Process Air Compressors, Boilers, and Water Heaters #1

1
Process Air Compressors,
Boilers, and Water Heaters #1
California Statewide Utility Codes and Standards Program
Energy Solutions
Heschong Mahone Group, Inc.
Portland Energy Conservation, Inc.
Taylor Engineering
May 25, 2010

CALIFORNIA STATEWIDE UTILITIES CODES AND STANDARDS PROGRAM
2
Agenda
● 10:00–10:15 Introductions
● 10:15–11:15 Water Heater Standby Loss
● 11:15-11:30 Hot Water Temperature Reset
● 11:30-12:15 Process Boilers
12:15– 1:00 Lunch
● 1:00–2:00 Air Compressors
● 2:00–2:15 Closing Comments
CA 2011 Utilities Title 24 2011 CASE Title Process 24 Stakeholder Update Meeting for Proposed Code Changes
May 25, 2010

CALIFORNIA STATEWIDE UTILITIES CODES AND STANDARDS PROGRAM
3
IOU Support for 2011 Title 24
● The California Investor Owned Utilities (IOUs) are
actively supporting the California Energy
Commission (CEC) in developing the state’s
building energy efficiency code (Title 24)
● Their joint intent is to achieve significant energy
savings through the development of
reasonable, responsible, and cost-effective code
change proposals for the 2011 code update and
beyond
● As part of the IOU effort, at the request of the CEC,
we are hosting stakeholder meetings to get
industry input and feedback on our code change
proposals
CA 2011 Utilities Title 24 2011 CASE Title Process 24 Stakeholder Update Meeting for Proposed Code Changes
May 25, 2010

CALIFORNIA STATEWIDE UTILITIES CODES AND STANDARDS PROGRAM
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Code Change Activity
● 2011 T-24 Base Code (Part 6 of Title 24)
● 2011 Reach Standard (Part 11 of Title 24)
● Green Building Standard – i.e. CalGreen
● Voluntary standards that local governments can
adopt
● Future Codes
● 2014 T-24
● Future Reach Codes
CA 2011 Utilities Title 24 2011 CASE Title Process 24 Stakeholder Update Meeting for Proposed Code Changes
May 25, 2010

Requirements for a
Successful Code Change
CALIFORNIA STATEWIDE UTILITIES CODES AND STANDARDS PROGRAM
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● To be included in the base code, a measure
must:
● Be cost-effective
● based on the standards-induced additional first cost,
maintenance costs, measure life, and energy cost
savings
● according to the Time Dependent Valuation (TDV) lifecycle
costing methodology and weather data to be
provided by the California Energy Commission
● Be possible to implement using equipment that
is available from multiple providers or that is
reasonably expected to be available following
the code change
CA 2011 Utilities Title 24 2011 CASE Title Process 24 Stakeholder Update Meeting for Proposed Code Changes
May 25, 2010

CALIFORNIA STATEWIDE UTILITIES CODES AND STANDARDS PROGRAM
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Stakeholder Meetings Process
● Minimum of three meetings:
●
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First: present scope, request data
●
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Code change direction and possible options
Methodology
Best practices, market data
Second: present findings
●
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Results of data collection and analysis
Cost effectiveness
“Strawman” proposed code language
Third/final: present proposed code language
● All meetings can be attended remotely
CA 2011 Utilities Title 24 2011 CASE Title Process 24 Stakeholder Update Meeting for Proposed Code Changes
May 25, 2010

CALIFORNIA STATEWIDE UTILITIES CODES AND STANDARDS PROGRAM
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Outline For Measure Presentations
● Summary of current code
requirements
● Typical practice
● Summary of potential code change
proposals
● Initial data/findings
● Planned data collection and analysis
● Specific stakeholder requests
CA 2011 Utilities Title 24 2011 CASE Title Process 24 Stakeholder Update Meeting for Proposed Code Changes
May 25, 2010

