An Illustrated Chronology of the NASA Marshall Center and MSFC ...

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1961 JANUARY- MAY1961 On January31 NASA conducted the Mercury-Redstoneflight MR-2mission at Cape C_naveml.A 37-pound male chimpanzee, Ham, rode in a regularMercuryspacecraft walghing2400 pounds to nn altitudeof ISS milesand a distanceof 420 miles.Because of prematurelox depletionwhichactivatedanabortsisnalresultingIn lncrea:_dvelocity, the spacecraft went 40 miles higherand 130 miles fartherdownrangeman Intended. Otherwisethe flightwassuccessful[32]. in Jar. _ry ConvairAstronanticssubmitteda proposalfor an S-V upper stage for the Saturnvehicle;however,laterin the month Dr.yonBraunproposedthat the C-I vehicle ,:hangedfrom a three-stageto a two-stage€onfigurationin support of the Apollo program.NASAdecidedto deleterequlr_.ments for the S-Vstageon C-I vehicles[331. On April 10 NASA announcedthe ProjectApollo objectiveof developingan orbiting laboratoryfor the.study of effects of radla'lonand prolongedweightlessness,firstwith animalsand laterwith a three-mancrew.DuringAprilDouglasreportedthatair transport for the S-iV stage was feasible.(Douglas had been authorized In 1960 to study air transportationfor S-iV st_l;es.)This would greatly reduce the time which would be requiredIf the stagesweremovedby waterfrom Californiato MSFCat Huntsville,and thenceto Cape Canaveral,Florida,The use of gliders,blimps,andother aircraftto carry thesta_eswas alsoconsidered134]. On April 17 the Pa/_emo_beganits firsttrialrunto CapeCanaveral.The bargecardeda water-ballastedtank _dmulatlngthe size and weightof the 8-1booster,plusa dummyS-V stagefor the SA-I [3_l. MSFCcompletedconstructionof its dynamic test toweron April 17, the sameday that the Pa/aemo_ left f_,t Florida. The dynamic tower weald permit checkout of the mechanicalmatingof the C-I vehicleand would aid tn determiningthe vehicle'snatural bendingcharacteristicsand the effect of simulatedflightvibrations[36|. MercurY-Redstone MR-3carriedour nation'sfirst astronautinto spaceat 9:34 a.m.EST on May 5, 1961. AstronautAlan B. Shepard'sparachute.cushionedspacecraftlandedIn the Atlantic Ocean 14.8 minutes later, at 9:49 a,m. Thiscountry'sfirst astronauthad traveledIIS mileshigh and 302 miles to the south at a maximumspeed of SI00 mUes per hour [37l. In MayNASAHeadquartersacceptedMSFC'sproposalto lncorpot_,tedesignchangesInto the S-I stageof the C-I vehicle.The changeswouldpermitthe C-I to be usedasa two. or three-stagevehiclepos.',_ssing satisfactorysafetyrequirementsfor the two-stagemanned miss/on,This changeeliminatedthe Immediateneed foran S-Vstagewith the C-I except for specialmtssions,Also dudngMayMSFCbeganreexaminationor the capabilitiesof the SaturnC-2configurationto supportlunarcircumnavigationmissions.Resultsof this examination Indicatedthat a Saturn vehicle of even greaterperformancewould be desirable[381. PRECEDINGPAO8 BLANK NOT FILMED 21
C-2Second Stageconcept _ JD _,x'_ Six-engine Facilities construction configllration at La,llch Complex 34 Redesijtnedtall of the Saturn booster The bargePalaemonwas used to transport the Satllrnbetween MSFC a_d the Cape 22
Page 1: . . MAY 1974 ffSFCPROGRAM 1960,4, 1
Page 4 and 5: Postscript Althoushthis chronologye
Page 6 and 7: CONTENTS 195"; ....................
