Ozonation and PAC addition schemes, results - EU Project Neptune
Ozonation and PAC addition schemes, results - EU Project Neptune
Ozonation and PAC addition schemes, results - EU Project Neptune
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<strong>PAC</strong> <strong>addition</strong> to s<strong>and</strong> filtration<br />
100%<br />
S<strong>and</strong>filter Kloten/Opfikon (15mg<strong>PAC</strong>/l; DOC: effluent biology: 4 - 6mgDOC/l)<br />
S<strong>and</strong>filter Experimental Hall (15mg<strong>PAC</strong>/l DOC: effluent biology: 6.4mg/l; effluent s<strong>and</strong>filter: 4mg/l)<br />
80%<br />
60%<br />
40%<br />
20%<br />
High potential of <strong>PAC</strong> <strong>addition</strong> to s<strong>and</strong>filtration<br />
If <strong>PAC</strong> loss to the effluent can be prevented<br />
Elimination efficiency<br />
Full scale 2008, filtration rate 4.5m/h: TSS loss up to 9 mg/l<br />
0%<br />
Pilot Eawag 2009, filtration rate 6.5 m/h: TSS loss 2-3 mg/l<br />
All trials without <strong>PAC</strong> recycling via back flush water into biology<br />
N-AC-Sulfamethoxa.<br />
N-AC-Sulfamethoxa.<br />
Atenololsäure<br />
Atenololsäure<br />
Metroprolol Metroprolol<br />
Venlafaxin Venlafaxin<br />
Ranitidin Ranitidin<br />
5-Methyl-Benzotriazol<br />
5-Methyl-Benzotriazol<br />
Mefenaminsäure<br />
Mefenaminsäure<br />
Atenolol Atenolol<br />
Terbutryn Terbutryn<br />
Carbendazim<br />
Carbendazim<br />
Triclosan Triclosan<br />
Codein Codein<br />
Ibuprofen Ibuprofen<br />
Iohexol Iohexol<br />
Iopromid Iopromid<br />
Fenoprofen Fenoprofen<br />
Bezafibrat Bezafibrat<br />
Naproxen Naproxen<br />
Diclofenac Diclofenac<br />
BTSA BTSA<br />
Mecoprop Mecoprop<br />
Diuron Diuron<br />
Tramadol Tramadol<br />
Benzoylegconine<br />
Benzoylegconine<br />
Carbamazepin<br />
Carbamazepin<br />
Methadon Methadon<br />
Oxazepam Oxazepam<br />
Primidon Primidon<br />
Dihy.-dihy.-carbama.<br />
Dihy.-dihy.-carbama.<br />
Benzotriazole<br />
Benzotriazole<br />
Carbamazepin<br />
Carbamazepin<br />
Sulfamethoxazol<br />
Sulfamethoxazol<br />
Clarithromycin<br />
Clarithromycin<br />
SRT <strong>PAC</strong> = 12h<br />
All Elimination rates referring to secondary effluent
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