PHYSICAL EVIDENCE MANUAL - Crime Scene Investigator Network

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Physical Evidence Manual Swabbing 1. Moisten a sterile cotton swab using distilled water or tap water. 2. Shake the swab to remove excess water. 3. Gently swab the stain with the moistened swab tip until the swab thoroughly absorbs the blood. Continue collecting the stain until it is either completely collected or a sufficient number of swabs (at least 4-6) have been saturated. 4. Allow the swabs to thoroughly air-dry. 5. The dried swabs can be placed in paper container (e.g. envelope, paper bag) and sealed. 6. Select an unstained area adjacent to the suspected bloodstain and collect a sample in the same manner as described above. This sample will serve as a negative control. Cut out the stain This may be desirable when the dried bloodstain is on an object such as the upholstery of a car seat or on carpeting. Use a clean, sharp knife or scissors to excise the stained area. Include areas that are unstained in your cutting for use as a negative control. Package into a paper envelope and seal. Remember that you may be liable any time you destroy property. Saliva Evidence Saliva stains are not usually evident from a visual examination. However, certain types of evidence frequently contain traces of saliva (e.g. cigarette butts, gummed surfaces of envelopes, chewing gum, bite marks, ski and/or nylon masks, etc.). Collecting Saliva Evidence If the stained object is transportable, submit the item intact. If it is not transportable, such as bite marks on a body, collect the saliva stain in the following manner: 1. Moisten a sterile cotton swab with distilled or tap water. 2. Shake the swab to remove excess water. 3. Gently swab the suspected saliva stain. 4. Allow the swab to thoroughly air-dry prior to packaging in a paper envelope and seal. 5. Select an unstained area and collect a sample in the same manner as described above. This swab will serve as a negative control. Adopted: May 2002 Revisions: 6 Last Revision: January 31, 2008 6-4
Physical Evidence Manual Semen Evidence When the perpetrator of a sexual offense is a male, semen stains may be found on the victim as well as on clothing, bedding, rags, upholstery and other objects. Collecting Semen Evidence Carefully recover all suspected stained material. Each item of evidence should be packaged separately and carefully to prevent loss of any trace evidence that may be present. Air-dry all damp stains. Consider marking the location of a damp stain on the evidence itself, as it may not be visible when dry. Clean paper should be spread under the item to catch any debris, which may be dislodged during the drying process, and between items hanging next to each other to prevent cross contamination. Package each item separately in paper bags or envelopes, along with any paper used. If the semen stain is on an object that cannot be easily submitted to the laboratory, contact your local laboratory for instructions on how to recover the stain. Sexual Assault Forensic Examination (SAFE) Kits Biological evidence associated with the body of a sexual assault victim needs special attention. The victim needs to be transported to a medical facility for a sexual assault examination. This should be done as expeditiously as possible in order to preserve what remains of the biological evidence and to document any physical trauma. Consider having photographs taken of any physical trauma, as well. Attending medical personnel should collect the appropriate evidence by using the Sexual Assault Forensic Examination Kit provided to them by the Forensic Services Division. In general, if more than 72 hours has elapsed from the time of the sexual assault to the time of the medical examination, the chances of finding semen evidence in the body of a living victim are greatly diminished. However, it may be prudent to collect a sexual assault kit if you have any doubts or concerns. Some guidelines go out to 84 hours for the collection of this type of evidence. This time range does not apply to deceased victims; it is recommended that you collected a sexual assault evidence kit from deceased victims regardless of the elapse time. Bathing, showering, and douching by the victim does not necessarily eliminate the possibility of finding semen evidence in body cavities, so collect a sexual assault kit even under these circumstances. Showering or bathing may, however, Adopted: May 2002 Revisions: 6 Last Revision: January 31, 2008 6-5
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PHYSICAL EVIDENCE MANUAL - Crime Scene Investigator Network

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