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R-3 “Energetska učinkovitost v notranji razsvetljavi – Romunski primer” At the level of the EU, according to “Energy efficiency indicators in Europe” – Odysee [1], the residential consumption in 2003 was of 2533 kWh/household/year. We remark that in Romania this consumption is of about 40% of the EU level. e currently have little information with respect to the electric lighting contribution to the total energy consumption of the households in Romania. As estimation, we may count on the results of the study [4], according to which the electric lighting consumption represents around 25% of the total electric energy consumption of the studied households. Consumption [kWh/household/year] 1100 Consumption [kWh/m2] 29 1000 967 952 994 1006 1003 27 25.87 26.58 26.89 26.84 25.46 900 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Year 25 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Year Figure 4 Average energy consumption 2000-2004 Figure 5 Household consumption per m 2 in Romania * the average value of 37.39 m 2 per household in Romania has been considered. Table 1 Characteristics of electric lighting energy consumption in households in Romania. Year 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Total annual electric lighting consumption Annual electric lighting consumption per household [x10 3 MWh] 1,938 2,028 1,996 2,028 2,036 [kWh/household/year] 246 257 253 256 255 Annual electric lighting consumption per m 2 [kWh/m 2 /year] 6.58 6.87 6.76 6.84 6.83 Annual cost of electric lighting consumption per household [Euro/household/year] 38.57 39.57 39.19 39.47 39.42 Note: The total annual household consumption in Romania has been determined considering the sales of Electrical National Company towards the household consumers and the average contribution of the consumption on the lighting circuits (25%); The annual electric lighting household consumption per m 2 was determined based on the average household surface in Romania in 2002 – 37.39 m 2 /household; an average exchange rate of 3.50 RON/Euro. A comparison of the information presented in [7] to the data presented in this study is shown in Table 2. The increase in the annual household electric lighting energy consumption in 2004 vs. 2000, of 3.61%, correlated with the continuous increase of the number of household subscribers in Romania of 1.24% (2004 vs. 2000) – Figure 3 a, determine the necessity to adopt measures of energy efficiency in the household lighting of Romania. The total energy consumption dropped from 60 TWh/year in 1996 to 33.8 TWh/year in 2005, according to the data received from the national company of electricity. For the same period, the weight of the residential consumption increased significantly, partly due to the massive reduction of industrial consumption after 1989, but as well, to a continuous increase of the number of household subscribers. stran 24 Posvetovanje “Razsvetljava 2006”
“ Energy efficiency in INTERIOR Lighting – a Romanian Case Study ” R-3 Table 2 Characteristics of electric lighting energy consumption in the residential sector in Romania; comparative study based on data in [1] and [7]. Electricity consumption Total electricity consumption (TWh/an) Residential electricity consumption (TWh/an) Residential lighting electricity consumption (TWh/an) Household lighting – Information Household lighting electric energy consumption (kWh/an) Number of lamps per household Average number of CFL per household Household ratio using CFL Average number of CFL per household using CFL Number of luminaries per household Households – Information Number of households (x10 6 ) Number of persons per household Average surface (m 2 ) Prices Price of electric energy per kWh 0 – 50 kWh 50 – 100 kWh >100 kWh Price of GSL Price of CFL Note: The average exchange rate of 3.50 RON/Euro has been used DELight 1998 UTC-N 2005 60.0 (1996) 7.1 n.a. (1996) n.a. (1995) 9 0.006 (1995) 0.5 (1995) 1.1 (1995) 5.5 7.78 (1995) 2.91 (1994) n.a. 1996 (ecu) 0.008 0.019 0.041 0.3 ecu 13.2 33.8 8.001 ~2.036 ~255.3 11.5 1.11 0.47 4.02 7.16 7.97 2.63 (2002) 37.39 2005 (Euro) 0.38 0.0921 0.43 Euro 4.3 The cost of CFLs mainly depend on their life span, the cheapest having a life of 3 years, the typical cost in Romania being between 2.9 – 4.3 Euro, and the more expensive ones have a life span of 8-10 years and a price of 8.6 – 11.4 Euro. Since the electric energy consumption of these lamps is much lower and has a much smaller cost (only 20% of the cost of GSL, the cost of the initial investment may be recovered in 3 – 12 months, depending on the cost of the CFL, after which up to 8.0 – 9.0 Euro per lamp per year is saved. The use rate of CFLs is from 0.8 units per household in Great Britain up to over 3 units per household in Denmark. Projects from the SAVE programme consider as a reasonable upper limit the use of up to 8 units per household. An analysis of the residential lighting, realized in 100 households in Denmark, shows a lighting consumption of between 5% and 21% of the total monthly electric energy consumption of the household and the use of 24% saving lamps – linear fluorescent lamps and compact fluorescent lamps. During November 2005 a study has been realized using feed-back reply forms concerning the usage degree of GSL and CFLs in households in Western Romania. We received 295 replies, namely 220 apartments (with 1–4 rooms) and 75 houses (with 2–more than 7 rooms). The light source equipment in these households is presented in Table 3. Table 3 Light source usage statistics for GSL and CFLs in Romanian households. Household GSL CFL Installed power Type No. Units Average Units Average kW Apartment 220 2624 11.98 367 1.67 0.770 Single-family house 75 1088 14.51 196 2.61 1.028 Total 295 3712 12.58 563 1.91 0.835 “Lighting engineering 2006” stran 25
Page 1 and 2: 2000 Maribor, Vetrinjska ul. 16/I,
Page 3: RAZSVETLJAVA 2006 / LIGHTING ENGINE
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