CALIFORNIA STATEWIDE UTILITIES CODES AND STANDARDS PROGRAM
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Submitting Comments
● Informal Comment Process
● Comments can be submitted to CASE authors,
substantive comments will be receive responses.
● Questions and responses will not be posted
online, but common or frequent questions will
be communicated as necessary between
stakeholders
● The team will work with stakeholders to resolve
issues as best we can.
● The CEC has a formal comment process during
later stages of the official rulemaking process
CA 2011 Utilities Title 24 2011 CASE Title Process 24 Stakeholder Update Meeting for Proposed Code Changes
May 25, 2010

CALIFORNIA STATEWIDE UTILITIES CODES AND STANDARDS PROGRAM
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Types of Code Change
● Mandatory Measure:
The change would add or modify a mandatory
measure
●
Mandatory measures must be satisfied whether the
prescriptive or performance method is used to show
compliance
● Prescriptive Requirement:
The change would add or modify a prescriptive
requirement that must be met when using
prescriptive compliance approach
●
When using performance compliance (computer modeling),
prescriptive requirements define a standard design (which
sets the energy budget) and are not mandatory
CA 2011 Utilities Title 24 2011 CASE Title Process 24 Stakeholder Update Meeting for Proposed Code Changes
May 25, 2010

CALIFORNIA STATEWIDE UTILITIES CODES AND STANDARDS PROGRAM
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Types of Code Change – Ctd.
● Compliance Option:
The change would add or modify a new measure to
the list of existing compliance options for meeting
the Standards using the performance approach.
● Modeling:
The change would modify the calculation
procedures or assumptions used in making
performance calculations.
●
This change would not add a compliance option or a new
requirement, but would affect the way that trade-offs are
made.
CA 2011 Utilities Title 24 2011 CASE Title Process 24 Stakeholder Update Meeting for Proposed Code Changes
May 25, 2010

CALIFORNIA STATEWIDE UTILITIES CODES AND STANDARDS PROGRAM
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Schedule: Key Dates
● Mar 2010 - Dec 2010
●
●
CEC develop foundation /methodology
IOUs:
●
●
● Dec 2010
●
Conduct research, and cost effectiveness analysis
Present results at stakeholder meetings
IOUs finalize code change proposals for submittal to CEC
● Feb 2011
●
CEC opens Rulemaking for Title 24, develop 45-day
language
● June 15, 2011
●
Title 24 Adoption date
● Jan. 1, 2013
●
Title 24 Implementation date
CA 2011 Utilities Title 24 2011 CASE Title Process 24 Stakeholder Update Meeting for Proposed Code Changes
May 25, 2010

Process - Related CASE Topics for
2011 Title 24 Cycle
CALIFORNIA STATEWIDE UTILITIES CODES AND STANDARDS PROGRAM
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● Codes and Standards Enhancement (CASE)
Topics
● Water Heater Standby Losses
● Hot Water Temperature Reset
● Process Boilers
● Air Compressors
CA 2011 Utilities Title 24 2011 CASE Title Process 24 Stakeholder Update Meeting for Proposed Code Changes
May 25, 2010

CALIFORNIA STATEWIDE UTILITIES CODES AND STANDARDS PROGRAM
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Ground Rules
● For those attending by telephone/web
●
●
●
●
Please DO NOT place your phone on HOLD
●
We do not want to hear your hold music
Please mute your microphone, unless you want to speak
Ask questions/comment by “chat” or by voice
Call will drop at 12:30 – please hang up and re-dial in
● We want to hear your concerns
●
●
Opposing viewpoints are encouraged
We are seeking information, not resolution
● Time is limited
●
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Raise your hand and be acknowledged by presenter
Clearly state your name and affiliation prior to speaking
Speak loudly for the people on the phone
● Minutes and presentation material will be available
online – we will distribute link
CA 2011 Utilities Title 24 2011 CASE Title Process 24 Stakeholder Update Meeting for Proposed Code Changes
May 25, 2010

