International Journal of Interventional Cardioangiology

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EXPERIMENTAL CARDIOLOGY in the blood were measured using the enzymatic rate method; these investigations were performed at Marshfield Laboratories, Marshfield, Wisconsin. Evaluation of surface area affected by athero sclerosis Aortas were opened longitudinally, stretched onto a piece of mounting board and fixed using 10% formalin. Following fixation, samples were immersed in 70% ethanol for 24 hours. Samples were stained using 70% ethanol and 2 gm Sudan IV for 24 hours and rinsed using 70% ethanol. The Rabbit’s aorta was photographed with a digital camera. ADOBE PhotoShop was used to calculate the atherosclerotic area and its percentage of involvement in the aorta. The aorta was divided into two segments: thoracic and abdomen. Total pixel numbers for each area were calculated using the rectangular marquee tool. From “SELECT” tool bar (“COLOR RANGE”), the eyedropper tool was used to choose the intermediate color in the segment that we selected. We adjusted the fuzziness to 200 in order to calculate pixels for the entire segment. To calculate pixel numbers we used the “IMAGE” tool bar and selected “HISTOGRAM”, using channel “LUMINOSITY”. Atherosclerotic area was calculated for each segment by using the pixel number of the atheroma and pixel number of whole segment. We calculated the percentage surface area of the atherosclerosis by dividing the atheroma’s pixel number by the whole segment’s pixels. These steps were repeated for all segments of all rabbits in the study. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS The results are expressed as the mean ± standard deviation of the mean. All analyses were performed with appropriate software (SAS Institute, Inc, Version 8.0, Windows application). Resultant fraction was found to be significant if p0.05) Weight of Heart, Liver and Spleen Weights of heart, liver, and spleen (series 2, 6, and 7) were measured after sacrifice of the animals. Weight of the heart after 11 weeks of HCD (series 2) was 7.0±0.4 g, after 11 weeks of HCD, followed by 8 weeks of ND (series 6) – 6.9±0.3 g (p>0.05) and after 11 weeks of HCD followed by 8 weeks ND with EI (series 7) – 6.3±0.2 g (p0.05); and after 11 weeks of HCD followed by ND with EI (series 7) – 136.7±5.1g (p0.05) and after 11 weeks of HCD followed by ND with EI (series 7) – 2.9±0.5 g (p>0.05). Level of blood cholesterol Level of blood cholesterol was investigated in series 2, 6 and 7. Serum cholesterol at baseline was 71.8±32.4 mg/dL for all rabbits. This increased to 1449.6±419.1 mg/dL (p0.05). However, in series 7 rabbits with 8 weeks of normal diet and EI, the iron level in the blood decreased to 116.0±16.4 ug/dL (p
EXPERIMENTAL CARDIOLOGY Atherosclerotic area Thoracic aorta After 8 weeks of HCD (series 1) area covered by atherosclerotic plaque was 46.9±7.5%. After 11 weeks of HCD (series 2) this percentage increased to 57.5±5.0% (p>0.05). When electrical stimulation was applied simultaneously with HCD (series 5), after 11 weeks there was 6 times less atherosclerotic plaques in thoracic aorta (7.6±7.2% vs. 57.5±5.0%, p < 0.0001). When normal diet was applied for 8 weeks after preliminary 8 or 11 weeks of HCD, there was no statistically significant decrease in atherosclerotic area. In series 3 this area decreased to 40.6±6.1% (vs. 46.9±7.5%., p>0.05), and in series 6 to 49.1±7.9% (vs. 57.5±5.0%, p>0.05). The results completely changed when electrical impulses were applied. In series 4 (8 weeks of HCD after 8 weeks of ND plus EI) the surface covered by atherosclerotic plaque decreased to 18.4±6.3% (p
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