Page 8 and 9: AUGUST - DECEMI_It 1958 1958 On Aus
Page 10 and 11: JANUARY- JULY 1959 1959 Concurrentl
Page 12 and 13: SEPTEMBER- DECEMBER1959 in Septembe
Page 14 and 15: ProposedC-2 1959
Page 16 and 17: 1960 Initial conflSu_tion of the $.
Page 18 and 19: 1960 ._.VI'I I_ '_' , • , Q . €
Page 20 and 21: 196o ,_triwtural /abrlcat/on of ,gA
Page 22 and 23: 1960 Dedicationof GeorgeC. Marshall
Page 26 and 27: JUNE - JULY 1961 On June2 a lock co
Page 28 and 29: AUGUST- NOVEMBER 1961 On August 24
Page 30 and 31: NOVEMBER- DECEMBER 1961 Late i,'t 1
Page 32 and 33: A helicopterlifts Shepm,dfrom water
Page 34 and 35: 1961 Instrument unltmockup Testing[
Page 36 and 37: 1961 I; Possible Nova conflgurathms
Page 38 and 39: 1961 OnMSFC'sfirst annivers¢"' Jul
Page 40 and 41: 1961 I Conceptof new stath"test[acl
Page 42 and 43: 1961 Mlchoudplant at New Orleans Sa
Page 44 and 45: 1961 BargePromise F.I engine and te
Page 46 and 47: 1962 SA.2 erected oil la,nch pedest
Page 48 and 49: 1962 P t I HA TON VA. '-,.,, $PACET
Page 50 and 51: Launch Complex 37 under constructio
Page 52 and 53: Staticfiring of P:I engine
Page 54 and 55: 1962 At the close of MSFC's second
Page 56 and 57: Iq62 Presiden!Ken,r,l.r and .11S! '
Page 58 and 59: 1%2 ! L¢-39Vehicle AssemblyBuildin
Page 60 and 61: 1963 I ir.l teat stand Saturn vehic
Page 62 and 63: 1963 S.I! Seal Beach facility \ Cra
Page 64 and 65: 1963 S.IVdynamicfacilities stageatC
Page 66 and 67: 1963 Ctmaplete Y.ting at/llichoud D
Page 68 and 69: 1963 ,.:t a. Barrel assembly i ¢.
Page 70 and 71: 1963 Assembly of S-I-9 stage Dredgi
Page 72 and 73: 70 lntertank for S.I€.T
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a. $-II aft Interstage b. $-I1 forw
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1903 d. Payloadadapter [ Payload e.
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1963
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1964 • , : .1"""_1 _ "',_'_".. _+
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1964 Saturn i Iox tattk which would
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1964 MSFC Director Wernher yon Brau
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1964 First J.2 production engine de
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1964 Lox tankassemblyfor S-]VB stag
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1964 SA-7 riscs Structural test sta
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1964 r" Douglas pe:sonncl w_rking m
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1964 I i Bulkhead for Saturn V seco
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1964 Laboratory and R_. _._ enginee
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1964 L t L._ flulldup of Saturn V J
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JANUARY - MARCH lgM, 196S MSFC comt
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qARCH - AUGUST 1965 In March NASA d
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AUGUST - OCTOBER 196S 1"1:0first fu
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NOVEMBER1965 Thirty-six MSFC employ
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1965 0 Static test ufallfive engine
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1965 S-IC static firing • _'° ;
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1965 TechnicianscheckingRocketdyne-
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1965 $.1VB-202installedin Test Stan
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1965 ThisaerialphotogHph made In Oc
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196S Ma/orcotnponems ofJ-2engine b
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1966 Studies on reusable transport
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1966 $.IC-T removed front test stan
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1966 H.I engine
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1966 UpratedSalurnI launchvehicle c
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1966 Saturn V It; movement at KS€
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1966 Q $.11facilitiesot $¢alBrock
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1966 S.I VB-302 arceptam'e prlng at
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1966 General view of S-IVB.301 abu_
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11,1.501 arrlves a!KS¢ aboardSuper
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1966 $-H.F stage being unloade4 at
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1967 JANUARY.- FEBRUARY1967 The lin
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FEBRUARY - APRIL 1967 15 Saturn V s
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APRIl, - JUNE 1967 Douglas Aircraft
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JUNE 1967 The Centerannouncedon Jun
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JUNE- AUGU,qT 1967 x,nd one us an S
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AUGUST- OCTOBER1967 rocketand Its p
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OCTOUEI{- NOVEMBER!9f!7 brought the
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NOVEMBER 1_'! development l'lil;hls
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NOVEbIBER - DECEMBER 1967 1969, wou
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DECEMBER 1967 toured the AAP mock a
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1967 SealBeachcomplex AstronautsaJs
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1967 S.IC.5 on PearlRiver Ii '" Y_'
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1967 $.IYB-21 !, lhmtlnlto. Beach f
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Sll,lell ,'Onalmter comldeX Vehich,
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1068 SIC stage arriml at K$C • ,.