14
Water Heater Standby Loss
Stakeholder Meeting #1
California Statewide Utility Codes and Standards Program
Heschong Mahone Group, Inc.
May 25, 2010

CALIFORNIA STATEWIDE UTILITIES CODES AND STANDARDS PROGRAM
15
Water Heater Standby Loss
● Summary of current code requirements
● Typical practice
● Summary of potential code change
proposals
● Initial data/findings
● Potential code change proposals
● Planned data collection and analysis
● Specific stakeholder requests
CA 2011 Utilities Title 24 2011 CASE Title Process 24 Stakeholder Update Meeting for Proposed Code Changes
May 25, 2010

WH2 Standby Loss
Current Code Requirements
CALIFORNIA STATEWIDE UTILITIES CODES AND STANDARDS PROGRAM
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● Current Code Requirements
●
●
Title 24 water heater efficiency requirements follow federal
standards, which preempt CA to have more stringent
standards
Standby stack heat loss in atmospheric combustion gas
storage water heater is included in Energy Factor (EF)
● Changing market conditions
●
New federal regulations for residential water heaters were
passed this year
●
●
Residential water heaters
– 20 to 100 gallon capacity
– Less than 75,000 Btu/hr input
– Efficiency measured by EF
Commercial water heaters
– Greater than 75,000 Btu/hr input
– Efficiency measured by Thermal Efficiency and Standby Loss
CA 2011 Utilities Title 24 2011 CASE Title Process 24 Stakeholder Update Meeting for Proposed Code Changes
May 25, 2010

WH2 Standby Loss
Typical Practice
CALIFORNIA STATEWIDE UTILITIES CODES AND STANDARDS PROGRAM
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● Water heating represents more than 30% of total residential
building energy use
● Single family homes in California typically use a 40 or 50
gallon natural draft gas water heater, more tankless water
heaters are used
● Multi-family and hotel/motel buildings use commercial grade
water heaters or boilers
● Other non-res buildings used a variety of water heaters based
on hot water demand
● Gas water heaters with low standby loss
●
●
●
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Forced draft water heaters
Tankless water heaters
Condensing water heaters
Water heaters with integral flue damper
CA 2011 Utilities Title 24 2011 CASE Title Process 24 Stakeholder Update Meeting for Proposed Code Changes
May 25, 2010

WH2 Standby Loss
Potential Code Change Proposals
CALIFORNIA STATEWIDE UTILITIES CODES AND STANDARDS PROGRAM
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● Require a flue damper to be installed as part of the
flue exhaust system to reduce stack heat loss
●
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●
●
For both res. and non-res. buildings
Availability of third-party flue dampers
Feasibly of working with water heater controls
Compliance options: high efficiency water heaters
● Require a 110V electric outlet to be installed in the
water heater closet or near water heater in garage
● Require PVC exhaust pipe and condensate drain to
be installed to accommodate forced draft or
condensing water heaters
● Modify ACM to include the benefit of third party
flue dampers
CA 2011 Utilities Title 24 2011 CASE Title Process 24 Stakeholder Update Meeting for Proposed Code Changes
May 25, 2010

CALIFORNIA STATEWIDE UTILITIES CODES AND STANDARDS PROGRAM
WH2 Standby Loss
Potential Code Change Proposals – Reach
Code
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● Require water heaters to be equipped
with flue dampers, or to be:
● Force draft type
● Tankless water heater
● Require water heaters to have standby
loss within limits that are equivalent to
those with integral flue dampers
CA 2011 Utilities Title 24 2011 CASE Title Process 24 Stakeholder Update Meeting for Proposed Code Changes
May 25, 2010

CALIFORNIA STATEWIDE UTILITIES CODES AND STANDARDS PROGRAM
WH2 Standby Loss
Initial Data / Findings – Energy Impact
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● In a 40-gal WH, stack heat loss represents
●
●
~43% of the total heat loss or
17% of total WH energy consumption
From a TANK simulation study performed by Peter Biermayer and Jim Lutz of LBNL
CA 2011 Utilities Title 24 2011 CASE Title Process 24 Stakeholder Update Meeting for Proposed Code Changes
May 25, 2010

