WWF SAF Mara River Basin Project Proposal
WWF SAF Mara River Basin Project Proposal
WWF SAF Mara River Basin Project Proposal
Create successful ePaper yourself
Turn your PDF publications into a flip-book with our unique Google optimized e-Paper software.
<strong>Proposal</strong> for Annual Plan 2007<br />
<strong>Project</strong> Name:<br />
<strong>Project</strong> Location:<br />
<strong>Project</strong> Number:<br />
<strong>Project</strong> Budget:<br />
Local Partner(s):<br />
Contact Person(s):<br />
<strong>Mara</strong> <strong>River</strong> <strong>Basin</strong> Management Initiative (MRBMI)<br />
<strong>Mara</strong> <strong>River</strong> <strong>Basin</strong> – Kenya and Tanzania (<strong>SAF</strong>)<br />
GLO-05/312-3 (Norad), 9F047901 / 5002 (<strong>WWF</strong>)<br />
Year 1: NOK 2,733,418 (NOK 2,478,435 requested from Norad, incl. 8% adm.<br />
grant to <strong>WWF</strong>-Norway) 1<br />
Year 2: NOK 2,783,994 (NOK 2,524,293 requested from Norad, incl. 8%)<br />
Year 3: NOK 2,550,000 (NOK 2,478,600 requested from Norad, incl. 8%)<br />
<strong>WWF</strong> Eastern Africa Region Programme Office (EARPO), various<br />
government agencies (water, agriculture, environment), NGOs, CBOs, local<br />
communities, private sector, regional agencies (e.g. EAC, NBI NELSAP).<br />
Dr. Taye Teferi, Conservation Programme Director, <strong>WWF</strong> EARPO, P.O. Box<br />
62440 00200 Nairobi, Kenya. Tel: +254 20 577355,<br />
Fax: + 254 20 577389, E-mail: TTeferi@wwfearpo.org<br />
Stephen Mariki, Country Conservation Director, <strong>WWF</strong> TPO, P.O. Box 63117,<br />
Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, Tel: + 255 22 2700077, Fax: + 255 22 2775535,<br />
E-mail: smariki@wwftz.org<br />
Svein Erik Haarklau, Programme Leader Environment and Development,<br />
<strong>WWF</strong>-Norway, P.O. Box 6784 St. Olavs Plass, N-0130 Oslo; Norway. Tel:<br />
+47 2203 6500. Fax: +47 2220 0666, E-mail: sehaarklau@wwf.no<br />
Start Date: January 2006 Expected End Date: December 2009 2<br />
Priority Issues 3 % Contributes to which milestone(s)?<br />
Forests 10<br />
Freshwater Ecosystems 80<br />
Oceans and Coasts 0<br />
Species 5<br />
Toxics 5<br />
Climate change 0<br />
Other 0<br />
Total 100<br />
Global 200 Ecoregion(s) 4<br />
East African Acacia Savannas (Ecoregion 87)<br />
Rift Valley Lakes (Ecoregion 182)<br />
Part of an ecoregion action programme? Yes No X<br />
1 Proposed support from Norad in 2006 was NOK 2,478,435. Actual support was NOK 1,968,300.<br />
2 The proposed new cooperation agreement between <strong>WWF</strong>-Norway and Norad is for three years (2006–2008).<br />
However, the proposed second phase of the <strong>Mara</strong> <strong>River</strong> <strong>Basin</strong> Management Initiative is a four year initiative.<br />
3 Indicate overall percentage of project relating to each of the six key issues.<br />
4 Indicate the ecoregion(s) in which the project has a conservation impact.<br />
<strong>WWF</strong> <strong>SAF</strong> Zambezi Chobe fisheries 011006 - main text.doc 2006-10-01 Page i
<strong>WWF</strong><br />
Annual Plan 2007 – <strong>Mara</strong> <strong>River</strong> <strong>Basin</strong> Management Initiative<br />
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY<br />
This <strong>Proposal</strong> is part of the approved three years document for the <strong>Mara</strong> <strong>River</strong> <strong>Basin</strong><br />
Management Initiative, Kenya and Tanzania (“the <strong>Project</strong>”) submitted to the Norwegian Agency<br />
for Development Cooperation (Norad) for funding. <strong>WWF</strong>-Norway contributes with matching funds.<br />
The four years second phase of the <strong>Mara</strong> <strong>River</strong> <strong>Basin</strong> Management Initiative (MRBMI) started in<br />
January 2006 and will end in December 2009. This is in line with the recommendations of an<br />
evaluation of the <strong>Project</strong> conducted in May–June 2005. The second phase will consolidate<br />
Norad/<strong>WWF</strong> Norway’s investments in the past three years (2003–2005) and continue to facilitate<br />
a system for integrated water resources management. The USAID Bureau for Economic Growth,<br />
Agriculture and Trade (EGAT) and USAID East Africa also contribute funds to the MRBMI in<br />
2007. One common work plan is prepared for MRBMI, indicating which source of funding<br />
supports each activity.<br />
Background<br />
