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Inventory of Farmer Study Group Initiatives in Africa – A Synthesis Report Arnoud R. Braun Table 3. Major differences and similarities in the FSG initiatives 13 Parameter FFS Study Circles Farmer to farmer Target farmers and type of approach • Smallholder farmers • Group approach • All categories of farmers Learning method/tool • Experimenting/compari ng technologies • Participating and doing • Discovering • Experiencing • Based on the subject of learning –crop, livestock Training venue • Subject of learning field, crop, animal, rangeland Focus areas • Crops/livestock and associated disciplines • HIV and AIDS • Business entrepreneurial skills • Capacity building • Entrepreneurial skills • Smallholder farmers • Group approach • All categories of farmers • Observations • Discussions based on experiences • Demonstrations • Study materials, booklets, field visits, exchange of farmer experiences are an important input • One of the group members ( leader) who is accepted / chosen by the group and trained facilitates the discussion • Shade • Demonstration site • Crops/livestock and associated disciplines • HIV and AIDS • Capacity building • Business entrepreneurial skills • Marketing training programme • Small holder farmers linked to farmer associations • Group approach • Observations • Discussions on Demonstrations • Teaching/lecturing • Shade, Demonstration site • Crops/livestock and associated disciplines • HIV and AIDS Master farmer Training Scheme • Small holder farmers • Group approach • Tends to favour wellto-do farmers • Demonstrations • Teaching/Lecturing/list ening • Training shade • Demonstration site • Crops/livestock and associated disciplines • Farm management • Mechanisation Conventional extension approach 14 • Small holder farmers • Individual. • Group approach • Tends to favour wellto-do farmers • Lecturing / Teaching / Listening • Demonstrations • Discussions • Training shade • Demonstration site • Crops/livestock and associated disciplines • Farm management • Mechanisation 13 Adapted from Masendeke (2006) 14 Included for comparison since it is still the most commonly used extension approach in the region. 16
Inventory of Farmer Study Group Initiatives in Africa – A Synthesis Report Arnoud R. Braun Table 3. Major differences and similarities in the study group initiatives (continued) Parameter FFS Study Circles Farmer to farmer training programme Meeting schedule • Meetings are • Usually have a fixed day • Usually have a fixed scheduled to coincide decided upon by the group day decided upon by with critical the group management requirements of enterprise • Most meetings targeted at critical stage of enterprise Duration of course • Season long • Complete study Curriculum development process and ownership Farmer and their role in the learning process • Farmer originated • Learner centred • Participator • Contributor • Decision maker Facilitator • Usually drawn from government extension systems and NGOs in the first year • Include farmer facilitators in subsequent years • Depends on the number of sessions that the group chooses to cover and the depth of coverage • Usually 10 sessions • Farmer originated • Farmer learning needs centred • Participator • Contributor • Decision maker • Season long • 2 years to complete ordinary master farmer and another 1 year for AMF • Training and Crop production Units originated • Training material centred • Participator • Contributor • Decision maker Master farmer Training Scheme Conventional extension approach 15 • Scheduled • Adhoc • Extension/program originated • Training scheme programme centred • Passive Participator • Management decisions usually prescribed • Study Circle leader/farmer • Farmer trainers • Government extension system • Continuous and not focused. • Repetitive year in year out • Extension originated • None existent • Observer • Listener • Management decisions prescribed • Government extension systems • NGOs 15 Included for comparison since it is still the most commonly used extension approach in the region. 17
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