CALIFORNIA STATEWIDE UTILITIES CODES AND STANDARDS PROGRAM
WH2 Standby Loss
Initial Data / Findings – Energy Savings
21
● ~24 Therms/year for a 40-gal water
heater
● EF = 0.60, RE = 0.78
● Flue damper effectiveness = 0.65
● Savings for commercial water heaters
depend on standby loss ratings
● ~30 Therms/year for a 100-gal 200kBtu
WH
CA 2011 Utilities Title 24 2011 CASE Title Process 24 Stakeholder Update Meeting for Proposed Code Changes
May 25, 2010

CALIFORNIA STATEWIDE UTILITIES CODES AND STANDARDS PROGRAM
WH2 Standby Loss
Initial Data / Findings – Availability &
Feasibility
22
● Water heaters with integral flue dampers are
available
● Bradford White res models with 0.67 EF
● After market flue dampers are mostly for
boilers, where connections often already
exist for easy retrofits
● Installation feasibility
● Reliability of buoyancy driven flue dampers
● Need to connected to the ignition circuit
CA 2011 Utilities Title 24 2011 CASE Title Process 24 Stakeholder Update Meeting for Proposed Code Changes
May 25, 2010

CALIFORNIA STATEWIDE UTILITIES CODES AND STANDARDS PROGRAM
WH2 Standby Loss
Potential Code Change Proposals Update
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● Section 113 mandatory requirements for all
buildings
● A 110V electric outlet to be installed in the water
heater closet or near water heater in garage
● PVC exhaust pipe and condensate drain to be
installed if natural gas stud is installed
● Modify Res and Non-Res ACM to include the
capability to calculate energy savings of
after market flue dampers
CA 2011 Utilities Title 24 2011 CASE Title Process 24 Stakeholder Update Meeting for Proposed Code Changes
May 25, 2010

CALIFORNIA STATEWIDE UTILITIES CODES AND STANDARDS PROGRAM
WH2 Standby Loss
Planned Data Collection and Analysis
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● Coordinate with SEMPRA Emerging Technology
Program to
● Identify flue damper products
● Perform flue damper test and energy savings
analysis
● Analyze energy savings potential of flue
dampers in multifamily applications
● Perform field study to evaluate effectiveness
and energy savings of electric driven flue
dampers in multifamily applications
● Investigate water heater models to develop
ACM algorithms that capture flue damper
savings
CA 2011 Utilities Title 24 2011 CASE Title Process 24 Stakeholder Update Meeting for Proposed Code Changes
May 25, 2010

CALIFORNIA STATEWIDE UTILITIES CODES AND STANDARDS PROGRAM
25
WH2 Standby Loss
Specific Stakeholder Requests
● After market flue damper products
and costs (including installation costs)
● Technical information on flue damper
effectiveness (savings, maintenance
costs, etc.)
● Incremental costs of water heaters
with flue dampers
● Installation costs of PVC exhaust pipes
● Product development plans
CA 2011 Utilities Title 24 2011 CASE Title Process 24 Stakeholder Update Meeting for Proposed Code Changes
May 25, 2010

CALIFORNIA STATEWIDE UTILITIES CODES AND STANDARDS PROGRAM
26
WH2 Standby Loss
?
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS
Yanda Zhang
Heschong Mahone Group, Inc.
Yanda.Zhang@h-m-g.com
CA 2011 Utilities Title 24 2011 CASE Title Process 24 Stakeholder Update Meeting for Proposed Code Changes
May 25, 2010

27
Chilled and Hot Water
Temperature Reset Controls
Stakeholder Meeting #1
California Statewide Utility Codes and Standards Program
Taylor Engineering
May 25, 2010

