A case study of fish farming impacts on malaria prevalence in - lumes

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Mandere’s remark forms the rationale <strong>of</strong> this <strong>study</strong> which is to establish the correlation between <strong>fish</strong> <strong>farming</strong> development and the increase in malaria prevalence in Kabale. Rutaisire et al. (2009) noted that the private sector has started to gain interest in <strong>fish</strong> <strong>farming</strong> thus increasing investment in <strong>fish</strong> <strong>farming</strong> projects. This might exacerbate the malaria transmission if the relationship exits not only to those living in areas with high <strong>fish</strong> pond density and number but also to the entire country. 2.3 Study area Kabale district is situated in the southwest part <strong>of</strong> Uganda at the border with Rwanda (Figure 3). The district is made up <strong>of</strong> 4 counties, 19 sub-counties, 1 municipality and 3 town councils. The district has a total land area <strong>of</strong> 1,827km 2 most (93 %) <strong>of</strong> which is arable land – the rest being wetland or marginal land. It lies 2000 metres above sea level and surrounded by heavily cultivated hills which range from 1,219 - 2,347 metres above sea level. This altitude makes Kabale colder than the rest <strong>of</strong> the country with the average monthly temperatures <strong>of</strong> about 18 °C and sometimes it falls to 4 °C especially in the night. The district experiences a high relative humidity throughout the year. The location <strong>of</strong> Kabale and the sub-counties where the <strong>study</strong> was conducted are shown in figure 3 below. IKUMBA KASHAMBYA HAMURWA RWAMUCUCU BUKINDA N MUKO BUBALE KAMWEZI KNZ KCZ KSZ KYANAMIRA KAHARO STUDY SITES BUFUNDI KITUMBA MAZIBA BUHARA KAMUGANGUZI 0 20 Kilometers RUBAYA Figure 3: Map <strong>of</strong> Uganda showing the location <strong>of</strong> Kabale and sub-counties Page | 18
The population <strong>of</strong> the district was 41,344 people as per the 2002 population census (UBOS 2002). Kabale district has a population density <strong>of</strong> about 258 persons per square kilometre. Majority (90%) <strong>of</strong> the people reside in rural parts <strong>of</strong> the district where their main economic activity is agriculture. The average family size is 5 persons and 33% <strong>of</strong> households are female headed. The geographical location from where the respondents were drawn is shown in figure 4. KYANAMIRA #þ#þ#þ#þ #þ#þ #þ#þ #þ #þ KSZ #þ #þ #þ #þ#þ#þ#þ #þ #þ #þ #þ #þ#þ #þ #þ #þ #þ #þ #þ #þ #þ #þ #þ #þ #þ #þ #þ #þ #þ #þ #þ #þ #þ #þ #þ #þ KITUMBA W N E #þ#þ #þ #þ #þ #þ #þ#þ#þ#þ BUHARA S #þ#þ#þ#þ #þ Ponds and Households Sub-counties KAMUGANGUZI #þ #þ #þ 4 0 4 Kilometers Figure 4: Map <strong>of</strong> the <strong>study</strong> area showing the location <strong>of</strong> the respondents 3.0 Methodology 3.1 Conceptual/ theoretical framework In order for the <strong>fish</strong> <strong>farming</strong> approach that Uganda adopted in 2005 to be sustainable, it must improve rural development and nutrition, rejuvenate the depleted <strong>fish</strong> stocks in the water bodies but it must not cause negative externalities on social, economic and health wellbeing <strong>of</strong> the people in the country. This should not only cater for the current generation but also for the future generation (Carter 2007). The people living in Kabale are very susceptible to malaria given the fact that in this region, malaria was sporadic up to 2005. Based on previous studies, malaria has been a major public health threat in Uganda and efforts to control and prevent it have not been Page | 19
Page 1 and 2: Land use change and health: A <stro
Page 3 and 4: ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I thank European Un
Page 5 and 6: 4.2.3 Homestead location distance t
Page 7 and 8: List of tables Tab
Page 9 and 10: 1.0 Introduction Combating malaria
Page 11 and 12: as a means to improve people’s li
Page 13 and 14: 2.1.1 Malaria in Kabale Kabale neig
Page 15 and 16: A first experimental station for <s
Page 17: The re-introduction and expansion <
Page 21 and 22: On the basis of th
Page 23 and 24: immediately after the exercise so a
Page 25 and 26: Figure 7: Impacts of</stron
Page 27 and 28: Table 2: Malaria incidences per mon
Page 29 and 30: Figure 8: Site characterization per
Page 31 and 32: Figure 10: Impacts of</stro
Page 33 and 34: inequality 3 . Since most o
Page 35 and 36: Maheu-Giroux et al. (2010) have bot
Page 37 and 38: (2009) found that the mean cost per
Page 39 and 40: 7.0 References Abaya SW, Mandere NM
Page 41 and 42: Mugisha S (2006) Private Sector-led
Page 43 and 44: http://www.nationalacademies.org/in
Page 45 and 46: fish ponds 2= 0.5

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