Beatrice Nicolini.pdf - TechNet Blogs

Session Code: DAT301 

SQL Server 2008 

Resource Governor 

Beatrice Nicolini 

Premier Field Engineer 

Microsoft 

http://blogs.technet.com/beatrice 

email: beatrice.nicolini@microsoft.com 

2

Agenda 

Prior to Resource Governor 

Introducing SQL Server 2008 Resource Governor 

Scenarios 

Concepts 

Monitoring 

Demo 1 

Limitations 

CPU Considerations 

Demo 2 

Usage Scenarios 

Get Started! 

3

Prior to Resource Governor 

Control memory, CPU, I\O 

Affinity on a per instance basis 

Query Governor on a per 

query basis 

If the estimated cost of a query 

exceeds the threshold, it won’t 

be allowed to run at all! 

If statistics out of date – 

incorrect estimate 

4

Introducing Resource Governor 

Scenarios 

Protect from 

known large 

resource 

consumers 

Guarantee 

resources for 

mission critical 

workloads 

Compete for 

resources as usual 

(SQL Server 2005 

behavior) 

5 

Predictable Workload 

CPU – Memory 

Enterprise, Developer and Evaluation Edition


Concepts 

DAC 

Incoming Sessions 

Classification 

Internal 

Group 

Default 

Group 

Group 1 .... Group N 

Internal Pool Default Pool Pool 1 Pool N 

6

Configuring Resource Governor 

After install Resource Governor is available but is not 

enabled. 

Internal and default Resource Pools and Workload 

Groups are already created 

Configure Resource Governor: 

Resource pools 

Create a workload groups 

Define and activate a classifier function 

7


Concepts – Resource Pool 

A resource pool, or pool, 

represents the physical resources 

of the server. 

LIMITATIONS\WARNINGS 

- Limited to 20 pools 

- CPU% Applied per scheduler 

8

Syntax 

Resource Pool 

CREATE RESOURCE POOL pool_name 

WITH ( 

MIN_CPU_PERCENT = value, 

MAX_CPU_PERCENT = value, 

MIN_MEMORY_PERCENT = value, 

MAX_MEMORY_PERCENT = value 

) 

9

10 

Syntax 

GUI


Concepts – Workload Group 

A workload group serves as a 

container for session requests 

that are similar according to the 

classification criteria that are 

applied to each request. 

No max limitation 

Internal Group 

Default Group 

(All Other 

Applications Users) 

Application 1 Users 

Application 2 Users 

Administrators 

Group 

Internal Pool Default Pool Pool 1 Pool N 

11

Syntax 

Workload Group 

CREATE WORKLOAD GROUP grp_name 

WITH ( 

IMPORTANCE = {LOW | MEDIUM | HIGH}, 

REQUEST_MAX_MEMORY_GRANT_PERCENT = value, 

REQUEST_MEMORY_GRANT_TIMEOUT_SEC = value, 

REQUEST_MAX_CPU_TIME_SEC = value, 

MAX_DOP = value, 

GROUP_MAX_REQUESTS = value) 

[ USING { pool_name | "default" } ] [ ; ] 

12

What is Importance? 

Importance is weight (L:M:H = 1:3:9) used from tasks in 

different groups when groups share a pool. 

1 Pools – 2 Groups 

MAX CPU unrestricted 

Without Importance 

1 Pools – 2 Groups 

MAX CPU unrestricted 

Imp = low – Imp=high 

Group 1 CPU Usage: 50% 


Pool CPU: 100% 

SQL Server CPU: 100% 



Pool CPU: 100% 

SQL Server CPU: 100% 

13


Concepts - Classifier 

The classifier is a UDF that is 

fired right after the login triggers 

and before the T-SQL debugger 

is enabled during login. 

BE AWARE\CLARIFICATION: 

• Part of the login process logins can timeout 

•Classification failure or no classification criteria default group. 