CALIFORNIA STATEWIDE UTILITIES CODES AND STANDARDS PROGRAM
Chilled and Hot Water Temperature Reset Controls
Current Code Requirements and Proposed
Change gray [delete] /underline [add]
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●
●
●
144(j)1: “HVAC chilled and hot water pumping shall be designed for
variable fluid flow…”
“Chilled and Hot Water Temperature Reset Controls. Chilled and
hot water systems with a design capacity exceeding 500,000 Btu/hr
supplying chilled or heated water (or both) shall include controls that
automatically reset supply water temperatures as a function of
representative building loads or outside air temperature.
●
EXCEPTION to Section 144(j)4: Hydronic Chilled water systems
that use variable flow speed drives to reduce pumping energy in
accordance with Section 144(j)1 144(j)6.”
144(j)6: CHW pumps over 5HP shall have VFDs…the pressure shall
be reset by valve position.
CA 2011 Utilities Title 24 2011 CASE Title Process 24 Stakeholder Update Meeting for Proposed Code Changes
May 25, 2010

CALIFORNIA STATEWIDE UTILITIES CODES AND STANDARDS PROGRAM
29
Chilled and Hot Water Temperature Reset Controls
History
● The CHW/HW temperature reset
controls have been in Title 24 since
2005
● The same requirements are in ASHRAE
90.1-2010
CA 2011 Utilities Title 24 2011 CASE Title Process 24 Stakeholder Update Meeting for Proposed Code Changes
May 25, 2010

Chilled and Hot Water Temperature Reset Controls
Rationale – Hot Water
CALIFORNIA STATEWIDE UTILITIES CODES AND STANDARDS PROGRAM
30
● HW temperature reset always reduces boiler energy
and piping losses and always reduces total energy,
especially for condensing boilers
● HW temperature reset can increase HW pump
energy if the pump has a VFD. (VFDs are not cost
effective or required on hot water pumps). Even if
the HW pump has a VFD, increasing HW pump
energy decreases boiler energy (opposite of CHW
pumps!) so HWST reset always makes sense
● Temperature reset is low/no cost – it requres a
minor amount of programming but no additional
hardware
CA 2011 Utilities Title 24 2011 CASE Title Process 24 Stakeholder Update Meeting for Proposed Code Changes
May 25, 2010

Chilled and Hot Water Temperature Reset Controls
Rationale – Chilled Water
CALIFORNIA STATEWIDE UTILITIES CODES AND STANDARDS PROGRAM
31
●
●
●
●
Variable flow is required on most CHW and HW systems
VFDs are required on many CHW pumps but not on any HW
pumps
For CHW systems with VFDs the options are to reset pressure
setpoint and/or temperature setpoint
●
●
Resetting pressure will always reduce total energy but will not
necessarily save as much energy as temperature reset
The converse is not necessarily true: resetting temperature could
increase total energy in some scenarios. This is why pressure
reset is required but temperature reset is not required.
For CHW systems without VFDs there is no pressure reset
●
●
Resetting the temperature will result in a tiny increase in pump
energy for variable flow systems (pump rides out on curve) but
will always reduce total energy due to reduced chiller lift
The CHW exeption for variable flow was likely a mistake caused
by 90.1 language that lumps variable flow and variable speed in
the same section
CA 2011 Utilities Title 24 2011 CASE Title Process 24 Stakeholder Update Meeting for Proposed Code Changes
May 25, 2010

Chilled and Hot Water Temperature Reset Controls
Future CHW Reset Changes?
CALIFORNIA STATEWIDE UTILITIES CODES AND STANDARDS PROGRAM
32
● Our recent analyses show that CHW
temperature reset saves more than pressure
reset unless the pump head is unusually
high
● Temperature reset is particularly important for
waterside economizers
● We may want to:
● Always require temperature reset and require
pressure reset for high pump head
● Always require both (like air handlers)
● The users guide should discuss combined
sequences
CA 2011 Utilities Title 24 2011 CASE Title Process 24 Stakeholder Update Meeting for Proposed Code Changes
May 25, 2010

