Reading (1 hour 1 5 minutes)

PAPER 1
Reading (1 hour 1 5 minutes)
You are going to read a magazine article about tweenagers, a word used to describe an
age group of children who are not yet teenagers. Choose the most suitable heading from
the list A{ for each part (1-7) of the article. There is one extra heading which you do not
need to use. There is an example at the beginning (0).
Mark your answers on the separate answer sheet.
A
Tweenagers readily accept what
they're told
D
The commercial value of the
tweenage market
G
Tweenagers are in control of
what they do
c
Factors affecting tweenage
behaviour
The young are getting older every
day
Basically a tweenager remains a
child
Tweenagers have real spending
power
H
The end of childhood for
tweenagers
The need to belong is very
strong
:e
0
Tweenagers.It's one of those labels that marketing and
advertising people stick onto new consumer groups to
persuade them to buy more of the products that are
suitable for their life-stage and their life-style. In the
case of tweenagers, it's the eight to twelve-year-olds who
want to grow up as fast as they can, and who copy the
fashions and behaviour of the teenagers they can't wait
to become.
1
In the UK there are about four million children in this age
group and in the last ten years this group has become a
clearly separate social and economic unit. The market for
children's clothes, music, mobile phones and so on in this
category is estimated to be worth about f30 billion.
2
Most of these children have lived through a period of
economic wealth and, according to recent research,
pocket money has risen by 32% over six years.
Consequently, tweenagers are a marketer's dream.
3
From a psychologist's point of view, up until the age of
eight, a child's family is his or her most important
reference point and biggest influence. From eight
onwards, other influences become important -
particularly friends of the same age and sex, and role
models from the world of entertainment and sport.
4
Eight to twelve is a broad age range and includes various
levels of maturity. There are still ten-year-olds who are
secretly happier playing with dolls or toy cars than
shopping for the latest fashion labels or watching soaps
on television. But the pressure of friends means it's quite
hard for them to follow their real interests as they want
to fit in with their peer group.
5
Before the age of eleven or twelve children have not
developed the capacity for abstract thinking. This means
that they receive information from the media but are not
very likely to question what they see and hear. A
teenager can watch something and ask questions like:
'Are they just trying to sell me something?' Teenagers
rebel and protest but tweenagers take it all at face value,
so are much more easily persuaded.
5
Many teachers of this age group also comment on the
fact that tweenagers are into pop culture and fashion
from the age of eight onwards. Most children of today
get a lot less physical freedom than previous
generations, but a lot more freedom of choice. Many
stay up late to watch what they like on television and
make friends with who they like.
7
One teacher who has taught this age range for a number
of years said, 'I like tweenagen By the time they are
eight or nine most of them have developed a wicked
sense of humour, and they can really make me laugh.
Below that age they're still sweet, still want to please the
teacher and do well. In spite of their fashionable life
styles, however, they are still quite innocent. The
important thing is that they may look like teenagers,
speak like teenagers and want to be teenagers, but they
are still just children.'
TEST 5, PAPER 1
tr

You are going to read an article about a UK journalist called Paul Howells who gives advice
on how to design web pages for the internet. For Questions 8-15, choose the correct
answer A, B, C or D.
Mark your answers on the separate answer sheet.
What I love about my job is the variety.
I get enquiries from people all over the
world asking me how they should go
about setting up their own website. I've
been asked about so many subjects -
anything from someone wanting to teach
people how to throw boomerangs to
another person selling paper flowers
which they make at home in their spare
time.
Obviously with all the thousands of
websites available at the click of a button,
you want to create an impression with
14 your website so that it becomes a mustsee
destination. Not everyone is prepared,
however, for the way in which a website
can become so popular that it actually has
to be closed down.
When people first set up their website
they probably pay their web advertiser a
monthly fee based on the number of hits
or page impressions their site receives. If
they can pay their monthly fee without it
costing them too much, that is the best
that most people hope for. One guy, Pete
Bennett, whom I helped, wanted to set up
a one-stop shop to provide decent images
of the world's flags. He'd been fascinated
by flags since his boyhood and had no
idea that thousands of other people
shared his passion. Anyway, in one month
his web page had over 1..5 million hits. As
a result his internet provider trebled the
fee that he was being charged. He wasn't
a rich person and he couldn't afford to
spend that amount of money on a hobby
without any benefit to himself, so he
decided to carry advertising on his site.
He found a company whieh specialises in
smaller sites and adverts were added to
the pagos on hir website. So, although he
, dpes. nt $rsk,e,!ugs prqfilt, tt lea$t hi* ' :
'
,;;lr$hX, .*il$t,. ,lm".
If you have specialist skills or expertise, it
can pay you to sell the products that
people want. I helped one woman design
a page to advertise the fact that she tells
fortunes, based on the information that
her clients supply her with. If you want 4s
her to tell your fortune, you fill in a
questionnaire online - your age, date of
birth, hobbies, interests and so on and for
a small fee she e-mails you back your
fortune. You can print it out and it looks
really good, decorated with moons and
stars, your zodiac sign and your
birthstone. I tried it myself and although
I'm not sure I believe it, my future
according to her is positive and exciting.
I also found out that for someone born in
August, like me, the birthstone is a
peridot, a pale green stone which I'd
never even heard of!
I also get a fair number of complaints
from people e-mailing me tq say that they
can't access a website. When'they click on
the site a message appears on their screen
saying'An error has occurred in the script
on this page'. This usually happens when
someone has tried to achieve fancy effects
on their website by using programming
techniques based on a scripting language.
This means that unless they really know
what they are doing, whoever designed
the site has probably made a mistake in
their programming. This is where people
like me come in. Most computer
instruction guides make things appear
quite straightforward, but unless you're
very skilled, you're likely to run into
problems. It's generally worth getting a
professional to help you set up your site in
the first place *otherwise people like me
would be out of work. And let's face it,
@
TEST 5, PAPER 1