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1968 MTF, S.IC. $-I! booster storag
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1968 SIC.flight stage, MIchoud mcNt
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1968 / S-ll.4 removal from vertical
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1908 / i,I S-II stageon transporter
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1960 Saturn V in high bay area VAB
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1968 Stage ,t base of S-IC stand at
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19611 t AS.502 mlsshm seqltence Unc
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196h Top view ,f Neutral Iluul'am:_
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1960 188
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U Saturn V malor c¢mlractor$ • I
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1968 This Is an aerial view of the
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19611 !i: if ! MSFC Director I¢ern
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1968 196
Page 196 and 197:
k Mission ConlrolCenter Launch Cont
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F ' _ :i Apollo 8 crew - Astronauts
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JANUARY - FEBRUARY 1969 1969 The ye
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FEBRUARY - MARCH _969 bold and aure
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MARCH 1969 had viral infectionsin t
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MARCH 1969 Personnelat the KennedyS
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MAR(Ill - APRIL 1969 needed. In sum
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A]_RIL1969 (LM pilot). The backup c
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APRIL - MAY 1969 low earth orbit In
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MAY1969 CharlesW, Mathews,NASA'sDep
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MAY 1969 feet and again for a 2.3-m
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MAY- JUNE 1969 In NASA's 1969 Aslrm
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JUL969 employeeswho wouldnot otherw
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JULY 1969 moon of the at world's 9:
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AUGUST 1969 would provide precise a
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AUGUST - SEFrEMBER 1969 MeanwhUe,th
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OCTOBER - NOVF.MBF.,R1969 support e
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NOVF, MI_R 1969 contingencysamplesa
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JANUARY 1970 1970 On January 2 MSFC
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JANUARY - FEBRUARY 1970 Florida. Th
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FEBRUARY 1970 capabdlty for llfqng
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FEBRUARY - MARCH 1970 rendezvousand
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APRIL 1970 Space Shuttle mission ca
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APRIL 1970 NASA°s ill-fated Apollo
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APRIL - MAY 1970 recovery drip less
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MAY - JUNE 1970 On May 21 MSFC nego
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1970 :: ./ , _l_d, s AIriock traine
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1970 mb 0111111111111111 • llllln
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lg70 S.IC stage erection at MTF Ast
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1970 SenatorJohn J. Sparkman(second
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1970 -. .... /,..,,.,._,,. Conceptd
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SEPTEMBER1970 manufacturingthe. Wor
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SEPTEMBER- OCTOBER 1970 being made
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NOVEMBER1970 On November8 NASA invi
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DECEMBEP,1970 rr.quirelnent,_.Jerry
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JANUARY 1971 1971 On January g h:re
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JANUARY - FEBRUARY 1971 509 was als
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FEBRUARY 1971 on February 9. The as
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F'EBRUAKY- MARCII1971 in early and
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MARCII 1971 On March I President Nl
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,VlARCII- APRIL 1971 their tools, s
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APRIl, 1971 MSFC announced on April
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APRIl, - MAY 1971 MSFC announced on
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MAY - JUNE 1971 297 employees from
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JUNE 1971 On June 3 a SkylabWork_lo
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C_.nterfor the Research and Applica
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JUNE 1971 In a leadingI'ro,lt pages
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.... JUNE - JULY 1971 The CDDT for
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JULY 1971 were developed and relaye