Detailed background information on the <strong>Mara</strong> <strong>River</strong> <strong>Basin</strong> was provided in the proposal submitted<br />
to Norad in October 2002 and subsequent annual plans as well as the main text of this proposal.<br />
During 2005 <strong>WWF</strong> commissioned an evaluation of the MRBMI, which concluded that the MRBMI<br />
has made significant contributions to the sustainable management of the <strong>Mara</strong> <strong>River</strong> <strong>Basin</strong> that<br />
also had attracted the interest of other donors. The evaluation observed that the <strong>Project</strong> is highly<br />
relevant in view of the major threats both to the <strong>Mara</strong> <strong>River</strong> and its tributaries, and to the tourist<br />
industry in the National Park (Serengeti, Tanzania) and National Reserve (Masai <strong>Mara</strong>, Kenya)<br />
that largely depends on the <strong>River</strong>. In terms of project progress the evaluation team considered<br />
the principal achievements of the <strong>Project</strong> to be:<br />
i. The lobbying of political leaders for the protection of the remaining forest in the upper<br />
catchment (Mau Forest) in Kenya, the source for the <strong>Mara</strong> <strong>River</strong>;<br />
ii.<br />
iii.<br />
iv.<br />
The facilitation of the <strong>Mara</strong> <strong>River</strong> Water Users’ Association (MRWUA), a large and<br />
representative forum for discussion on water and related issues in the Kenyan part of the<br />
<strong>Mara</strong> <strong>River</strong> <strong>Basin</strong>. Facilitation of about 20 local level water users’ associations in<br />
Tanzania;<br />
Successful lobbying of civic leaders leading to a proposed sewage treatment plant in<br />
Bomet Town. The Ministry of Water and Irrigation has prioritized this project as one of<br />
the investment projects under the NBI NELSAP <strong>Mara</strong> <strong>River</strong> IWRM project; and<br />
The fact that the Ministry of Water and Irrigation in Kenya perceives the MRBMI as a pilot<br />
project for implementing the new water sector legislation and institutional framework.<br />
<strong>WWF</strong> is working through its Eastern Africa Regional Programme Office (<strong>WWF</strong> EARPO) and with<br />
financial support from Norad/<strong>WWF</strong>-Norway and USAID, to create the enabling conditions for<br />
integrated water resources management (IWRM) and to facilitate the efforts of responsible<br />
government agencies, other partners and stakeholders to implement IWRM.<br />
The main achievements of the MRBMI in 2006 are grouped into three areas as follows:<br />
i. Coordination of <strong>WWF</strong> and other key Stakeholders Initiatives<br />
An evaluation in June 2005 pointed out lack of coherence in the activities of the <strong>Project</strong> in Kenya<br />
and Tanzania, and also with other actors in the <strong>Basin</strong> including the Nile Equatorial Lakes<br />
Subsidiary Action Program (NELSAP) and the East Africa Community (EAC). The <strong>Project</strong> has<br />
continued efforts to engage other initiatives and followed up on this recommendation by instituting<br />
remedial measures including recruitment of two more staff and strategic engagement with the<br />
EAC and NELSAP. Two key personnel, a Policy Officer and a Regional <strong>Mara</strong> <strong>River</strong> <strong>Basin</strong><br />
Coordinator were recruited to assist the coordination and management of <strong>WWF</strong>’s initiatives and<br />
other initiatives within <strong>Mara</strong> <strong>River</strong> <strong>Basin</strong>. Different projects plans funded by Norad/<strong>WWF</strong>-Norway<br />
and USAID were integrated into one <strong>Mara</strong> <strong>River</strong> <strong>Basin</strong> Management Initiative to create more<br />
complementarities and synergy.<br />
<strong>WWF</strong> <strong>SAF</strong> Zambezi Chobe fisheries 011006 - main text.doc 2006-10-01 Page ii
<strong>WWF</strong><br />
Annual Plan 2007 – <strong>Mara</strong> <strong>River</strong> <strong>Basin</strong> Management Initiative<br />
The MRBMI also undertook further consultation with East African Community / Lake Victoria<br />
<strong>Basin</strong> Commission, District officials, Water Authority Officers both in Tanzania and Kenya on the<br />
sustainable management of <strong>Mara</strong> <strong>River</strong>. Substantial efforts were made towards collaboration with<br />
Nile <strong>Basin</strong> Initiative (NBI) Nile Equatorial Lakes Subsidiary Action Programme (NELSAP) in the<br />
