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Tropical deep convection and tropical tropopause - Academia Sinica

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<strong>Tropical</strong> <strong>tropopause</strong> height <strong>and</strong><br />

<strong>deep</strong> convective clouds<br />

• However, in real tropics, the <strong>tropopause</strong> is<br />

higher. It is usually taken to be ~ 17 km.<br />

• <strong>Tropical</strong> <strong>tropopause</strong> is thought to be<br />

approximately maintained by convectiveradiative<br />

equilibrium<br />

• Yet few of <strong>tropical</strong> “hot towers” are<br />

observed to be taller than 14 km<br />

(Highwood <strong>and</strong> Hoskins, 1998)<br />

• So how can the <strong>tropical</strong> <strong>tropopause</strong> be<br />

maintained at 17 km level?<br />

• Also, would H2O go thru the <strong>tropopause</strong>?

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