The Basics of Newtonian Mechanics - the Scientia Review

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Table of Contents Newton. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2 Distance vs. Displacement. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3 Vectors vs. Scalars . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4 Velocity vs. Speed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Momentum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Acceleration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7 Position vs. Time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Newton's First Law . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Inertia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10 Forces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11 Newton's Second Law . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 F=ma and Inertia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13 Newton's Third Law . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Fundamental Forces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15 Gravity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16 Gravity Equation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17 F=ma and Gravity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18 The Earth and the Sun . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19 Planets in Motion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20 Weightlessness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21 Einstein and Gravity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22 Glossary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23 About the Authors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 Illustration Credits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 1
Newton Sir Isaac Newton was a British physicist, mathematician, and astronomer born on January 4, 1643. He was a man with many great accomplishments. For example, Newton was one of the first mathematicians to develop and use calculus, he discovered that white light could decompose into colors, and he determined the speed of sound. But what Newton is probably most known for is his work in physics. Not only did he come up with the three laws of motion, but he also described universal gravitation. These laws helped to explain all motion on earth and even in space. With all of his great breakthroughs Isaac Newton greatly influenced math and science for the next three hundred years, and he is considered by many people to be the most influential scientist in history. 2
Page 1: The Basics of Newtonian Mechanics J
Page 5 and 6: Vectors vs. Scalars In physics, the
Page 7 and 8: Momentum Momentum is a quantity bas
Page 9 and 10: Position vs. Time A common way to d
Page 11 and 12: Inertia Inertia is the resistance o
Page 13 and 14: Newton's Second Law Newton's second
Page 15 and 16: Newton's Third Law Newton's third l
Page 17 and 18: Gravity Gravitational force is the
Page 19 and 20: F=ma and Gravity Using Newton's sec
Page 21 and 22: Planets in Motion The earth is not
Page 23 and 24: Einstein and Gravity Einstein offer
Page 25 and 26: About the Authors Josh Samara (left

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