management of <strong>Mara</strong> <strong>River</strong> <strong>Basin</strong>. One of the milestones was on sharing of information and<br />
clearly defined areas of collaboration and modalities. Major progress has been made recently, in<br />
particular in terms of information sharing.<br />
Efforts towards management of the <strong>Mara</strong> <strong>River</strong> <strong>Basin</strong> as a transboundary ecosystem shared by<br />
the United Republic of Tanzania and Republic of Kenya have started. The <strong>Mara</strong> <strong>River</strong> <strong>Basin</strong><br />
Management initiative provided support to EAC to organise and host a successful regional<br />
workshop in Arusha, Tanzania, between 19 th and 20 th April, 2006. The outputs of the workshops<br />
included proposals for national and regional stakeholders’ coordination mechanisms, regional<br />
institutions here including MRBMI Technical committee, Water User Forum Steering committee to<br />
oversee the implementation and build synergies within <strong>Mara</strong> <strong>River</strong> <strong>Basin</strong> Initiatives, and to avoid<br />
duplications.<br />
ii. Conserving <strong>Mara</strong> <strong>River</strong> <strong>Basin</strong> and ecoregion<br />
A number of studies have shown that the single largest threat to biodiversity in the Masai <strong>Mara</strong><br />
National Reserve and Serengeti National Park is lack of sufficient quantity of water of good<br />
quality. <strong>Mara</strong> <strong>River</strong> is the most reliable source of water for these two protected areas and the<br />
fluctuations in the river flow have significant impact on biodiversity, particularly the large<br />
herbivores. The world famous annual migration of wildebeest and other herbivores is heavily<br />
influenced by changes in water quantity (availability).<br />
Water quantity (level) and quality monitoring was carried out in 15 stations as planned in both<br />
Tanzania and Kenya. Two gauging stations were rehabilitated and other 13 stations serviced and<br />
maintained. The Ministries of water in Tanzania and Kenya were facilitated to collect and analyse<br />
water quality samples from 15 baseline monitoring stations established on the <strong>Mara</strong> <strong>River</strong> and its<br />
major tributaries.<br />
Photo: Water quality sampling point in the <strong>Mara</strong> <strong>River</strong>.<br />
<strong>WWF</strong> EARPO organised a planning workshop on Environmental Flows Assessment (EFA) with<br />
participation of different experts in hydrology, riparian vegetation, fish, aquatic invertebrates,<br />
socio-economics, hydraulics, ecology and geomorphology. The workshop came up with a<br />
common method of data collection to determine the amount of water needed to maintain the<br />
ecology of the river and the great <strong>Mara</strong>-Serengeti ecoregion. Data collection will be done within 8<br />
months, and data analysis will be completed by February 2007.<br />
<strong>WWF</strong> <strong>SAF</strong> Zambezi Chobe fisheries 011006 - main text.doc 2006-10-01 Page iii
<strong>WWF</strong><br />
Annual Plan 2007 – <strong>Mara</strong> <strong>River</strong> <strong>Basin</strong> Management Initiative<br />
iii.<br />
Sustainable water management<br />
The MRBMI used the opportunity of the new Water Act (2002) in Kenya, which provides for<br />
gazettement of water catchment areas. The MRBMI worked with the <strong>Mara</strong> Water Resource Users<br />
Association under the umbrella of the Lake Victoria South Catchment Authority (LVSCA) in Kenya<br />
to start the process of gazettement of the catchment forest. The LVSCA, under which the <strong>Mara</strong><br />
<strong>River</strong> <strong>Basin</strong> falls, has prioritised the gazettement of the catchment forest and is in the process of<br />
taking the necessary steps for the same. If successfully carried out, this will go a long way in<br />
protecting the threatened indigenous catchment forest which forms the head waters of the <strong>Mara</strong><br />
<strong>River</strong> and its tributaries. Stakeholders are highly sensitised about this, and are pushing for the<br />
process to advance as necessary. In Kenya one Water Users’Association has been formed and is<br />
legally empowered, while in Tanzania 12 water management entities (Water Users Associations)<br />
were formed and trained on IRBM and IWRM. Capacity building sessions on the water related<br />