CALIFORNIA STATEWIDE UTILITIES CODES AND STANDARDS PROGRAM
Chilled and Hot Water Temperature
Reset Controls
33
?
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS
Jeff Stein
Taylor Engineering
JStein@taylor-engineering.com
CA 2011 Utilities Title 24 2011 CASE Title Process 24 Stakeholder Update Meeting for Proposed Code Changes
May 25, 2010

34
Process Boilers
Stakeholder Meeting #1
California Statewide Utility Codes and Standards Program
Portland Energy Conservation, Inc.
May 25, 2010

CALIFORNIA STATEWIDE UTILITIES CODES AND STANDARDS PROGRAM
35
Process Boilers
Current Code Requirements
● Title 24 historically has not regulated
process loads
● Process boilers regulated if also serving
domestic hot water or space heating
CA 2011 Utilities Title 24 2011 CASE Title Process 24 Stakeholder Update Meeting for Proposed Code Changes
May 25, 2010

Process Boilers
Potential Code Change Proposals
CALIFORNIA STATEWIDE UTILITIES CODES AND STANDARDS PROGRAM
36
● Code change options (mandatory)
● Flue damper
● Electronic parallel positioning control
● Electronic parallel positioning with
oxygen trim control
● Variable frequency drive on combustion
air fan
CA 2011 Utilities Title 24 2011 CASE Title Process 24 Stakeholder Update Meeting for Proposed Code Changes
May 25, 2010

CALIFORNIA STATEWIDE UTILITIES CODES AND STANDARDS PROGRAM
Process Boilers
Planned Data Collection and Analysis
37
● Determine effect of new air quality
regulations on measures
● Rough estimates of energy savings via
spreadsheet
● Determine energy savings via field
monitoring and analysis
● Determine incremental measure costs
CA 2011 Utilities Title 24 2011 CASE Title Process 24 Stakeholder Update Meeting for Proposed Code Changes
May 25, 2010

CALIFORNIA STATEWIDE UTILITIES CODES AND STANDARDS PROGRAM
38
Process Boilers
New Air Quality Regulations
● At least 3 air districts have recently adopted
more stringent NO x regulations
● Bay Area
● 5-20 MMBtuh/hr: 15 ppm (7/2008)
● 20-75 MMBtu/hr: 9 ppm
● San Joaquin Valley
● 5-20 MMBtu/hr: 9/6 ppm (2012/2014)
● >20 MMBtu/hr: 7/5 ppm (2010/2014)
● South Coast
● 5-75 MMBtu/hr: 9 ppm (1/2013)
CA 2011 Utilities Title 24 2011 CASE Title Process 24 Stakeholder Update Meeting for Proposed Code Changes
May 25, 2010

CALIFORNIA STATEWIDE UTILITIES CODES AND STANDARDS PROGRAM
39
Process Boilers
New Air Quality Regulations
● At least 3 air districts have recently
adopted more stringent NO x
regulations
● Represents 75% of California installations
● (Payroll, # businesses as proxy)
● Driven by ozone standard non-attainment
CA 2011 Utilities Title 24 2011 CASE Title Process 24 Stakeholder Update Meeting for Proposed Code Changes
May 25, 2010

Process Boilers
California Air Districts
CALIFORNIA STATEWIDE UTILITIES CODES AND STANDARDS PROGRAM
40
CA 2011 Utilities Title 24 2011 CASE Title Process 24 Stakeholder Update Meeting for Proposed Code Changes
May 25, 2010

Process Boilers
California Nonattainment Area
Classification: Ozone 1-hour Standard
CALIFORNIA STATEWIDE UTILITIES CODES AND STANDARDS PROGRAM
41
CA 2011 Utilities Title 24 2011 CASE Title Process 24 Stakeholder Update Meeting for Proposed Code Changes
May 25, 2010

