In Conjunction with Cultural Anthropology - Touro Institute

12. alienation 24. culture of poverty
25. refugees
a. the systematic extermination of a people
b. the borrowing of the idea for a cultural trait by one society from another, with the
implementation of that idea being more or less determined within the borrowing
culture
c. underdeveloped nation undergoing industrialization
d. displaced people who have been forced from their homes and means of livelihood
because of the fear of political persecution
e. the concept that the more efficient a culture becomes at harnessing energy for society,
the more expensive and difficult it becomes to implement new means of increasing
efficiency
f. changes in a culture as a result of discovery or invention
g. an approach to life often found in situations of poverty in which actions are directed
only to satisfying the needs of the present, by spending and consuming all income,
because saving for the future seems futile
h. change in the direction of increasing adaptive specialization
i. the systematic destruction of a traditional way of life
j. the process of change from an economy based on home production of goods to one
based on large-scale, mechanized factory production
k. the idea that the successive stages of general evolutionary change are not likely to
occur in the same locality
l. a fatalistic outlook common in situations of peasant poverty, in which the drudgery of
life is not believed to bring much reward, since the achievement of one person can
only be accomplished at the expense of another
m. the concept that a culture's capacity to move from one general evolutionary stage to
another varies inversely with the degree of its specific evolutionary adaptation to its
environment
n. the process in which two or more cultures interact intensely so that they change in the
process of borrowing traits and adjusting to each other
o. the concept that increases in energy harnessed or in efficiency of its use through
technological change are the primary cause of cultural evolution
p. change that occurs to a culture when when a previously distinct society comes in
contact with and interacts intensively with another society and loses its autonomy in
the process
q. the process in which an increasing portion of a society’s population becomes
concentrated in cities
r. the principle that the cultural system that effectively exploits the energy resources of a
given environment has the tendency to spread into that environment at the expense of
less effective systems
s. the contemporary world system in which exploitation of underdeveloped nations'
enforced by the economic necessity of their participation rather than by political
coercion
t. people who use non-industrialized, labor-intensive techniques for producing food and