laws and legislations were conducted with villagers and decision-makers. Water Users’<br />
Associations were facilitated in the planning and management of water resources. The<br />
established water resources management institutions have provided a platform for stakeholders<br />
in the two countries to talk to each other, and work on transboundary management strategies.<br />
The concept of water thirsty crops is now also better understood by stakeholders in the Kenya<br />
part of <strong>Mara</strong> <strong>River</strong> <strong>Basin</strong>. They now know that irrigated crops can represent a threat to the waters<br />
of the <strong>Mara</strong>, and must be considered carefully. Pressure has mounted on the large-scale farmers<br />
involved in irrigation and the conditions for venturing into irrigated agriculture are now very strict<br />
and clear. For the first time in the history of the Narok District in Kenya, irrigation was banned at<br />
the peak of the drought in February 2006 until the rains set in and there was sufficient water in<br />
the rivers.<br />
A total of 24 Community Based Organisations (CBOs) engaged in Income Generating Activities<br />
(IGA) and technologies to support livelihood and sustainable natural resources use and<br />
conservation were trained.<br />
Justification<br />
Development indicators for the Lake Victoria <strong>Basin</strong> show that poverty levels in the <strong>Mara</strong> <strong>River</strong><br />
<strong>Basin</strong>, an important part of the Lake Victoria <strong>Basin</strong>, are higher than the national averages. Most<br />
of the people practise subsistence agriculture with more than 25 per cent of them living on less<br />
than USD 1 a day. The apparent degradation of the quality and quantity of the <strong>Mara</strong> <strong>River</strong><br />
<strong>Basin</strong>’s water resources and the poverty level as well as life quality of the inhabitants are<br />
intimately linked. Left uncorrected, the continuing degradation of the <strong>Basin</strong> will worsen the<br />
livelihoods of these poor people as well as the viability of the rich biodiversity of flora and fauna in<br />
the <strong>Mara</strong> <strong>River</strong> <strong>Basin</strong>. Severe impacts on Masai <strong>Mara</strong> and Serengeti will be an ecological disaster<br />
as well as an economic disaster for Kenya’s and Tanzania’s tourism income. With properly<br />
designed and implemented interventions, the natural resources of the <strong>Basin</strong> provide opportunities<br />
for the communities to secure their livelihoods.<br />
Kenya and Tanzania are at different stages of implementing water sector reforms. The <strong>Project</strong> will<br />
contribute to the operationalisation of these reforms in a way that ensures traditional groups in<br />
the <strong>Mara</strong> <strong>River</strong> <strong>Basin</strong> are empowered to protect their rights, businesses continue to generate<br />
profits in ways that are environmentally sound while national governments place an economic<br />
value on water. The <strong>Project</strong> will support the evolution of appropriate institutions in this respect.<br />
Key stakeholders have limited capacity to do this on their own and there is a lack of information<br />
and relevant experience in the region. Stakeholders want <strong>WWF</strong> to support them to establish a<br />
sound system for water resources management.<br />
The <strong>Project</strong> will facilitate stakeholders to develop an integrated framework for the management of<br />
the <strong>Mara</strong> <strong>River</strong> <strong>Basin</strong> and its water resources by serving as a catalytic agent for bringing the<br />
various stakeholders to the discussion table to exchange ideas (dialogue) and information for<br />
planning and implementing shared sustainable management and conservation initiatives in for<br />
the <strong>Mara</strong> <strong>River</strong> <strong>Basin</strong>. <strong>WWF</strong> is working closely with government and non-government partners to<br />
do this.<br />
<strong>WWF</strong> <strong>SAF</strong> Zambezi Chobe fisheries 011006 - main text.doc 2006-10-01 Page iv
<strong>WWF</strong><br />
Annual Plan 2007 – <strong>Mara</strong> <strong>River</strong> <strong>Basin</strong> Management Initiative<br />
In both Kenya and Tanzania, the <strong>Mara</strong> <strong>River</strong> <strong>Basin</strong> and its natural resources face major threats,<br />