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SEPTEMBER- OCTOBER1971 autographs,a
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NOVEMBER- DECEMBER1971 Oii November
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1972 JANUARY 1972 As prep:_rationsf
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JANUARY 1972 On Jant:at¥ 13 MSFC a
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JANUARY - FEBRUARY 1972 1975. lions
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FEBRUARY 1972 near-earth space. Bio
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MARCH 1972 Ten daysalter Dr. Reeswr
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MAIl(31 - AI'HIh 1972 developedover
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APRIl, 1972 wasscheduledto becomedi
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APRIl, 1972 on the Ilrst day of the
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APRIl, - MAY 1972 9:17 p.m. The Apo
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MAY- JULY 1972 positions for whicl_
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JUI.Y - OCTOllEI{ 1972 remain with
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DECEMBER 1972 orbiting in the CSM a
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1973 JANUARY 1973 MSFC began 1973 f
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JANUARY - FEBRUARY 1973 An early u_
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FEBRUARY - APRIL 1973 The Apollo 17
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APRIL - MAY 1973 Waltz.and Dr Josep
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MAY 1973 Redstone Arsenal airport W
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MAY - JUNE 1973 Activation of the W
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JIINE 19'/8 Industryon Jt_lv 2, 19'
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APPENDICES 343
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I. Army BallisticMissileAgency, Dep
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38. See note 3, p. 28, 39. See note
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76. MSFC Saturn SystemsOffice: Satu
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114. MSFCP&VEDiv.:EngineManagementO
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153. MSFCMemo,Subject:PegasusSchedu
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190. NASA Menlo from Dr. G.E. Muell
Page 350 and 351:
230. MSFC: Results oi the Third Sat
Page 352 and 353:
271. See note 242, pp. 68-72. 272.
Page 354 and 355:
314. Interviewwith B.ll. Aldddge, C
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356. See note 327, pp. 5-38. 357. S
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400. Interviewwith p.I. Howell Ri_s
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442. MSFC P&VE Lab.: MPR,Dec. 1968.
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485. Seenote 452, p. 14. 486. Vivla
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526. Interviewwi!h RossHunter, MSFC
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570. Seenote 454, p. 169. 571. Seen
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61I. Memo, Roy E. Godfrey to Dr. Re
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656. See note 521. 657. FRCRelease1
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697. Minute,_of the Staffand BoardM
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740. See note 693. p. 292. 741. MSF
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783. Dr.JamesC. Fletcher, Dr.G_orge
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823. MSFC SkylabProgramOffice: Week
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APPENDIX B ABBREVIATIONS ANDACRONYM
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LI battleshipstage BP nonillglttsin
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I:.SF. KS'l" EVA EVA/IVA electrictt
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Iox Lockheed liquidoxYl_¢n L(ickh
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O OART O&C OMSF OSSA OW5 Office or"
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SealBeach SL SLA SL('C Slldell SM S
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TEXAS TO ALABAMA After World War |l
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S,:lentistsor militaryofficersnamed
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It had nine organizationsresponsibl
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MSFC'sFIFTH YEAR July I, 1964- June
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MSFC'sNINTH YEAR July I, 1968- June
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Corporationof Downey,California,for
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0 l!!t!tll I iiiii !!!i It!1 !!i!!1
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APPENDIXE MSFC'sMANPOWER STATUS ! ,
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' ' Oi ON DATE OF GREATEST EMPLOYME
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PRECEDINGPAGE BLA_K NOT FILM|'_ 427
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MARSHALLSPACEFL!GHT CENTER AVERAGE
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APPEND IX G MSFCFUNDING 431
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