63289
aiok
Wu-idc tel 62228
%=&-
m
Roeotmm,w'63211n35
E t X m 5
Td8onhoA(rpor(
n.1 Point, tel. IM)
Add.iantb.
The Bottom, le' 63 11/
633W63313
~ O M m
Windwa&idc W. 6*1
FhbmrolBro
port 8.y. tsl 63294
s.hy.rhoPak
1cl.a2w -
E Z h k e ~ ~ i d .
J.mu Johnson
TLc Botunn, tcl. 633Ol
- ~snlaalb -. -.
Sab8 Lions Club pnerd
meetin at Sunny Valley
Youthdnter-lst~uaday
and at Engenius
~ohrmn's boluc cvcy 3rd
Tuud8y of the month.
puppet shows were held Bonnie Warner.
at all six primary schools Funding for the shows
inAnguilla.Thisweekthc has been provided by the
I group is to tour the pre- Rare center for ~ro~ical
schools on the island. It ConservationinSrLucia.
was a well-performed, It is based inPhiladelphia
lively show. The players and has been helping the
spoke and manipulated islands of the Caribbean
the puppets very well and for some years. Anguilla
the background scenery is the twelfth island to
and puppet theatre were benefit from the associabeautifully
made. The tion.
turtle dove puppet show The puppet show is also
is aiming to tcachthechil- to be shown on local teledren
respect and care for vision this week as an ontheir
environment and to going environmental
protect their national project.Thepuppetp1aybid,
the turtle dove. ers from the Junior En+
he puppet ahow was ronmental club are ~ lex
written.producedanddi- Ryan, Alecia Ryan.
rcctedby members of the Audrca Hennis. Joy
Junior Environmental Buchanan and Sayonara
Club of the Albcna Lake Richardson.
Hodge Comprehensive The turtle dove was
Schwl.Thcywcrc helped elected as Anguilla's oaby
the teacher-s~pe~- tional bird last Decemmrs,
Pat Campbell, Ivy bcr. It is mostly brown
Thompson-Carty, withaprettypinkmottled
colouring on its breast
and a long point tail with
Agreement At EDF biadr and white tip. ~t
has a low mft call and is
Expected On Monday
often seen searchine for
food on the ground.-The
MARIGoT-Lodelcc- greatest threat. to the I
trieity CQDSUmeIs fan re- turtle dove would be the 1
lax loss of habitat-food, :
ED'* the Region's water, shelter and space. t
.eldaty workem, have
. . . - - - . ..

National Pride ay
warmer
The children ofAnguilla know something about national pride. This was
displayed during a special week in October when a brightly-costumed Turtle
Dove visited primary schools. The children proudly sang their well-rehearsed
school song, Zenaida Aurita, written by TeacherPatricia Adams and taught
to them by Music Teacher Trevor Hodge, (see box at left).
Each school tried to outsing the oth-
1, Plea-le D~~~ ers and Radio Anguilla captured this
The litle bird we love. (x 2) enthusiasmonarecordingofthe song
fltuuui
sung by students from Morris
Zenaida aurita
Vanterpool Primary School -pa-
The bird of Anguilla
nied by Trevor Hodge on the piano.
Zenaida aurita
Sunshine Lady Productions filmed
Our little Turtle Dove
the programme at Valley and Road
(repeat Chorus)
Primaries for local TV.
Affectionately called Wow", the
2. Please leave it in the wild
Turtle Dove's appearance at the
It's gentle and it's mild (x 2)
stimulated national pride as
3' P1eaar trouble its nest
the children competed for these
Just let it have its rest. (x 2)
LOVE OUR DOVE - bv answeringquestions
on bird facts and the importance oftrees, bushes and ponds
fortheiukival oftheDove,otherbirds and humans.
National Bird posters, fact sheets and song
sheets were also animportant partofthisschool
visitation programme. one of the activities of
the Conservation Education Project (CEP) in
Anguilla funded by RARE Center for a year.
The Turtle Dove (Zenaida aurita) was
eiected Anguilla's National Bird in December
1993, capturing 70% or 3,687 of 5,234 ballots,
The election was a prerequisite to the commencement
~ ~ of . the -~ - ~ CEP.
~ - The ~ rmrwse ~ of . the project is to
promote grassroots su&o~
for conservation with the National Bird as the
flagship species, as well as to provide a solid foundation for mntinuing
outreach to promote a more comprehensive environmental consciousness.
Hopefully, the conservation message will be taken into every sector of the
community with songs, including Calypso; a traveling puppet show produced
by the Junior Environmental Clubof ALHCS; community outreach activities;
an environmental newsletter-DOVE TALES and a review of the existing
wildlife legislation.