•Cannot change group binding after initial assignment 

• Cannot specify in T-SQL which group to go to (aka “explicit” classification) 

• 1 per time 

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Syntax - UDF 

HOST_NAME(), APP_NAME(), SUSER_NAME(), SUSER_SNAME(), 

IS_SRVROLEMEMBER(), IS_MEMBER(), LOGINPROPERTY , 

ORIGINAL_DB_NAME, CONNECTION PROPERTY function 

EXAMPLE: 

CREATE FUNCTION dbo.rgclassifier_v3 () 

RETURNS sysnameE 

WITH SCHEMABINDING AS 

BEGIN 

DECLARE @grp_name sysname 

IF suser_sname() = 'DOMAIN\username' 

SET @grp_name = 'MyGroup' 

RETURN @grp_name 

END; GO 

COMMIT TRAN; GO 

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Monitoring Resource Governor 

Performance 

Counters 

DMVs 

Catalog 

Views 

Events 

16

Monitoring Resource Governor 

Dedicated Administrator Connection 

(DAC) to troubleshoot UDF 

DAC is not subject to classification 

DAC can be used while Resource Governor is 

running and classifying incoming sessions. 

If a DAC is not available restart the 

system in single user mode. 

17

18 



Microsoft

Resource Governor Limitations 

• limited to the SQL Server Database Engine. 

• Limit specification applies to CPU and memory 

• Cannot change group binding after initial assignment 

• Cannot specify in T-SQL which group to go to (aka 

“explicit” classification) 

• No automatic actions on various timeouts 

19


Scheduling decision is 

made on per scheduler 

basis 

CPU usage limited only 

under contention! 

You need multiple tasks in 

different groups/pools to 

observe effect 

Remember when 

troubleshooting\monitoring 

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1 Pool 

Min CPU 0 

MAX CPU 100 

1 Group 

1 Task 

1 Pool 

Min CPU 0 

MAX CPU 80 

1 Group 

1 Task 

2 Pools A & B 

Min CPU 20 

MAX CPU 80 

2 Group s 

2 Task 

Modify Pool A 

Min CPU 20 

MAX CPU 40 

2 Groups 

2 Task 

21

Demo Title 



Microsoft 

22

23 

Typical Scenario - Backup Compression 

Before 2008: Third party vendors solution. 

Backup Compression: 

- Reduced Storage Space 

- Similar compression ratios as 

vendors software (5:1) 

- Proprietary Algorithm 

- Reduced Network Bandwidth 

- Reduced run-time for backup\restore 

- Off by default 

- Enterprise Only

Test on 322 Mb Database 

45% RunTime improvement 

4.2x Compression ratio 

50% RunTime improvement 

24

Typical Scenario 

Limit CPU Usage by Backup Compression 

Backup compression significantly 

increases CPU usage 

Create a low-priority compressed backup 

Setting Up a Login and User for Low-Priority 

Operations 

Configuring Resource Governor to Limit CPU Usage 

Verifying the Classification of the Current Session 

(Transact-SQL) 

Compressing Backups Using a Session with Limited 

CPU 

25


Limit CPU Usage by Backup Compression 

26


Reporting Solution 

Create a high priority login for 

reporting applications! 

27


Reporting Solution 

28


Admins 

Guarantee that the admin group: 

• always has resources to run diagnostic queries 

• these queries should not take more than N% of the 

server memory resources. 

29


Admins 

30

Get Started! 

Who’s consuming my resources? 

Create workload groups to 

monitor resource 

consumption 

Monitor consumption 

Based on monitoring, create 

pools and associate your 

groups accordingly 

31

Summary 

Call-to-action 

Resource Governor is a feature than enables 

DBAs to provide a consistent and predictable 

response to SQL Server workloads and system 

resource consumption (CPU, Memory). 

Get started – create and test your workloads 

and tune your pools for improved control! 

32

Resources for IT Professionals 

www.microsoft.com/teched 

Tech·Talks 

Live Simulcasts 

Tech·Ed Bloggers 

Virtual Labs 

http://microsoft.com/technet 

Evaluation licenses, pre-released 

products, and MORE!

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© 2008 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Microsoft, Windows, Windows Vista and other product names are or may be registered trademarks and/or trademarks in the U.S. and/or other countries. 

The information herein is for informational purposes only and represents the current view of Microsoft Corporation as of the date of this presentation. Because Microsoft must respond to changing market conditions, it should 

not be interpreted to be a commitment on the part of Microsoft, and Microsoft cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information provided after the date of this presentation. MICROSOFT MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS, 

IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, AS TO THE INFORMATION IN THIS PRESENTATION.

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