Working papers - BHF National Centre - physical activity + health

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References Cohen J, Uphoff N. 1980. Participation’s place in rural development: seeking clarity through specificity. World Development; 8: 213-35. Cornwall A. 1996. Towards participatory practice: participatory rural appraisal (PRA). In: de Koning D, Martin M. Participatory Research in Health: Issues and Experiences. London: Zed Books. Health Education Authority. 1995. Promoting Physical Activity. Guidance for Commissioners, Purchasers and Providers. London: Health Education Authority. Nichols V. 1999. The Role of Community Involvement in Health Needs Assessment in London. London: Health Education Authority. Rifkin SB. 2000. Major Issues arising from the literature reviews in participatory approaches to health improvement. In: Draper A, Hawdon D (eds.) Improving Health through Community Participation. London: Health Development Agency. Section 4 Active for later life | 10
WORKING PAPER 2 Overcoming the barriers to physical activity for older people An important question for those involved in promoting physical activity with older people is how older people can best be encouraged to incorporate more physical activity into their lives. In order to do this we must understand why older people do and do not participate in physical activity and identify some of the mechanisms and triggers that may initiate the adoption of physically active lifestyles, even in the later years. Changing behaviour A number of theories and models have been developed which attempt to explain health behaviour change. (A summary of these models can be found in Dishman, 1994 and Sport England 2006) The models share a number of common features which appear to influence behaviour change. These include: • the value an individual places on the outcome • the individual’s belief about their ability to control their behaviour (self-efficacy) • the need for re-enforcement and support. However, these models may place too much emphasis on the individual’s motivation to change, and ignore the impact of the wider environment on change. As the environment provides a strong moderating effect on individual behaviour, the importance of policy and environmental strategies to complement interventions focusing on individual change cannot be overstated. For example, limited access to safe walking routes may be a barrier to participation even when someone is keen to increase their level of walking. Section 4 Active for later life | 11
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WORKING PAPER 7 Training for those
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WORKING PAPER 8 Promoting and marke
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Promoting and marketing physical ac
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Effective physical activity and exe
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WORKING PAPER 10 Older people, cogn
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WORKING PAPER 11 Working with older
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Working with older people in falls
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Working with ethnic minority elders
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Working with older men CONTINUED 1.
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Working papers - BHF National Centre - physical activity + health

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