L\GF
ea=li uu u ~ u u irr ,run ruuru urr~us-
sions at lunchquite tedious. He found
that most victims had self-serving a

-
1994 Christmas Craft Fair
Biggest Success
, , +&**."
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,, ' :,
. . . ., .,** ,*,.,. ,.:gi&i*;

- TheLhht
.-.-.-.
.............. . ..........
.
SWAY SF~IBER
...... . . --
................ .
1111111111-11-
4 - 10,1994 ID~r:e 2
2. hura'z Touch cR
)wr ford in s cloth napkin or wax paper.
I
I.L&JBusiness
I. Ferrybo;lr Inn
2. Tl~c Hut (fcny)
Call 5641 or Fax 5795 I 5. ~ lben'~
1 4. Vidm Dyncny 1. Tlic Fishcry
~upnnarkct
____---_----
_____-------
Editor:
George Hodg

1 2ChMmdSBar 2. Laura's Touch of
1 3. Pqpwpl Restaurant Class
I. FcrryboPt Inn
2. The Hut (ferry)
Call 5641 or Fax 5795 I , ,-,
11111111111111
THE LIGHT
--
fmonedaWdahdtoibd
R h P k b b e
Yartmambel&ema
1 2. Malliouhanr Travel I. 3 C's Cmcery
I 3.JwRoctors
I 4.ViiDynuty
I. nK Fishery
------------
>
Also at theUgItt9r oMce
I In the Caribbean Commercial Centrc
. m new, white block)
Publishers: George & Selma Hodge ------------
J
Address: P.O. B. 1373, Anguilla, B.W.I.
-1111--1111-111
Editor: George Hodge f PLEASE GIVE YOUR BUSINESS TO-
Design: Macmovements
I - L
+ -
I

1 - - , = = -
-
) I. Anguilla Drug Store 1. Vista Food Mak
I 2. cmsmads Bar
2. Laura's Twch of
I
r
i, -- •
i!
t
i '
i-
mating a bird habitat in your yard. How'
make a bird bath or bird feeder
plant and care for trees and bushes
US$33150
. Do not release goats and cats to the wild I Other sizes, per ml. inch USS4.70
Do not lincr-hannful to birds
I
2. Malliwhana Trnvel
I
I. Ferryboat Inn
2. The Hut (ferry)
1.3 C's Orocery
In the Caribbean Commercial Centre
(The new, white block)
-____-------
lllllllllllll-.
Editor: George Hodge f PLEASE GIVE YOUR BUSINESS 1
OUR ADVERTISERS & SUPPORTE
\lllllllllllll-.
I

P m 2
A ' - ...
Call 5641 or Fax 5795
hadab3~whatmatba
Publishers: George & Selma Hodge
Address: P.O. B, 1373, Anguilla, B.W.I.
Editor: George Hodge
Design: Mamovements
beao Cmnmercial Cen
OUR ADVERTISERS & SUPPORTERS,
\lllll-lllll-lll

ANGUILLA ENVIRONMENTAL NEWSLETTER FOR GRADES 1-3 1 JULY 1991
SCRDOL SON0
ZENAIDA AURITA
1. Please save the Turtle Dove
The little bird we love 1x2)
k Chorus: Zenalda Aurlta
The bird of Angullla 2
Zenaida Aurlta
b
Our llttls Turtle Dove
2. Please leave It In the wLld
J
It's gentle and it's mlld 1x2)
3. Please t~oublm not It. n.t 'L
Just let it have its rest 1x2)
BY Teacher Patricia Adams
Island Harbour School af
v.Ch.I rc.rot W ~II t.m *mu tn*. son(.
COLOUR ANGUILLA'S NATIONAL BIRD
Zenaida Dove (Turtle Dove), Zenalda aurlta
Please colour me1 I have whlte tlps on my tall
feathers. 1 have reddlsh-brown upperparts,
pray-brown or plnk-purple underparts, and two
violet-blue streaks on the sldes of my heed and
neck. 1 nest in your bushes and trees or on
the open ground where I can flnd plenty of seeds
or frulta to eat. In the early mornlnq and evenlng
hours you can hear my famlllar soft volce calling
"coo-00, coo, coo, coo". Please don't put me in
a cage because 1 would rather be free. And please
don't dlsturb my two whlte eqqsl
' h
CREATE A BIRD MARITAT IN YOUR YARD
5. SPACE
Do not throw stones at birds.
DO not lltter; It's harmful to birds
' Have fun countlng blrds in your yard.
. j
A
Clip thls and ask your teacher or famlly to help you answer
questions, then post it. No envelope 1s needed. If you answer
correctly, your name will be entered in a drawing on June 30.
-
The prlze wlll be a Turtle Dove Poster and Badge.
What is wlldlife?
About how Rany specles of blrds are in the world?
What foods make blrds slck?
and
About how many specles of blrds are found in Angullla?
How can you create a blrd habitat in your yard?
..-,.
Y
Your name
Your teacher's name
Grade
School
APPENDIX 6: DOVE TALES

wlld blrd. Wlld anlmala
are called wlldllfe.
They do not make qood pe
There are mare than 8,600 dltferent
@spccles of blrds in the world.
Why7 Because uncooked rlcc
muells thelr bellles and sugar
water 1s fllllng, not healthy.
Any $im le rhollow conloiner willdo -onuphrmd
&*bin h or o lorgo shallow dish b idad.
SU*M~R PUY I
YO"
7". *.=*enat ~tra -tat rb.lt
.5"001 .M .., .r..r,.n.
.bout I". torllm Do...
. IlaeLI.. dc.wLnq. ~olsuclnq
01 P.i".l"~ 1.. ,".*I. D.".:
---
Gently dopin sides,or o flmlrlonc plocad in& brh
will allow mc4 bird la ,elcrl ih fevourila depthlor
DOVE TUIIS Is funded by RARE Cent..
................................................
Ycllr name -.
address
Place
stamp