10
What does Paul Howells enjoy most about his job?
A dealing with different people
B his worldwide contacts
C teaching design skills
D the range of topics
What does Paul mean by 'a must-see destination' in lines 14/15?
A a website that can no longer be seen
B a website that everyone wants to visit
C a website that does not make a charge
D a website which has been well prepared
Why did Pete Bennett set up a website on flags?
A He knew lots of people shared his interest.
B He hoped to make a lot of money.
C A web advertiser wanted to sell flags.
D He'd been interested in flags for years.
11
12
13
14
15
Why did Pete Bennett accept advertising on his website?
A to attract more hits
B to repay the huge fee
C to add more interest
D to help him earn same money
Who are the 'clients' referred to in line 49?
A interested people
B web page designers
C internet providers
D product advertisers
Why do error messages sometimes appear?
A People make a mistake in their e-mail address.
B People try to put too much on the web page.
C People have used a program incorrectly.
D People have clicked on the wrong button.
What comment does Paul make about setting up a website?
A lt is usually fairly easy to do.
B You must use a good instruction guide.
C lt can be quite complicated.
D You should rely on your own skills.
What does Paul's final sentence suggest about his work?
A There's a lot of money to be made in designing websites.
B There are far too many websites on the internet.
C There's a big chance of becoming unemployed.
D There are more web page designers than necessary.
TEST 5, PAPER 1
m

You are going to read an article about a university professor. Seven sentences have been
removed from the article. Choose from the sentences A*l the one which fits each gap
(16-21). There is one extra sentence which you do not need to use. There is an example at
the beginning (0).
Mark your answers on the separate answer sheet.
SHE'S THE FIRST EVER PROFESSOR OF POP
Sheila Whiteley is Britain's first Professor of Popular Music at the Open University.
Although she is now in her sixties, Professor Whiteley, like many women of her generation, had a short
career before getting married and having children. m----__l
A
She completed a degree as well as qualifying as a teacher. At that time, at the beginning of the eighties, a
number of university lecturers were developing the academic study of popular culture, including film, TV.
radio and music.
t1
OU course.
The course combined art, music and politics and Sheila Whiteley became a tutor on the
Today, Sheila Whiteley says that popular music is sexist. 'ln the music industry the number of women holding
top positions is few.
groups. ln a recent list of the 100 best guitarists of alltime published by a music magazine, only three were
women. Boys get together and learn how to play at around 12 or 13. m----__-l
wanting to be famous footballers or rock stars, girls want to marry footballers and rock stars.'
ts
While boys grow up
Now, however, when she listens to the latest bands she discusses hip-hop, rap, techno,
ragga and reggae with young would-be rock musicians who are studying on the Popular Music course.
11
'Because the study of popular music is so new there is a freedom which other academic
subjects don't have,'she says.
Topics under research in her department include the politics of certain kinds of music, and the influence of
Norwegian folk music on Nonruegian jazz.
E TEST 5, PAPER 1

A Popular music is such a new area for serious academic study that
it has very few professors in the world, let alone Britain.
B And some recent research suggests that things are not likely to
change in the near future.
C Her publications include three successful books and numerous
articles.
D The Open University led the way in developing a course which laid
the foundations for the study of popular culture in universities.
E Professor Whiteley remains as enthusiastic about modern music as
she was in her youth when the Beatles were around.
F lf you go into a recording studio, it is a strongly male environment.
G This course is a mixture of theory and practical musicianship.
H Once her children had grown up, however, she turned to studying.
TEST 5, PAPER 1
E