CALIFORNIA STATEWIDE UTILITIES CODES AND STANDARDS PROGRAM
42
Process Boilers
Compliance Methods for Air Quality Regs
● Pay a fine instead of complying
● Replace the entire boiler
● Selective catalytic reduction
● Ultra low NO x burner
● Forced draft
● Parallel positioning controls
CA 2011 Utilities Title 24 2011 CASE Title Process 24 Stakeholder Update Meeting for Proposed Code Changes
May 25, 2010

CALIFORNIA STATEWIDE UTILITIES CODES AND STANDARDS PROGRAM
43
Process Boilers
Energy Savings Estimates
●
●
●
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●
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●
●
Boiler permits for new installations and replacements
NO x regs apply to specific ranges of boiler sizes
● Knowing the sizes of new boilers by hear, then the #
installed by NO x level
20% of boilers serve both a process + space heating/DHW
load
71% of boilers are low NO x or ultra low NO x burners and thus
come with PP controls
75% load factor
330 o F stack temperature
6-7% O 2 setpoint for typical boiler installation
5% O 2 setpoint (PP) and 3% (O 2 trim)
CA 2011 Utilities Title 24 2011 CASE Title Process 24 Stakeholder Update Meeting for Proposed Code Changes
May 25, 2010

CALIFORNIA STATEWIDE UTILITIES CODES AND STANDARDS PROGRAM
44
Process Boilers
Energy Savings Estimates
Energy Savings Estimate
therms/yr
Cost Savings Estimate
($/yr)
Measure Low High Low High
Flue Damper 1,845 6,341 $1,107 $3,805
Parallel Positioning 110,349 277,934 $66,209 $166,760
Parallel Positioning plus O 2 Control 327,821 495,406 $196,693 $297,243
kWh/yr
$/yr
Combustion Fan VFD 1,076,893 2,153,786 $161,534 $323,068
Assumed Energy Costs
Natural Gas
Electricity
$0.60 /therm
$0.15 /kWh
CA 2011 Utilities Title 24 2011 CASE Title Process 24 Stakeholder Update Meeting for Proposed Code Changes
May 25, 2010

CALIFORNIA STATEWIDE UTILITIES CODES AND STANDARDS PROGRAM
45
Process Boilers
Specific Stakeholder Requests
● Cost information for each measure
● Recruiting sites for field tests
CA 2011 Utilities Title 24 2011 CASE Title Process 24 Stakeholder Update Meeting for Proposed Code Changes
May 25, 2010

CALIFORNIA STATEWIDE UTILITIES CODES AND STANDARDS PROGRAM
46
Process Boilers
?
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS
Matt Tyler
PECI
mtyler@peci.org
CA 2011 Utilities Title 24 2011 CASE Title Process 24 Stakeholder Update Meeting for Proposed Code Changes
May 25, 2010

47
CALIFORNIA STATEWIDE UTILITIES CODES AND STANDARDS PROGRAM
47
LUNCH BREAK
Process Air Compressors, Boilers, and Water
Heaters:
Title 24 Stakeholder Meeting #1
Conference Call Will Resume At 1:00
please hang up and re-dial the same number:
Dial-in Number: 1-702-835-5019
Participant Access Code: 61316#
CA 2011 Utilities Title 24 2011 CASE Title Process 24 Stakeholder Update Meeting for Proposed Code Changes
May 25, 2010

48
Air Compressors
Stakeholder Meeting #1
California Statewide Utility Codes and Standards Program
Energy Solutions
May 25, 2010

CALIFORNIA STATEWIDE UTILITIES CODES AND STANDARDS PROGRAM
49
Air Compressors
● Summary of current code requirements
● Summary of potential code change
proposals
● Typical practice
● Initial data/findings
● Potential code change proposals
● Planned data collection and analysis
● Specific stakeholder requests
CA 2011 Utilities Title 24 2011 CASE Title Process 24 Stakeholder Update Meeting for Proposed Code Changes
May 25, 2010

