NASA SP-413 Space Settlements - Saint Ann's School

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104 NASA SP-413 — SPACE SETTLEMENTS — A Design Study TABLE 5-19 — CONTINUED D. Mass balance on animal harvesting F.1. Animal food requirements In Meat and produce Out To nonhuman To food processing In Fish Beef Chicken Rabbit Milk Out Meal H 2 O Total C H O N 1168 444 724 138 54 84 126 49 77 890 334 556 Based on: 33% of milk to nonhuman food processing Efficiencies of meat harvest (dressed/animal) fish 35% steers 55% rabbits 65% chickens 60% E. Mass balance on nonhuman food processing — Animal In H 2 O Nonhuman veg Meal O 2 Out H 2 O CO 2 Meat, milk, eggs Waste 14 7 7 Total C H O N 93 41 33 27 250 118 326 18 13 4 3 16 54 Based on: Animal meal has 15% moisture. Beef steer Roasting chicken Rabbits Dairy cow Laying hen Fish Total Animal meal Roasting chicken Fish Total 10 5 4 3 27 13 36 F. Mass balance on animals 62 22 24 20 206 44 290 3 1 1 1 1 Total C H O N 3853 1470 118 747 1494 939 1168 2587 575 54 254 138 237 Summary 37 81 118 17 37 54 424 121 13 164 126 268 4 9 13 3429 736 44 747 1330 685 890 2051 13 31 44 7 38 7 14 31 Plant matter Total C H O N 500 187 40 263 10 150 67 13 62 8 220 89 19 105 7 450 167 36 240 7 50 20 4 25 1 100 45 9 41 5 1470 575 121 736 38 3 4 7 Beef steer: 1 steer for 11 persons Harvested at 400 kg after 16 months Metabolic requirements for 1/11 250 kg steer 300 g sorghum mix/day 200 g soybean mix/day Roasting chicken: 5.6 chickens/person Harvested at 2.6 kg after 25 weeks Metabolic requirements for 5.6 chickens at 1.1 kg each 37 g fish meal/day 150 g soybeans/day Rabbits Harvested at 3.4 kg after 125 days Metabolic requirements for 2.8 rabbits at 1.8 kg each 100 g sorghum/day 100 gsoybean/day 20 g corn/day Dairy cattle 400 kg cow produces 12.45 kg milk/day Metabolic requirements for 1 / 16.6 cow at 400 kg 350 g sorghum mix/day 100 g soybean mix/day Laying hens 1.5 kg hen lays 5 eggs/week, 54 g/egg Metabolic requirements for 6/ 10 hen at 1.5 kg 20 g soybeans/day 30 g corn/day Fish Harvested at 2 kg in 1 yr Metabolic requirements for 26 fish at 1 kg each 100 g soybean/day 81 g animal meal/day F.2. Animal metabolic requirements, g/day [Based on animal biomass of F.1. above.] In Out O 2 H 2 O CO 2 H 2 O Meat produce Beef steer Roasting chicken Rabbits Dairy cow Laying hen Fish Total 180 168 88 220 23 68 747 910 616 302 1840 85 100 2853 230 210 110 275 29 85 939 450 146 189 690 19 — 1494 91 83 77 750 24 143 1168 Waste 819 532 235 795 86 121 2588 Data based on following: Food requirements (ref. 22) For caloric and nitrogen requirements — diets calculated Metabolism (ref. 22) CO 2 calculated by O 2 /0.8 Chicken egg production (ref. 23) Fish Food and metabolism; personal communication, Chris. Brittelson, Wisconsin Dept. of Natural Resources, Nevin Fish Hatchery, Madison, Wisconsin. Chapter 5 — A Tour Of The Colony
NASA SP-413 — SPACE SETTLEMENTS — A Design Study 105 TABLE 5-19 — CONTINUED G. Mass balance on non-human food processing — Plant H.4. Drying human food — rice materials balance In Sorghum Sorghum roughage Soybean Soybean hay Corn Total Out To animals Water Based on: In From fields Out To food processing To nonhuman food H 2 O Waste Material Sorghum Soybean Corn Wheat Rice Fruits and vegetables Total Total C H O N 1406 1829 2103 883 220 6441 1470 4971 119 152 211 75 18 575 575 144 188 222 91 23 668 121 547 1138 1485 1646 713 178 5160 736 4424 Sorghum roughage 14.5% moisture after drying Soybean hay 10.8% moisture after drying Two times dry roughage or hay as seed 5 4 24 4 1 38 38 H. Mass balance on plant harvest Total C H O N 16,273 1,412 6,441 1,205 7,215 1347 233 575 539 H.1. Plants from field 1682 134 668 133 747 13,172 1,037 5,160 1,072 5,903 72 8 38 26 Total C H O N 4080 341 419 3309 11 4620 425 481 3678 36 1034 86 107 838 3 3018 254 309 2442 13 1647 135 168 1341 3 1874 106 198 1564 6 16,273 1,347 1,682 13,172 72 H.2. To food processing Material In From field Out To food processing H 2 O Waste Based on: Material Fruit and vegetable Sorghum roughage Soybean roughage Corn roughage Wheat roughage Rice roughage Total Less sugar extracted from sorghum Harvest waste Based on: Soybean and grain roughage 80% moisture Fruit and vegetable waste 50% of harvest and same composition Corn is 1 /5 of dry corn plant I. Mass balance on plants Total C H O N In Irrigation water 168,750 Recycle water 61,250 Nutrients 93 CO 2 235,082 Out Plants 16,275 Irrigation return 50,000 Evapotranspiration 164,900 O 2 3,909 Total C H O N 1647 125 424 1098 Total C H O N 937 53 99 782 3 845 70 87 686 2 1634 139 168 1319 8 814 68 84 660 2 2012 169 206 1628 9 1098 90 112 894 2 7340 589 756 5969 26 125 7215 135 45 90 1/3 dry weight is grain Harvested at 80% moisture H.5. Harvest waste 59 539 1347 1347 168 9 47 112 9 747 18,563 6,737 21 1,682 5,500 18,139 1341 70 377 894 66 5903 150,187 54,513 3,642 13,172 44,500 146,761 3,909 3 1 2 — 26 72 72 Material Wheat Rice Vegetables Sugar Total Total C H O N 225 85 17 119 4 125 45 9 70 1 937 53 99 782 3 125 50 9 66 — 1412 233 134 1037 8 H.3. Drying human food — wheat materials balance Material Total C H O N In From field Out To food processing H 2 O Waste 3018 225 781 2012 254 85 169 309 17 86 206 2442 119 695 1628 13 4 9 Based on: 1/3 dry weight is grain Harvested at 80% moisture Based on: In Wastes O 2 Out CO 2 NH 4 H 2 O 30.5 cm water on 45 m 2 in 60-day season 50,000 g irrigation return J. Mass balance waste processing Total C H O N 62060 2476 3193 93 61250 862 862 6759 21 6738 54367 2476 2331 54512 72 72 Chapter 5 — A Tour Of The Colony
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