including deforestation, water pollution, drainage of wetlands, land use changes, and poor<br />
management and weak governance relating to natural resources.<br />
The <strong>Project</strong> will contribute to work in relation to national policies and legislation, international<br />
environmental conventions and to regional initiatives such as the East Africa Community (EAC)’s<br />
“Protocol for Sustainable Development of Lake Victoria <strong>Basin</strong>” and the Nile <strong>Basin</strong> Initiative (NBI)<br />
Nile Equatorial Lakes Subsidiary Action Programme (NELSAP) <strong>Mara</strong> <strong>River</strong> <strong>Basin</strong> Initiative.<br />
The <strong>Project</strong> is well placed within the overall priorities of Norwegian development cooperation as<br />
well as within the specific priorities for the region and countries concerned.<br />
Previous experiences<br />
During the first project phase stakeholders acknowledged that the <strong>WWF</strong> <strong>Mara</strong> <strong>River</strong> <strong>Basin</strong><br />
Management Initiative has made important progress both in Kenya and Tanzania. However,<br />
during this initial phase, most investments were done in the upstream Kenyan areas of the <strong>Basin</strong>.<br />
An assessment of the <strong>Project</strong>’s achievements is shown in the analysis of the project’s Logframe<br />
for January – December 2005 (see main text of the document). The 2005 evaluation also<br />
provides important information about the previous experiences.<br />
Goal and purpose<br />
The <strong>Project</strong>’s overall goal of the MRBMI is:<br />
‘Ensure good quality and adequate water supply from the <strong>Mara</strong> <strong>River</strong> for<br />
sustainable ecosystem functioning and basic human needs’.<br />
The project purpose is:<br />
‘to facilitate participatory and sustainable integrated river basin management<br />
(IRBM) initiatives for the conservation, sustainable and equitable use and<br />
restoration of freshwater resources and ecological processes in the <strong>Mara</strong> <strong>River</strong><br />
<strong>Basin</strong>, and this should be resulting from conservation measures, sustainable<br />
use and land-use decisions taken by resource owners, users and developers<br />
under a supportive policy framework’.<br />
Outputs<br />
The <strong>Project</strong> will contribute to the above goal and achieve its purpose by delivering on the<br />
following outputs:<br />
i. Carry out baseline surveys and as far as possible fill information gaps with<br />
documentation in the form of reports, maps etc;<br />
ii.<br />
iii.<br />
Gather and disseminate appropriate information on conditions and threats to the <strong>Mara</strong><br />
<strong>River</strong> <strong>Basin</strong> for land-use planning and management of the <strong>Mara</strong> <strong>River</strong> <strong>Basin</strong> and raise<br />
awareness about the importance of catchment management;<br />
Facilitate the ongoing process of stakeholder dialogue on integrated water resources<br />
management, ranging from local people to high level policy makers, and support local<br />
people’s involvement in the inter-sectoral IRBM 5 dialogue through capacity-building and<br />
advocacy;<br />
5 IRBM is a process that promotes the coordinated development and management of water, land and related<br />
resources in a river basin in order to maximise the resultant economic and social welfare in an equitable manner<br />
without compromising the sustainability of vital ecosystems (Global Water Partnership Technical Advisory Group<br />
Working Paper 4. 2002)<br />
<strong>WWF</strong> <strong>SAF</strong> Zambezi Chobe fisheries 011006 - main text.doc 2006-10-01 Page v
<strong>WWF</strong><br />
Annual Plan 2007 – <strong>Mara</strong> <strong>River</strong> <strong>Basin</strong> Management Initiative<br />
iv.<br />
Start and facilitate a process to introduce or revive existing community organisations,<br />
where forums and working groups have been established, and management actions in<br />
the catchment are becoming more sustainable;<br />
v. Document best practices and failures in terms of sustainable management and<br />
conservation, and promote the sharing and exchange of these lessons through<br />
demonstrating measures in the field, community exchange visits and communication<br />
measures;<br />
vi.<br />
vii.<br />
Build capacity amongst key stakeholders including vulnerable groups (small scale<br />