You are going to read a magazine article in which three writers describe the best places to
visit if you want to see the biggest cats on Earth. For Questions 22-35, choose from the
people A{. The people may be chosen more than once. When more than one answer is
required. these may be given in any order. There is an example at the beginning (0).
Mark your answers on the separate answer sheet.
Who
finds lions most interesting?
mentions seeing animals by boat?
thinks it's best to go on an organised trip?
says you will always remember seeing an animal?
mentions being in quite a dangerous situation?
is concerned about the fall in animal numbers?
recommends a place to see more than one species?
comments on the way animals organise themselves?
had only one sighting of an animal during a long period?
came across an animal one evening?
comments on animals being visually attractive?
thinks animals could belong to another planet?
thinks it's easy to see cheetahs and leopards?
mentions controlling access to the animals?
ffi-rl
fiffi__--]
I,HEI__--]
rry,l-_l
rffi__l
ttrT__l
ffi__-l
rcr_-l
mt_--l
m-__l
IFEI__l
lE:El-_-l
F{I__l
Fq-_l
ilp$e$
g lr *fr lhuk fot a s*ntsnce th* ffi]krs,tfrg.Eituation clearly dangefun, s{srttho{Sfith,rll
Qrqfion gnr Wh6t sihq rrrsrd$ $g yqir, *nssd fu't'ev6rting?
tbffiei nl lton eke mn wt refer to somethins b6lon$ng to sn$thes plsn6$ : r',, ,:. ,i I
E TEST 5, PAPER 1

For thirty years I have followed the big cats of Africa,
the lions, the leopards and the cheetahs and they have
never lost their magic for me. They are such mysterious
creatures, and in their comings and goings they are like
spirits from another world.
Cheetahs are easy to find because they hunt in
daylight. They are also the fastest animal on Earth with
powerful, long limbs. They cannot fight lions but they
can run away or hide.
Leopards are much harder to find as they are very shy.
But it is lions that I find most exciting of all, and many
years ago it was the lions of the Masai Mara in Kenya
that first caught my imagination.
Lions are the only truly social cats, increasing their
strength by living in groups, called prides. A typical
pride might include about six females and two or three
mature males. Most females remain in the same pride
all their lives, but young males are forced to leave after
two or three years to wander until they become strong
enough to form their own pride.
lf you're hoping to see all three big cats in action,
there is nowhere better than the Masai Mara.
Itb not easy to see a tiger, but when you do, you'll
never forget it. I saw my first one at dusk in Nepal.
Half the tigers in the world live in lndia, but in western
Nepal, on the Kanali River, which is famous for its
dolphins, you can see tigers as well.
When I first saw the tiger it was sitting far away on a
forest road, but it had disappeared when we reached
the spot. I searched the bushes without success, until I
realised a huge male tiger was staring out at me from
among the leaves. I backed away and it sprang across
the road and vanished.
Tigers are so beautiful, orange and stripy, and with
cuddly white spots behind their ears. There are
probably fewer than 7,000 left in the whole world
and sightings of tigers are rare.
lf you want to see tigers, it's worth visiting a Project
Tiger Reserve in lndia. You can stay in governmentrun
rest houses, which are quite cheap. However, you
then have to hire your own transport with a driver
and a guide. You are also likely to be given a fixed
route by the warden which you must keep to. This is
one way of making sure that not everybody goes to
the same place at the same time and it reduces the
amount of disturbance.
For me, the jaguar is the most impressive of all the
big cats. Why? lts beauty? lts status in South
American folk tales? lts power? All these and more.
The jaguar is a rare animal, hard to see, and it
deliberately avoids humans. Almost everyone who
goes on safari in Africa will see a lion and many
people will see cheetahs and leopards. But you have
to be very lucky to see a jaguar.
The jaguar is the world's third largest cat after the
lion and the tiger. lt is most often found in the
tropical rainforest in Brazil, but if you really want to
see one, you have to keep to the rivers and the
beaches. ln the dry season between May and
September you may be lucky and see a jaguar
sunbathing on the river banks, but you can increase
your chances of seeing one if you go on a river
cruise.
ln Central America there are thought to be only a
few hundred, while in Amazonia they are still
widespread. I spent eight months in South America
and only saw a jaguar once during the whole time I
was there.
TEST 5. PAPER 1
ID