ASNT Level III- Visual & Optical Testing

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Keywords: Photoelectricity detection • photoelectric cells, • bolometers or • thermopiles, • photomultipliers • or closed circuit television systems. Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang
Bolometer consists of an absorptive element, such as a thin layer of metal, connected to a thermal reservoir (a body of constant temperature) through a thermal link. The result is that any radiation impinging on the absorptive element raises its temperature above that of the reservoir — the greater the absorbed power, the higher the temperature. The intrinsic thermal time constant, which sets the speed of the detector, is equal to the ratio of the heat capacity of the absorptive element to the thermal conductance between the absorptive element and the reservoir. The temperature change can be measured directly with an attached resistive thermometer, or the resistance of the absorptive element itself can be used as a thermometer. Metal bolometers usually work without cooling. They are produced from thin foils or metal films. Today, most bolometers use semiconductor or superconductor absorptive elements rather than metals. These devices can be operated at cryogenic temperatures, enabling significantly greater sensitivity. Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang
Page 1 and 2: ASNT Level III- Visual & Optical Te
Page 3 and 4: Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang Fion Zhan
Page 5 and 6: SECTION 1: FUNDAMENTALS OF VISUAL A
Page 7 and 8: Part 1: DESCRIPTION OF VISUAL AND O
Page 9 and 10: 1.2.0 Luminous Energy Tests Visual
Page 11 and 12: 1.3.0 Geometrical Optics 1.3.1 Imag
Page 13 and 14: Keywords: Monochromatic light produ
Page 15 and 16: Compared to incandescent lamps, gas
Page 17 and 18: Vapor Discharged Lamp Charlie Chong
Page 19 and 20: A monochromator is an optical devic
Page 21 and 22: Monochromator used prisms or gratin
Page 27 and 28: 1.3.3 Stroboscopic Sources The stro
Page 29 and 30: Stroboscopic Movement Charlie Chong
Page 31 and 32: Stroboscopic Sources Charlie Chong/
Page 33 and 34: Stroboscopic Glasses Charlie Chong/
Page 35 and 36: 千手观音 Charlie Chong/ Fion
Page 37: 1.3.4 Light Detection and Recording
Page 41 and 42: Bolometer Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang
Page 43 and 44: Thermopiles Charlie Chong/ Fion Zha
Page 45 and 46: Thermopiles Charlie Chong/ Fion Zha
Page 47 and 48: Photo Detector Comparisons http://h
Page 49 and 50: Semiconductor devices, particularly
Page 51 and 52: Photomultiplier Charlie Chong/ Fion
Page 53 and 54: Photoelectric Cell • Photovoltaic
Page 55 and 56: Photovoltaic Cell Charlie Chong/ Fi
Page 57 and 58: Photoemissive Cell- Photoemissive c
Page 59 and 60: Photoemissive Cell: Analysis of sod
Page 61 and 62: Fluorescence Detection Charlie Chon
Page 63 and 64: Part 2: History of Borescope 2.1.0
Page 65 and 66: Borescopes and related instruments
Page 67 and 68: Flexible borescopes for industrial
Page 69 and 70: Digitized Borescope Charlie Chong/
Page 71 and 72: Crampton continued to supply custom
Page 73 and 74: FIGURE 2. Tests of forgings for a s
Page 75 and 76: 2.1.4 Wartime Borescope Development
Page 77 and 78: The inspector standing directly in
Page 79 and 80: Manhattan Project Charlie Chong/ Fi
Page 81 and 82: 2.1.5 Borescopes and Aircraft Tests
Page 83 and 84: After a half century of pioneering
Page 85 and 86: By 1965, there were standards for t
Page 87 and 88: During 1978, ASNT subcommittees wer
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The accumulated data are then proce
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FIGURE 8. Pattern changes illustrat
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The differences between a search fo
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3.2 Weber's Law 3.2.1 General Weber
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FIGURE 9. Stages of visual percepti
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3.3. Vision Acuity 3.3.1 General Vi
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The light energy is received and co
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FIGURE 11. Magnified cross section
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3.3.3 Determining Vision Acuity The
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3.4 Vision Acuity Examinations 3.4.
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3.4.3 Far Vision Examinations Condi
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If an applicant does not pass the e
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Ototype Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang
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Golovin-Sivtsev Table Charlie Chong
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3.4.5 Vision Acuity Examination Req
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The background luminance of the cha
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TABLE 1. Eye examination system con
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3.5 Visual Angle 3.5.1 Posture Post
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The commonly quoted optimum, includ
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FIGURE 14. Shifting eye positions c
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3.6 Color Vision 3.6.1 General Ther
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Color Vision Examinations-Ishihara
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Color Vision Examinations-Ishihara
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TABLE 2. Causes of acquired color v
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3.6.3 Color Vision Classifications
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Anomaloscope Test Charlie Chong/ Fi
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TABLE 4. Naval Submarine Medical Re
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As with vision acuity examinations,
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Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang http://ww
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Individuals in these categories con
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Caps for Color Vision Examinations
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PLATE 2. Colored caps for normal co
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PLATE 4. Colored caps for red blind
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PLATE 6. Colored caps for blue blin
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3.7 Fluorescent Materials 3.7-1 Gen
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While the fundamental aspects of fl
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FIGURE 15. Electromagnetic spectrum
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FIGURE 16. Human eye response to li
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FIGURE 16. Human eye response at 10
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Fluorescence Testing Charlie Chong/
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4.1 Need for Safety Developments in
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4.2 Laser Hazards 4.2.1 General Los
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Laser standards of manufacture and
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4.2.2 High Luminance Visible Light
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4.3 Infrared Hazards Infrared radia
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Studies have clarified the spectral
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If injurious effects continue to de
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If the inspector is concerned about
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4.5 Photosensitizers While ultravio
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where L λ , could be any other spe
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Calculation of the permissible lumi
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Because different regions of the re
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4.8 Blue Hazard The so-called blue
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4.10 Eye Protection Filters Because
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ASNT Level III- Visual & Optical Testing

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