CALIFORNIA STATEWIDE UTILITIES CODES AND STANDARDS PROGRAM
50
Air Compressors
Current Code Requirements – Title 24
● Process loads, including compressed air
systems, are excluded in Title 24 2008
● Defined by Title 24 as: an activity or treatment
that is not related to the space conditioning,
lighting, service water heating or ventilating of a
building as it relates to human occupancy
CA 2011 Utilities Title 24 2011 CASE Title Process 24 Stakeholder Update Meeting for Proposed Code Changes
May 25, 2010

Air Compressors
Potential Code Change Proposals
CALIFORNIA STATEWIDE UTILITIES CODES AND STANDARDS PROGRAM
51
● Performance metric or set of system
design guidelines for compressed air
systems
● Requirements for smart system
controls on multi-compressor systems
CA 2011 Utilities Title 24 2011 CASE Title Process 24 Stakeholder Update Meeting for Proposed Code Changes
May 25, 2010

CALIFORNIA STATEWIDE UTILITIES CODES AND STANDARDS PROGRAM
52
Air Compressors
Typical Practice
● Multi-compressor systems are common
●
(>80% of systems in PG&E Territory)
● Running 80+ hours/week, often at part load
conditions
● System-wide efficiency not always
considered
●
●
●
Existing systems may be pieced together over time
Controls often applied at individual compressor, not
system level
System modifications may be perceived as a risk to system
reliability
CA 2011 Utilities Title 24 2011 CASE Title Process 24 Stakeholder Update Meeting for Proposed Code Changes
May 25, 2010

Air Compressors
Initial Data / Findings
CALIFORNIA STATEWIDE UTILITIES CODES AND STANDARDS PROGRAM
53
● DOE Industrial Assessment Centers
Audits of small- to medium-sized
industrial facilities
● Average projected system savings of 15%
with

Air Compressors
Potential Code Change Proposals
CALIFORNIA STATEWIDE UTILITIES CODES AND STANDARDS PROGRAM
54
● Performance metric or set of system
design guidelines for compressed air
systems
● Consider sizing and choice of
compressors, storage tanks, and other
system components
● System layout considerations
● Distribution system considerations
● Leak prevention and detection
CA 2011 Utilities Title 24 2011 CASE Title Process 24 Stakeholder Update Meeting for Proposed Code Changes
May 25, 2010

Air Compressors
Potential Code Change Proposals
CALIFORNIA STATEWIDE UTILITIES CODES AND STANDARDS PROGRAM
55
● Require smart controls on multicompressor
systems
● Monitor system demand and choose the
most appropriate combination of
compressors to meet the current load
CA 2011 Utilities Title 24 2011 CASE Title Process 24 Stakeholder Update Meeting for Proposed Code Changes
May 25, 2010

CALIFORNIA STATEWIDE UTILITIES CODES AND STANDARDS PROGRAM
Air Compressors
Planned Data Collection and Analysis
56
● Identify system design and sizing guidelines
and control options that can be
incorporated into Title 24
● Energy savings and cost analysis for
proposed options
● Evaluate energy savings using AirMaster+
CA 2011 Utilities Title 24 2011 CASE Title Process 24 Stakeholder Update Meeting for Proposed Code Changes
May 25, 2010

Air Compressors
Specific Stakeholder Requests
CALIFORNIA STATEWIDE UTILITIES CODES AND STANDARDS PROGRAM
57
● Current design practices
● Pricing information
● Exceptions or issues with requiring controls
on system modifications
● Individuals or groups who might be able to
provide additional input
CA 2011 Utilities Title 24 2011 CASE Title Process 24 Stakeholder Update Meeting for Proposed Code Changes
May 25, 2010

CALIFORNIA STATEWIDE UTILITIES CODES AND STANDARDS PROGRAM
58
Air Compressors
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QUESTIONS & COMMENTS
Megan Johnson
Energy Solutions
mjohnson@energy-solution.com
510-550-8501
CA 2011 Utilities Title 24 2011 CASE Title Process 24 Stakeholder Update Meeting for Proposed Code Changes
May 25, 2010