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Research Abstracts Recently Published IBM Center Reports Realizing the Promise of Big Data Kevin C. Desouza Big data is receiving increasing attention as a term, but lacks a commonly understood definition. Kevin Desouza provides a clear, useful introduction to the concept. He writes, “Big data is an evolving concept that refers to the growth of data and how it is used to optimize business processes, create customer value, and mitigate risks.” Over the last year, Professor Desouza conducted extensive interviews with chief information officers (CIOs) across the United States at the federal, state, and local level. The goal was to better understand the implementation challenges facing CIOs and their organizations as they undertake big data projects. Desouza presents 10 key findings from his interviews along with detailed descriptions of the three key stages in implementing a big data project: planning, execution, and post-implementation. Engaging Citizens in Co-Creation in Public Services Satish Nambisan and Priya Nambisan This report presents an innovative framework for analyzing citizen “co-creation,” which refers to the development of new public services by citizens in partnership with governments. Through the lens of real-world cases, the authors highlight four roles that citizens can play in the co-creation of public services: explorer, ideator, designer, and diffuser. Additionally, the authors offer four strategies for government leaders who wish to encourage citizen co-creation. This report offers insight into how governments can improve services through co-creation and co-delivery. Eight Actions to Improve Defense Acquisition Jacques S. Gansler and William Lucyshyn This report presents eight significant actions the federal government can take to improve the federal acquisition process, focusing on Department of Defense (DoD) acquisitions due to the agency’s dominant share of the federal budget. Emphasizing the urgency of acquisition reform given budgetary constraints and security challenges, the authors set forth a comprehensive roadmap for improving acquisitions at DoD and across the government. 98 www.businessofgovernment.org The Business of Government
Research Abstracts Incident Reporting Systems: Lessons from the Federal Aviation Administration’s Air Traffic Organization Russell W. Mills This report provides a case study of the Federal Aviation Administration’s Air Traffic Organization (ATO) incident reporting systems. The author describes the introduction of voluntary selfreporting of errors by air traffic controllers and the use of increasingly sophisticated electronic tracking equipment. This improved data collection dramatically increased reported operational errors, allowing ATO to implement corrective actions. While this promoted a safer air traffic system, it created political problems for the agency. ATO overcame these political problems by creating a new risk-based reporting system. Cloudy with a Chance of Success: Contracting for the Cloud in Government Shannon H. Tufts and Meredith Leigh Weiss The authors present a detailed analysis of 12 major issues that need to be addressed in all cloud contracts, based on an analysis of five public-sector cloud service contracts in North Carolina. The authors developed a series of recommendations to guide government organizations in writing and negotiating cloud service contracts. This report serves as an important resource for government managers as they increasingly move activities to the cloud. Using Crowdsourcing In Government Daren C. Brabham The growing interest in “engaging the crowd” to identify or develop innovative solutions to public problems has been inspired by similar efforts in the commercial world. The Obama administration and many state and local governments have been adapting these crowdsourcing techniques with some success. By understanding the different types of crowdsourcing and the different approaches they require, public managers will have a better chance of success. The author provides a strategic view of crowdsourcing and identifies four specific types: knowledge discovery and management, distributed human intelligence tasking, broadcast search, and peer-vetted creative production. He focuses on the strategic design process and sets forth 10 emerging best practices for implementing a crowdsourcing initiative. SPRING 2014 IBM Center for The Business of Government 99
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