Gondar - Phi Kappa Psi

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the monastaries survived, because they were so inaccessable, but as pockets within a greater Muslim or pagan whole. Ethiopian Orthodoxy, which had very little by way of evangelistic impetus, had little appeal to the newcomers, who found Orthodox fasts odd an onerous and who no more understood the Ge’ez of the liturgy than their Christian neighbours did. The Church also suffered from the lack of leadership and ordiantions for much of the nineteenth century, since the Coptic Patriarch of Alexandria, himself in deep difficulties, did not provide the Ethiopian church with its abuna, and when he did the abuna found himself powerless in the face of the distintegration of the Ethiopian state. Without a strong king to hold it together and direct the abuna, the church was essentially rudderless. The fortunes of the church turned in the latter half of the century, when Egypt provided a new abuna, and when Ethiopia was once again centralized by a succession of kings who were genuinely devout and looked after the interests of the church. The most important of these kings was Menelik II, who succeeded in holding off and defeating the Italian attempts to colonize Ethiopia. His efforts and skills meant that Ethiopia was the only African state whose full sovereignty continued to be recognized by the European powers throughout the Scramble for Africa. In the 20th century Ethiopia has seen the influx of Roman Catholic and Protestant missionaries and the foundation of a number of Protestant churches. Internally, the Ethiopian Orthodox Church won the right to appoint their own Abuna, rather than have the Abuna always be an Egyptian Copt appointed by the Patriarch of Alexandria. Ethiopia is a land of churches. Most village churches are round or octagonal, with a conical grass roof. Monastic churches and older churches are larger and typically rectangular. This reflects the fact that Ethiopian local church architecture adapted itself to the African hut form, though at the same time, it also reflects the fact that the Ethiopian church liturgy, with its emphasis on the holy mysteries in the center of the church, the Tabot (or the ark) also in the center, and with the participation of multiple priests and lay clerks chanting and drumming, simply works better in a round church. Ethiopian Orthodox Churches typically consist of three concentric rings: the innermost ring, called the sanctuary, holds the ark, typically a small wooden coffer. Priests and the emperor take the Eucharist, which is a part of every service [check] in the sanctuary. The second ring is the "holy place" where the congregation receives the sacrament, while the outer ring is called the "choir, " where the priests chant the scriptures in Ge’ez. The Ethiopian Church has maintained many more Jewish practices than most other Christian Churches, every Ethiopian Christian male is circumcised, devout Ethiopian Christians keep Sabbath (as well as Sunday), an ark is an
essential part of every church, and is carried out of the church for festivals , and priests will sacrifice a goat or a lamb for the sick. Ethiopian Christians claim a long Jewish heritage before the coming of Christianity. They trace the royal line back to Menelik (my page)the son of the Queen of Sheba and King Solomon, though that claim cannot be independently verified. They also claim that the true Ark of the Covenant still exists and is kept safe in an Ethiopian monastary. Conclusion of the Gondar intellectual line So what is the lesson of the Gondar line’s intellectual legacy within New York Alpha? The Gondar line proves that our reach with the Sankore line was not a token embrace of diversity after 1969. New York Alpha’s intellectual tradition touches down in both west and east Africa, in both the Muslim and Christian traditions of the continent. The Gondar intellectual line is part of New York Alpha’s local Chapter lore, first recorded by brother Cadwalader E. Linthicum (1885)(1889) and preserved by Walter Sheppard (’29)(’32) and Fred E. Hartzch (’28)(’31). “To know the lore, is to tend the Tree.”
Page 1 and 2: Appendix Theta: The Gondar Intellec
Page 3 and 4: in divinity, so well skilled in lan
Page 5 and 6: He received the sacraments weekly,
Page 7 and 8: Wilhelm Vth studied at, and patroni
Page 9 and 10: of the university were revised. In
Page 11 and 12: Society of Jesus for the University
Page 13 and 14: new national apostasy. The emperor
Page 15 and 16: The canton had not been left uninfl
Page 17 and 18: In 1537 the Catholic clergy had bee
Page 19 and 20: Peter Canisus was sent forth by Ign
Page 21 and 22: Gradually Loyola won Favre and Xavi
Page 23 and 24: Indies, the chief see of the Portug
Page 25 and 26: formerly occupied by a large commun
Page 27 and 28: Fernández for Japan towards the en
Page 29 and 30: Working in the Jesuit tradition, br
Page 31 and 32: New York Alpha’s intellectual and
Page 33 and 34: Portuguese either dwindled in numbe
Page 35 and 36: Susenyos campaigned against the Aga
Page 37 and 38: while living alone in a cave than w
Page 39 and 40: . . . Susenyos of Ethiopia ruled in
Page 41 and 42: . . . Emperor Yekuno Amlak of the S
Page 43 and 44: Iyasus Mo'a with this honor) Anothe
Page 45: In the 12th century Ethiopia emerge

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