farmers, poor urban dwellers and women) for effective and sustainable IRBM; and<br />
Develop and promote recommendations for the development of an integrated water<br />
resource management strategy for the <strong>Mara</strong> <strong>River</strong> <strong>Basin</strong>, including appropriate policies<br />
and laws to secure sustainable management and conservation.<br />
Activities towards each of the above listed outputs are described in the main text of this proposal.<br />
The NBI NELSAP <strong>Mara</strong> <strong>Project</strong> is now in its initial stage and has established an office in<br />
Musoma, Tanzania. Once this project is fully operational it is recommended that the outputs and<br />
activities be reviewed and, if necessary, modified to minimise overlap between the two projects<br />
and to develop synergies.<br />
<strong>Project</strong> Implementation<br />
The <strong>Project</strong> takes an integrated river basin management (IRBM) approach. The IRBM approach<br />
requires that the <strong>Project</strong> combines activities in the field level with policy work both at the national<br />
and regional levels for the transboundary <strong>Mara</strong> <strong>River</strong> <strong>Basin</strong>. This approach follows from a<br />
realisation by <strong>WWF</strong> and others in the region that it would be important to engage with<br />
stakeholders at the local level (field level) at the same time as working at the national and later to<br />
regional policy dialogue/negotiations on frameworks for integrated management of the <strong>Mara</strong> <strong>River</strong><br />
<strong>Basin</strong>.<br />
<strong>WWF</strong>-Norway has the overall responsibility for the <strong>Project</strong> and the administrative, financial and<br />
technical reporting to Norad and provides policy and technical support to the <strong>Project</strong>. Day-to-daymanagement<br />
of the <strong>Project</strong> in the region is the responsibility of <strong>WWF</strong> Eastern Africa Regional<br />
Programme Office (EARPO) with its staff in Kenya (Nairobi, Narok) and Tanzania (Musoma, Dar<br />
es Salaam). The <strong>Project</strong> maintains links established with the <strong>WWF</strong> Global Freshwater, including<br />
the <strong>WWF</strong> <strong>River</strong> <strong>Basin</strong> Portfolio, <strong>WWF</strong>-Norway and USAID in Nairobi, Dar es Salaam and United<br />
State of America.<br />
In addition to close links with a range of local level non-government partners and stakeholders,<br />
cooperation with government institutions at national, catchment/basin and local levels will<br />
continue as key components of the <strong>Project</strong>. Private sector has so far only to a limited extent been<br />
successfully engaged, which necessitate increased efforts in this respect.<br />
Regional agencies and initiatives such as the East African Community (EAC) and now also the<br />
NBI NELSAP are becoming increasingly engaged. The EAC with its Lake Victoria <strong>Basin</strong><br />
Commission may well be the long-term institutional home for a transboundary water resources<br />
management mechanism.<br />
A project organisation chart is included in Appendix IV and further description of the<br />
implementation arrangements in chapter 6 of the main text.<br />
<strong>WWF</strong> <strong>SAF</strong> Zambezi Chobe fisheries 011006 - main text.doc 2006-10-01 Page vi
<strong>WWF</strong><br />
Annual Plan 2007 – <strong>Mara</strong> <strong>River</strong> <strong>Basin</strong> Management Initiative<br />
Budget<br />
A summary table showing the budgets for 2006–2008 is presented below (all figures in NOK). A<br />
detailed budget is presented in Appendix 1.<br />
Budget item Year 1 (2006) 6 Year 2 (2007) 7 Year 3 (2008) 8 Totals<br />
Norad contribution (90 %) 1,822,500 2,337,308 2,430,000 6,589,808<br />
<strong>WWF</strong>-Norway contribution (10 %) 202,500 259,701 270,000 732,201<br />
<strong>Project</strong> Budget (100 %) 2,025,000 2,597,009 2,700,000 7,322,009<br />
Norad 8 % adm. grant to <strong>WWF</strong>-N. 145,800 186,985 194,400 527,185<br />
Total Norad contribution 1,968,300 2,524,293 2,624,400 7,116,993<br />
6 Amounts for 2006 represent the approved budget.<br />
7 Amounts for 2007 represent the proposed budget.<br />
8 Amounts for 2008 are indicative for the 2008 budget.<br />
<strong>WWF</strong> <strong>SAF</strong> Zambezi Chobe fisheries 011006 - main text.doc 2006-10-01 Page vii